scholarly journals Multilevel Demand For Sea Transportation. Correlation Between Baltic Dry Index (Bdi) And Coaster Shipping Prices For Sea Routes Between Baltic Seaports And Mediterranean Seaports

2021 ◽  
Vol 93 (7s) ◽  
pp. 141-148
Author(s):  
Svetlana Dimitrakieva ◽  
◽  
Ognyan Kostadinov ◽  
Christiana Atanasova
Keyword(s):  
International Trade ◽  
Raw Materials ◽  
The Other ◽  
Maritime Transport ◽  
Sea Transport ◽  
Economic Point ◽  
Transport Services ◽  
Other Hand ◽  
Production Stages ◽  
Baltic Dry Index

Baltic Dry Index (BDI) reflects the prices of sea transport performed by Capesize, Panamax, Supramax and Handysize bulk carriers only. The prices of the transport with vessels of smaller tonnage are not considered in the calculation of BDI, therefore principally it should be assumed that BDI does not refer to a tonnage different from the observed. On the other hand, the demand for maritime transport services depends on the state of international trade of goods. Generally, the international market of goods is common for all ship types and tonnages. In the production processes starting from the extraction of raw materials till the sale of finished products to end customers; it can be done by several transport carriages in succession, which provide the intermediate production stages. Transport demand is secondary and depends on international trade, but on the other hand, this demand is multilevel. From an economic point of view, it is important to study the interrelationships between maritime transport providing the intermediate production stages, from the extraction of raw materials till the sale of the final goods.

New uses for brick-making clay materials from the Bailén area (southern Spain)

Clay Minerals ◽  
1998 ◽  
Vol 33 (3) ◽  
pp. 453-465 ◽  
Author(s):  
I. Gonzalez ◽  
E. Galan ◽  
A. Miras ◽  
P. Aparicio
Keyword(s):  
Particle Size ◽  
Iron Oxides ◽  
Raw Materials ◽  
The Other ◽  
Southern Spain ◽  
Other Hand ◽  
Floor Tiles ◽  
Potential Applications ◽  
Clay Materials

AbstractAn attempt has been made to assess new potential applications for the Bailén clays, traditionally used for manufacturing bricks, based on mineralogical, chemical, particle size, plasticity and firing results. Raw materials and mixtures used by the local factory were selected and tested with the addition of some diatomite, feldspar or kaolin. Based on their properties, clay materials from Bailén might be suitable for making porous red wall tiles, clinker, vitrified red floor tiles and porous light-coloured wall tiles by pressing; the first could be manufactured from the raw materials and mixtures currently used by the local manufactures. On the other hand, stoneware shaped by extrusion, such as perforated bricks, facing bricks and roofing tiles, can be also manufactured from the mixtures used at the factory if they contain 20-25% carbonate and small amounts of iron oxides; lightweight bricks require black and yellow clays with diatomite.

scholarly journals Biological Tools to Deal with Pollution : Selected Advances and Novel Perspectives

2014 ◽  
Vol 3 (1) ◽  
pp. 57
Author(s):  
Abdelaziz Ghanemi ◽  
Besma Boubertakh
Keyword(s):  
Public Health ◽  
Raw Materials ◽  
Economic Benefits ◽  
The Other ◽  
Environment And Public Health ◽  
The Public ◽  
Other Hand ◽  
Metabolic Properties ◽  
Living Organisms ◽  
The Impact

Pollution  represents  a  problem  common  to economy and  public  health. Indeed, the public health, because of the  divers’  type of pollutions, is facing divers challenges for which urgent solutions are required.The biology provides approaches not only to deal with the pollution, but also to  obtain  economic  benefits. Some living  organisms  have  particular metabolisms  that allow  them  to  assimilate  and  metabolite  the polluting agents  and thus reduce the  impact  they have on both environment  and public health.  On  the other  hand,  the  metabolic  properties  of  specific organisms make  the  polluting  elements raw materials to  synthesize  other elements that are benefits  for  economy  and  non-toxic  for  the  ecology and  the  biohealth. Yet, other options such as the regulations and laws are  required  to improve the efficiency of these approaches.

A French place without a cheese

Focaal ◽  
2004 ◽  
Vol 2004 (44) ◽  
pp. 72-86 ◽  
Author(s):  
Paola Filippucci
Keyword(s):  
Public Policy ◽  
Cultural Heritage ◽  
Raw Materials ◽  
The Other ◽  
Other Hand ◽  
Local Product ◽  
Definition Of

In France, the classic produit du terroir, the local product that with its mix of skill and raw materials embodies the distinctive tie between people and their terroir (soil), is cheese. Thus, when inhabitants of the Argonne say that it “does not even have a cheese”, they imply that it lacks a patrimoine (cultural heritage). On the other hand, they do make passionate claims about 'being Argonnais', conveying a marked recognition of, and attachment to, a named place in relation to which they identify themselves and others. Focusing on this paradox, this article will highlight certain assumptions regarding the definition of cultural heritage found in public policy.

WAYS OF IMPLEMENTING THE PRIORITY OF TRANSPORT POLICY ON THE EXAMPLE OF SEA PORTS OF THE RUSSIAN FEDERATION

2020 ◽  
Vol XIII ◽  
pp. 3-4
Author(s):  
Mariusz Zieliński
Keyword(s):  
Russian Federation ◽  
Transport Policy ◽  
The Other ◽  
Sea Transport ◽  
Other Hand ◽  
Strategic Plans ◽  
The Russian Federation ◽  
Sea Ports ◽  
The One

The folowing paper reveals the execution of Russian Federations Policy of sea transport based on The Transport Strategy of The RF. On the one hand the russian strategic programms are analised. On the other hand te conduct of the strategic plans (guided by governmental assemblies) is taken into consideration

Automation in Sea Transport

1967 ◽  
Vol 20 (4) ◽  
pp. 464-476
Author(s):  
G. V. Parmiter
Keyword(s):  
The Other ◽  
Large Field ◽  
Shipping Industry ◽  
Direct Control ◽  
Sea Transport ◽  
Other Hand ◽  
Data Loggers ◽  
The Individual

The word ‘Automation’ when applied to the shipping industry seems to invoke in the individual mind such matters as direct control of propulsion units, planned bridge lay-outs, cargo plan computers, engine data loggers and such other items of ships' equipment. Automation is thus limited in effect and confined entirely to the ship internally. Clearly this ensures that the ship as a unit is as economically efficient as modern techniques allow and is a reflection of the up-to-date attitude of mind of many shipowners.On the other hand there is a very large field open to automation which concerns sea transport as a whole in respect of the actual conduct of ships at sea both individually and in relation to their effect on each other. It is in this field of sea transport operations that the author sees many longterm possibilities and this paper tries to give some lead into these, which so far seem to have received little, if any, widespread thought or discussion.

scholarly journals LEGAL PROTECTION TO PEOPLE'S SALT FARMER'S RELATED TO THE APPLICATION OF GOVERNMENT REGULATION NUMBER 9 YEAR 2018 CONCERNING PROCEDURES FOR IMPORT CONTROL FOR FISHERIES COMMODITY AND SALTERN AS RAW MATERIALS AND INDUSTRIAL HELPING MATERIALS

2018 ◽  
Vol 10 (1) ◽  
pp. 77-95
Author(s):  
Rizky Gelar Pangestu ◽  
Rizky Gelar Pangestu
Keyword(s):  
Government Regulation ◽  
Raw Materials ◽  
Legal Protection ◽  
The Other ◽  
Work Team ◽  
Weather Factors ◽  
Production Sector ◽  
Salt Production ◽  
Other Hand ◽  
Industrial Needs

The length of the Indonesian coastline is based on calculations from the Work Team Standardization of the Island Name reaching 99,000 (ninety nine thousand) Kilometers which indicates that there is potential for salt production in Indonesia. But not all coastlines in Indonesia can be used as salt production centers because of several factors that influence them. However, the salt production sector in Indonesia has become a means of living for businesses in the salt sector, especially the Salt Farmers, so that the salt produced is called people's salt. At present, the people's salt production has not been able to meet industrial needs because the salt specifications and quantity cannot meet the industry's needs so the solution is to import industrial salt. The enactment of Government Regulation Number 9 of 2018 concerning Procedures for Import Control for Fisheries Commodities and Concentration as Raw Materials and Industrial Assistance provides an entry way for imported salt for industrial needs. But on the other hand, people's salt production is currently in the stage of increasing quality and quantity due to weather factors that support and the application of technology that is empowered to support industrial needs are being implemented. In this case a problem arises when people's salt is unable to compete with the presence of imported salt because the industrial needs have been met by the presence of imported salt, so that with this problem the community salt farmers need legal protection in the process of marketing their salt in Indonesia.Keywords: People’s Salt; Salt Import; Protection.

scholarly journals Traditional and new raw materials for spirit beverage production

2021 ◽  
Vol 17 ◽  
pp. 70-78
Author(s):  
Szymon Ługowoj ◽  
Maria Balcerek
Keyword(s):  
Ethanol Production ◽  
Raw Materials ◽  
The Other ◽  
Raw Material ◽  
Fast Growing ◽  
Growth Requirements ◽  
Other Hand ◽  
Materials Used ◽  
Production Industry

The ethanol production industry is a fast growing branch of the economy in many countries, and there is a rich tradition of spirit beverage production of many unique drinks such as Polish vodka and Starka or Irish and Scotch whisk(e)y, all of which have unique organoleptic features. This variety is possible thanks to different raw materials used for production such as rye, barley or corn and potatoes, as well as technological solutions developed over the generations of manufacturing. Rye deserves a closer look due to its low growth requirements and many different uses as well as its long tradition of cultivation, especially in Poland. On the other hand, manufacturers are currently interested in using new, original raw materials for the production of so-called craft alcohols. Buckwheat is an example of a raw material that can be successfully used in the production of original spirits.

scholarly journals THE IMPORTANCE OF RAW MATERIALS INVENTORY SUPERVISION FOR PRODUCTION PROCESS

2016 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
pp. 53-60
Author(s):  
Bina Andari
Keyword(s):  
Theoretical Analysis ◽  
Production Process ◽  
Inventory Control ◽  
Raw Materials ◽  
Good Control ◽  
The Other ◽  
Long Period ◽  
Production Processes ◽  
Other Hand ◽  
Unstable Product

This paper  describes the importance of the raw materials Inventory supervision for production process. The concepts described in this paper was studied using the descriptive theoretical analysis. It is concluded that (1)  Raw Materials Inventory control is highly needed by both small and big companies to take care of the production process stabilization; (2) The production process will find problems when there is no good control of the Inventory. This causes anstable production process effecting finnace of the companies. The long period of materials inventory causes campany loss. On the other hand, small amount of inventory will also cause the production processes stop. Such situation will also influence marketting and the supply to the consumers; (3) Unstable producation process will cause unstable product supply in the market, and (4) To ensure that the consumers’ needs are continuously completed, control of the raw materials inventory needs to be done and maintained.   

scholarly journals STRATEGI PENGEMBANGAN USAHA KERAJINAN TANGAN SABUT KELAPA DI LKP AKAS KABUPATEN KEBUMEN

MEDIAGRO ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 15 (01) ◽  
Author(s):  
Yunida Tri Andari ◽  
Lutfi Aris Sasongko ◽  
Eka Dewi Nurjayanti
Keyword(s):  
Social Media ◽  
Data Analysis ◽  
Development Strategy ◽  
Raw Materials ◽  
External Factors ◽  
The Other ◽  
Raw Material ◽  
Internal Factors ◽  
Other Hand ◽  
Coconut Coir

Cocunut coir, as a secondary product of coconut, can be processed into eco-friendly fiber. This fiber is used as raw materials for handicrafts. This research aims to analyze the internal and external factors, as well as formulating an alternative strategy for the development of coconut coir handicraft business in LKP AKAS Kebumen Regency. The data used primary and secondary type. Data analysis method is done by using Internal Factors Evaluation (IFE) matrix, External Factors Evaluation (EFE) matrix, Internal External (IE) matrix and SWOT matrix. Data analysis resulted internal factors (strenghts) including abundant availability of raw materials, availability local labor, short marketing channels, national and international marketing. In the other hand, internal factors (weakness) are including lack of product innovation, an effective organizational structure, old manpower, an availability recorded orders, and lack of promotion through the website and social media. The external factors (opportunity) including the partnership with raw materials suppliers, the steadiness of raw material prices and repeated orders, the lack of competitors with the same materials, the supports from local government, and the request of delivery orders. In the other hand, the external factors (threaths) are including the risk of the market (numerous kind of handicraft with different materials), and the presence of other handicraft industry. The result of IE analysis, LKP AKAS is located in zone I, i.e grow and build. Suitable strategies for this area are market penetration, market development, and product development. Alternative strategies that can be done are: (1) make a business plan including production layout, product variation (production) and marketing to add customers; (2) summarize and manage the customer’s orders in order to have regular evaluation of the business progress in the future; (3) modified the product becomes more varied in order to be able to compete with other handicraft products; and (4) increase promotional activities online (website and social media) to attract consumers. Keywords : development strategy, handicraft, coconut coir, SWOT, Kebumen.

PENGGUNAAN BAHAN FINISHING PADA ROTAN NON KOMERSIAL SEBAGAI BAHAN KERAJINAN

2011 ◽  
Vol 3 (2) ◽  
pp. 7
Author(s):  
Saibatul Hamdi ◽  
Arhamsyah Arhamsyah
Keyword(s):  
Volume Expansion ◽  
Raw Materials ◽  
Great Influence ◽  
The Other ◽  
Furniture Industry ◽  
Immersion Method ◽  
Other Hand ◽  
Clear Glass ◽  
Result Show

Development of the rattan furniture industry today is quite fast although the amount of raw materials are decreasing, especially in commersial rattan commodities such as Manau,  Irit, Taman, Sega, etc. Their price is quite expensive too five species of rattan were used as research materials. There are Manau (Calamus mettanensis Becc), Toho (Calamus sp), Galang (Daemonorops verticilaris Griff Mart), Hijau (Calamus sp) and simpurut (Calamus panajuga Becc). For finishing materials, clear glass melamine (ML 131 and NC 141) were used in this research with three different immersion timer for 24 hours, 36 hours and 48 hours long. An immersion method without using any finishing materials was done as control materials. Result show that the average of volume expansion of rattan speseis using NC 141 are 1,56-3,16% in Marau; 1,36-2,91%; in Toho; 2,01-3,05% in Galang; 2,12-3,20% in Hijau and 1,90-2,14 in Simpurut. In the other hand, the average of volume expansion of rattan species using melamin ML 131 are 1,27-2,58% in Marau; 1,46-2,51% in Toho; 2,30-3,23% in galang; 1,10-2,79% in Hijau and 1,45-2,55% in Simpurut. In control materials the average of expantion volume in 5 species rattans is 2,53-3,99%. From those results, the best method was shown in using NC 141 which can prevent the volume expansion and give great influence in volume expansion value.Keywords: rattan, finishing material, melamine ML 131, melamine NC 141, volume expantion.

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