scholarly journals The frequency of select adaptation disorders in preterm newborns

2021 ◽  
Vol 14 (SUPPLEMENT 1) ◽  
pp. 1-7
Author(s):  
Lucyna Sochocka
Keyword(s):  
Regional Hospital ◽  
Preterm Newborn ◽  
Preterm Baby ◽  
Respiratory Disorders ◽  
Respiratory Problems ◽  
Surfactant Activity ◽  
Respiratory Gases ◽  
Developed World ◽  
Type Of Delivery ◽  
Preterm Newborns

Background: Preterm birth, defined as the birth of an infant before 37 complete weeks of gestation, is the single major cause of death and disability in children up to 5 years of age in the developed world. Aim of the study: The study aimed at analyzing select adaptation disorders in newborns delivered between 34–37 weeks of gestation and in particular, (1) determining the frequency of breathing, thermoregulatory, hypoglycemic and pathological hepatic disorders, and (2) examining underlying factors that determine their incidence. Material and methods: The study was carried out according to the documentoscopy on the basis of medical files collected between 2019–2020 at the Neonatal and Preterm Baby Unit in WS SPZOZ (the regional hospital) in Nowa Sól. The records of 102 preterm newborn patients were examined, which included the birth book, detailed newborn observation charts, fever charts and individual patient observation charts. Results: The most commonly diagnosed disorders included hepatitis (21.6%; 50) and thermoregulation disorders (20.3%; 47). Additionally, hypoglycemia and tachypnea were observed in every third child (31.4% and 29.4%, respectively) and almost every fourth newborn experienced some respiratory disorders (23.5%). Among the findings, maternal and gestational age were not found to be statistically significant with respect to an association with the incidence of the disorders examined in the study. However, hepatitis was more frequently diagnosed among naturally born children (64.5%) compared with those delivered by Cesarean (C) section (42.3%, p=0.039). Respiratory disorders were more often found in children delivered by C-section (21.1%) than in those born naturally (3.2%, p=0.022). Conclusions: Hepatitis and thermoregulatory disorders occurred most frequently in preterm infants of all the adaptation disorders examined. The type of delivery was quite determinant for some of the disorders. Hepatitis was found more often in naturally born babies than in those delivered by C-section, whereas respiratory problems occurred more frequently in children delivered by C-section compared with those delivered naturally. Mothers who wish to deliver their babies by C-section should be informed about potential complications associated with the occurrence of respiratory disorders. They can stem from the absorption of pulmonary liquid and inappropriate surfactant activity, which can lead to some serious abnormalities related to the improper exchange of respiratory gases.

scholarly journals Antioxidant Strategies and Respiratory Disease of the Preterm Newborn: An Update

2014 ◽  
Vol 2014 ◽  
pp. 1-10 ◽  
Author(s):  
Chiara Poggi ◽  
Carlo Dani
Keyword(s):  
Lung Damage ◽  
Preterm Newborn ◽  
Beneficial Effects ◽  
Melatonin Administration ◽  
Targeted Treatments ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Nonenzymatic Antioxidants ◽  
Respiratory Outcomes ◽  
Preterm Newborns

Preterm newborns are challenged by an excessive oxidative burden, as a result of several perinatal stimuli, as intrauterine infections, resuscitation, mechanical ventilation, and postnatal complications, in the presence of immature antioxidant capacities. “Oxygen radical disease of neonatology” comprises a wide range of conditions sharing a common pathway of pathogenesis and includes bronchopulmonary dysplasia (BPD) and other main complications of prematurity. Antioxidant strategies may be beneficial in the prevention and treatment of oxidative stress- (OS-) related lung disease of the preterm newborn. Endotracheal supplementation or lung-targeted overexpression of superoxide dismutase was proved to reduce lung damage in several models; however, the supplementation in preterm newborn failed to reduce the risk of BPD, although long-term respiratory outcomes were improved. Also melatonin administration to small cohorts of preterm newborns suggested beneficial effects on lung OS. The possibility to identify single nucleotide polymorphism affecting the risk of BPD may help to identify specific populations with particularly high risk of OS-related diseases and may pose the basis for individually targeted treatments. Finally, surfactant replacement may lead to local anti-inflammatory and antioxidant effects, thanks to specific enzymatic and nonenzymatic antioxidants naturally present in animal surfactants.

Preterm newborn adaptive responses to daily nursing, during NICU stay, associate with the neurodevelopment, two years later

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Stefano Bembich ◽  
Francesco Maria Risso ◽  
Nicoleta Stan ◽  
Domitilla Lamba ◽  
Carolina Banova ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Preterm Newborn ◽  
Adaptive Responses ◽  
Very Preterm ◽  
Autonomic Motor ◽  
Postmenstrual Age ◽  
Preterm Babies ◽  
Positive Correlations ◽  
Spearman’S Correlation ◽  
Preterm Newborns ◽  
Bayley Scales

Objective: To evaluate if adaptive responses of very preterm newborns to NICU daily nursing, specifically bathing and weighing procedures, are associated with their neurodevelopment two years later. Study design: Twenty-six very preterm newborns, with a gestational age < 32 weeks, were enrolled. Infants' adaptive responses to daily nursing were evaluated, at 30-32-35 postmenstrual age (PMA) weeks, by an observational sheet. Neurodevelopment was assessed, at 24 months of corrected age, by the Bayley Scales of Infant and Toddler Development, third edition. Autonomic, motor, and self-regulatory responses to NICU nursing were analyzed, by Spearman's correlation coefficient and multivariate linear regression, with Bayley’s cognitive, language, and motor scales. Results: Significant (P < 0.05) positive correlations of self-regulatory and autonomic responses to nursing with all Bailey’s scales were found at 30- and 32-weeks PMA. At 35 weeks PMA, only self-regulatory responses had significant positive correlations with all Bailey’s scales. When adjusted for birth weight and sex, the significant associations were confirmed only at 30- and 32-weeks PMA. Conclusion: Very preterm newborn adaptive responses to NICU daily nursing reveal to be positively related to forthcoming neurodevelopment two years later, as early as the 30th week PMA. Helping preterm babies to adapt to daily NICU nursing may promote their future neurobeahaviour.

scholarly journals Contribution of the Newborn Behavioral Observations (NBO) for the maternal care of preterm neonates

2017 ◽  
Vol 27 (3) ◽  
pp. 262
Author(s):  
Erika Silva Dittz ◽  
Claudia Regina Lindgren Alves ◽  
Elysângela Dittz Duarte ◽  
Lívia De Castro Magalhães
Keyword(s):  
Content Analysis ◽  
Qualitative Study ◽  
Maternal Care ◽  
Participant Observation ◽  
Preterm Neonates ◽  
Preterm Newborn ◽  
Structured Interviews ◽  
Daily Care ◽  
Behavioral Observations ◽  
Preterm Newborns

Introduction: In the care of preterm newborn, practices that favor the participation of mothers in care are recommended. The use of appropriate instruments by professionals can contribute to strengthen maternal participation.Objective: To analyse the contributions of the use of the Newborn Behavioral Observations (NBO) for the maternal care of preterm neonates.Methods: Descriptive qualitative study, using participant observation and semi-structured interviews with 14 mothers of preterm newborns who underwent NBO. Data was submitted to content analysis, assinted by the software MAXQda 12.Results: It was found that the mothers' prior perceptions of the newborn´s capacities or how they react to environmental stimuli do not differ from what was observed and reported by them after NBO. However, it was verified that NBO confirms this perception and broadens the mothers' understanding of the meaning of the newborn's behavior. Participating in the NBO helped the mothers to identify strategies to find the needs of the newborn, qualifying the care already performed by them and opening new possibilities for maternal care.Conclusions: The NBO is an instrument that favors the mother's learning about the behavior of the newborn and contributes to the construction of practices with potential to be used by them within daily care. This allows us to consider it as a tool that favors the mother-baby relationship, contributes to the mother's participation in the care, and supports the mother in the construction of her autonomy for the continuity of the newborn's care after hospital discharge.

scholarly journals The Corelation of Compliance to Use PPE (Mask) and The Event of Respiratory Disorders in Workers in Bukit Kapur Jaddih, Parseh Village, Socah District, Bangkalan Regency

2021 ◽  
Vol 8 (3) ◽  
pp. 355-359
Author(s):  
Ervi Suminar ◽  
Nurun Nikmah ◽  
Levi Tina Sari ◽  
Wahyu Wibisono
Keyword(s):  
Sampling Technique ◽  
Simple Random Sampling ◽  
Working Environment ◽  
P Value ◽  
Protective Equipment ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Respiratory Disorders ◽  
Respiratory Problems ◽  
Cross Sectional Design ◽  
Limestone Dust

The process of limestone mining will resulted in limestone dust on the working environment. This can lead to inhalation of the limestone dust which can cause respiratory problems.The type of the research was analytic with Cross Sectional design. The population was all workers in Bukit Kapur Jaddih, Parseh Village, Socah District; 52 workers. The sample was 45 workers taken by simple random sampling technique. The independent variable was compliance to use mask protective equipment, while the dependent variable was respiratory disorders. The data was collected by questionnaires and observation physical observation.  The data was analyzed using Lambda test, with α= 0.05.The results of the research showed that workers who did not use PPE (masks) were 35 workers (77.8%), who experienced respiratory problems were  39 workers (86.7%), and 6 workers (13.3%) did not experience respiratory problems. The lambda test results p Value of 0.073>α (0.05) meant that H0 was accepted and H1 was rejected. The compliance to use personal protective equipment (masks) and the presence of respiratory problems showed no correlation. For this reason, workers must continue to use masks while working to protect themselves from the effects of occupational breathing (lime dust).

Comparison of Fenton Versus Intergrowth-21 Growth Charts for Preterm Neonates

2021 ◽  
Vol 35 (3) ◽  
pp. 131-137
Author(s):  
Dipen Vasudev Patel ◽  
Vaishali Upadhyay ◽  
Ajay G. Phatak ◽  
Biraj Thakker ◽  
Somashekhar M. Nimbalkar
Keyword(s):  
Growth Parameters ◽  
Preterm Neonates ◽  
Growth Charts ◽  
Anthropometric Parameters ◽  
Z Scores ◽  
Gestational Age At Birth ◽  
Developed World ◽  
Diverse Nations ◽  
Preterm Newborns

Background: Fenton charts from developed world are commonly used for growth assessment of preterm newborns. Recently prescribed Intergrowth-21 (IG-21) charts look more promising as they include mixed population from economically diverse nations. Objective: We compared IG-21 with Fenton charts for birth size classification and extrauterine growth in preterm infants. Study design: A prospective collection of growth parameters. Participants: Preterm newborns (<37 weeks). Intervention: Weight (W), length (L), and head circumference (HC) were collected at weekly interval during the stay as well as follow-up. Outcomes: Growth of preterm newborns at birth and last follow-up was assessed using Fenton and IG-21 charts. Agreement between Fenton and IG-21 for percentiles and z-scores of growth parameters was assessed using Bland-Altman plot. Results: A total of 301 preterm newborns were enrolled in the study. Mean (standard deviation [SD]) gestational age at birth was 34.08 (1.84) weeks, while at last follow-up (N = 296) it was 37.62 (1.85) weeks. The mean (SD) of birth W, L, and HC were 1889.24 (418.9) g, 44.69 (3.03) cm, and 30.6 (1.84) cm, respectively, while for last follow-up, they were 2114.76 (397.7) g, 47.64 (2.97) cm, and 32.65 (1.7) cm, respectively. The agreement of z-score/percentile between the 2 growth charts was not good for all the anthropometric parameters. Overall, Fenton reported more intrauterine (42.9% vs 36.9%) and extrauterine (92.9% vs 73%) growth restriction as compared to IG-21. Conclusion: The agreement between the 2 charts was poor. More proportions of the preterm population were growth restricted using Fenton charts.

Kernicterus in Preterm Newborns: Past, Present, and Future

PEDIATRICS ◽  
1992 ◽  
Vol 90 (5) ◽  
pp. 707-715
Author(s):  
Jon F. Watchko ◽  
Frank A. Oski
Keyword(s):  
Intensive Care ◽  
Low Risk ◽  
Standards Of Care ◽  
Preterm Newborn ◽  
Historical Overview ◽  
Premature Newborns ◽  
The 1950S ◽  
Preterm Newborns ◽  
Current Standards

This historical overview of kernicterus in prematurity, from the 1950s to the present, provides a unique perspective on this clinical conundrum. Three separate periods of pediatric history are detailed in relationship to our understanding of kernicterus in the preterm newborn: (1) the pre-intensive care era (1950 to 1965); (2) the low bilirubin kernicterus era (1965 to 1982); and (3) the 1980s. Each period demonstrates selected insights regarding kernicterus in prematurity, and together with recent reports suggest that premature newborns are now at extremely low risk of developing kernicterus when managed using current standards of care. However, the current conservative empiric guidelines for preventing kernicterus are questioned, and it is suggested that additional study is needed to clarify this issue in the 1990s.

scholarly journals Effects of caffeine and/or nasal CPAP treatment on laryngeal chemoreflexes in preterm lambs

2013 ◽  
Vol 114 (5) ◽  
pp. 637-646 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nadia Boudaa ◽  
Nathalie Samson ◽  
Vincent Carrière ◽  
Pamela Samanta Germim ◽  
Jean-Charles Pasquier ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Airway Pressure ◽  
Positive Airway Pressure ◽  
Current Knowledge ◽  
Systemic Arterial Pressure ◽  
Electromyographic Activity ◽  
Preterm Newborn ◽  
Ovine Model ◽  
Quiet Sleep ◽  
Normal Gestation ◽  
Preterm Newborns

Current knowledge suggests that laryngeal chemoreflexes (LCR) are involved in the occurrence of certain neonatal apneas/bradycardias, especially in the preterm newborn. While caffeine and/or nasal continuous positive airway pressure (nCPAP) are the most frequent options used for treating apneas in preterm newborns, their effects on LCR-related apneas/bradycardias are virtually unknown. The aim of the present study was to test the hypothesis that caffeine and/or nCPAP decreases LCR-related cardiorespiratory inhibition in a preterm ovine model. Seven preterm lambs were born vaginally on gestational day 133 (normal gestation: 147 days) after intramuscular injections of betamethasone and mifepristone. Five days after birth, a chronic surgical instrumentation was performed to record states of alertness, electrocardiogram, systemic arterial pressure, and electromyographic activity of a laryngeal constrictor muscle, as well as to insert a transcutaneous supraglottal catheter. LCR were induced in quiet sleep under four conditions: 1) control (without caffeine or nCPAP); 2) nCPAP (5 cmH2O, without caffeine); 3) caffeine (10 mg/kg infused intravenously for 30 min, without nCPAP); and 4) nCPAP + caffeine. Our results showed that nCPAP consistently blunted LCR-related cardiorespiratory inhibition vs. control condition, contrary to caffeine whose overall effect was nonsignificant. In addition, nCPAP condition was characterized by a more consistent and rapid arousal after HCl injection. No significant differences were observed between all tested conditions with regard to swallowing and cough. It is concluded that nCPAP should be further assessed for its usefulness in treating neonatal apneas linked to LCR.

scholarly journals HUBUNGAN LAMA KERJA DENGAN KELUHAN GANGGUAN PERNAPASAN PADA PUMULUNG DI TPA SEI GILING KOTA TEBING TINGGI

2020 ◽  
Vol 2 (2) ◽  
pp. 151-155
Author(s):  
Delita Br Panjaitan ◽  
Taufik Ashar ◽  
Nurmaini .
Keyword(s):  
Quantitative Research ◽  
Sampling Technique ◽  
P Value ◽  
Chi Square ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Respiratory Disorders ◽  
Respiratory Problems ◽  
Work Duration ◽  
Chi Square Test ◽  
Relationship Of

Complaints of respiratory disorders are a sign of a disease that attacks the respiratory system that can occur for everyone. One of the factors that can affect someone experiencing complaints of respiratory distress is the length of time someone is exposed to a substance or objects in the work environment. Scavengers are one of the workers who are directly exposed to dangerous odors or gases that can cause complaints of respiratory problems. This study aims to determine the relationship of work duration with complaints of respiratory disorders in scavengers in Sei Giling Landfill in Tebing Tinggi City. This type of research is quantitative research with an analytic survey approach, using a cross sectional research design. This study uses a total sampling technique of 50 scavengers. Analysis of the data used is the Chi Square test. The results showed that there was a relationship between length of work (p value = 0.003) with complaints of respiratory disorders. Expected to scavengers to reduce exposure time at landfill and use personal protective equipment while in landfill.

scholarly journals KEBIASAAN MEROKOK, PENGGUNAAN APD, DAN GANGGUAN PERNAPASAN PEKERJA GUDANG SEMEN TIGA RODA BENGKULU

2018 ◽  
Vol 10 (1) ◽  
pp. 025-030
Author(s):  
Sulthanah Utami
Keyword(s):  
Human Lung ◽  
Research Problem ◽  
Descriptive Study ◽  
Bivariate Analysis ◽  
Protective Equipment ◽  
Respiratory Disorders ◽  
Respiratory Problems ◽  
Breathing Disorders ◽  
Warehouse Workers ◽  
Job Site

Respiratory disorders are human lung function damage due to blockage of therespiratory tract by dust respiratory disorders. The research problem is the high smokingand lack of PPE in cement warehouse workers. The purpose of research known relationshipof smoking habits and personal protective equipment (PPE) with respiratory distresson three wheels cement warehouse worker Bengkulu. Type a descriptive study usingcross sectional approach. Subjects consisted of 35 respondents. Data were collected byquestionnaire directly to the job site. Univariate and bivariate analysis with Chi-squaretest. The results of data analysis showed that the value of ρ = 0.001 (ρ ˂ 0,005) smoking(81.0%) there is a link cigarette smoking with breathing disorders, the value ρ = 0.011 (ρ˃ 0,005) did not wear PPE (72%) there is no relationship APD with respiratory disorders.Suggested workers using PPE in the form of a mask while working or while in the surroundingarea cement storage warehouse. The company also advised medical check up onworkers to control the physical condition of workers so that the worker is known to havesuffered respiratory problems.

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