scholarly journals Incongruity-specific British and American Humour from the Perspective of Translation Studies

2019 ◽  
pp. 89-103
Author(s):  
Vira Nikonova ◽  
Yana Boiko ◽  
Yuliia Savina
Keyword(s):  
Cognitive Linguistics ◽  
National Character ◽  
Sociocultural Context ◽  
Flash Fiction ◽  
Cognitive Mechanisms ◽  
Translation Strategy ◽  
Research Material ◽  
Translation Analysis ◽  
Methodological Principles ◽  
American Authors

The aim of this study is to reveal the interrelation between the national character of the comic, its cognitive mechanisms and the choice of the strategy while representing the comic in Ukrainian translations of J. K. Jerome’s and O. Henry’s flash fiction. First, using the methodological principles of Linguoculturology, we determine how sociocultural context influenced the British and American authors’ consciousness which determined the cultural aspect of their individual worldview and the specifics of their sense of humour. Then we identified the comically marked contexts in J. K. Jerome’s and O. Henry’s flash fiction using the methodology of linguopoetic research, and revealed the features of incongruity as the cognitive mechanisms of the comic in their works applying the methods of cognitive linguistics. At the final stage, we performed the translation analysis of the distinguished comically marked contexts evaluating the strategies used for representing the comic in Ukrainian translation. The analysis of the research material elucidates the following conclusions. The cultural background of the British or American writer determines the specifics of incongruity (logical, notional, valorative and ontological) as the cognitive mechanisms of the comic embodied in their flash fiction which, in its turn, strongly influences the choice of the translation strategy. The comic in J. K. Jerome’s fiction is represented in Ukrainian translations mostly by using the strategies of preservation and localization, while O. Henry’s humour is rendered by using localization and addition. Hence, the strategies of representing the comic in Ukrainian translation highly depend on the comic pictures of the world of the author and the target reader.

scholarly journals THEORETICAL AND PRACTICAL VALUE OF THE REVIEWS ON UKRAINIAN TERMINOLOGY DICTIONARIES OF THE LATE XXth AND THE EARLY XXIst CENTURIES

2019 ◽  
pp. 96-106
Author(s):  
Tetiana Petrova
Keyword(s):  
Structural Parameters ◽  
Characteristic Parameter ◽  
Practical Significance ◽  
Practical Realization ◽  
Practical Application ◽  
Research Material ◽  
Xxist Century ◽  
Normative Term ◽  
The Subject ◽  
Methodological Principles

The aim of the research is to determine the theoretical and practical significance of the reviews on natural sciences terminology dictionaries. The object of the research is a system of parametric measurements of terminology dictionaries, the subject is critical remarks on the structural parameters representation of terminology dictionaries. The research material is the texts of the reviews published during the late XXth and the early XXIst centuries. Тhe following methods were used: lexicographic analysis of the dictionary parameters, the quantitative analysis and the comparative one. As a result of the research, it is determined that throughout the analyzed period the experts focus on definition and translation dictionaries as well as reference dictionaries. Most remarks are made to the dictionaries of the early XXIst century. The potential importance of practical application of the results is to improve the theoretical and methodological principles and means of terminology dictionaries creation, as well as their use to develop new (combined) type that comprehensively represent the vocabulary of a particular branch of science. Conclusions: 1) the critical comments on professional definition dictionaries relate to such of their parameters as: ‘introduction / preface’, ‘encyclopedia information’, ‘dictionary register’, ‘definition’, ‘list of references’; 2) translation definition dictionaries have quantitative drawbacks regarding the representation of such structural parameters: ‘dictionary register’, ‘translation area’, ‘definition’; 3) to the parameters of reference dictionaries the following critical comments are made: to replace the title loan term by the normative term; to add the ‘accent characteristic’ parameter; to match the title terms with their definitions etc. Theoretical and practical significance of the reviews on terminology dictionaries gives the possibility to systematize the drawbacks revealed by critics in the representation of structural parameters of such publications, for the purpose to improve the fundamental theoretical and methodological foundations of metaterminography and the practical realization of high-quality works.

SPECIFICS OF TRANSLATING ENGLISH-LANGUAGE NEWS TEXTS INTO UKRAINIAN (BASED ON THE OSCE NEWS TEXTS)

2020 ◽  
Vol 2020 (31) ◽  
pp. 164-181
Author(s):  
Yulia Voloshchuk ◽  
Natalya Zhmayeva
Keyword(s):  
English Language ◽  
Sampling Method ◽  
Basic Research ◽  
Media Discourse ◽  
Continuous Sampling ◽  
Translation Strategy ◽  
News Discourse ◽  
Translation Analysis ◽  
Depth Study ◽  
Intensive Development

The relevance of the research is based on the need for an in-depth study of effective ways, techniques and methods of translating English-language news texts into Ukrainian, in particular news texts of the Organization for Security and Co-operation in Europe (OSCE), which is due not only to Ukraine’s membership in the OSCE Parliamentary Assembly, but also to globalization and the intensive development of international relations, which in turn affect the increasing interest of modern Ukrainian readers in foreign news texts. In addition, the relevance of the topic is due to the increased attention of linguists to modern media discourse, which also includes news discourse, and the peculiarities of its translation. The aim of the work is to analyze the specifics of translating English-language news texts into Ukrainian based on the material of OSCE news texts. To achieve this goal, the following research methods were used: comparative and comparable methods for determining the features and problems of translating English-language news texts into Ukrainian; the method of systematization and the method of complex translation analysis for analyzing and systematizing the tools used in translating English-language news texts into Ukrainian, and also using the continuous sampling method to search for basic research materials. As a result of a comparative analysis of the original English-language news texts with their translations into Ukrainian, the regularities of applying specific translation strategy, as well as the corresponding translation transformations that are necessary to achieve an adequate translation of the English-language news text were determined. The study also analyzed the problem of finding an equivalent when translating news texts.

The concept «reality» in John Berger’s essay about Vincent Van Gogh as an instrument of fine artworks interpretation

2019 ◽  
Vol 12 (21) ◽  
pp. 141-147
Author(s):  
Tetyana Lunyova ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Cognitive Linguistics ◽  
Conceptual Metaphor ◽  
Critical Discussion ◽  
Cognitive Mechanisms ◽  
Vincent Van Gogh ◽  
The Third ◽  
Artistic Representation ◽  
The World ◽  
Art For Art's Sake ◽  
World Image

The article investigates the interpretative function of the concept REALITY in John Berger’s essay about Vincent van Gogh’s art by applying the methodology of cognitive linguistics. Following Nikolay N. Boldyrev, the interpretative function of the language is considered in the article as the third main linguistic function. The theoretical and methodological foundations of the study are further developed with the idea, which is expressed by several researchers (V. V. Feshchenko, Ye. A. Yelina, U. A. Zharkova), that discourse about art performs an interpretative role. The aim of the study is to reveal the linguo-cognitive mechanisms that enable the concept REALITY to operate as a means of interpretation of van Gogh’s art in Berger’s essay. The research has demonstrated that before the concept REALITY is applied to the analysis of van Gogh’s paintings and drawings, this concept is explicitly interpreted in the essay. The following linguo-cognitive mechanisms are employed to make the content of the concept REALITY clear to the reader: actualization of the commonly known sense «reality is opposed to imagination», critical discussion of this sense, introduction of the conceptual metaphor REALITY IS THE OBJECT THAT SHOULD BE SALVAGED, and actualization of the selected fragments of the philosophical world image as well as scholarly world image, especially the conception of art for art’s sake and the conceptual metaphor REALITY IS SOMETHING THAT LIES BEHIND THE SCREEN CREATED BY THE CULTURE. Thus, having been thoroughly interpreted in the essay, the concept REALITY is used as an instrument of the interpretation of van Gogh’s artistic principles and artworks. The following linguo-cognitive mechanisms support the concept REALITY in its interpretative function: applying the conceptual metaphor REALITY IS SOMETHING THAT LIES BEHIND THE SCREEN CREATED BY THE CULTURE to read van Gogh’s letters, using the conceptual metaphor REALITY IS THE OBJECT THAT SHOULD BE SALVAGED to analyse the facts from the painter’s life, introducing the conceptual metaphor REALITY IS THE CONSUMING ITSELF PHOENIX, actualizing of the concepts WORK and PRODUCTION as the key concepts in the artist’s world image, utilizing the concepts WORK and PRODUCTION to interpret several of van Gogh’s paintings, applying the actualized conception of art for art’s sake to reveal van Gogh’s artistic principles, constructing the conceptual metaphors VAN GOGH’S ART IS APPROACHING THE WORLD and VAN GOGH’S ARTISTIC REPRESENTATION OF REALITY IS DISSOLVING IN REALITY, and constructing the conceptual metaphor VAN GOGH’S PAINTINGS ARE LASERS.

scholarly journals CONTROLLED AND NON-CONTROLLED SITUATIONS AND THEIR CONCEPTUALIZATION BY THE VERB FIND

2021 ◽  
pp. 57-66
Author(s):  
Татьяна Ивановна Семенова ◽  
Анна Александровна Чапайкина
Keyword(s):  
Cognitive Linguistics ◽  
Theoretical Perspective ◽  
Cognitive Strategies ◽  
Theoretical Background ◽  
Cognitive Semantics ◽  
Cognitive Mechanisms ◽  
Lexical Meaning ◽  
The Road ◽  
Taxonomic Category ◽  
On The Road

Введение. Исследованы когнитивные основания лексической полисемии и описаны принципы организации системы значений многозначного слова. Актуальность исследования заключается в динамическом подходе к языковому значению как к способу и результату концептуализации структур знания. Объектом исследования являются конструкции с глаголом find типа Finally I found the wallet; He found a wallet on the road. Значение глагола find трактуется как когнитивный феномен, за которым стоит пропозициональная структура знания о ситуации обнаружения. Цель – выявить семантические и концептуальные характеристики прототипической когнитивной модели ситуации обнаружения и установить когнитивные факторы и механизмы, влияющие на концептуальную вариативность прототипической ситуации. Материал и методы. Использовались принципы и методы когнитивной семантики, в рамках которой значение понимается как концептуализация когнитивного взаимодействия человека с миром. Результаты и обсуждение. Выявлены параметры лексического значения глагола find, которые определяют основные механизмы образования производных значений и парадигму многозначности глагола. Обоснованы категориальные значения данного глагола. На основе признаков агентивность/неагентивность глагол find актуализирует в зависимости от когнитивного контекста либо таксономическую категорию действие с акцентом на результате, либо происшествие. Установлено, что изменение таксономической категории глагола find является механизмом семантической деривации производного неагентивного значения, посредством которого концептуализируется неконтролируемая ситуация обнаружения. Выявлены и описаны семантические, синтаксические, прагматические характеристики контролируемой и неконтролируемой ситуаций обнаружения. Когнитивно значимыми для концепта контролируемой ситуации обнаружения являются пресуппозиция поисковой деятельности и конкретно-референтный статус актантов. Концепт ситуации неконтролируемого обнаружения задает роль участника-каузатора в позиции синтаксического субъекта и активирует компонент «сопутствующая деятельность». Заключение. Результаты исследования обладают экпланаторным потенциалом для понимания когнитивных механизмов образования производных значений многозначного глагола, что вносит вклад в дальнейшее развитие концепции когнитивной семантики. Introduction. The theoretical background of the research is a set of principles and assumptions of cognitive linguistics to the study of the meaning of a linguistic form in the context of other cognitive structures. The theoretical perspective of the paper is to consider semantic shifts of the verb find. The goal of the research is to highlight cognitive mechanisms underlying alternative construal of the situations conceptualized by the verb find and reveal cognitive strategies of verbal semantic derivation. Material and methods. The research is based on the empirical data from available sources and corpora data. The study is conducted within the framework of cognitive semantics where language meaning is viewed as knowledge structure. Results and discussion. The paper considers the phenomenon of lexical polysemy from a cognitive perspective. Of particular concern is the issue of semantic extension of the polysemantic verb find. The study brings into focus such parameters of the verbal meaning as taxonomic category of the verb, semantic roles of the participants and their referential status. It is argued that the change of any parameter causes semantic shifts of the lexical meaning of the verb find. The paper discusses two taxonomic categories of the verb find “achievements” and “happenings”. The author comes to the conclusion that the semantic difference between the constructions like Finally he found the wallet and He found a coin in the dust lies in the semantic component “+control”/“–control”. The study highlights semantic and syntactic features of the controlled and non-controlled situations conceptualized by the agentive meaning and non-agentive meaning of the verb find. Conclusion. The results of the research reveal that the change of the taxonomic category of the verb is a cognitive mechanism of verbal semantic derivation. The results obtained may be helpful for further study of productive semantic derivation processes in the framework of cognitive semantics.

scholarly journals HAMLET’S IMAGE AS A POET AND ITS INTERPRETATION IN VALERIY ANANYIN’S TRANSLATION

2020 ◽  
Vol 16 (3) ◽  
pp. 38-44
Author(s):  
Irina Chepurina
Keyword(s):  
Text Analysis ◽  
Critical Essay ◽  
Translation Strategy ◽  
Research Material ◽  
Stage Performance ◽  
Historical Methods ◽  
First Time

The article analyzes the image of Hamlet as a poet which is developed in a new translation of The Tragedy of Hamlet, Prince of Denmark (2010) by a Karelian translator Valeriy Ananyin. The novelty of the translation accompanied by the translator’s valuable commentaries and notes contributes to the importance of the research, because the image of Hamlet as a poet, which appears to be off the radars of Russian and foreign researchers, is reflected by Valeriy Ananyin for the first time. The article attempts to explore the image of Hamlet as a poet in the context of Valeriy Ananyin’s translation strategy using the comparative and culture-historical methods, as well as multilevel text analysis and translation linguistic commentary. The research material is original and translated Prince Hamlet’s poetic lines, which the translator discusses in his literary critical essay on Prince Hamlet’s verses. Hamlet’s poetic heritage, however small, reveals the artistic and imaginative side of his mind, allowing to speak about Hamlet as an artist. Valeriy Ananyin’s translation approach used for creating the image of Hamlet as a poet is determined by a theatre director’s vision of Hamlet as a tragedy intended for stage performance. Therefore Hamlet’s verses translated by Valeriy Ananyin become incentive, which is expressed by frequent exclamations and ample gestures. Transformations identified in the studied translation illustrate such techniques as modulation, a change in stylistic connotation or a shift of the referential meaning of a word.

scholarly journals Stylistics and Translation of Raymond Queneau’s Work: Translation Analysis of „Exercices de style“

2020 ◽  
pp. 6-27
Author(s):  
Liucija Černiuvienė ◽  
Ieva Montrimaitė
Keyword(s):  
Distinctive Feature ◽  
Translation Strategies ◽  
Translation Strategy ◽  
Raymond Queneau ◽  
Colloquial Language ◽  
French Writer ◽  
Translation Analysis ◽  
Narrative Techniques ◽  
Literary Devices

The article covers the stylistics of the work “Exercices de style” by the French writer Raymond Queneau and the translation of this work into Lithuanian. Through the analysis of translations into Italian and English as well, the article investigates the distinctive feature of Queneau’s texts – how they play with various language tools. The article distinguishes and discusses the play of literary devices (these are figures of style and rhetoric), the play of linguistic devices (grammatical tenses, barbarisms, neologisms), the play of language registers (colloquial language, jargon), the play of genres and discourses, and the play of narrative techniques. While playing with the language, the author seeks to entertain the reader – the exercises are rich in various elements of comedy, parody and irony. It is not possible to systematically apply one translation strategy to translate this work, therefore the translator Akvilė Melkūnaitė focused on conveying the logic of Queneau’s rules, making the translation strategies related to semantic and stylistic translation of the text diverse and successful, while the complicated conveying of cultural realia (e.g. jargon) is offset by other means of translation.

LINGUOSTYLISTIC FEATURES OF ENGLISH HUMOROUS FANTASY NOVELS AND THEIR UKRAINIAN TRANSLATION

2020 ◽  
Vol 2020 (30) ◽  
pp. 39-57
Author(s):  
Olena Velychenko ◽  
Liudmyla Fonar
Keyword(s):  
Word Formation ◽  
Fantasy Literature ◽  
Original Source ◽  
Research Material ◽  
Recent Emergence ◽  
Translation Analysis ◽  
Fantasy Novels ◽  
The Subject ◽  
Cultural Components ◽  
Comprehensive Study

The relevance of an article is based on the need for a thorough study of means of linguostylistic actualization of English humor in modern fantasy literature and features of its rendering in Ukrainian translations, taking into account pragmatic and cross-cultural components. This is due to the popularity of the fantasy genre among a readership, and therefore requires the study of the features and problems of adequate translation of foreign fantasy novels by Ukrainian specialists, who often have difficulties translating author neologisms (occasionalisms) and proper names of fantasy creatures and characters. Increased interest in translation studies in many aspects of fantasy issues is evidenced by the recent emergence of a large number of works that reveal different aspects of humor. However, despite the interest in the subject, there is a small amount of exploration that addresses the issues of rendering humor and comic occasionalisms as units of linguostylistics in fantasy books in the English-Ukrainian translation. The purpose of this work is to analyze the linguostylistic specificity of translation of the humorous fantasy “Fantastic Beasts and Where to Find Them” from English into Ukrainian. The paper presents an analysis of the research material for the purpose of establishing the linguostylistic essence of J. K. Rolling’s occasionalisms, as well as the specifics of their interpretation, taking into account difficulties and cases of incompatibility of translation of the original due to various types and causes of complete and partial loss of sense of the original source. The basis for a comprehensive study of linguistic problems of author’s word-formation and translation analysis of tactics and operations involved in implementing a strategy of communicative-equal translation and adequate rendering of humorous fantasy in a pair of typologically different languages English-Ukrainian has been improved.

Humorous motifs of Russian military equipment nomination

Neophilology ◽  
2019 ◽  
pp. 327-336
Author(s):  
Nadezhda A. RODINA
Keyword(s):  
Armed Forces ◽  
National Character ◽  
Mediated Communication ◽  
Military Equipment ◽  
Research Material ◽  
Material Environment ◽  
Elective Course ◽  
Russian Military ◽  
The Military ◽  
Empirical Material

In modern national linguistics there is a set of works devoted to the description of language personalities of representatives of certain professions. However, in the last decades due to the increase of interest in the military sphere names of cadets, soldiers and officers are in the researchers’ attention centre. We also analyze names of objects of a material environment, it allows to conduct fully studying of language personality of the representative of the Armed Forces of Russian Federation as the ratio of motifs and ways of the nomination will allow to reveal features of the language personality of Russian personnel in mediated communication. We analyze the motivation features of the official names of the Russian military equipment and armor. We consider chrematonyms in terms of their belonging to humorous means of communication in military sphere. We prove application of humorous names by specifics of national character of the Russian personnel. Material of article is the corpus in the form of the glossary in the Internet and also results of the military personnel survey. The new empirical material introduction for scientific use allows to make objective and reliable conclusions on the nature of the humorous nomination in the sphere of military equipment and armor. Research material can be used both in military education, and in an elective course of onomastics in civil university.

scholarly journals The cup as metaphor and symbol: A cognitive linguistics perspective

2019 ◽  
Vol 75 (3) ◽  
Author(s):  
Nerina Bosman
Keyword(s):  
Corpus Linguistics ◽  
Cognitive Linguistics ◽  
Cognitive Mechanisms ◽  
Related Concept ◽  
Conceptual Metaphor Theory ◽  
Conceptual Metaphors ◽  
Whole Process ◽  
Religious Symbolism ◽  
Metaphor Theory ◽  
The One

Although the Afrikaans word beker carries strong religious and other connotations, among them references to the Eucharist cup, the contribution of this article is to highlight, within a cognitive semantics framework, the role that cognitive mechanisms such as metaphor and metonymy played in the creation of this symbol. The article aims to illustrate the following: that the two signs of the Christian Eucharist, the bread and the wine, are grounded in conceptual metaphors of eating and drinking; that two conceptual drink metaphors are present when the symbol of the cup is analysed; that a related concept, that of metonymy, acts as a cognitive trigger, thus enabling the realisation of the symbol; and that other factors such as culture and religious symbolism played a significant role in the whole process. A corpus linguistics methodology is used to identify expressions containing the word beker. In analysing the expressions, Conceptual Metaphor Theory is used as a theoretical framework. It is found that conceptual metaphors such as nourishment is drinking and suffering is drinking underlie metaphoric expressions with beker. The metonymy container [the cup] for contained [the wine or blood] plays an important role in enabling the metaphors. In the images of the Eucharist cup and the broken bread, powerful metaphors arising from our bodily experience, denoting suffering and death on the one hand, and joy, nourishment and life on the other hand, are united to form the symbol.

Translation: universals or cognition?

Target ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 30 (1) ◽  
pp. 53-86 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nina Szymor
Keyword(s):  
Cognitive Processes ◽  
Cognitive Linguistics ◽  
Translation Studies ◽  
Corpus Analysis ◽  
Linguistic Knowledge ◽  
Cognitive Mechanisms ◽  
Translation Process ◽  
Ongoing Debate ◽  
Basic Assumptions

Abstract This paper contributes to the ongoing debate on the existence of translation universals by investigating the use of aspect in modal contexts in translated and non-translated legal Polish and by analysing the observed differences with reference to insights from cognitive linguistics. Corpus analysis highlights significant distributional differences in the use of the two aspectual forms of Polish verbs (imperfective and perfective) in modal contexts. I argue that cognitive mechanisms called ‘chunking’ (Langacker 1988; Bybee 2006) and ‘entrenchment’ (Bybee 2010) underlie these differences. I show that what may at first glance seem as behaviour unique to the translation process, is in fact caused by general cognitive processes. The study has implications for both translation studies and cognitive linguistics: it offers support for the basic assumptions about the usage-based nature of linguistic knowledge and highlights the importance of taking these assumptions into consideration when investigating the translation process and translation universals.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document