scholarly journals Development, Immigration, And Social Harms of Iranian Small Towns: A Case Study

2016 ◽  
Vol 8 (2) ◽  
pp. 115
Author(s):  
Fatemeh Nazifi
Keyword(s):  
Health Care Access ◽  
Economic Status ◽  
Codes Of Ethics ◽  
The United States ◽  
Small Towns ◽  
Socio Economic Status ◽  
Care Access ◽  
Ex Post ◽  
Ex Post Facto ◽  
Social Affairs

<p class="1Body">Immigration is compelled by social, political and economic factors. One reason for immigration is claimed to be seeking better future. Then the mentioned transitions could be daunting, affecting social marginalization, loss of social networks, health care access issues and adverse health consequences, including depression and anxiety. It is claimed that im­migrants encounter challenges while acclimatizing to their new country and a majority of them might be influenced by the process of immigration. It is claimed that the Islamic revolution, political changes, war, and sanctions from the United States of America have obliged many Iranians to flee their homeland over the last three decades and social harms of this immigration; especially through Iran was required to be studied. This research was a survey conducted in Qiamdasht which is a small town in Ghaniabad Rural District, in the Central District of Rey County, Tehran Province, Iran. In this study, systematic random sampling was applied, resulting in 245 participants to be interviewed and respond to the questionnaires. The design of this research included Survey Research and Ex-Post Facto. Since this was a survey in which the selected families were investigated in terms of economic, cultural and social aspects, interviews and questionnaires were used. To measure the dependent and independent variables through questions, a questionnaire in 8 pages containing 69 open-ended questions on 9-point Lickert scale was established. The data were transferred to SPSS version 21 for further analysis. The results revealed that Immigrants observe the codes of ethics less than the others. Immigrants have lower Socio-economic status. Immigrants play a smaller role in solving the social affairs. Immigrants own low-level desires and wishes. Immigrants apply rationality in their life affairs less than the others. By improving their socio-economic status, immigrants better observe the codes of ethics, their rationality improves, their social mobility improves, their role in social affairs improves, moreover, it was found that by improving their economic development, qualitative development increases and finally immigration rate was found to have a diverse relationship with qualitative development.</p>

scholarly journals Faktor-faktor yang mempengaruhi kinerja guru SMA

2018 ◽  
Vol 5 (1) ◽  
pp. 43-56
Author(s):  
Diana Pramesti ◽  
Muhyadi Muhyadi
Keyword(s):  
Work Motivation ◽  
Economic Status ◽  
Work Climate ◽  
Expert Judgement ◽  
Significance Level ◽  
Socio Economic Status ◽  
Ex Post ◽  
Confirmatory Factor ◽  
Ex Post Facto ◽  
Principal Supervision

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengungkapkan pengaruh: Supervisi kepala sekolah, motivasi kerja guru, iklim kerja dan status sosial ekonomi secara parsial maupun bersama-sama berpengaruh terhadap kinerja guru SMA Negeri di Kota Pangkalpinang. Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian ex-post facto dengan pendekatan kuantitatif. Penelitian ini menggunakan teknik sampling jenuh di mana semua populasi sebagai subjek penelitian. Pengujian validitas dilakukan dengan expert judgement dan confirmatory factor analisys (CFA). Pengujian reliabilitas menggunakan Cronbach’s Alpha (α). Analisis data menggunakan teknik statistik regresi berganda. Hasil penelitian meliputi (1) Supervisi kepala sekolah berpengaruh terhadap kinerja guru dengan nilai signifikansi 0,032< 0,05. (2) Motivasi kerja berpengaruh terhadap kinerja guru nilai signifikansi 0,000< 0,05. (3) Iklim kerja guru berpengaruh terhadap kinerja guru nilai signifikansi 0,031< 0,05. (4) Status sosial ekonomi tidak berpengaruh terhadap kinerja guru nilai signifikansi 0,130>0,05. (5) Supervisi kepala sekolah, motivasi kerja, iklim kerja guru dan status sosial ekonomi secara bersama-sama berpengaruh terhadap kinerja guru nilai signifikansi 0,000<0,05. Sumbangan efektif setiap variabel sebagai berikut (1) supervisi kepala sekolah sebesar 8,1%; (2) motivasi kerja guru sebesar 42,0%; (3) iklim kerja guru sebesar 17,3%; (4) status sosial ekonomi sebesar 1,8% dan (5) supervisi kepala sekolah, motivasi kerja, iklim kerja guru, status sosial ekonomi secara bersama-sama berpengaruh terhadap kinerja guru sebesar 62,3%.Kata kunci: supervisi kepala sekolah, motivasi kerja guru, iklim kerja guru, status sosial ekonomi, kinerja guru THE FACTORS OF AFFECTING SENIOR HIGH SCHOOLSTEACHER’S PERFORMANCEAbstractThe research aims to reveal the effect of: Principal supervision, teacher's work motivation, teachers’ work climate, and socio-economic status simultaneously on the performance of the teachers of State Senior High Schools in Pangkalpinang. This research was ex-post facto research with the quantitative approach. It used the saturated sample where all the population became the sample. The validation was done through expert judgement and confirmatory factor analisys (CFA). The reliability was measured using Cronbach's Alpha (α). The data analysis used the multiple regression statistical technique. The results included. (1) The principal supervision affects the performance of the teachers, with the highest significance of 0.032 < 0,05. (2) The work motivation affects teacher performance at the significance level of  0.000 < 0,05. (3) Teachers’ working climate affects their performance with the highest significance of 0.031 < 0,05. (4) Socio-economic status does not affect the performance of the teacher with the highest significance of 0.133 > 0,05. (5) The principal supervision, work motivation, teachers’ work climate, and socio-economic status simultaneously affect the performance of the teachers, at the significance level of 0.000 < 0,05. The effective contribution of each variable as a follows: (1) Principal supervision is 8.1%; (2) Teacher motivation is 42.0%; (3) work climate is17.3%; (4) Socio-economic status is 1.8% and, (5) Principal supervision, the motivation to work, teachers’ work climate, socio-economic status altogether are 63.3%.Keywords: principal supervision, teacher work motivation, teachers work climate, socio-economic status, teachers performance

scholarly journals Age, Gender, Socio-Economic Status, Attitudes Towards Drug Abuse as Determinants of Deviant Behavior Among Undergraduate Students

2020 ◽  
Vol 13 (21) ◽  
pp. 38-46
Author(s):  
Rotimi Oguntayo ◽  
Paul O. Ajao ◽  
Kayode A. Akintunde ◽  
Oluwagbemiga A. Popoola ◽  
Aderemi S. Opayemi
Keyword(s):  
Drug Abuse ◽  
Undergraduate Students ◽  
Deviant Behavior ◽  
Economic Status ◽  
Sampling Technique ◽  
Simple Random Sampling ◽  
Test Analysis ◽  
Socio Economic Status ◽  
Ex Post ◽  
Ex Post Facto

AbstractEvidence from literature shows that deviant behavior is on high side among undergraduates in Nigeria whereas some certain psychosocial factors causing this phenomenon have not been fully explored. This study examined whether age, gender, socio-economic status and attitude towards drug abuse determine deviant behavior among the undergraduate students. It adopted ex-post facto design. Simple random sampling technique was used to sample 269 participants. The Prescription Drug Attitudes Questionnaire (PDAQ) and Deviant Behavior Variety Scale (DBVS) were used to gather data from the participants. T-test analysis and multiple regression were used to test the formulated hypotheses. The results revealed that age, monthly allowance and attitude towards drug abuse have significant joint prediction of deviant behavior (R=.358 R2 =.128, F=10.594, p<.05) while only attitude towards drug abuse independently predicted deviant behavior (R=.236, R2 =.056 F = 17.112; p<.01). Also, there was a significant gender difference on deviant behavior [t (293) = 4.196, p<.01], where male respondents scored high significantly (M=4.09, SD=3.44) compared to female respondents (M=2.53, SD=2.31) on deviant behavior. It is therefore recommended that policy makers in educational sector and the governing council of tertiary institutions need to create awareness on the debilitating effects of drugs on students’ behavior, especially among males.

scholarly journals Assessment of Gender, Location and Socio-Economic Status on Students’ Performance in Senior Secondary Certificate Examination in Mathematics

2018 ◽  
Vol 11 (8) ◽  
pp. 98
Author(s):  
Patrick U. Osadebe ◽  
Diakeleho-Edjere Oghomena
Keyword(s):  
Random Sampling ◽  
Economic Status ◽  
Sampling Technique ◽  
Simple Random Sampling ◽  
Socio Economic Status ◽  
Ex Post ◽  
Ex Post Facto ◽  
Certificate Examination ◽  
Senior Secondary ◽  
The Relationship

This study assessed the demographic characteristics of students’ performance in Mathematics in senior secondary Certificate Examination in Delta Central Senatorial District of Delta State. The purpose of the study is to assess the relationship between gender, location, socio-economic status and students’ performance in Mathematics in Senior Secondary Certificate Examination. The ex-post facto research design was used for the study. The population of the study is 15,170 SS3. A sample of 759 students was randomly selected from the total population using simple random sampling technique of balloting and stratified random sampling technique. Four research questions and four hypotheses were raised to guide the study. The instrument used for the study was a 40-item multiple choice senior secondary Mathematics Achievement test (SSMAT). Multiple regressions were used for the analysis. The study established that gender and socio-economic status contributed to students’ performance in Mathematics in senior secondary certificate examination. Recommendation was made based on the findings of the study.

scholarly journals INFLUENCE OF PARENTS' SOCIO-ECONOMIC STATUS AND VOCATIONAL LEARNING MOTIVATION TO LEARNING ACHIEVEMENT IN THE LESSON OF CHASSIS AND POWER TRANSDUCTOR FOR XII GRADE STUDENTS OF LIGHT VIHICLE ENGINEERING DEPARTMENT OF SMK PIRI 1 YOGYAKARTA IN ACADEMIC YEAR 2013/2014

TAMAN VOKASI ◽  
2014 ◽  
Vol 2 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Indra Tri Setyawan ◽  
Tarto Sentono
Keyword(s):  
Data Analysis ◽  
Economic Status ◽  
Learning Motivation ◽  
Learning Achievement ◽  
Socio Economic Status ◽  
Ex Post ◽  
Ex Post Facto ◽  
Vocational Learning ◽  
Academic Year ◽  
Year 2013

The purpose of the study is to find the influence of parents’ socio-economic status and vocational learning motivation to learning achievement in the lesson of chassis and power transductor for XII grade students of SMK PIRI 1 Yogyakarta in the academic year 2013/2014.This research includes ex-post facto research conducted on the population 129 students with the sample 98 students. Data collection techniques in this research uses questionnaire instrument techniques for variable of parents’ socio-economic status and vocational learning motivation whereas documentation instrument techniques uses for variable of learning achievement the lesson of chassis and power transductor. Questionnaire was tested on 25 respondents. Data analysis techniques uses partial correlation analysis and regression analysis were preceded by prerequisite test that are normality test, linearity and multikolonieritas.The results of the data analysis is (1) parents’ socio-economic status (X1) influential positive and significant on learning achievement in the lesson of chassis and power transductor, (2) vocational learning motivation (X2) influential positive and significant on learning achievement in the lesson of chassis and power transductor, (3) parents’ socio-economic status (X1) and vocational learning motivation (X2) are jointly have positive and significant effect on learning achievement in the lesson of chassis and power transductor. Positive means that the higher the value of X1 and X2, the higher the value of Y, and vice versa. Thus, the socio-economic status of parents and the motivation to study vocational subjects affecting learning achievement the lesson of chassis and power transductor XII grade students of SMK PIRI 1 Yogyakarta in the academic year 2013/2014. 

scholarly journals Impact of Integrated Farming System on the Socio-Economic Status of Farmers under ‘Mera Gaon Mera Gaurav (MGMG)’Programme in Bishnupur District of Manipur, India

2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (10) ◽  
pp. 622-630
Author(s):  
Suparna Dey Daya Ram ◽  
M. Kunjaraj Singh N.Okendro Singh
Keyword(s):  
Economic Status ◽  
Simple Random Sampling ◽  
Farming System ◽  
Structured Interview ◽  
Organizational Participation ◽  
Socio Economic Status ◽  
Integrated Farming ◽  
Ex Post ◽  
Ex Post Facto ◽  
To Come

As India is facing the challenge of continuous rise in demand of agricultural production with the fixed size of land holding, it became imperative to come up with strategic approaches to meet the growing concern. Therefore, in order to achieve rural development and to alleviate the gap between demand and supply, Integrated Farming System was implemented as one of the vital tool under MGMG programme in potential areas. Keeping in view the scopes, the present study was conducted in Bishnupur District, Manipur. An Ex-post facto research design was adopted for the study. From the three villages of Bishnupur district, a total of 120 respondents were drawn following purposive and simple random sampling method. The objective of the study was to study the socio-personal profile of MGMG farmers and impact of Integrated Farming System on their socio-economic status. The data collected by using the structured interview schedule were encrypted, tabularized and analysed statistically. An analysis of the selected characteristics of the MGMG farmers revealed that majority of the farmers were middle aged small farmer educated upto high school having medium; organizational participation, farming experience, innovation proneness, risk orientation, mass media exposure, extension contact, annual income and economic motivation and they preferred radio over DAO, Bishnupur as the regularly used source of information.

scholarly journals Levelling up: Global examples of reducing health inequalities

2021 ◽  
pp. 140349482110224
Author(s):  
Clare Bambra
Keyword(s):  
Civil Rights ◽  
Health Inequalities ◽  
Health Care Access ◽  
Economic Status ◽  
Population Level ◽  
Welfare States ◽  
State Expansion ◽  
Care Access ◽  
The Social ◽  
The 1950S

There are significant inequalities in health by socio-economic status, race/ethnicity, gender, neighbourhood deprivation and other axes of social inequality. Reducing these health inequalities and improving health equity is arguably the ‘holy grail’ of public health. This article engages with this quest by presenting and analysing historical examples of when sizeable population-level reductions in health inequalities have been achieved. Five global examples are presented ranging from the 1950s to the 2000s: the Nordic social democratic welfare states from the 1950s to the 1970s; the Civil Rights Acts and War on Poverty in 1960s USA; democratisation in Brazil in the 1980s; German reunification in the 1990s; and the English health inequalities strategy in the 2000s. Welfare state expansion, improved health care access, and enhanced political incorporation are identified as three commonly held ‘levellers’ whereby health inequalities can be reduced – at scale. The article concludes by arguing that ‘levelling up’ population health through reducing health inequalities requires the long-term enactment of macro-level policies that aggressively target the social determinants of health.

State-Level Sexism and Women’s Health Care Access in the United States: Differences by Race/Ethnicity, 2014–2019

2021 ◽  
pp. e1-e10
Author(s):  
Kristen Schorpp Rapp ◽  
Vanessa V. Volpe ◽  
Hannah Neukrug
Keyword(s):  
Health Care ◽  
Health Care Access ◽  
Hispanic Women ◽  
State Level ◽  
The United States ◽  
Barriers To Health Care ◽  
Care Access ◽  
Race Ethnicity ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Barriers To Health

Objectives. To quantify racial/ethnic differences in the relationship between state-level sexism and barriers to health care access among non-Hispanic White, non-Hispanic Black, and Hispanic women in the United States. Methods. We merged a multidimensional state-level sexism index compiled from administrative data with the national Consumer Survey of Health Care Access (2014–2019; n = 10 898) to test associations between exposure to state-level sexism and barriers to access, availability, and affordability of health care. Results. Greater exposure to state-level sexism was associated with more barriers to health care access among non-Hispanic Black and Hispanic women, but not non-Hispanic White women. Affordability barriers (cost of medical bills, health insurance, prescriptions, and tests) appeared to drive these associations. More frequent need for care exacerbated the relationship between state-level sexism and barriers to care for Hispanic women. Conclusions. The relationship between state-level sexism and women’s barriers to health care access differs by race/ethnicity and frequency of needing care. Public Health Implications. State-level policies may be used strategically to promote health care equity at the intersection of gender and race/ethnicity. (Am J Public Health. Published online ahead of print September 2, 2021: e1–e10. https://doi.org/10.2105/AJPH.2021.306455 )

Sexually Transmitted Infections in the U.S. Military: A Sexual Health Paradigm to Address Risk Behaviors, Unintended Pregnancy, Alcohol Use, and Sexual Trauma

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Cherrie B Boyer ◽  
Charlotte A Gaydos ◽  
Amy B Geller ◽  
Eric C Garges ◽  
Sten H Vermund
Keyword(s):  
Health Care ◽  
Sexual Health ◽  
Health Care Access ◽  
The United States ◽  
Universal Health Care ◽  
Sexually Transmitted ◽  
Care Access ◽  
Control And Prevention ◽  
The Military ◽  
Universal Health

ABSTRACT To address the ongoing epidemic of sexually transmitted infections (STIs) in the United States, the National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine (National Academies) conducted a consensus study on STI control and prevention in the United States to provide recommendations to the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention and the National Association of County and City Health Officials. The culminating report identified military personnel as one of the priority groups that require special consideration given the high prevalence of STIs and their associated behaviors (e.g., concurrent sexual partners and infrequent condom use) that occur during active duty service. Universal health care access, the relative ease and frequency of STI screening, and the educational opportunities within the military are all assets in STI control and prevention. The report offers a comprehensive framework on multiple and interrelated influences on STI risk, prevention, health care access, delivery, and treatment. It also provides an overview of the multilevel risk and protective factors associated with STIs that could be applied using a sexual health paradigm. The military context must integrate the multilevel domains of influences to guide the effort to fill current gaps and research needs. The Department of Defense, with its large clinical and preventive medicine workforce and its well-established universal health care system, is well positioned to enact changes to shift its current approach to STI prevention, treatment, and control. STI control based on highlighting behavioral, social, cultural, and environmental influences on service members’ sexual health and wellness may well drive better STI care and prevention outcomes.

scholarly journals Population projections for all U.S. counties by age, sex, and race controlled to the Shared Socioeconomic Pathways

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mathew Hauer
Keyword(s):  
Census Data ◽  
Age Groups ◽  
The United States ◽  
Population Projections ◽  
Leslie Matrix ◽  
Ex Post ◽  
Ex Post Facto ◽  
Using Data ◽  
And Control ◽  
Cohort Change

Small area and subnational population projections are important for understanding long-term demographic changes. I provide county-level population projections by age, sex, and race in five-year intervals for the period 2015-2100 for all U.S. counties. Using historic U.S. census data in temporally rectified county boundaries and race groups for the period 1990-2015, I calculate cohort-change ratios (CCRs) and cohort-change differences (CCDs) for eighteen five-year age groups (0-85+), two sex groups (Male and Female), and four race groups (White NH, Black NH, Other NH, Hispanic) for all U.S counties. I then project these CCRs/CCDs using ARIMA models as inputs into Leslie matrix population projection models and control the projections to the Shared Socioeconomic Pathways. I validate the methods using ex-post facto evaluations using data from 1969-2000 to project 2000-2015. My results are reasonably accurate for this period. These data have numerous potential uses and can serve as inputs for addressing questions involving sub-national demographic change in the United States.

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