scholarly journals G.W. Leibniz: Sign and the Problem of Expression

2020 ◽  
Vol 57 (1) ◽  
pp. 146-165
Author(s):  
Dimitri A. Bayuk ◽  
Olga B. Fedorova ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Scientific Knowledge ◽  
Theoretical Foundation ◽  
Central Place ◽  
Natural Sciences ◽  
Research Field ◽  
Practical Science ◽  
Long Period ◽  
The Matrix ◽  
Long Life ◽  
Characteristica Universalis

The disciplinary differentiation of sciences attracted Leibniz’s attention for a long period of time. From nowadays prospects it looks very well grounded as soon as in Leibniz’s manuscripts a modern scholar finds clue ideas of any research field which would tempt him to consider Leibniz as one of the founders of this particular discipline. We argue that this is possible only in retrospection and would significantly distort the essence of Leibniz’s epistemology. Our approach implies, in contrary, the investigation of the Leibniz doctrine of signs on the background of the related philosophical problem, that of expression. The choice of semiotics is justified by the fact that it took a central place in his theoretical constructions, both those of natural sciences and of philosophy. In Leibniz system of knowledge the concept of notes (notae) and sings (signa) served a theoretical foundation of his most important and long-life aspiration to build up practical science of universal characteristics (characteristica universalis). In his eyes this practical science was the science of sciences (Scientia scientiarum), and we can consider it as the matrix for all possible scientific knowledge.

scholarly journals The role of the multidisciplinary approach in the philosophy of history

2020 ◽  
Vol 19 (7-8) ◽  
pp. 32-36
Author(s):  
Svetlana Yu. Anisimova ◽  
Tatyana V. Borisova
Keyword(s):  
Scientific Knowledge ◽  
Multidisciplinary Approach ◽  
Historical Memory ◽  
Interdisciplinary Approach ◽  
Natural Sciences ◽  
Philosophy Of History ◽  
Research Field ◽  
Methodological Status ◽  
Nature And Society

The article discusses the role of the disciplinary approach in the study of historical memory. In the modern research field, the methodological status of an interdisciplinary approach is becoming more and more popular. It is connected with the problems of the new ontology formation, where the general foundations between nature and society are investigated. Many sciences use the of interdisciplinary methodology to understand the interaction of the natural sciences and the humanities. Today, the organization of interdisciplinarity is actively criticized, which does not take into account the interconnection between natural sciences and humanities. The absence of this relationship is manifested in the problems of historical memory. Therefore, the idea is being advanced to justify the fundamental status of historical memory, it is necessary to change the organization of scientific knowledge.

scholarly journals Gender perspective in migration studies

Sociologija ◽  
2013 ◽  
Vol 55 (2) ◽  
pp. 317-332
Author(s):  
Jelena Pesic
Keyword(s):  
Theoretical Foundation ◽  
Research Field ◽  
Specific Aspect ◽  
Migration Studies ◽  
Research Focus ◽  
Field Development ◽  
Social Sciences And Humanities ◽  
Gradual Development ◽  
Long Time ◽  
Postmodern Philosophy

Research field of migration has been developing for a long time parallel to and outside mainstream institutional academic sociology and its theoretical foundation. In the last two decades, within the field of migration studies, one specific aspect of the phenomena came to the research focus: gender, as significant factor that influences on motivation for migration, shaping, at the same time, its characteristics and specific experiences. With decisive breakthrough of qualitative methods in social sciences and humanities, as well as with gradual development of postmodern philosophy and feminist theory, gender migration studies have been established as research sub-discipline, with its own theoretical and categorical scientific apparatus (as well as institutional-academic grounding), managing more or less successfully to explain and understand multidimensional character of migration processes. This text represents an attempt to make relatively concise overview of disciplines? historical, theoretical and research field development, as a first step in its broader affirmation within Serbian institutional sociology.

scholarly journals Bibliometric Analysis of Studies on Tumor Organoids

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Qiwei Chen ◽  
Yu Zhang ◽  
Kun Li ◽  
Zhikai Zhang ◽  
Ya Wang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Future Development ◽  
Hot Spots ◽  
High Frequency ◽  
Visual Analysis ◽  
Drug Effects ◽  
Research Field ◽  
The Matrix ◽  
Genetic Mechanisms ◽  
Double Clustering ◽  
High Frequency Words

Abstract Background: Organoid is an artificially grown mass of cells or tissues, which is similar to an organ. It can replicate the complexity of an organ and can be used for gaining a better understanding of diseases. In this study, the hot spots of “organoids” were classified into 6 categories and 10 aspects, and organoids used for studying genetic mechanisms, drug effect, and metabolism of tumors showed the greatest potential for future development.Methods: A total of 1550 articles relevant to organoid in tumor research field were recruited as research samples. High-frequency words and text/co-word matrix were constructed by BICOMB software. gCLUTO software was applied to analyze the matrix by double-clustering and visual analysis subsequently to identify the hotspot in this area.Results: We constructed a text and co-word matrix composed of 21 high-frequency words and 1550 articles and generated a hotspot “peak map” based on double-clustering analysis. The strategic coordinates approach was used to assess the research prospects of each hotspot and the connections between these hotspots.Conclusions: In this study, we classified the hot-spots of “organoid” into 6 categories and 10 aspects. Calculation and analysis revealed that the field of tumor organoid shows a slight trend of polarization, and organoid for studying the genetic mechanisms, drug effects and metabolism of tumor shows the greatest potential for future development.

W.E.B. Du Bois and interdisciplinarity: A comprehensive picture of the scholar’s approach to natural science

2020 ◽  
pp. 1468795X2093862
Author(s):  
Jordan Fox Besek ◽  
Patrick Trent Greiner ◽  
Brett Clark
Keyword(s):  
Social Science ◽  
Scientific Knowledge ◽  
Natural Science ◽  
Natural Sciences ◽  
Scientific Racism ◽  
Sociological Approach ◽  
Du Bois ◽  
Critical Engagement ◽  
Comprehensive Picture ◽  
Socially Situated

Throughout his life, W.E.B. Du Bois actively engaged the scientific racism infecting natural sciences and popular thought. Nevertheless, he also demonstrated a sophisticated and critical engagement with natural science. He recognized that the sciences were socially situated, but also that they addressed real questions and issues. Debate remains, however, regarding exactly how and why Du Bois incorporated such natural scientific knowledge into his own thinking. In this article, we draw on archival research and Du Bois’ own scholarship to investigate his general approach to interdisciplinarity. We address how and why he fused natural scientific knowledge and the influence of physical environs into his social science, intertwining each with his broader intellectual and political aims. This investigation will offer a fuller understanding of the scope and aims of his empirical scholarship. At the same time, it will illuminate a sociological approach to natural science that can still inform scholarship today.

Reliability of Vibration Transfer Path Systems

2015 ◽  
Vol 752-753 ◽  
pp. 778-783 ◽  
Author(s):  
Wei Zhao ◽  
Ping Chen ◽  
Yi Min Zhang
Keyword(s):  
Finite Element ◽  
Theoretical Foundation ◽  
Stochastic Finite Element ◽  
Dynamic Design ◽  
Transfer Path ◽  
Practical Project ◽  
Mathematical Expressions ◽  
Matrix Calculus ◽  
The Matrix ◽  
Element Theory

Based on the matrix calculus, the generalized second moment technique and the stochastic finite element theory, the effective approach for the transfer reliability of vibration transfer path systems was presented. The transfer reliability of vibration transfer path systems with uncertain path parameters including mass and stiffness was analyzed theoretically and computed numerically, and the correlated mathematical expressions were obtained. Thus, it provides the theoretical foundation for the dynamic design of vibration systems in practical project, so that most uncertain factors can be considered to solve the random problems for vibration transfer path systems.

Wilhelm Dilthey (1833–1911)

2014 ◽  
Author(s):  
Andrus Tool
Keyword(s):  
Organizational Culture ◽  
Martin Heidegger ◽  
Scientific Knowledge ◽  
Natural Sciences ◽  
Human Sciences ◽  
Specific Nature ◽  
Wilhelm Dilthey ◽  
Helmuth Plessner ◽  
Hans Georg Gadamer

Wilhelm Dilthey initially studied theology in Germany but later shifted to philosophy and history. He tackled the specific nature of human sciences in relation to natural sciences and initiated a debate on the connection between understanding and explanation in scientific knowledge. In addition to his own school, he exerted influence on fellow philosophers Martin Heidegger, Helmuth Plessner, and Hans-Georg Gadamer. This chapter explores the formation of Dilthey’s philosophical views, including the principle of phenomenality, the theory of human sciences, and the role of inner experience as the main source of cognition in human sciences. It also discusses his later work and his arguments concerning empirical factuality, congealed objectivity, and processual reality. Finally, the chapter examines how ideas similar to those of Dilthey have influenced organizational culture and dynamics.

scholarly journals Matrix of cognitive domains for Komi local cases

2012 ◽  
Vol 3 (1) ◽  
pp. 373-394
Author(s):  
Nikolay Kuznetsov
Keyword(s):  
Cognitive Linguistics ◽  
Central Place ◽  
The Other ◽  
Cognitive Domains ◽  
Concrete Situation ◽  
Internal Organization ◽  
The Matrix ◽  
Estonian Language

The semantics of local cases in the framework of the theory of cognitive linguistics has got an internal organization in the form of a matrix of cognitive domains, wherein each of them demonstrates the schematization of the choice of some concrete situation. The zones of its crossing indicate on the parts of the transition from one domain to another. Partial usages of cases belonging to transitional parts are peripheral in respect to prototypical ones. Space has got the central place in the matrix of cognitive domains being the basic cognitive field for all local cases. Anyway, all the other cognitive domains are somehow connected with space having got more or less similarity with it. I’m trying to perform a matrix of cognitive domains for spatial cases of the Komi language analogically with the analysis of cognitive domains of external local cases in the Estonian language (see Vainik 1995).

scholarly journals How bacteria hack the matrix and dodge the bullets of immunity

2018 ◽  
Vol 27 (148) ◽  
pp. 180018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Magnus Paulsson ◽  
Kristian Riesbeck
Keyword(s):  
Extracellular Matrix ◽  
Bacterial Adhesion ◽  
Moraxella Catarrhalis ◽  
Therapeutic Potential ◽  
Research Field ◽  
Surface Structures ◽  
Matrix Proteins ◽  
High Affinity ◽  
The Matrix ◽  
New Vaccines

Haemophilus influenzae,Moraxella catarrhalisandPseudomonas aeruginosaare common Gram-negative pathogens associated with an array of pulmonary diseases. All three species have multiple adhesins in their outer membrane,i.e.surface structures that confer the ability to bind to surrounding cells, proteins or tissues. This mini-review focuses on proteins with high affinity for the components of the extracellular matrix such as collagen, laminin, fibronectin and vitronectin. Adhesins are not structurally related and may be lipoproteins, transmembrane porins or large protruding trimeric auto-transporters. They enable bacteria to avoid being cleared together with mucus by attaching to patches of exposed extracellular matrix, or indirectly adhering to epithelial cells using matrix proteins as bridging molecules. As more adhesins are being unravelled, it is apparent that bacterial adhesion is a highly conserved mechanism, and that most adhesins target the same regions on the proteins of the extracellular matrix. The surface exposed adhesins are prime targets for new vaccines and the interactions between proteins are often possible to inhibit with interfering molecules,e.g. heparin. In conclusion, this highly interesting research field of microbiology has unravelled host–pathogen interactions with high therapeutic potential.

Scholarship and Inquiry in Early Mesopotamia

2016 ◽  
Vol 2 (2) ◽  
pp. 109-143
Author(s):  
Paul Delnero
Keyword(s):  
Social Context ◽  
Knowledge Acquisition ◽  
Scientific Knowledge ◽  
Scientific Inquiry ◽  
Central Place ◽  
Ample Evidence ◽  
The Social ◽  
Knowledge And Practice ◽  
The Many ◽  
Shed Light

AbstractThousands of texts documenting the activities of scribes and scholars that shed light on the social context of scholarship and scientific inquiry survive from the first half of Mesopotamian history (c. 3400 bc to c. 1600 bc). Since these texts provide ample evidence that scholarship occupied a central place in Mesopotamian culture and society during the period in question, examining their content is essential to reconstructing what can be known about scientific knowledge and practice in the ancient world. In this chapter some of this evidence will be considered in order to present a modest overview of the social position and intellectual processes of knowledge acquisition and inquiry during the first phase of Mesopotamian history and to address preliminarily some of the many questions that can be asked about scholarship and inquiry in early Mesopotamia.

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