scholarly journals Deposition of Pesticide to the Soil and Plant Retention During Crop Spraying: The Art State

2018 ◽  
Vol 10 (12) ◽  
pp. 104 ◽  
Author(s):  
Asma Allagui ◽  
Hassouna Bahrouni ◽  
Youssef M’Sadak
Keyword(s):  
Climatic Factors ◽  
Retention Rate ◽  
Complex Problem ◽  
Climatic Conditions ◽  
Droplet Behavior ◽  
Long Time ◽  
Phytosanitary Treatment ◽  
Available Information ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Impact Of Pesticides

Environment pollution related to pesticides has been confirmed by the scientific community for a long time, but the available information on the impact of this phenomenon on human health and the ecosystem are still insufficient. Contamination of the environment can occur through various pathways, ground deposits during the application of pesticides to crops are one of those pathways. The retention rate of sprayed droplets is an important factor both for the efficacy of the phytosanitary treatment and the quantities of lost pesticides on the ground. This paper presents an overview of factors that affect spray droplet behavior, involved process in sprayed drop fate and the mainly techniques for measuring pesticide deposits to the ground and plant retention. We present studies that have focused on pesticide retention and soil deposition during crop spraying in relation to sprayer equipment, used formulation and climatic factors. Plant retention and pesticide deposits during spray is a complex problem depending mainly on physical sprayer parameters, climatic conditions, spray properties and chemical formulation. By illustrating the large variety of analytical methods during the recently years, it aims to explain that it is always possible to assess the impact of pesticides in all compartments of the environment. The use of concerned molecules and natural collectors is the safest to evaluate the real situation, but the use of tracers and artificial targets is both very reported and safety for the environment.

Impact of climatic conditions on the parameters of failure flow of military vehicles

2021 ◽  
pp. 095440702110202
Author(s):  
Nikolaj Dobrzinskij ◽  
Algimantas Fedaravicius ◽  
Kestutis Pilkauskas ◽  
Egidijus Slizys
Keyword(s):  
Climatic Factors ◽  
Armed Forces ◽  
Climatic Conditions ◽  
Operating Conditions ◽  
Technical Equipment ◽  
Factors Affecting ◽  
Military Vehicles ◽  
Equipment Reliability ◽  
Number Of Factors ◽  
The Impact

Relevance of the article is based on participation of armed forces in various operations and exercises, where reliability of machinery is one of the most important factors. Transportation of soldiers as well as completion of variety of tasks is ensured by properly functioning technical equipment. Reliability of military vehicles – armoured SISU E13TP Finnish built and HMMWV M1025 USA built were selected as the object of the article. Impact of climatic conditions on reliability of the vehicles exploited in southwestern part of the Atlantic continental forest area is researched by a case study of the vehicles exploitation under conditions of the climate of Lithuania. Reliability of military vehicles depends on a number of factors such as properties of the vehicles and external conditions of their operation. Their systems and mechanisms are influenced by a number of factors that cause different failures. Climatic conditions represent one of the factors of operating load which is directly dependent on the climate zone. Therefore, assessment of the reliability is started with the analysis of climatic factors affecting operating conditions of the vehicles. Relationship between the impact of climatic factors and failure flow of the vehicles is presented and discussed.

scholarly journals Spreading of SARS-CoV-2 in West Africa and assessment of risk factors

2020 ◽  
Vol 148 ◽  
Author(s):  
B. Tinto ◽  
S. Salinas ◽  
A. Dicko ◽  
T. S. Kagone ◽  
I. Traore ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
West Africa ◽  
Climatic Factors ◽  
Geographic Area ◽  
Climatic Conditions ◽  
Continuous Increase ◽  
The Moment ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Hospital Equipment

Abstract Although the African continent is, for the moment, less impacted than the rest of the world, it still faces the risk of a spread of COVID-19. In this study, we have conducted a systematic review of the information available in the literature in order to provide an overview of the epidemiological and clinical features of COVID-19 pandemic in West Africa and of the impact of risk factors such as comorbidities, climatic conditions and demography on the pandemic. Burkina Faso is used as a case study to better describe the situation in West Africa. The epidemiological situation of COVID-19 in West Africa is marked by a continuous increase in the numbers of confirmed cases. This geographic area had on 29 July 2020, 131 049 confirmed cases by polymerase chain reaction, 88 305 recoveries and 2102 deaths. Several factors may influence the SARS-CoV-2 circulation in Africa: (i) comorbidities: diabetes mellitus and high blood pressure could lead to an increase in the number of severe cases of SARS-CoV-2; (ii) climatic factors: the high temperatures could be a factor contributing to slow the spread of the virus and (iii) demography: the West Africa population is very young and this could be a factor limiting the occurrence of severe forms of SARS-CoV-2 infection. Although the spread of the SARS-CoV-2 epidemic in West Africa is relatively slow compared to European countries, vigilance must remain. Difficulties in access to diagnostic tests, lack of hospital equipment, but also the large number of people working in the informal sector (such as trading, businesses, transport and restoration) makes it difficult to apply preventive measures, namely physical distancing and containment.

scholarly journals Analysis of influence of climatic factors on selecting types of solar panels

2020 ◽  
Vol 2020 (2) ◽  
pp. 21-26
Author(s):  
Sergey Vladimirovich Golovko ◽  
Dmitry Anatolyevich Zadorkin
Keyword(s):  
Solar Cell ◽  
Solar Radiation ◽  
Cell Surface ◽  
Alternative Energy ◽  
Climatic Factors ◽  
Climatic Conditions ◽  
Solar Panels ◽  
Efficient Operation ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Solar Rays

The article outlines the problem of the influence of climatic factors on the efficiency of solar panels operation. Not long ago the idea of free electricity seemed incredible. However, the development of technologies rapidly progresses, and the alternative energy captures more and more supporters every day. The popularity of solar panels is growing quite rapidly, since photovoltaic converters are an efficient source of electricity. But for more efficient operation of solar cells it is necessary to create the specific conditions, taking into account the location of the unit. There have been considered the factors of more efficient operation of the photovoltaic converters: the hash climatic conditions and the intensity of solar radiation depending on the angle of reducing the impact of the solar rays onto the solar cell surface.

scholarly journals Influence of climatic conditions on the occurrence of wheel track deformation on asphalt paved roads

2021 ◽  
Vol 264 ◽  
pp. 02028
Author(s):  
Iroda Saidakberova ◽  
Sirojiddin Yadgarov ◽  
Bobomurod Qurbonov ◽  
Zulfiya Pulatova
Keyword(s):  
Climatic Factors ◽  
Climatic Conditions ◽  
Dynamic Force ◽  
The Road ◽  
Transverse Dynamic ◽  
Road Pavement ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Track Deformation ◽  
Wheel Track ◽  
Repeated Loads

When the car moves, a vertical, longitudinal and transverse dynamic force is generated, where there is a link between the road cover and the wheel. Repeated loads from vehicles and the impact of climatic factors lead to deformation in the pavement and pavement of the road. In deformation and deformation, the geometric dimensions and durability of the road pavement are lost. Disturbances-loss of dimensions and loss of durability of parts of the construction is understood. In practice, all types of deformation and distortion are often regarded as a drawback of road conditions [1].

scholarly journals Assessing the Impact of a Distance-Based Spatial Factor on Retention in the U.S. Colleges

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (9) ◽  
pp. 508
Author(s):  
Serkan Varol ◽  
Serkan Catma
Keyword(s):  
Higher Education ◽  
Student Retention ◽  
Postsecondary Education ◽  
Metropolitan Area ◽  
Retention Rate ◽  
Complex Problem ◽  
Institutional Perspective ◽  
Spatial Factor ◽  
The Impact ◽  
The U.S

Student retention is a wide-reaching issue that causes a concern to postsecondary institutions and policy-makers. This research aimed to examine the impact of a geo-spatial factor—distance to the closest metropolitan area—on student retention from a multi-institutional perspective, through the data collected from the Integrated Postsecondary Education Data System (2017) of the U.S. Department of Education. Using the K-means clustering technique, 329 geographically dispersed higher education institutions with similar characteristics were identified. A spatial lag model was adopted to account for spatial autocorrelation detected within the dataset. A series of hierarchical regression was then conducted to measure how well the spatial variable explained student retention rate after accounting for institutional level attributes. The student retention rate was found to decrease as a university is located away from the closest metropolitan area. This finding has crucial policy and administrative implications if analyzed within the context of rural–urban discrepancies in higher education. Extending the spatial scope of retention analysis is an important step in accurately determining the set of factors that provides a better understanding of this complex problem.

Natural environment and human activity

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Viktor Hodakov
Keyword(s):  
Information Security ◽  
Eastern Europe ◽  
Natural Environment ◽  
Information Technologies ◽  
Climatic Factors ◽  
Human Life ◽  
Climatic Conditions ◽  
The State ◽  
Economic Systems ◽  
The Impact

The monograph describes the influence of the natural environment and its natural and climatic conditions on human life and socio-economic systems, which are considered as regions, territories of Eastern Europe. The natural and climatic factors (PCFs) characterizing the natural environment of Eastern Europe (Russia and Ukraine) and Western (England and France) are considered. Eastern Europe is in the zone of negative PCFs, close to critical. The influence of the PCF on the vital activity of the state and man is systematically described: mentality, systemic thinking, human health, ensuring the safety of life, sustainability of development, agricultural production, housing and communal services, construction, industry, information security, parrying of the PCF, the influence of the PCF on the development of science and education. Climate change trends at the global and regional levels are also described. Estimates of the impact of the PCF on the economy of the state and regions, recommendations on the adaptation of the economy to the PCF, the relationship of information security and information about the PCF, information technologies for assessing the sustainability of development and investment attractiveness of territories, conceptual foundations of state anti-crisis management of socio-economic systems are presented. It is intended for researchers, teachers, postgraduates, students specializing in the field of life safety, computer ecological and economic monitoring. It can be used to educate society in the field of the natural environment and its natural and climatic conditions.

Towards Food Security: the Prediction of Climatic Factors in Nigeria using Random Forest Approach

2021 ◽  
pp. 70-81
Author(s):  
Charity Ojochogwu Egbunu ◽  
Matthew Tunde Ogedengbe ◽  
Terungwa Simon Yange ◽  
Terlumun Gbaden ◽  
Malik Adeiza Rufai ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Food Security ◽  
Random Forest ◽  
Food Insecurity ◽  
Food Production ◽  
Negative Impact ◽  
Climatic Factors ◽  
Climatic Conditions ◽  
Random Forest Algorithm ◽  
The Sustainable Development ◽  
The Impact

With the explosive growth in the world’s population which has little or no corresponding rise in the food production, food insecurity has become eminent, and hence, the need to seek for opportunities to increase food production in order to cater for this population is paramount. The second goal of the Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) (i.e., ending hunger, achieving food security and improved nutrition, and promoting sustainable agriculture) set by the United Nations (UN) for the year 2030 clearly acknowledged this fact. Improving food production cannot be achieved using the obsolete conventional methods of agriculture by our farmers; hence, this study focuses on developing a model for predicting climatic conditions with a view to reducing their negative impact, and boosting the yield of crop. Temperature, wind, humidity and rainfall were considered as the effect of these factors is more devastating in Nigeria as compared to sun light which is always in abundance. We implemented random forest algorithm using Python programming language to predict the aforementioned climate parameters. The data used was gotten from the Nigerian Meteorological (NiMet) Agency, Lokoja, Kogi State between 1988 and 2018. The result shows that random forest algorithm is effective in climate prediction as the accuracy from the model based on the climatic factors considered was 94.64%. With this, farmers would be able to plan ahead to prevent the impact of the fluctuations in these climatic factors; thus, the yield of crops would be increased. This would dwarf the negative impact of food insecurity to the populace.

scholarly journals Qualitative Study on the Observations of Emissions, Transport and the Influence of Climatic Factors from Sugarcane Burning: A South African Perspective

2021 ◽  
Vol 18 (14) ◽  
pp. 7672
Author(s):  
Lerato Shikwambana ◽  
Xolile Ncipha ◽  
Sivakumar Kandasami Sangeetha ◽  
Venkataraman Sivakumar ◽  
Paidamwoyo Mhangara
Keyword(s):  
Temporal Change ◽  
Climatic Factors ◽  
Climatic Conditions ◽  
Atmospheric Pollutant ◽  
Sugarcane Crop ◽  
Sugarcane Farming ◽  
Dry Conditions ◽  
African Perspective ◽  
Carbon Dioxide Co2 ◽  
The Impact

There are two methods of harvesting sugarcane—manual or mechanical. Manual harvesting requires the burning of the standing sugarcane crop. Burning of the crop results in the emission of aerosols and harmful trace gases into the atmosphere. This work makes use of a long-term dataset (1980–2019) to study (1) the atmospheric spatial and vertical distribution of pollutants; (2) the spatial distribution and temporal change of biomass emissions; and (3) the impact/influence of climatic factors on temporal change in atmospheric pollutant loading and biomass emissions over the Mpumalanga and KwaZulu Natal provinces in South Africa, where sugarcane farming is rife. Black carbon (BC) and sulfur dioxide (SO2) are two dominant pollutants in the JJA and SON seasons due to sugarcane burning. Overall, there was an increasing trend in the emissions of BC, SO2, and carbon dioxide (CO2) from 1980 to 2019. Climatic conditions, such as warm temperature, high wind speed, dry conditions in the JJA, and SON season, favor the intensity and spread of the fire, which is controlled. The emitted pollutants are transported to neighboring countries and can travel over the Atlantic Ocean, as far as ~6600 km from the source site.

scholarly journals Implementasi Keterlibatan Mahasiswa Dalam Analisis Mengenai Dampak Lingkungan Hidup Sebagai Perwujudan Kesadaran Lingkungan

2020 ◽  
Vol 4 (2) ◽  
pp. 16
Author(s):  
Marlina Dea Nur Cahyanti ◽  
Rika Putri Handriyanti ◽  
Kris Yunianto ◽  
Anita Trisiana
Keyword(s):  
Air Pollution ◽  
Raw Materials ◽  
Human Life ◽  
Complex Problem ◽  
Environmental Benefits ◽  
Monetary Policies ◽  
Long Time ◽  
The Government ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Suitable Environment

The analysts the impact of environmental the is a study on the impact of positive or negative of a project plans , used by the government to decide whether activities and projects were suitable environment .The purpose of the report is to ensure an activity and projects can run sustainable without damaging environment . Because with the amdal expected an activity and projects can use or manage natural resources effectively and efficient by means of maximize the impact of positive and minimize the impact of out the negatives . A huge amount of damage and environmental benefits when it is getting really bad for example , the damage to coral reefs , result of water pollution , air pollution as well as , are prone to air pollution caused by garbage during this complex. As some say it is also a form of human behaviour that is not satisfied and did not keep environment optimally. Progress is being made in the technology and discovery the odor of at the time of this covenant averse from its very for the survival of human life .All activities more is easy to do and is practically , but the utilization of the invention that unlocked drawn too much to the survey specifically in plastic that yet they created to accommodate an object the aga is easy to carry every where , and it will make hill corruption caused by monetary policies clean up the trash that the part of a car , and electronic . Since the 1950s plastic becomes an important part of in human life .Plastic used as raw materials for packaging , textile , bag, excelent of plastic that praktis , wanna , easy to find and also muah is facto sector-wide policy man surroundings chemicals that give rise to a complex problem .about emerge when disadai that plastic is not tedegadasi even though i was tependam inside the ground in a period of a very long time .From it then sevagai pollution response by the presence of a student to be garbage , students should be an example and reformer for the environment around .

scholarly journals The Influence of Natural Climatic Factors on the Geomechanical Properties of Siliceous Lime Stones from Kazimierz Dolny (Poland)

2016 ◽  
Vol 33 (2) ◽  
pp. 103-110 ◽  
Author(s):  
Joanna Pinińska ◽  
Alicja Bobrowska ◽  
Dominik Łukasiak
Keyword(s):  
Thermal Shock ◽  
High Resistance ◽  
Compression Strength ◽  
Time Scale ◽  
Climatic Factors ◽  
Residential Buildings ◽  
Good Condition ◽  
Geomechanical Properties ◽  
Long Time ◽  
The Impact

Abstract Based on the example opoka, stone architecture of Kazimierz Dolny, modern research methods were applied to an anal y sis of geomechanical qualities of this special rock, selected very efficiently by medieval, local builders. Owing to theirs skill and the qualities of the chosen material, fortifications, religious and residential buildings have been preserved in good condition to the present day. It was analysed what factors of the opoka aging are the most responsible for their destruction resistance in the long time scale. The results of studies indicate that opokas have an in creased ability to reduce the uni axial compression strength due to the impact of cycling freezing and thermal shock. This observation shows that opokas are characterized by a high resistance to humidity.

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