scholarly journals Let Us Let the Spectators Back in!

2021 ◽  
Vol In Press (In Press) ◽  
Author(s):  
Bahar Hassanmirzaei ◽  
Tohid Seif Barghi
Keyword(s):  
Transmission Rate ◽  
Team Training ◽  
Infection Risk ◽  
Health Authorities ◽  
The World ◽  
The Government ◽  
Sports Activities ◽  
Limited Period

: COVID-19 has stricken the world since the beginning of 2020. The pandemic is not controlled yet, and also the new variants of the virus are rapidly spreading. To reduce the virus's person-to-person transmission rate, health authorities and the government applied limitations to all activities (including sports activities). As a result, all football matches and team training worldwide were suspended for a limited period until a reduced infection risk was recognized. Even though training and competitions were gradually resuming worldwide, no spectators were allowed to attend any matches. After the successful experience of resuming football matches and tournaments following tight restrictions in keeping the players, staff, and organizers safe, it is time to let the spectators back in the stadiums and establish the needed guidelines. This commentary will highlight the most important aspects and issues that need to be addressed if the football federation and associations decide to let the spectators back into the stadiums, as football will lose its enthusiasm and financial turnover.

scholarly journals Temporal Analysis of SARS-CoV-2 Variants during the COVID-19 Pandemic in Nepal

COVID ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 1 (2) ◽  
pp. 423-434
Author(s):  
Samrat Paudel ◽  
Amol Dahal ◽  
Hitesh Kumar Bhattarai
Keyword(s):  
Temporal Analysis ◽  
Phylogenetic Tree Analysis ◽  
Health Authorities ◽  
The World ◽  
Predominant Variant ◽  
Global Nature ◽  
The Government ◽  
Second Wave ◽  
Detailed Record ◽  
Local Transmission

Nepal has suffered two waves of SARS-CoV-2 infections, one in the year 2020 and another in the year 2021. Although the government of Nepal keeps a detailed record of daily coronavirus infections and deaths throughout the country, and publishes the result every day, genomic surveillance of mutants in the country has lagged behind. Sequencing of COVID-19 samples has been conducted sporadically during the pandemic. From the GISAID database, 127 high-quality sequences deposited by different health authorities in Nepal were collected and analyzed. From the analysis, it can be concluded that at least two variants of concern, alpha and delta, and one variant of interest, kappa, were detected in Nepal in 2021. As in other countries, the delta variant outcompeted the kappa and alpha variants and by July 2021 had established itself as the dominant variant. It can be hypothesized that the second wave in Nepal was primarily caused by the delta variant. Further, phylogenetic tree analysis suggests cases of local transmission and global transmission of coronavirus. This analysis reveals the global nature of the disease, where variants arising in one part of the world can quickly spread to other parts of the world and can also spread through individual communities. This paper highlights a need to structure public policy of Nepal to target the delta variant since it has become the predominant variant in Nepal. A further policy suggestion is to appropriately sample and sequence genomes of SARS-CoV-2 at regular intervals to understand the dynamics of variants in the population.

scholarly journals Tuberculosis in the Russian Federation: Situation, Challenges and Perspectives

2018 ◽  
Vol 73 (5) ◽  
pp. 330-337 ◽  
Author(s):  
Atadzhan Е. Ergeshov
Keyword(s):  
Russian Federation ◽  
Latent Infection ◽  
Treatment Effectiveness ◽  
Drug Resistant ◽  
Health Authorities ◽  
The World ◽  
Infection Mechanisms ◽  
The Russian Federation ◽  
The Government ◽  
Hasty Conclusion

Tuberculosis (TB) is a significant problem of public health both in Russia and abroad. About one third of the world’s population is infected with Mycobacterium tuberculosis. Every year more than 10 million new TB cases are registered in the world, and about 1.7 million people die from TB. In the Russian Federation, due to the measures taken by the Government and health authorities the epidemic TB situation has been noticeably improved since the sharp deterioration in the 90s of the last century. At the same time, the spread of drug-resistant TB and its low treatment effectiveness, the spread of combined HIV and TB infection reduces the effectiveness of anti-tuberculosis interventions. The research conducted by CTRI, the WHO Collaborating Center for TB in the Russian Federation, is aimed at solving such urgent problems as studying latent infection mechanisms, developing new test systems for accelerated diagnostics of drug resistance, clinical approbation and introduction of short effective regimens of chemotherapy, developing new antituberculosis agents. The achieved successes in the study of tuberculosis in the 21st century creates preconditions for eliminating its epidemic both in Russia and the world, though suggesting imminent breakthrough for tuberculosis is a hasty conclusion. 

scholarly journals IMPLEMENTASI SENSOR INFRAMERAH SEBAGAI SWITCH PADA SENSOR AMG8833 DAN POMPA AIR DI SMART SECURITY COVID-19

2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (2) ◽  
pp. 57
Author(s):  
Lafinal Yak Mahdiantoro ◽  
Rahmat Hidayat ◽  
Lela Nurpulela
Keyword(s):  
Temperature Sensor ◽  
Transmission Rate ◽  
Physical Contact ◽  
Infrared Sensor ◽  
Public Places ◽  
The Public ◽  
The World ◽  
Arduino Uno ◽  
The Government

Covid-19 is currently spreading throughout the world without exception in Indonesia. With this fact, the government recommends the public to maintain health protocols, especially in public places as a form of resistance to COVID-19 so that the transmission rate can be suppressed. one of them is to keep a distance and avoid physical contact with other people and object surfaces. The Smart Security COVID-19 designed to be able to detect temperature and spray disinfectant liquid automatically without need for physical contact. Infrared sensor that functions as a data sender when a user approaches the device, which is then sent to Arduino UNO for processing the processed data and will be sent to the AMG8833 temperature sensor and relay where the AMG8833 temperature sensor functions as a temperature reader and the relay functions to activate the pump to spraying disinfectant liquid.

scholarly journals A Study of COVID-19 and Its Impact on Well Being of Society and Business

2021 ◽  
Vol 12 (3) ◽  
pp. 7
Author(s):  
Amrita Sidhu ◽  
Pretty Bhalla ◽  
Inass Said Salamah Ali
Keyword(s):  
20Th Century ◽  
Transmission Rate ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Economic Loss ◽  
Economic Losses ◽  
Large Area ◽  
Influenza Outbreak ◽  
The World ◽  
Travel Restrictions ◽  
The Government

Pandemic is the worst situation faced by the world in every century. It not only leads to great human loss but unbearable economic loss also. In order to understand the nature & severity of COVID- 19, emerged in the year 2019 in the Wuhan city of China we have studied the great pandemics occurred in 20th century i.e., influenza outbreak in 1918, 1957 and 1968 1918. The objective of this paper was to understand the severity, mitigating strategies and impact of COVID- 19 on the wellbeing of the society. A review research method was followed to collect the information regarding previous pandemic occurred and the prevailing situation of the society. It is being studied that, alike previous pandemics, this pandemic also leads to great human and economic losses all over the world. Transmission rate was so high that in few weeks it covers a large area under its impact. Similar mathematical model SIR (Susceptible- Infectious- Recovered) of transmission used in 20th century was used to understand the transmission process of COVID- 19. As far as mitigating strategies are concerned, it is being observed that similar strategies like travel restrictions, social distancing, home quarantine, school & workplace closure which were used to control influenza pandemics were used to control the current situation. Recommendations were made on the basis of steps taken by the government in order to help the society.

scholarly journals Description of Knowledge of Pre-Clinical Students of the Faculty of Medicine, Indonesian Christian University Batch 2020 regarding COVID-19

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (3-S) ◽  
pp. 150-153
Author(s):  
Nia Reviani
Keyword(s):  
Transmission Rate ◽  
Sampling Technique ◽  
Good Knowledge ◽  
Exclusion Criteria ◽  
Christian University ◽  
Social Distancing ◽  
The World ◽  
The Government ◽  
Quantitative Descriptive ◽  
Descriptive Survey

The world is currently facing a pandemic spreading rapidly in more than 200 countries caused by the SARS-CoV-2. The virus was first thought to have originated from Wuhan, China, and the infection has spread throughout the world, including Indonesia. The mortality rate for COVID-19 in Indonesia is 8.9%. This figure is the highest in Southeast Asia. Therefore, the government made various efforts and policies to tackle the COVID-19 outbreak in Indonesia. One of them is implementing the health protocol, namely 3M (using masks, washing hands, and social distancing). However, due to the increasing number of Covid-19 transmission in Indonesia, the current health protocol became 5M (washing hands, wearing masks, social distancing, limiting mobility and interaction and staying away from crowds) is expected to reduce the transmission rate of the COVID-19 virus. This study aims to discover the description of knowledge of Pre-Clinical Students in Faculty of Medicine, Christian University of Indonesia, Class of 2020 regarding COVID-19. The design of the study is a descriptive survey with a quantitative descriptive. Data were obtained by using questionnaires distributed online with a non-random sampling technique, in which we used purposive sampling. The participants were next screened with the inclusion and exclusion criteria. It resulted in 140 participants who qualified the criteria and whose data could be considered for further analysis.  The results showed that from 140 students, 136 students (97,1%) had good knowledge, three students (2,1%) had sufficient knowledge, and one student (0,8%) had less knowledge about COVID-19. The study finds that 136 students (97,1%) in a class of 2020 in the Faculty of Medicine at Christian University of Indonesia have a good knowledge of COVID-19. Keywords: Knowledge, Pre-Clinical Students, FK UKI 2020, COVID-19.

Harmonização orofacial após Covid-19: biossegurança e benefcios

2020 ◽  
Vol 2 (5) ◽  
pp. 98-107
Author(s):  
Ana Karina Fonseca de Carvalho Calderan Correa ◽  
Gabriela Araújo Barros Lima e Silva ◽  
Leonardo Nogueira Tavares ◽  
Ricardo Correa de Araújo Júnior ◽  
Antonio Aparecido Celoria
Keyword(s):  
Health Promotion ◽  
Well Being ◽  
World Health ◽  
Health Authorities ◽  
Concept Of Health ◽  
The World ◽  
Health Promoting ◽  
The Government ◽  
Health Organization ◽  
The Individual

Orofacial Harmonization (HOF) that has already been recognized as a dental specialty by the Brazilian Federal Council of Dentistry (CFO) through the resolution CFO-198/2019, has been showing considerable advances in health promotion and reestablishment of a complete physical, mental and social well-being of the individual. Also, it makes efforts in an attempt to strengthen and improve the biosafety protocols presented by the World Health Organization (WHO). The undertakings carried out by the government and health authorities are notorious in an attempt to adapt to the new reality presented by this pandemic caused by COVID-19. However, we cannot deny the negligence of these same authorities of not inserting this specialty as part of the essential care for the population, as the HOF is able of providing numerous benefits, as well as the dentist who was left in the gloom in its origin as a health promoting agent. In the present study, updated biosafety protocols will be shown, and also the importance of adding the inherent technologies of HOF and all the knowledge and proficiency of dentistry professionals in an attempt to concretize the real concept of health, benefiting the population that is desolated and terrified in this new post-COVID world.

scholarly journals  A Simulation Approach to Predict the Transmission of COVID-19in Bangladesh  

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Abul Mukid Md. Muka ◽  
Mridul Sannyal
Keyword(s):  
World Health ◽  
Transmission Parameters ◽  
Health Authorities ◽  
Preventive Actions ◽  
Number Of Patients ◽  
The World ◽  
Exponential Trend ◽  
The Government ◽  
Reported Data ◽  
And Control

Abstract The coronavirus disease (COVID-19) was first identified in Wuhan, China, in December 2019. Since then, it has been affecting 212 countries and territories around the world. First detected on March 8, 2020, as of April 30, there are 7,667 confirmed COVID-19 cases in Bangladesh, including 130 patients who have recovered and 168 related deaths. We identify the facts of COVID-19 and government’s preventive actions taken in Bangladesh and examine the transmission parameters, infection rate, fatality rate, and recovered rate using the publicly available data until April 30. We estimated the transmission parameters using the susceptible-exposed-infected-cured-dead (SEICD) model and linear regression. Based on these parameters, we then predicted the growth of the infection, cure, and deaths and compared them with reported data. The number of patients infected as of April 30 in Bangladesh closely follows an exponential trend. If this trend continues for fewer weeks, there will be around 50,000 infected patients if necessary steps are not seriously taken by the government. There is now breakneck concern regarding the capacity to respond to needs of infected patients effectively and to prevent this pandemic from further spreading in Bangladesh, one of the densest countries in the world. Health authorities might assimilate this analysis into their disease prevention and control decision-making process.

scholarly journals Effects Of Sports And Social Well-Being On Physical And Mental Health Of Pakistani Women

2019 ◽  
Vol 18 (1) ◽  
pp. 145-164
Author(s):  
Shagufta Jahangir ◽  
Asma Manzoor
Keyword(s):  
Mental Health ◽  
Quantitative Research ◽  
Sampling Technique ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Vital Role ◽  
Snowball Sampling ◽  
Physical And Mental Health ◽  
The World ◽  
The Government ◽  
Sports Activities

Sports are very trendy observable fact in the world. It is the greatest extensive communal institution of contemporary civilization. It increases social hierarchies of any society, which is based on class, competition, gender and ethnicity. Almost all societies of the world aren’t comfortable that women get involved in games, while it plays a vital role in shaping social, cultural and economic values. Usually Women at their peak lacks in physical and mental strength as compared to men because they cannot sustain fatigue and strain beyond certain limit therefore, they have to compromise their sports careers usually before attaining the highest goal. The objective of this study is to explore different perspectives regarding sports women in sports activities and it also aims to analyze critically the misconceptions regarding women sports. The researcher has used both qualitative and quantitative research method and by using snowball sampling technique collected data through the interview schedule from 210 sports women residing in different places of Pakistan and hence, five case studies are in corporated in this study. The findings of the study highlight that societal misconceptions have strictly prohibited women from sports activities because dominant people create misconceptions regarding women sports in the society according to their own perceptions. It is observed that wrong fallacies regarding sports activities are very strong in the Pakistani society, which restricts women to participate in sports activities. According to the research findings it is the responsibility of the Government to facilitate women and provide them different facilities which not only assure their mental health but also provide them opportunity of full participation in sports by providing them childcare facilities, economic stability, maintaining their social respect, self - esteem, and empowering them.

scholarly journals Local Moran Index: an application in epidemiological coefficients of the COVID-19 pandemic in Brazil

2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (3) ◽  
pp. e27810313472
Author(s):  
Henrique José de Paula Alves ◽  
Felipe Augusto Fernandes ◽  
Kelly Pereira de Lima ◽  
Ben Dêivide de Oliveira Batista ◽  
Tales Jesus Fernandes
Keyword(s):  
Statistical Significance ◽  
R Software ◽  
Statistical Tool ◽  
Government Health ◽  
The Third ◽  
Health Authorities ◽  
The World ◽  
The Government ◽  
Local Moran ◽  
Incidence Prevalence

The COVID-19 pandemic spread quickly around the world in a frightening way. In Brazil, the third country in the world with the highest number of people infected and killed by the disease, it is important that the government health authorities identify the federation units that stand out in cases and deaths due to this disease for targeting resources. The Local Moran Index is a statistical tool that estimates those units of the federation that stands out the most with some statistical significance. We used the epidemiological coefficients of incidence, prevalence, and lethality to describe Brazil’s pandemic better today. We use R software to obtain maps and results.

On retroeconomy

2017 ◽  
pp. 148-159
Author(s):  
V. Papava
Keyword(s):  
Developing Countries ◽  
Detrimental Effect ◽  
International Competition ◽  
The World ◽  
The Government ◽  
Role Of The Government

This paper analyzes the problem of technological backwardness of economy. In many mostly developing countries their economies use obsolete technologies. This can create the illusion that this or that business is prosperous. At the level of international competition, however, it is obvious that these types of firms do not have any chance for success. Retroeconomics as a theory of technological backwardness and its detrimental effect upon a country’s economy is considered in the paper. The role of the government is very important for overcoming the effects of retroeconomy. The phenomenon of retroeconomy is already quite deep-rooted throughout the world and it is essential to consolidate the attention of economists and politicians on this threat.

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