scholarly journals Deminutywność, symilatywność i tautologia słowotwórcza w języku doby średniopolskiej (na materiale ze słownika M.A. Troca)

2021 ◽  
Vol LXXVII (77) ◽  
pp. 193-209
Author(s):  
MAREK KASZEWSKI
Keyword(s):  
Foreign Language ◽  
18Th Century ◽  
Word Formation ◽  
Input Language ◽  
The Real ◽  
Linguistic Awareness ◽  
Real Functions ◽  
Polish Language ◽  
High Level

W tekście podejmowana jest problematyka ograniczeń procesu kategoryzacji klas derywatów deminutywnych oraz symilatywnych w dobie średniopolskiej. Celem opracowania było wskazanie potencjalnych przyczyn blokowania procesów kategoryzacyjnych klas historycznych deminutywów oraz symilatywów. W zakresie metodologii i ustaleń terminologicznych wykorzystano osiągnięcia tzw. „katowickiej szkoły słowotwórstwa historycznego”. Głównym źródłem materiału leksykalnego stał się trójjęzyczny dykcjonarz M.A. Troca z 1764 roku (jego III tom, z polszczyzną jako językiem wyjściowym). Świadomość lingwistyczna autora tego słownika, przejawiająca się w sposobie organizacji wyrażeń hasłowych oraz doboru ekwiwalentów wraz z definicjami, rzuciła nowe światło na sposób identyfikowania kategorii deminutywów, symilatywów, a także formacji tautologicznych przez dawnych użytkowników języka. Okazało się, że w drugiej połowie XVIII wieku żadna z tych klas nie wykrystalizowała swoich dominant, zaś czynnikiem, który mógł podtrzymywać ten stan, była obecność w języku znacznej liczby derywatów tautologicznych względem podstawy, budowanych z udziałem wielofunkcyjnych formantów z podstawowymi sufiksalnymi spółgłoskami -k- i -c-. Diminutivity, similativity and word-formation tautology in Middle Polish (illustrated with data from M.A. Troc’s Dictionary) Summary: The text deals with the limitations of the categorization process of the classes of diminutive and similative derivatives in Middle Polish. The aim of the study was to identify the potential reasons for the blocking of the categorization processes of the historical classes of diminutives and similatives. The methodology and terminology used in the paper follows the achievements of the so-called “Katowice school of historical word-formation”. The 1764 trilingual dictionary by M.A. Troc (Volume 3, with Polish as the input language) was the main source of lexical material. Based on the analysis of the presented material, one can conclude that the linguistic awareness of the lexicographer, manifested through the organization of dictionary entries and the choice of foreign equivalents and their definitions, may shed a new light on the categorical system of historical derivatives. In lack of sufficient Polish-language contexts, the translational character of lexicographic sources lets us gain information about the semantic and stylistic value of Polish lexical units on the basis of their foreign equivalents or their foreign-language definitions provided by dictionaries. The category of diminutive names in the second half of the 18th century did not yet crystallize its dominants, and the class of similative names had a similar formal and semantic status. Both classes constituted products of sets that contained derivative units, assuming a diminishing or similative function. The factor that inhibited the process of the crystallization of the dominants in the mentioned classes was the extremely high level of word-formation tautology, which did not allow language users to identify the real functions of multifunctional formants with the basic consonants -k- and -c-.

scholarly journals ELEKTRONICZNY KORPUS TEKSTÓW POLSKICH Z XVII I XVIII W. – PROBLEMY TEORETYCZNE I WARSZTATOWE

2020 ◽  
pp. 32-51
Author(s):  
Włodzimierz Gruszczyński ◽  
Dorota Adamiec ◽  
Renata Bronikowska ◽  
Aleksandra Wieczorek
Keyword(s):  
Natural Language Processing ◽  
Foreign Language ◽  
Natural Language ◽  
Language Processing ◽  
18Th Century ◽  
Text Representation ◽  
Grammatical Structure ◽  
Historical Material ◽  
Polish Language ◽  
National Corpus

Electronic Corpus of 17th- and 18th-century Polish Texts – theoretical and workshop problems Summary This paper presents the Electronic Corpus of 17th- and 18th-century Polish Texts (KorBa) – a large (13.5-million), annotated historical corpus available online. Its creation was modelled on the assumptions of the National Corpus of Polish (NKJP), yet the specifi c nature of the historical material enforced certain modifi cations of the solutions applied in NKJP, e.g. two forms of text representation (transliteration and transcription) were introduced, the principle of designating foreign-language fragments was adopted, and the tagset was adapted to the description of the grammatical structure of the Middle Polish language. The texts collected in KorBa are diversified in chronological, geographical, stylistic, and thematic terms although, due to e.g. limited access to the material, the postulate of representativeness and sustainability of the corpus was not fully implemented. The work on the corpus was to a large extent automated as a result of using natural language processing tools. Keywords: electronic text corpus – historical corpus – 17th-18th-century Polish – natural language processing

scholarly journals POLONISMS IN SUBDIALECTS OF REGION, TERNOPIL OBLAST

2021 ◽  
Vol 1 (11(79)) ◽  
pp. 140-143
Author(s):  
Oksana Novitska
Keyword(s):  
Foreign Language ◽  
Word Formation ◽  
Close Connection ◽  
Slavic Languages ◽  
European Languages ◽  
Cultural Conditions ◽  
Number Of Factors ◽  
Polish Language ◽  
Characteristic Features

The article analyzes the names of food and kitchen appliances from the Polish language used in the sub-dialectal speech of the inhabitants of Pidhaitsi region. Their semantics, etymology, functioning, peculiarities of word-formation have been determined. The correlation of the surveyed sub-dialects with other European languages and Ukrainian sub-dialects has been determined. The study of the names of food and kitchen appliances in the sub-dialects of Pidhaitsi region suggests that the vocabulary of the sub-dialects is rich in lexis borrowed from other languages, and in archaic elements and has a close connection with the lexis of neighboring languages and their dialects. Borrowing from different languages took place at different times, it is conditioned by a number of factors, among which the most important are the historical, socio-economic, political and cultural conditions of the development of Pidhaitsi region. The Polish language is one of the neighboring Slavic languages, which had one of the most powerful influences on the Ukrainian language. Borrowing foreign language vocabulary was not always straightforward. By the medium of the Polish language, Pidhaitsi region sub-dialects contain a lot of borrowings from other European languages. Pidhaitsi region sub-dialects are the central part of the Naddnistriansk dialect and to a certain extent represent the characteristic features of sub-dialects of Naddnistriansk dialect of the southwestern dialect.

scholarly journals Jak dzieci/młodzież z głębszą niepełnosprawnością intelektualną kodują formacje słowotwórcze (na przykładzie kategorii nazw narzędzi)

2018 ◽  
pp. 219-238
Author(s):  
RENATA MARCINIAK-FIRADZA
Keyword(s):  
Intellectual Disability ◽  
Cognitive Development ◽  
Children And Adolescents ◽  
Word Formation ◽  
Linguistic Competence ◽  
Linguistic Awareness ◽  
Severe Intellectual Disability ◽  
Polish Language ◽  
Adam Mickiewicz

Renata Marciniak-Firadza, Coding of word formation structures by children/adolescents with deeper intellectual disability (on the example of the category of the tool names), Interdisciplinary Contexts of Special Pedagogy, No. 22, Poznań 2018. Pp. 215–235 Adam Mickiewicz University Press. ISSN 2300-391X. DOI: https://doi.org/10.14746/ikps.2018.22.13 Word formation plays an important role in the child’s linguistic and cognitive development, because the ability to interpret word formation structures and active use of the knowledge of derivation rules are the most important manifestations of linguistic competence at the lexical level. The aim of the article is a linguistic interpretation of selected names of tools obtained from children and adolescents aged 6–19 with diagnosed moderate and severe intellectual disability.. In the article, the author would like to draw attention first of all to the existence of word-formation structures in the linguistic awareness of children / adolescents and to the fact whether newly formed words are created in accordance with word-formation patterns existing inthe Polish language or they diverge from these patterns.

scholarly journals Language awareness of participants of state certificate examinations in Polish as a foreign language (selected issues)

2021 ◽  
Vol 28 ◽  
pp. 163-174
Author(s):  
Anna Burzyńska-Kamieniecka
Keyword(s):  
Foreign Language ◽  
Social Relations ◽  
The Other ◽  
Language Awareness ◽  
Language System ◽  
Linguistic Awareness ◽  
Cultural Terms ◽  
Polish Language ◽  
The University ◽  
The Impact

The article presents the results of a survey on the linguistic awareness of participants of state certificate examinations in Polish as a foreign language. The survey was taken by those foreigners who passed the certificate examinations at the University of Wrocław in May 2018 (B1, B2 and C1 levels). The analysis of the survey material shows that the language awareness of the participants of the certificate exams is complex, and its functioning can be described in two basic aspects — competence and convictional. The competence aspect includes linguistic awareness based on recognising the need to know the components of the Polish language system and the resulting communicative effectiveness of utterances. The convictional aspect, on the other hand, relates to consciousness in sociolinguistic terms (the impact of the certificate on social relations) and consciousness in anthropological and cultural terms (revealed in comments on the knowledge of Polish language as a desired value).

scholarly journals Terminologia medyczna w Nowym dykcjonarzu Michała Abrahama Troca na tle źródeł z XVI i XVII wieku.

2020 ◽  
Vol 2020 (5/2020(774)) ◽  
pp. 76-87
Author(s):  
Beata Kuryłowicz
Keyword(s):  
Human Activity ◽  
18Th Century ◽  
Word Formation ◽  
Medical Terminology ◽  
Medical Terms ◽  
Medical Vocabulary ◽  
Polish Language ◽  
Relevant Material

In this paper, 74 medical terms excerpted from Nowy dykcjonarz (New dictionary) by Michał Abraham Trotz were subject to semantic and formal analyses. The relevant material was presented in the context of the medical lexis being in operation in the 16th and 17th centuries and confronted with the medical vocabulary present in the study by W. Bystrzonowski titled Informacya matematyczna (Mathematical information) of 1749. The analysis of the medical terminology collected by Trotz is aimed to expand our knowledge of the medical vocabulary present in the Polish language of the fi rst half of the 18th century since, as specialists note, there are few studies discussing the medical lexis of that period, and therefore our cognition of the scientifi c sphere of the human activity in this respect is limited. The presented analyses show that the medical terminology collected in Nowy dykcjonarz is mainly old lexis, which is well-established in the Polish language, the origin of which is Polish (lexical borrowings include 13 units), and which came into existence as a result of word formation, syntactic, and semantic derivation. The presence of numerous synonymous names, which prove, among others, that the Polish medical terminology has still been in the phase of formation, has also been noticed.

scholarly journals Scientific Conferences as Way to Develop Students’ Foreign Language Communicative Competence

2018 ◽  
Vol 50 ◽  
pp. 01155
Author(s):  
Yuliya Savinova ◽  
Tatiana Akhmetzyanova ◽  
Svetlana Pozdnyakova ◽  
Ekaterina Dvorak ◽  
Zhanna Zarutskaya
Keyword(s):  
Critical Thinking ◽  
Student Engagement ◽  
Foreign Language ◽  
Communicative Competence ◽  
Thinking Skills ◽  
Critical Thinking Skills ◽  
Foreign Languages ◽  
Research Skills ◽  
High Level ◽  
Development Of Students

The issues of the student engagement in science-related activities and the development of students’ language communicative competence are especially relevant in a technical university, where due to the prevailing of the Sciences, the professional communicative competence has become increasingly vital. The goal of this article is to examine how interdisciplinary scientific conferences for students held in foreign languages can foster the foreign language communicative competence of students. In the article, we present the definition and the three basic models of communicative competence. A method of pedagogical observation is used that represents comprehension and analysis of goal-oriented preparation of students for practical scientific conferences. We reveal the fact that interdisciplinary scientific conferences for students held in foreign languages allow educators to foster the foreign language communicative competence of students and deepen their knowledge in professional area, as well as to equip them with research skills since students’ participation in the conferences increases their attention and focus, motivates them to practice critical thinking skills of high level.

WORD FORMATION OF MESSAGING APPLICATIONS FOUND IN PLAY STORE

Lire Journal ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 5 (1) ◽  
pp. 92-109
Author(s):  
Giyatmi - Giyatmi ◽  
Sihindun Arumi ◽  
Mas Sulis Setiyono
Keyword(s):  
Qualitative Research ◽  
Data Reduction ◽  
Analysis Data ◽  
Word Formation ◽  
Data Display ◽  
Front Part ◽  
The Real ◽  
Morphological Processes ◽  
Blending Process ◽  
Everyday Communication

This study aims at describing the process of word-formation used on messaging applications found in the Play Store. This is descriptive qualitative research. The data are messaging applications written in English and in the form of words. To collect the data, the researchers use observation. The analysis data consists of three steps namely data reduction, data display, and verification. There are 56 data found. There are 6 types of word formations; Affixation (4 data), compounding (15 data), blending (4 data), coinage (8 data), clipping (4 data), reduplication (1 data). However, there are 20 messaging applications that cannot be classified into the type of word formation such as Path, Line, Lemon, etc. They are simple words that have already existed in English and have been used in everyday communication. Meanwhile, nowadays they are used as a name of messaging applications and have different meanings as the real meaning. The suffixes used in the affixation process are –er, -ous, -ster. There are 6 formations of compounding used in the messaging application such as N+N, V+V, N+V, V+N, Adv. + Prep. There are 3 ways of blending process such as taking the whole part of the first word and taking the first syllable of the second, taking the first syllable of the first word and taking the whole part of the second word, taking two syllables from the front part of the first word and taking the last syllable of the second word. Coinage consists of the name of the company and the name of the product. There are two types of clipping found namely fore-clipping and back-clipping. Reduplication happens when there is a copying of the partial part of the word. Apparently, there are morphological processes used in life such as word formation to name the messaging application.

Digital Technology: the Answer to the Art Historical Conundrum of A ccessibility?

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Abigail Berry
Keyword(s):  
Digital Technology ◽  
Art History ◽  
18Th Century ◽  
Modern Technology ◽  
Travel Costs ◽  
Special Collections ◽  
The People ◽  
Accessibility Problem ◽  
Definition Of ◽  
High Level

The famous anthropologist Pierre Bourdieu argued that there is an “unnatural idea of inborn culture, of a gift of culture, bestowed on certain people by Nature.” [1] Bourdieu is arguing that people, who have not been born into a higher class, or who cannot receive a high level of education, are unable to appreciate and understand art. The study of art history is expensive, and often involves extremely high travel costs, thus making it inaccessible to anybody who does not enjoy the means to pursue it. How can we address this accessibility problem in the study of art history? Is there any way to bring art to the people who do not possess “inborn culture?” Bourdieu wrote his book on art and class in 1984, at a time when the computer, and its democratizing potential, was a new and little -understood invention. My research proposes that modern technology provides an answer to this problem, which has plagued the discipline of art history. This presentation will examine three research projects that I’ve been working on at Queen’s. Each project uses digital technologies to improve the general public’s knowledge and access to art. The projects are all different: the first focuses on creating a digital model of 18th - century Canterbury Cathedral based on a book from W.D. Jordan Rare Books and Special Collections, the second project works on understanding Herstmonceux Castle and medieval England through technology, and the third involves image processing for art historical investigations. Despite their differences, each project makes art accessible to people who do not possess Bourdieu’s definition of “inborn culture.”        

THE ROLE OF PRODUCTIVE WORD-FORMATION MODELS IN COMMUNICATIVE COMPETENCE

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Диана Григорьевна Акубекова
Keyword(s):  
Foreign Language ◽  
Communicative Competence ◽  
Word Formation ◽  
Language Classes

В статье освещается проблема использования продуктивных словообразовательных моделей на занятиях иностранного языка. The article presents the problem of using productive word-formation models in foreign language classes.

scholarly journals Implementation of word-formative potential of the lexemes in social and economic activities

2020 ◽  
pp. 60-65
Author(s):  
Maryna Navalna ◽  
Olha Spys
Keyword(s):  
Foreign Language ◽  
Comparative Method ◽  
Word Formation ◽  
Economic Sector ◽  
Economic Activities ◽  
Descriptive Research ◽  
The Subject ◽  
Lexical Items ◽  
Observation Method ◽  
Political Vocabulary

The subject of the research is word-formative and semantic processes in the vocabulary of socio-economic sector. The aim of the study. To analyze the socio-political vocabulary and to determine the word-formative and semantic potential of these linguistic items. Research methods. The material of the research is a body of lexical items, selected from the language of all-Ukrainian and regional mass media. The descriptive research method and observation method were used as main in this scientific research. At different stages of the research the method of functional analysis was used to determine the stylistic load of lexical items. The comparative analysis of individual lexical positions, which are in different styles of Ukrainian literary language, was done by using a comparative method. Results of work. The article analyzes the word-formative potential of socio-political vocabulary, it distinguishes derivative and non-derivative verbs and presents formations. Application of the results. The results of the research can be used in teaching activities in the course “Scientific and Technical Terminology”, “Business Ukrainian” and others. Conclusions. Ukrainian and foreign-language verbs of the socio-economic sector have formed a great word-formative potential in the internal verbal word-formation, above all, the prefixal and postfixal. Ukrainian verbs are combined with most of the prefixes of the Ukrainian language, foreign-languages verbs – primarily with genetically homogeneous word-formative formats and some Ukrainian ones, in particular.

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