scholarly journals Molecular Analysis of Pathogenic Genes (lasB and exoA) in Pseudomonas aeruginosa Strains Isolated from Animal and Human Samples and Determination of Their Resistance Pattern

2021 ◽  
Vol In Press (In Press) ◽  
Author(s):  
Ciamak Ghazaei
Keyword(s):  
Pseudomonas Aeruginosa ◽  
Diffusion Method ◽  
Resistance Pattern ◽  
Bacterial Pathogenicity ◽  
Human Samples ◽  
Pathogenic Genes ◽  
Serious Infection ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Significant Difference

: Pseudomonas aeruginosa (P. aeruginosa) has a wide range of virulence factors. These factors have the potential to increase bacterial pathogenicity and serious infection. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the virulence profiles and antibiotic susceptibility of isolates of P. aeruginosa originated from animal and human samples. The samples were cultured on selective media before being extracted for DNA and subjected to a PCR technique to detect virulence genes. There was a significant difference in the isolation of P. areuginosa isolated from human and animal sources. Where, in humans, the percentage of P. areuginosa was 52 (68.42%) while in animals the percentage of P.aeruginosa was 24 (31.57%). In humans, the percentage of P. aeruginosa in blood was 26.92% (14 isolates), in urine it was 25% (13 isolates), in wound it was 40.38%21 isolates), and in sputum it was 7.69% (4 isolates). We used a PCR technique that produced highly specific and accurate results for detecting virulence factor genes in P. aeruginosa isolates that cause disease in humans and animals. The percentage of exoA genes was (83.33%) and (81.66%) in the animal and human, and that of lasB was (58.33%) and (92.30%) in animal and human samples respectively. Furthermore, both the exoA and lasB genes are found in 26.31% of animal strains and 17.10% of human strains. The disc diffusion method was used to determine antimicrobial susceptibility. In both animal and human isolates, P. aeruginosa showed the highest resistance to amikacin and the lowest resistance to ciprofloxacin. These findings could aid in the understanding of pathogenicity processes, treatment direction, and the development of strategies to control the spread of epidemic P. aeruginosa strains.

scholarly journals Antibiotic Resistance Pattern and Evaluation of Metallo-Beta Lactamase Genes Including bla-IMP and bla-VIM Types in Pseudomonas aeruginosa Isolated from Patients in Tehran Hospitals

2014 ◽  
Vol 2014 ◽  
pp. 1-6 ◽  
Author(s):  
Samira Aghamiri ◽  
Nour Amirmozafari ◽  
Jalil Fallah Mehrabadi ◽  
Babak Fouladtan ◽  
Hossein Samadi Kafil
Keyword(s):  
Pseudomonas Aeruginosa ◽  
Antibiotic Resistance ◽  
Antibiotic Sensitivity ◽  
Diffusion Method ◽  
Resistance Pattern ◽  
Beta Lactamase ◽  
Disk Diffusion Method ◽  
Antimicrobial Sensitivity ◽  
Group B

Beta-lactamase producing strains of Pseudomonas aeruginosa are important etiological agents of hospital infections. Carbapenems are among the most effective antibiotics used against Pseudomonas infections, but they can be rendered infective by group B β-lactamase, commonly called metallo-beta lactamase. In this study, the antimicrobial sensitivity patterns of P. aeruginosa strains isolated from 9 different hospitals in Tehran, Iran, as well as the prevalence of MBLs genes (bla-VIM and bla-IMP) were determined. A total of 212 strains of P. aeruginosa recovered from patients in hospitals in Tehran were confirmed by both biochemical methods and PCR. Their antimicrobial sensitivity patterns were determined by Kirby-Bauer disk diffusion method. Following MIC determination, imipenem resistant strains were selected by DDST method which was followed by PCR tests for determination of MBLs genes: bla-IMP and bla-VIM. The results indicated that, in the DDST phenotypic method, among the 100 imipenem resistant isolates, 75 strains were MBLs positive. The PCR test indicated that 70 strains (33%) carried bla-VIM gene and 20 strains (9%) harbored bla-IMP. The results indicated that the extent of antibiotic resistance among Pseudomonas aeruginosa is on the rise. This may be due to production of MBLs enzymes. Therefore, determination of antibiotic sensitivity patterns and MBLs production by these bacteria, can be important in control of clinical Pseudomonas infection.

Multidrug-resistant Pseudomonas aeruginosa isolated from ear and wound swabs in some selected hospital laboratories in Sokoto Metropolis, Nigeria

2020 ◽  
Vol 3 ◽  
pp. 31-35
Author(s):  
A. I. Umar ◽  
I. Garba ◽  
M. L. Jidda ◽  
A. M. Ganau ◽  
A. S. Fana ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Pseudomonas Aeruginosa ◽  
Antimicrobial Agents ◽  
Opportunistic Infections ◽  
Antibiotic Sensitivity ◽  
Diffusion Method ◽  
Resistance Pattern ◽  
Multiple Drug ◽  
Drug Resistant ◽  
Sensitivity Testing ◽  
Wide Range

Objective: Pseudomonas aeruginosa is a metabolically versatile bacterium that can cause a wide range of severe opportunistic infections in patients with serious underlying conditions and can be found in most communities in Nigeria. The study was to determine the prevalence, resistance pattern and distribution of multiple drug resistant P. aeruginosa (MDR-PA) isolated from ear and wound specimens in patients attending Specialist Hospital Sokoto and Maryam Abacha Women and Children Hospital Sokoto. Materials and Methods: A total of 150 samples were analysed by standard bacteriological methods. Screening for MDR-PA was carried out by antibiotic sensitivity testing using disc diffusion method with ceftazidime (30 µg), ofloxacin (5 µg), cefuroxime (30 µg), cloxacillin (30 µg), amoxicillin (30 µg), ceftriaxone (30 µg), imipenem (10 µg), gentamycin (10 µg) and colistin (10 µg) discs on Mueller Hinton agar. Results: Of a total of 55 (36.7%) isolates of P. aeruginosa strains were obtained, 30 (54.5%) isolates were resistant to imipenem, 31 (56.3%) were resistant to ofloxacin, 44 (80.0%) to gentamycin, 53 (96.3%) to ceftazidime and cefuroxime, 50 (90.9%) to ceftrizone, 54 (98.1%) to cloxacillin and amoxycillin and lastly 15 (27.2%) to colistin. All the isolates were multi drug resistant, this probably due to improper use or over the counter purchase of antibiotics without professional oversight. Conclusion: Almost all the isolates were resistant to all the antibiotics used including colistin. There is need to improve on the public health awareness on the indiscriminate use of antimicrobial agents as it is one of the major ways microbes develop resistance to them.

scholarly journals ANTIBACTERIAL RESISTANCE PATTERN OF PSEUDOMONAS AERUGINOSA ISOLATED FROM CLINICAL SAMPLES AT A GENERAL HOSPITAL IN PADANG, WEST SUMATRA, INDONESIA

2017 ◽  
Vol 10 (8) ◽  
pp. 158
Author(s):  
Rustini Rustini ◽  
Jamsari Jamsari ◽  
Marlina Marlina ◽  
Nasrul Zubir ◽  
Yori Yuliandra
Keyword(s):  
Pseudomonas Aeruginosa ◽  
Bacterial Resistance ◽  
Clinical Sample ◽  
Opportunistic Pathogen ◽  
Positive Control ◽  
Diffusion Method ◽  
Clinical Samples ◽  
Resistance Pattern ◽  
Tract Infections ◽  
Almost All

Objectives: Pseudomonas aeruginosa is an opportunistic pathogen that has an innate resistance to some antibiotics. This bacterium is one of the mostcommon causes of nosocomial infections that include surgical wound infections, burns, and urinary tract infections. The bacteria have been reportedlyresistant to many antibiotics and have developed multidrug resistance (MDR). The objective of the study was to determine the resistance pattern ofP. aeruginosa isolated from clinical samples of patients against some major antibiotics.Methods: Isolates of P. aeruginosa were obtained from clinical sample of urine, sputum, swabs, pus, feces, and blood and cultured in cetrimide agar. P.aeruginosa ATCC 27853 was used as a positive control. The antibacterial susceptibility testing was conducted against 13 antibiotics: Ceftazidime, cefotaxime,ceftriaxone, cefoperazone, ciprofloxacin, levofloxacin, ofloxacin, gentamicin, amikacin, piperacillin, ticarcillin, meropenem, and imipenem. The examinationwas carried out using agar diffusion method of Kirby-Bauer and following the standards from Clinical and Laboratory Standards Institute (CLSI).Results: The results showed that bacterial resistance was established against all tested antibiotics. The highest number of resistance was shownagainst ceftriaxone (44.21%), whereas the most susceptibility was exhibited against amikacin (only 9.47% of resistance). MDR P. aeruginosa (MDRPA)was detected on almost all clinical samples tested, except the feces. The sample with the highest percentage of MDRPA was the pus.Conclusion: The study concludes that the most effective antibiotic against P. aeruginosa is amikacin (91.51%), whereas the most resistance is exhibited to ceftriaxone (43.16%).

scholarly journals Evaluation of Antibiotic Resistance Pattern, Alginate and Biofilm Production in Clinical Isolates of Pseudomonas aeruginosa

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Fateme DAVARZANI ◽  
Navid SAIDI ◽  
Saeed BESHARATI ◽  
Horieh SADERI ◽  
Iraj RASOOLI ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Pseudomonas Aeruginosa ◽  
Biofilm Formation ◽  
Bacterial Resistance ◽  
Antimicrobial Agents ◽  
Clinical Isolates ◽  
Diffusion Method ◽  
Clinical Samples ◽  
Resistance Pattern ◽  
Alginate Production ◽  
Opportunistic Bacteria

Background: Pseudomonas aeruginosa is one of the most common opportunistic bacteria causing nosocomial infections, which has significant resistance to antimicrobial agents. This bacterium is a biofilm and alginate producer. Biofilm increases the bacterial resistance to antibiotics and the immune system. Therefore, the present study was conducted to investigate the biofilm formation, alginate production and antimicrobial resistance patterns in the clinical isolates of P. aeruginosa. Methods: One hundred isolates of P. aeruginosa were collected during the study period (from Dec 2017 to Jul 2018) from different clinical samples of the patients admitted to Milad and Pars Hospitals at Tehran, Iran. Isolates were identified and confirmed by phenotypic and genotypic methods. Antimicrobial susceptibility was specified by the disk diffusion method. Biofilm formation and alginate production were measured by microtiter plate and carbazole assay, respectively. Results: Sixteen isolates were resistant to all the 12 studied antibiotics. Moreover, 31 isolates were MultidrugResistant (MDR). The highest resistance rate was related to ofloxacin (36 isolates) and the least resistance was related to piperacillin-tazobactam (21 isolates). All the isolates could produce the biofilm and alginate. The number of isolates producing strong, medium and weak biofilms was equal to 34, 52, and 14, respectively. Alginate production was more than 400 μg/ml in 39 isolates, 250-400 μg/ml in 51 isolates and less than 250 μg/ml in 10 isolates. Conclusion: High prevalence of MDR, biofilm formation, and alginate production were observed among the clinical isolates of P. aeruginosa. The results also showed a significant relationship between the amount of alginate production and the level of biofilm formation.

scholarly journals Prevalence of antibiotic resistance and blaIMP-1 gene among Pseudomonas aeruginosa strains isolated from burn and urinary tract infections in Isfahan, central Iran

2017 ◽  
Vol 8 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Naeimeh Sadat Hashemi ◽  
Meysam Mojiri ◽  
Parivash Yazdani Kachouyi ◽  
Shiva Eskandari ◽  
Mehrsa Mohammadian ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Pseudomonas Aeruginosa ◽  
Antibiotic Resistance ◽  
Urinary Tract ◽  
Urinary Tract Infections ◽  
Diffusion Method ◽  
Clinical Samples ◽  
Resistance Pattern ◽  
Public Health Issue ◽  
High Prevalence ◽  
Tract Infections

Pseudomonas aeruginosa is one of the most important opportunistic pathogens responsible for various types of hospital infections. High prevalence of antibiotic resistance in P. aeruginosa strains of human clinical samples cause more severe diseases for a longer period of time. The current research was done in order to study the distribution of blaIMP-1 gene among the imipenem-resistant P. aeruginosa strains isolated from burn and urinary tract infections of hospitalized patients. Two-hundred and forty-three P. aeruginosa isolates recovered from the cases of burn and urinary tract infections of inpatients and outpatients were analysis for antibiotic resistance pattern using the disk diffusion method. Then, imipenem-resistant isolates were further analyzed for distribution of blaIMP-1 gene using the PCR. Of 243 P. aeruginosa isolates, 146 strains (60.08%) were taken from outpatients and 97 strains (39.91%) were taken from inpatients. P. aeruginosa isolates harbored the highest levels of resistance against streptomycin (100%), nalidixic acid (100%), aztreonam (100%), cotrimoxazole (95.47%), ciprofloxacin (88.47%), cefotaxime (84.36%) and gentamycin (83.95%). Inpatients had a relatively higher levels of antibiotic resistance. One-hundred and twenty-one out of 126 (96.03%) imipenem-resistant P. aeruginosa isolates harbored the blaIMP-1 gene. Inpatients also had a relatively higher prevalence of blaIMP-1 gene. High prevalence of blaIMP-1 gene and also imipenemresistant P. aeruginosa are important public health issue. Clinical laboratories should consider the detection of the blaIMP-1 gene among the P. aeruginosa isolates of clinical samples.

scholarly journals New Delhi Metallo-β-lactamase (NDM)-mediated Carbapenem-Resistant Pseudomonas aeruginosa Clinical Isolates in Sudan

2018 ◽  
pp. 1-5
Author(s):  
Salma Elnour Rahma Mohamed ◽  
Alfadil Alobied ◽  
Mohamed Ibrahim Saeed ◽  
Wafa Mohamed Hussien
Keyword(s):  
Pseudomonas Aeruginosa ◽  
Teaching Hospital ◽  
Carbapenem Resistance ◽  
Clinical Isolates ◽  
Diffusion Method ◽  
New Delhi ◽  
Army Hospital ◽  
Carbapenem Resistant ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Data Documentation

Carbapenem resistance mediated by NDM is particularly gruesome as this carbapenemase can hydrolyze a wide range of β-lactam antibiotics. Aim: This study aims to detect NDM mediated carbapenem resistance in clinical isolates of Pseudomonas aeruginosa. Materials and Methods: 50 multi-drug resistant clinical urinary isolates of Pseudomonas aeruginosa from three major hospitals in Khartoum state Sudan; Khartoum Teaching Hospital, Medical Army Hospital and Omdurman teaching hospital, in period from July 2016 to September 2017, were investigated for carbapenem resistance using standard disc diffusion method and underwent real-time PCR to detect carbapenem resistance gene blaNDM. Data were analyzed using IBM SPSS. Results: 60% were positive for the blaNDM, 82% were resistant to Imipenem and 75% of the samples were resistant to Meropenem. Conclusion: The emergence of carbapenem resistance is a global problem that requires earnest attention. To make the suitable preventive measures, the emergence of these genes must be monitored closely. Our findings revealed that carbapenem-resistant due to the gene blaNDM is accounted for 60% of the cases, and due to lack of proper data documentation about the emergence of this gene in Sudan, these cases to the best of our knowledge are the first to be reported in Sudan.

scholarly journals Plasmid Profile Analysis of Pseudomonas aeruginosa Isolated from Wound Infections in a General Hospital in Southern Nigeria

2019 ◽  
pp. 1-7
Author(s):  
F. Z. Uyanga ◽  
I. A. Ibanga
Keyword(s):  
Pseudomonas Aeruginosa ◽  
Antibiotic Resistance ◽  
Care Facility ◽  
Health Care Facility ◽  
Plasmid Profile ◽  
Diffusion Method ◽  
Resistance Pattern ◽  
Wound Infections ◽  
Open Wound ◽  
Extended Spectrum Beta Lactamase

Background/Purpose: Open wound infection is a serious problem especially with extended-spectrum beta lactamase (ESBL) producing Gram negative bacteria such as P. aeruginosa. The purpose of this research was to identify open wound infections due to Pseudomonas aeruginosa and also determine their plasmid profile. Methods:  A total of 50 Pseudomonas aeruginosa isolates were obtained from clinical wound swabs in a secondary health care facility. Pseudomonas aeruginosa isolates were identified using Microbact 24E system kit. Pseudomonas aeruginosa were isolated and subjected to antibiotic susceptibility testing by disc diffusion method. ESBL production was detected using Double Disk Synergy Test (DDST) and CHROMagar ESBL (France). Six different antibiotic discs were used to determine the susceptibility pattern of the isolates. Plasmids were extracted using ZR plasmid Miniprep classic extraction Kit. Electrophoresis of the DNA was carried out on 0.8% w/v agarose gel. Results: The prevalence of Pseudomonas aeruginosa was 63%. The antibiotic resistance pattern showed that Pseudomonas aeruginosa was highly resistant against cefotaxime (90%), ofloxacin (80%), ceftazidime (55%), azetronam (60%), imipenem (25%), amoxicillin clavulanic acid (35%) and amikacin (30%). Plasmid profile was carried out on 20 selected multidrug resistant isolates; those resistant to three or more classes of antibiotics. Plasmid content of the isolates were found to be 90%. All isolates that had plasmid were resistant to cefotaxim, ceftazidime, azetronam, ofloxacin and amikacin. Conclusion: Antibiotic resistance by P. aeruginosa is increasingly high in wound infections and appears to be linked to the presence of plasmid and ESBL enzymes.

Molecular Detection of Carbapenem Resistance in Acinetobacter Baumannii Isolated From Patients in Khorramabad City, Iran

2020 ◽  
Vol 20 (4) ◽  
pp. 543-549
Author(s):  
Zeinab Babaie ◽  
Somayeh Delfani ◽  
Faranak Rezaei ◽  
Fatemeh Norolahi ◽  
Somayeh Mahdian ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Drug Resistance ◽  
Acinetobacter Baumannii ◽  
Resistance Genes ◽  
High Resistance ◽  
Diffusion Method ◽  
Resistance Pattern ◽  
Biochemical Tests ◽  
Transfer Resistance ◽  
Drug Resistance Pattern ◽  
Wide Range

Background: Acinetobacter baumannii is an opportunistic pathogen, which causes a wide range of infections in hospitals, especially in intensive care units. Nowadays, due to the high resistance of Acinetobacter bumanni to antibiotics, this study, in addition to the phenotypic and genotypic investigations of drug resistance, focused on determining the molecular types of Acinetobacter baumannii isolated from patients in Khorramabad city by the pulsed-field gel electrophoresis (PFGE) method. Materials and Methods: In this cross-sectional study, 50 samples of Acinetobacter baumannii were collected from educational hospitals in Khorramabad city, Iran, from January to August 2015. They were identified in the laboratory using biochemical tests and culture methods. After determining the drug resistance pattern by the disc diffusion method and percentage of resistance genes to carbapenems, Acinetobacter baumannii isolates were analyzed using the PFGE method using the Apa1 enzyme. Results: The highest antibiotic resistance observed for Acinetobacter baumannii strains was against ampicillin-sulbactam (100%) and aztreonam (98%). The highest sensitivity was to polymixin B (100%) and colistin (94%), and also to the OXA-51-like gene present in all samples. The OXA-23-like gene was positive in 44 (88%) samples. PFGE results showed that Acinetobacterbaumannii strains had 33 different pulsotype patterns, of which 27 patterns had more than one strain and 23 had only one strain. Conclusion: Due to the high resistance of Acinetobacter baumannii and its ease of spread and its ability to transfer resistance genes, resistance control methods should be used in the disinfection of hospital areas. Hospital staff should observe hygiene standards and there should also be a reduction in antibiotic use.

Detection of Virulence Factors and Antibiotic Resistance Pattern of Clinical and Intensive Care Unit Environmental Isolates of Pseudomonas aeruginosa

2020 ◽  
Vol 20 (5) ◽  
pp. 758-762
Author(s):  
Omid Zarei ◽  
Hassan Mahmoudi ◽  
Ali Mohammadi Bardbari ◽  
Pezhman Karami ◽  
Mohammad Yousef Alikhani
Keyword(s):  
Intensive Care Unit ◽  
Pseudomonas Aeruginosa ◽  
Antibiotic Resistance ◽  
Intensive Care ◽  
Virulence Factors ◽  
Opportunistic Pathogen ◽  
Diffusion Method ◽  
Resistance Pattern ◽  
Disk Diffusion Method ◽  
Human Infections

Background: Pseudomonas aeruginosa is a gram-negative non-glucose fermenting aerobic bacteria and an opportunistic pathogen in humans and animals. The present study was carried out to investigate the distribution of virulence factors and antibiotic resistance properties of P. aeruginosa isolated from patients and intensive care unit (ICU) environment. Material and Methods: A total of 116 P. aeruginosa isolated from patients and ICU environment were collected from Besat hospital in Hamadan, the West of Iran. P. aeruginosa isolates were analyzed based on the presence of the virulence factors encoding genes included exoA, exoS, exoU, and algD using polymerase chain reaction (PCR). Antimicrobial susceptibility test was performed using a disk diffusion method. Results: The results showed the prevalence of exoA 33 (56.9%), exoS 21 (36.20%), exoU 37 (63.8%), and algD 35 (60.34%) genes in ICU environment P. aeruginosa strains and exo A 23 (39.25%), exoS 25 (43.1%), exoU 40(68.98%), and algD 25 (43.1%) genes in clinical isolates of P. aeruginosa. High resistance levels of the clinical and ICU environment isolate to ampicillinsulbactam (100%), were also observed. Conclusions: Our findings should raise awareness about antibiotic resistance in hospitalized patients in Iran. Clinicians should exercise caution in prescribing antibiotics, especially in cases of human infections.

The prediction of the spectrum of biological activity and antimicrobial properties of diaminoazoles

2019 ◽  
Vol 65 (2) ◽  
pp. 99-102 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yu.V. Butina ◽  
T.V. Kudayarova ◽  
E.A. Danilova ◽  
M.K. Islyaikin
Keyword(s):  
Antibacterial Activity ◽  
Biological Activity ◽  
Antimicrobial Properties ◽  
Biological Properties ◽  
Diffusion Method ◽  
Bacterial Strains ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Alternative Drugs

The work is devoted to predicting and studying biological properties of N-substituted analogs of 3,5-diamino-1,2,4-thiadiazole, which, in their turn, include in the composition of many drugs that exhibit a wide range of pharmacological actions. For searching of new alternative drugs with an antibacterial activity, but lacking resistance of microorganism strains to them, a computer screening of 2N-alkyl-substituted 5-amino-3-imino-1,2,4-thiadiazolines previously synthesized by us was carried out. The prediction of the spectrum of biological activity, as well as the determination of the probable toxicity of these compounds, was performed using the freely available computer programs PASS, Anti-Bac-Pred, and GUSAR. The study of the antibacterial activity in vitro against gram-positive (Staphylococcus aureus, Staphylococcus saprophyticus, Staphylococcus epidermidis) and gram-negative (Escherichia coli, Pseudomonas aeruginosae) bacterial strains was performed by the disco-diffusion method. Experimental data roughly correspond to the predictions.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document