scholarly journals Productivity of long-term bean grass in single-species and compatible with anwless bromegrass feed agrophytocenoses

2021 ◽  
pp. 54-65
Author(s):  
V.H. Kurhak ◽  
S.M. Panasyuk
Keyword(s):  
Dry Weight ◽  
Single Species ◽  
Dry Mass ◽  
Nitrogen Accumulation ◽  
Nitrogen Fixing ◽  
Legume Seeds ◽  
Soil Liming ◽  
Grass Stand ◽  
Comparative Results ◽  
Perennial Legumes

Goal. Establish the best perennial legumes when grown in single-species and compatible fodder agrocenoses with stokolos boneless and the effectiveness of the use of nitrogen-fixing and phosphorus-mobilizing bacterial preparations, as well as liming. Methods. General scientific − hypotheses, inductions and deductions, analogies, generalizations and special − field, laboratory, mathematical and statistical, computational and comparative. Results. Based on the generalization of literature sources, it is proved that the creation of sown grasslands, with high content of perennial legumes on meadows and arable lands, which are derived from intensive cultivation is one of the most promising areas of organic onion growing. Productivity of single-species crops of perennial legumes and their mixtures with boneless stalk on average for five years after the yield of 1 ha of dry mass in the version without fertilizers ranged from 5.12 to 8.38 tons, which is 1.7−2.5 times more in comparison with a grassy grass stand which is formed from one-species crops of a stokolos of a boneless. The highest productivity and level of symbiotic nitrogen accumulation (191−266 kg / ha) were provided by agrocenoses with the participation of alfalfa, and the lowest - meadow clover. The efficiency of soil liming during sowing of grasses and application of inoculation of seeds of perennial legumes with nitrogen-fixing and phosphorus-mobilizing preparations is given. Changes in the chemical composition of feed under the influence of the studied factors are also shown. Conclusions. Different types of perennial legumes and their mixtures with boneless stalk without fertilizers provide productivity in the range of 5.12−8.38 t / ha of dry weight, which is 1.7−2.5 times more than the grass cover, which is formed from single-species sowing of stokolos bezzostoy. Inoculation of perennial legume seeds with nitrogen-fixing and phosphorus-releasing microbiological preparations increases the productivity of perennial legumes and their mixtures with cereals by 2−6%, and soil liming before sowing – by 3−11%. The greatest effect is provided by the combined use of these bacterial drugs. Alfalfa sowing responds best to their use and liming.

scholarly journals Agrophytocenoses based on promising varieties of meadow clover on drained lands of the Non-Chernozem zone

2020 ◽  
Vol 21 (2) ◽  
pp. 152-159
Author(s):  
E. N. Pavlyuchik ◽  
A. D. Kapsamun ◽  
N. N. Ivanova ◽  
T. N. Panteleeva ◽  
N. A. Epifanova
Keyword(s):  
Dry Weight ◽  
Shoot Formation ◽  
Dry Mass ◽  
Suppressive Effect ◽  
Climatic Conditions ◽  
Northwestern Part ◽  
Meadow Fescue ◽  
Forage Crops ◽  
Podzolic Soils ◽  
Grass Stand

The article presents data of studies carried out in the northwestern part of the Non-Chernozem zone (Tver region) in 2019. Studied were fodder mixtures based on meadow clover Kretunovsky, Green, Chance, Falensky 86 varieties mixed with variegated alfalfa Vega 87 variety and cereal components − timothy grass VIK 9 and meadow fescue Sakharovskaya varieties. The yield of dry weight of legumes and cereal grass stands of the first year of use during primary mowing in ferti-lized varieties was 4.4-6.9 t/ha at the height of grass stand of 66-77 cm and stalk density of 318-507 pcs/m2. The indicators in variants without fertilizers were lower, the height of the grass stand was 63-69 cm, the density was 334-595 pcs/m2 and the yield of fodder mass was 3.8-4.6 t/ha. Unfavorable climatic conditions during the period between mowings had a suppressive effect on growth and development of herbs, therefore, during the secondary mowing the height parameters of agrophytocenoses decreased by 1.2-1.3 times and did not exceed 32-44 cm against unfertilized background, 43-53 cm against a fertilized one. A decrease in shoot formation ability of herbs during the second mowing was not observed, the density of agrophytocenoses was at the level of 300-500 pcs/m. The yield of dry mass of the second mowing compared to the first mowing decreased by 1.3-1.7 times and was 2.2-5.4 t/ha. In the botanical composition of grass mixtures during the first mowing, leg-ume components prevailed − 35-65 %, during the secondary mowing the percentage of legumes did not exceed 15-30 %. The use of three-component grass mixtures in agriculture will make it possible to get from 6.7 to 9.3 tons per hectare of dry weight of complete feed for cattle for two mowings. Adaptation and cultivation on sod-podzolic soils in the humid zone of the Non-chernozem region of grass mixtures consisting of new-generation forage grasses is one of the reserves for increasing produc-tivity of forage crops by more than 10 %.

scholarly journals Productivity of sown meadow herbage depending on the elements of growing technology

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
L. M. Burko ◽  
◽  
I. V. Svystunova ◽  
S. P. Poltoretskyi ◽  
T. I. Prorochenko ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Species Composition ◽  
Crude Protein ◽  
Dry Weight ◽  
Single Species ◽  
Dry Mass ◽  
Metabolic Energy ◽  
Forest Steppe ◽  
Research Station ◽  
High Productivity ◽  
The Right

The results of research on the influence of species composition of grass mixtures, the level of fertilizing, and growth stimulator Fumar on the productivity of sown meadow herbage on typical low-humus chernozems of the Right-Bank Forest-Steppe are presented. The experimental part of the work was performed in the scientific laboratories of the Forage Production, Land Reclamation, and Meteorology Department in the production unit of the National University of Life and Environmental Sciences of Ukraine "Agronomic Research Station". The territory of the research station is located in the Right-Bank Forest-Steppe and is a part of Bila Tserkva agro-soil district. The experimental plots were laid on typical low-humus chernozems, coarse-grained light loam in terms of mechanical composition, which are characterized by a high content of gross and mobile forms of nutrients. The climate of the region is characterized by unstable humidity and moderate temperatures. The average annual air temperature is 6-8 ° C. The annual amount of precipitation reaches 562 mm, during the growing season - 354-394 mm (63-70% of the annual norm), which falls unevenly throughout the year. The purpose of the study is to establish patterns of high productivity formation of sown perennial grasses depending on the species composition and fertilizers on typical low-humus chernozems of Right-Bank Forest-Steppe. The analysis of fertilizers effect showed that the highest productivity on all stands was provided by the combined application of complete mineral fertilizer and biostimulator of growth Fumar (N60P60K90 + Fumar), where productivity compared to the option without fertilizer on average over the years of research on alfalfa t/ha of dry mass or by 9%, on its mixtures with cereals - by 0.89–1.19 t/ha, or by 9–11%, and on cereal herbages - by 2.79 t/ha, or by 54% at LSD 0.41 t/ha. Productivity from the use of growth stimulant Fumar increased by 0.27-0.32 t/ha of dry weight or 2-4% and depended a little on the species composition of herbages. High efficiency of alfalfa inclusion in leguminous-cereal grass mixtures, as well as use of single-species alfalfa sowing for fodder purposes, especially on backgrounds without mineral nitrogen, was revealed. The productivity of these herbages in comparison with cereal herbages on nitrogen-free backgrounds (variants without fertilizers and P60K90) on average for 2014–2016 increased from 3.74–4.10 to 8.06–8.68 t/ha of fodder units, from 0.57-0.66 to 1.70-1.96 of crude protein, from 93.7-101.4 to 182.1-206.2 GJ/ha of gross energy and from 38.9-42.7 to 82.4–91.3 GJ/ha of metabolic energy or by1.8–3.0 times, while on backgrounds with nitrogen application (variants N60P60K90 and N60P60K90 + Fumar) - respectively from 5.73–5.93 to 8, 27–9.22 t/ha, from 1.13–1.21 to 1.89–2.29 t/ha, from 139.8–144.8 to 192.5–219.1 GJ/ha, and from 59.6–61.7 to 89.4–98.2 GJ/ha, or by 1.4–1.6 times. Comparison of the productivity of alfalfa-cereal mixtures with single-species sowing of alfalfa shows that on the same backgrounds it was at the same level with slight fluctuations. On average, in the first three years of use, the most influential factor in the yield of 1 ha of dry mass is the factor of grass cover with a share of 60%. The share of fertilizer factor is 40%. The inclusion of alfalfa in legumes and cereal mixtures, as well as the use of single-species sowing for fodder purposes compared to cereals in the background without mineral nitrogen on average for the first three years of use, increases the productivity of sown grasslands from 5.12-5.54 to 10,44–10.78 t/ha of dry weight, from 3.74–4.10 to 8.06–8.68 t/ha of feed units, from 0.57–0.66 to 1.70 1.96 of crude protein and from 38.9–42.7 to 82.4–91.3 GJ/ha of exchange energy or by 1.8–3.0 times, while on backgrounds with N60 application - from 7.28–7.59, respectively, to 9.42–9.71 t/ha, from 5.73–5.93 to 8.27–9.22 t/ha, from 1.13–1.21 to 1.89–2.29 t/ha and from 59.6–61.7 to 89.4–98.2 GJ/ha, or only by 1.4–1.6 times. Among the alfalfa-cereal herbages in the first two years of use, the most productive was the agrocenosis, the cereal part of which is represented by smooth bromegrass and English bluegrass. The lowest, but quite high productivity of alfalfa and alfalfa-grass herbages is provided without fertilizers, which on average for the first three years of use ranges from 9.95 to 10.86 t/ha of dry weight, 1.70 to 1.85 t/ha of crude protein, 82.4–85.8 GJ/ha of metabolic energy, while cereals, respectively, 5.12 t/ha, 3.74 t/ha, 0.57 t/ha, 38.9 GJ/ha.

STEM measurement of subcellular water distributions

1993 ◽  
Vol 51 ◽  
pp. 568-569
Author(s):  
R.D. Leapman ◽  
S.Q. Sun ◽  
S-L. Shi ◽  
R.A. Buchanan ◽  
S.B. Andrews
Keyword(s):  
Water Content ◽  
Internal Standard ◽  
Dry Weight ◽  
Dry Mass ◽  
Scanning Transmission Electron Microscope ◽  
Dark Field ◽  
Bulk Water ◽  
Inelastic Electron ◽  
Scanning Transmission ◽  
Annular Dark Field

Recent advances in rapid-freezing and cryosectioning techniques coupled with use of the quantitative signals available in the scanning transmission electron microscope (STEM) can provide us with new methods for determining the water distributions of subcellular compartments. The water content is an important physiological quantity that reflects how fluid and electrolytes are regulated in the cell; it is also required to convert dry weight concentrations of ions obtained from x-ray microanalysis into the more relevant molar ionic concentrations. Here we compare the information about water concentrations from both elastic (annular dark-field) and inelastic (electron energy loss) scattering measurements.In order to utilize the elastic signal it is first necessary to increase contrast by removing the water from the cryosection. After dehydration the tissue can be digitally imaged under low-dose conditions, in the same way that STEM mass mapping of macromolecules is performed. The resulting pixel intensities are then converted into dry mass fractions by using an internal standard, e.g., the mean intensity of the whole image may be taken as representative of the bulk water content of the tissue.

BOTANICAL COMPOSITION AND PRODUCTIVITY OF PERENNIAL GRASSES AGROPHYTOCENOSES WITH TETRAPLOID MEADOW CLOVER

1970 ◽  
pp. 59-62
Author(s):  
N. I. Kasatkina ◽  
Zh. S. Nelyubina
Keyword(s):  
Dry Weight ◽  
Single Species ◽  
Lotus Corniculatus ◽  
Specific Weight ◽  
Biological Properties ◽  
Phleum Pratense ◽  
Perennial Grasses ◽  
High Yield ◽  
Botanical Composition ◽  
The Third

The biological properties of plants, their mutual relations under different growth conditions and at different periods of their life, must be known for obtaining highly productive agrophytocenoses with participation of a meadow clover (Trifolium pratense L.). Botanical composition and fodder productivity of perennial grasses in agrocenoses with participation of meadow tetraploid clover Kudesnik were studied in 2014-2017. It was revealed that in the first and second years of use the agrophytocenosis, the yield of green mass was formed due to meadow tetraploid clover, the share of its participation in the first mowing was at level of 71-87% and 64-97% respectively. Specific weight of clover in multispecies agrocenoses considerably decreased by the third year of use: in the first mowing up to 32-68%, in the second - up to 8-52%. At the same time, the percentage of long-term herbaceous grasses increased: meadow timothy (Phleum pratense L.) - up to 34-54%, eastern galega (Galéga orientális Lam.) - up to 33%, changeable alfalfa (Medicago x varia Martyn) - up to 22-54%, lotus corniculatus (Lotus corniculatus L.) - up to 14-19%. The proportion of weed admixture in single-species clover planting was 12%, in agrocenoses - 2-14%. The grass mixtures clover + timothy and clover + alfalfa + timothy were less infested by weeds. High yield of dry weight of single-species sowing of meadow tetraploid clover was obtained in the first two years of use - 7.8 and 6.5 tons / ha, respectively. By the third year of use, the productivity of clover has decreased to 2.9 t / ha. On average, for three years of use, the highest yield (6.2-6.3 t / ha) was formed by agrocenoses meadow tetraploid clover + meadow timothy and meadow tetraploid clover + changeable alfalfa + meadow timothy.

scholarly journals AVOCADO SEEDLINGS MULTIPLE STEMS PRODUCTION

2016 ◽  
Vol 38 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
MARCUS VINICIUS SANDOVAL PAIXÃO ◽  
JOSÉ CARLOS LOPES ◽  
EDILSON ROMAIS SCHMILDT ◽  
RODRIGO SOBREIRA ALEXANDRE ◽  
CAROLINE MERLO MENEGHELLI
Keyword(s):  
Root Length ◽  
Dry Weight ◽  
Adventitious Rooting ◽  
Dry Mass ◽  
Stem Diameter ◽  
Experimental Unit ◽  
Shoot Height ◽  
Shoot Dry Weight ◽  
Federal Institute ◽  
Multiple Stems

ABSTRACT This study aimed to evaluate the potential of multi-stems in avocado seeds according to their mass as well as the adventitious rooting of multi-stem budding with or without the use of auxin. The research was carried out at the Vegetation House of Federal Institute of Espírito Santo, Campus Santa Teresa -ES, with seeds of different masses: <60 g, 61 to 80 g, 81 to 100 g and >100 g, in which each experimental unit was made of five seeds, distributed within five repetitions, under a completely randomized design. The seeds were put to germinate and the percentage number of emergence and multiple stems were evaluated. After 150 days, the following evaluations were carried out: survival of rooted cuttings; number of leaves; stem diameter; root length; root volume; root and shoot fresh mass; root and shoot dry mass; shoot height; absolute growth and shoot growth rate; shoot dry weight/root dry mass ratio; shoot height/stem diameter ratio; shoot height/root length and Dickson's quality index ratio. Avocado seeds with mass over 100 g and between 81-100 g presented higher percentage of multiple stems. Rods over 20 cm that were not treated with IBA (indole-3-butyric acid) resulted on avocado plants of better quality. The use of IBA (2000 mg L-1) does not affect the rooting and growth of avocado's multi-stem plants.

Determining the content of nitrogen and some macroelements in the dry mass of perennial leguminous plants

2021 ◽  
Vol 22 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Željko Lakić ◽  
Mirjana Žabić ◽  
Tihomir Predić
Keyword(s):  
Dry Matter ◽  
Red Clover ◽  
Optimal Growth ◽  
Dry Mass ◽  
First Year ◽  
Random Block ◽  
Beginning Of Flowering ◽  
Set Up ◽  
Perennial Legumes ◽  
Nitrogen Phosphorus

The aim of this study was to determine the content of elements N, P, K, Ca, and Mg in the dry mass of perennial fodder legumes, mowed in the optimal growth phase. The experiment with perennial legumes of alfalfa (Medicago sativa), red clover (Trifolium pretense) and bird's-foot trefoil (Lotus corniculatus L.) was set up as a random block system in four replicates on valley-brown soil and was conducted for two years. The green mass of perennial legumes in the first and second mowing was harvested at the end of budding/ beginning of flowering phase. In the third and fourth regrowth, mowing of the biomass was done after 5 weeks. Immediately after each mowing, representative sample of green biomass was taken from each replicate of each legume tested. The content of nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium, calcium, and magnesium in the dry plant material was determined. The content of nitrogen and potassium in the fodder of alfalfa and red clover was higher in the first year of the study, which was not the case for bird's-foot trefoil. The dry matter of alfalfa on average had the highest content of nitrogen (39.8 g kg-1 DM) and calcium (19.6 g kg-1 DM), bird's-foot trefoil of phosphorus (10.6 g kg-1 DM) and potassium (26.1 g kg-1 DM), and red clover of magnesium (3.7 g kg-1 DM). In the dry mass of bird's-foot trefoil the average content of nitrogen was 39.0 g kg-1 DM, phosphorus 10.6 g kg-1 DM, potassium 26.1 g kg-1 DM, calcium 15.7 g kg-1 DM, and magnesium 3.5 g kg-1 DM.

scholarly journals Carbohydrates in some marine planktonic animals

1960 ◽  
Vol 39 (2) ◽  
pp. 239-248 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. E. G. Raymont ◽  
S. Krishnaswamy
Keyword(s):  
Chemical Composition ◽  
Dry Weight ◽  
Single Species ◽  
Fat Content ◽  
Carbohydrate Content ◽  
High Protein ◽  
Calanus Finmarchicus ◽  
Large Numbers

There have been few analyses of the fat, protein and carbohydrate fractions in zooplankton, and owing to the difficulty of sorting large numbers of single species, the majority of the earlier determinations were necessarily carried out on mixed zooplankton hauls (Brandt, 1898; Brandt & Raben, 1919; Moberg, 1926; Wimpenny, 1929; Drummond & Gunther, 1934; Vinogradov, 1953). Most of these analyses suggested a relatively high protein and fat content, and this was confirmed by Orr (1934 a), who investigated the chemical composition of a single species, Calanus finmarchicus. Orr's result gave fat, protein and chitin as 20–40,35–50 and 3%, respectively of dry weight. Similar high values were also reported by Orr (1934 b) for Euchaeta norvegica. The carbohydrate content was not, however, estimated in either of Orr's investigations since large numbers of animals would have been required. Brandt (1898), after analysing mixed plankton hauls which were predominantly copepods, suggested a carbohydrate content of ca. 20%.

Regulation of growth and differential tissue dry mass accumulation by Citrus grandis, Poncirus trifoliata and their F1 under salinized and non-salinized environments

2000 ◽  
Vol 27 (1) ◽  
pp. 27 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ilhami Tozlu ◽  
Gloria A. Moore ◽  
Charles L. Guy
Keyword(s):  
Salinity Tolerance ◽  
Mass Production ◽  
Fine Root ◽  
Dry Weight ◽  
Dry Mass ◽  
Poncirus Trifoliata ◽  
Initial Growth ◽  
Ion Content ◽  
Average Growth ◽  
Leaf Tissues

Salt stress responses of C. grandis L. (Osb.), P. trifoliata (L.) Raf. and their F 1 were investi-gated. Growth, growth rates, as well as leaf, stem, structural root (> 2 mm diameter), fine root (≤ 2mm diameter) and whole plant dry masses were determined for the three genotypes tested in 0, 40 and 80 mМ NaCl environments for 20 weeks. P. trifoliata and C. grandis were phenotypically distinct and their F1 had features that were a combination of both parents. The different growth habits resulted in significant differences between the net growth and growth ratios ([net growth / initial growth] × 100) of the three genotypes and between control and salinized plants within each genotype. The average growth and dry weights of nearly all tissues were reduced in salinized plants compared to those of control plants. The exceptions were the fine roots of P. trifoliata at both salinities and of the F1 plants at 40 mМ NaCl. The 40 mМ NaCl treatment stimulated fine root production in P. trifoliata plants, significantly increasing dry weight by 30% compared to control plants. Average shoot dry weight reduction was greatest in C. grandis and least in P. trifoliata in the 40 mМ NaCl treatment. While leaf tissues of P. trifoliata were the most sensitive to salinity, root tissues were the most sensitive in C. grandis. To avoid salt accumulation, P trifoliata plants increased root dry mass production while C. grandis plants increased leaf mass production. These traits appeared to be heritable, since the F1 plants displayed responses intermediate to its parents leading to increased salinity tolerance. We suggest that not only ion content of leaf tissues, but ion content and mass production of all tissues should be considered when the salinity tolerance of Citrus and related genera is characterized.

scholarly journals PRODUÇÃO DE MUDAS DE Physocalymma scaberrimum EM SUBSTRATOS COMPOSTOS POR DIFERENTES PORCENTAGENS DE RESÍDUO ORGÂNICO DE AÇAÍ

FLORESTA ◽  
2012 ◽  
Vol 42 (2) ◽  
pp. 399 ◽  
Author(s):  
Álisson Sobrinho Maranho ◽  
Ary Vieira de Paiva
Keyword(s):  
Native Species ◽  
Urban Forestry ◽  
Dry Weight ◽  
Dry Mass ◽  
Native Forest ◽  
Shoot Height ◽  
The North ◽  
Randomized Design ◽  
Collar Diameter ◽  
Growth Of Seedlings

Physocalymma scaberrimum Pohl é uma espécie nativa que ocorre principalmente no Norte e Centro-Oeste do Brasil, com potencial madeireiro, para arborização urbana e para recomposição de vegetação em áreas degradadas. Considerando a necessidade de conhecimento do seu comportamento em viveiro e da utilização de resíduos agroflorestais como componente de substrato, este estudo teve por objetivo avaliar o crescimento de mudas dessa espécie em substratos compostos por porcentagens de resíduo de açaí (0%, 25%, 50%, 75%, 100%) misturado à terra de mata. O experimento ocorreu em delineamento inteiramente casualizado, com 5 tratamentos (substratos) e 20 repetições. Foi avaliado o crescimento das mudas através da altura, diâmetro do colo, massa seca da parte aérea e radicular e total, e Índice de Qualidade de Dickson (IQD). Houve ajuste de regressão linear e correlação positiva entre altura, diâmetro do colo e massa seca total com as porcentagens de resíduo de açaí. O substrato constituído por 100% do resíduo de açaí proporcionou o maior crescimento das mudas: 32,9 cm de altura, 2,98 mm de diâmetro do colo, 2,003 g de massa seca total e maior IQD (0,1142). Para a utilização com terra de mata, a composição entre 25% e 75% de resíduo também se mostrou possível.Palavras-chave: Resíduos agroflorestais; produção de mudas; espécies florestais nativas; silvicultura. AbstractPhysocalymma scaberrimum seedlings production in substrate composed by different percentages of organic residue of açaí. Physocalymma scaberrimum Pohl is a native species that occurs mainly in the North and Midwest regions of Brazil, with potential for wood production, urban forestry and restoration of vegetation in degraded areas. Considering the need for better understanding of the seedlings behavior in the nursery, and use of agroforestry residue as components of substrate, this study aimed to evaluate the growth of this species in substrates composed by different percentages of açaí residue (0%, 25%, 50%, 75%, 100%) mixed with forest soil. The experiment was set up according to the completely randomized design, with 5 treatments (substrates) and 20 replicates. It was evaluated the growth of seedlings through shoot height, collar diameter, dry weights of shoot and roots and total, and Dickson Quality Index (IQD). A fit linear regression and positive correlation was found out between height, collar diameter and dry weight total dry mass with increasing percentages of açaí residue. The substrate composed by 100% of açaí residue provided the highest mean growth of seedlings: height (32.9 cm seedling-1), collar diameter (2.98 mm seedling-1), total dry mass (2.003 g seedling-1), and highest IQD (0.1142). To use with soil, the composition between 25% and 75% of residue also showed possibility.Keywords:agroforestry residues; seedlings production; native forest species; silviculture.

Polyhydroxyalkanoate analysis inAzospirillum brasilense

1995 ◽  
Vol 41 (13) ◽  
pp. 73-76 ◽  
Author(s):  
Robin Itzigsohn ◽  
Oded Yarden ◽  
Yaacov Okon
Keyword(s):  
Azospirillum Brasilense ◽  
Bacterial Species ◽  
Carbon Sources ◽  
Dry Mass ◽  
Nitrogen Fixing ◽  
Nitrogen Fixing Bacteria ◽  
Qualitative And Quantitative ◽  
Alkanoic Acids ◽  
Quantitative Analyses

The considerable industrial interest in the qualitative and quantitative production of polyhydroxyalkanoates in microorganisms has led to the characterization of those synthesized in the nitrogen-fixing bacteria Azospirillum brasilense and Azotobacter paspali. In contrast to some other bacterial species, Azospirillum brasilense does not produce copolymers of hydroxyalkanoates when grown under the different carbon sources assayed, namely n-alkanoic acids, hydroxyalkanoates, and sugars with varying C:N ratios. Rather, only homopolymers of polyhydroxybutyrate were detected, comprising up to 70% of the cell dry mass. No copolymers were detected in Azotobacter paspali. Quantitative analyses of poly(β-hydroxybutyrate) are also presented.Key words: Azospirillum spp., Azotobacter paspali, polyhydroxyalkanoate analysis, PHA, PHB.

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