scholarly journals Descriptive retrospective of the prevalence of gender, age group and confirmation criteria for cases of leptospirosis in the state of Pará

2021 ◽  
Vol 15 (3) ◽  
Author(s):  
Marcos Soares de Freitas ◽  
Ana Patrícia Moreira Pereira Seleski ◽  
Hipócrates de Menezes Chalkidis ◽  
Welligton Conceição da Silva ◽  
Raimundo Nonato Colares Camargo Junior
Keyword(s):  
The State ◽  
Age Group

scholarly journals Prevalence of female urinary incontinence in the state of Roraima, Brazil

2017 ◽  
Vol 30 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Mário Maciel De Lima Junior ◽  
Elizângela Castelo Branco
Keyword(s):  
Urinary Incontinence ◽  
Overactive Bladder ◽  
Stress Incontinence ◽  
Elderly Women ◽  
The State ◽  
Age Group ◽  
Mixed Incontinence ◽  
Social Discomfort ◽  
Significant Health

Urinary incontinence (UI) is a significant health problem leading to physical, psychological and social discomfort, especially in elderly women. A study of prevalence and classification of UI in the Roraima state was taken up to aid in formulation of healthcare policy and improvement of patient referral facilities. A retrospective study of 765 female patients who have undergone urodynamic examination between November 2013 and December 2014 has been conducted. Subjects were classified in to diagnostic classes: normal, stress incontinence, mixed incontinence, sensitive emergency, overactive bladder, and others. The overall prevalence of UI was 58.4%. The highest prevalence was observed in the menopausal age group (45- 49 years). Among the etiologies of UI, stress incontinence ranked highest at 30.9%, followed by overactive bladder at 6.9%. In the 25-55 years age group, stress incontinence was predominant (50-63%), while overactive bladder became significant (14-44%) in later years. The prevalence of UI in women in the state of Roraima, was high, in line with its prevalence in Brazil, as well as other western countries.

scholarly journals Bilingualism in Latvian and Russian in the context of demographic processes in Latvia

2011 ◽  
Vol 2 (2) ◽  
pp. 177-190
Author(s):  
Vineta Poriņa
Keyword(s):  
Bilingual Education ◽  
Ethnic Minorities ◽  
The State ◽  
Entire Population ◽  
Age Group ◽  
Dominant Language ◽  
Demographic Processes ◽  
Similar Decrease ◽  
State Language ◽  
Common World

This article deals with Latvian becoming the dominant language in Latvia. The results of the study show that the proportion of Latvians increased from 52% in 1989 to 57.7% in 2000 and to 59.3% in 2009. The percentage of the entire population who are speakers of Latvian increased from 61.7% in 1989 to 79% in 2000 and 93% in 2008 (Latvijas 2000. gada tautskaites rezultāti 2002, Valoda 2008). Since regaining independence, many positive changes regarding the de facto functioning of Latvian have taken place in Latvia e.g. the proportion of non-Latvians purporting to possess good knowledge of Latvian increased 10–15% between 2000 and 2008, whilst a similar decrease is registered for those whose knowledge of Latvian is weak. The most dramatic increase in Latvian speakers is in the 15–34 age group, which must be attributed to bilingual education; Latvian is becoming a more frequent tool of communication between Latvians and ethnic minorities. At present, the favourable conditions for the strengthening of the state language are contrary to common world practice.

Young Russians are increasingly prepared to protest

2019 ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Due Process ◽  
The State ◽  
Age Group ◽  
Content Type ◽  
State Institutions ◽  
Speaking Out ◽  
The People ◽  
Political Events ◽  
Younger Age ◽  
Do So

Significance Although Ustinov, 23, says he was not even part of the demonstration, his case became a cause celebre pointing to a gulf between the Kremlin and the people, particularly a younger generation that seems less fearful of speaking out. The court's unusual step reflects concerns that the case against Ustinov is fabricated, and that tough action against protesters compounded with indifference to due process risks a loss of legitimacy for the state. Impacts Russians, including the young, are losing trust in state institutions across the board. Many in the younger age-group are considering emigration, and have the personal and other resources to do so. Environmental protests are more likely to be given official authorisation than political events.

scholarly journals Confirmed cases of tuberculosis in Brazil, in the North Region, in the State of Amapá and in the Municipality of Macapá, between 2013 and 2017

2020 ◽  
pp. 144-154
Author(s):  
Michele da Cruz de Jesus ◽  
Lucas Facco Silva ◽  
Amanda Alves Fecury ◽  
Euzébio de Oliveira ◽  
Carla Viana Dendasck ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Social Vulnerability ◽  
Pathogenic Bacteria ◽  
The State ◽  
Tropical Diseases ◽  
Age Group ◽  
The North ◽  
Primary Health ◽  
Working Age ◽  
Home Assistance ◽  
Testing And Counseling

Tuberculosis (TB) is an infectious disease caused by pathogenic bacteria. The bacillus is transmitted mainly through the coughing mechanism, in addition to sneezing and speech, which are responsible for releasing droplets of saliva. In Brazil, 69,569 new cases of tuberculosis were confirmed in 2017. In the Brazilian state of Amapá, still in 2017, there were 237 new cases of tuberculosis reported. The objective of this work is to compare the percentage of confirmed cases of tuberculosis in Brazil, in the North region, in the state of Amapá and in the municipality of Macapá, between the years 2013 and 2017. Data were collected on the DATASUS website. Co-infections as well as alcoholism, drug use, urban agglomerations and the individual’s nutritional status can also represent factors that increase tuberculosis cases. Social vulnerability and little primary health care also favor an increase in these numbers. Having a Tropical Diseases Reference Center (CRDT), which also includes the Testing and Counseling Center (CTA) and Therapeutic Home Assistance (ADT) helps in detecting cases, streamlining and controlling the treatment of patients. Men in the working age group are more affected due to their necessary social interaction for work.

scholarly journals Confirmed cases of malaria in Brazil between 2011 and 2015

2020 ◽  
pp. 05-16
Author(s):  
Hellen Karine Santos Almeida ◽  
Amanda Alves Fecury ◽  
Euzébio Oliveira ◽  
Carla Viana Dendasck ◽  
Claudio Alberto Gellis de Mattos Dias
Keyword(s):  
Higher Education ◽  
High School ◽  
Urban Environment ◽  
Urban Area ◽  
The State ◽  
Age Group ◽  
Breeding Sites ◽  
Genus Plasmodium ◽  
It Department ◽  
Southeastern Region

Malaria is a worldwide disease that causes a high number of deaths. It is caused by the bite of the Anopholes mosquito infected by the parasitic protozoan of the genus Plasmodium. The purpose of this article is to show the numbers of confirmed cases of malaria in Brazil, regarding the years of confirmation, the age group and the notification region, between the years 2011 to 2015. Data taken from the SUS IT department, DATASUS and from articles. There was a decline in the number of the period cited, people between the age group of 20 to 39 years, followed by the group between 49 and 59 years, the largest number of cases occurred with male people, the largest number of cases occurred with people of white race followed by browns, the highest number of cases per schooling is unknown where schooling is known, the highest numbers are with people from complete high school, followed by people with complete higher education, most cases occurred in an urban area , the southeastern region has the highest number of confirmed cases of malaria in the period, the highest number of cases occurred in the state of Rondônia. It is concluded that campaigns had an influence on society and collaborated with the reduction of the number of communicable diseases like malaria. Men work in areas with a higher risk of contamination and in places of vector proliferation, so they are more exposed to areas of mosquito proliferation and contagion. In Brazil the majority of the population is recognized as being white and brown, respectively, so the numbers show these ethnicities as the most infected. The mosquito seems to proliferate more easily in places where there have been man-made changes. The urban environment, as it is an extremely modified place, causes a greater number of cases due to the greater availability of breeding sites. It is believed that for this reason the southeastern region has a greater number of cases and because it is also one of the regions of the country that has suffered the most changes by man. The opening of highways and the increase in settlements facilitate contact between mosquitoes and humans. The state of Rondônia has a large number of settlements and deforestation to accommodate progress.

scholarly journals Change in the state of an exploited fish population: From individual indicators to integral assessment

2020 ◽  
Vol 28 (4) ◽  
pp. 405-410
Author(s):  
E. I. Boznak ◽  
V. G. Tereshchenko ◽  
A. B. Zakharov
Keyword(s):  
Fish Habitat ◽  
Fish Population ◽  
The State ◽  
Age Group ◽  
Integral Index ◽  
Theoretical Concepts ◽  
The Status ◽  
European Part Of Russia ◽  
Integral Assessment ◽  
The Impact

We adapted the approach used for the integral assessment of the status of ecosystems in order to assess population status. Classic theoretical concepts of fish population dynamics are the basis of this approach. The convolution of information about changes in several structural and functional characteristics into one integral index was performed using the analytical function of desirability. The index varied 0 to 1 and quantitatively characterizes the state of the population. This approach was tested on the example of the European grayling Thymallus thymallus (Linnaeus, 1758), inhabiting the Vym River (basin of the Northern Dvina River, North of the European part of Russia). The materials were collected during the environmental monitoring carried out by the Institute of Biology of Komi Science Centre of the Ural Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences (IB FRC Komi SC UB RAS) in 2002, 2005–2019. The population parameters used in the calculations (relative abundance; average and maximum age of fish; the proportion of matured individuals in the 4+ age group; average specific growth rate of fish at the age of 6+; body weight of fish in the age group 6+) were characterized on the basis of the control net catches. Compared with the period 2005–2006, the value of the integral index in 2015–2018 decreased by almost two times. This indicates deterioration in the condition of the grayling group in the study area. There were no serious disturbances in the fish habitat in this area. The main hydrochemical and hydrobiological indicators have not changed significantly. The main reason for the observed changes is likely the significant increase in the impact of recreational anglers. The proposed integral index may be useful both for assessing the state of fish populations and for developing measures for the rational management of fish stocks.

scholarly journals Potential years of life lost by external causes among children from one to nine years of age from 2000 to 2018 in a brazilian state

2020 ◽  
Vol 9 (11) ◽  
pp. e3389119799
Author(s):  
Luisa Chrisdayla Macêdo Santos ◽  
Anando Rodrigues de Carvalho ◽  
Maria Bianca Pereira Freitas ◽  
Emanuel Thomaz de Aquino Oliveira ◽  
Fernando Rocha dos Santos ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Information System ◽  
Causes Of Death ◽  
Sudden Onset ◽  
The State ◽  
Years Of Life Lost ◽  
Age Group ◽  
Average Life ◽  
Pedestrian Accidents ◽  
External Causes ◽  
The Impact

Introduction: Injuries or any other health problems with sudden onset, generated by violence or other exogenous cause, are called external causes (EC). The indicator Potential Years of Life Lost - PYLL expresses the impact of early deaths in relation to the life expectancy for a given population. ECs were the major causes of death in children aged 1 to 9 years with 1,037 deaths (19.38%). Objective: To determine PYLL by EC among children aged 1 to 9 years in the state of Piauí, Brazil. Methods: This is a retrospective, longitudinal study with a quantitative approach. Its scenario is the State of Piauí. The population and sample were composed of deaths from EC registered in the Mortality Information System - MIS from Brazil, which occurred in children in the intended age group. For data analysis, the method that establishes a limit age for the calculation of PYLL was used, based on the average life of the population. Results: In Piauí between January 2000 and December 2018, there were 1,037 deaths (11.67%). The highest number of PYLL was found among male children, aged 5 to 9 years. Deaths caused by drowning were predominant, with 258 deaths (24.9%), being responsible for 16,857 PYLL, followed by accidents with pedestrians, with 184 deaths (17.8%), adding up to 11,911.5 years. Conclusion: Accidental drowning and submersion and pedestrian accidents predominate as the main EC. It can be estimated that 67,581 years of life for children aged 1 to 9 years were lost by EC in Piauí.

scholarly journals The characteristic of factorial structure of the general(common) physical readiness of girls of 11-15 years

2013 ◽  
pp. 48-52 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ж. Л. Козіна ◽  
Н. Попова
Keyword(s):  
The State ◽  
Factorial Analysis ◽  
Physical Culture ◽  
Age Group ◽  
Factorial Structure ◽  
State Tests ◽  
And Training

In work are submitted results of pedagogical testing of girls of 11-15 years under the state tests of Ukraine. The factorial analysis of parameters of testing for each age group was carried out(spent). It was revealed, that structure of physical readiness of girls of 11-15 years different for each age group. It is necessary for taking into account at construction of lessons of physical culture and training employment(occupations) on any kinds of sports.Key words: physical readiness, factorial structure.  

scholarly journals INCIDÊNCIA E MORTALIDADE POR CÂNCER DE PRÓSTATA NO TOCANTINS E PALMAS, NO PERÍODO DE 2010 A 2014.

2019 ◽  
Vol 6 (1) ◽  
pp. 27-30
Author(s):  
Amanda Mesquita Grangeiro ◽  
Kênia Marques Novato ◽  
João Lucas Rosa ◽  
Daniel Loures Deotti Nunes ◽  
Giovanni Montinni Sandoval
Keyword(s):  
Prostate Cancer ◽  
Malignant Neoplasm ◽  
The Elderly ◽  
The State ◽  
Age Group ◽  
Keywords Prostate Cancer ◽  
Cáncer De Próstata ◽  
Incidence And Mortality ◽  
Keywords Prostate ◽  
Icd 10

OBJETIVO: Realizar um levantamento acerca da incidência e mortalidade por câncer de próstata no Estado do Tocantins e na cidade de Palmas, no período entre 2010 e 2014. MATERIAIS E MÉTODOS: Realizado estudo retrospectivo utilizando como fonte de dados às estimativas para o biênio 2016-2017 do INCA e o Atlas Online de Mortalidade. Foram considerados, para critério de inclusão, os pacientes que tiveram como causa do óbito o câncer de próstata em todas as idades, sendo analisada a abrangência no Brasil e no Estado do Tocantins. Para o tabulamento dos dados, foi considerada a distribuição por faixa etária, selecionando-se o ano, a região, e a classificação do tumor primário de acordo com o Código Internacional de Doenças, CID-10 C61, que corresponde à neoplasia maligna de próstata. RESULTADOS: Em valores absolutos, durante o período de 2010 a 2014, o total de mortes em decorrência do câncer de próstata, foi de 513. Em análise por faixa etária, não foram registrados óbitos em idade de 0 a 29 anos, observando-se mortalidade apenas a partir dos 30 anos de idade. Segundo a Atlas Online de Mortalidade do INCA, o câncer de próstata foi a neoplasia com maior mortalidade nos anos de 2010 a 2014 no Estado do Tocantins, sendo a maior taxa de 18,08 por 100 mil homens, no ano de 2014. CONCLUSÃO: O câncer de próstata é a neoplasia que mais mata os homens no Brasil, especialmente os indivíduos de idade mais avançada, essa realidade também se faz presente no estado do Tocantins. A idade avançada e o histórico familiar, apresentam –se como as principais causas, mostrando a necessidade de uma política de saúde voltada para esses grupos específicos que esteja focada nas estratégias de prevenção e o diagnóstico precoce. Palavras-chave: câncer de próstata, mortalidade, neoplasia. ABSTRACT OBJECTIVE: To carry out a survey about the incidence and mortality of prostate cancer in the state of Tocantins and in the city of Palmas, between 2010 and 2014. MATERIALS AND METHODS: A retrospective study was carried out, based on the estimates for the biennium 2016-2017 and the Online Atlas of Mortality. Patients of all ages who had prostate cancer as the cause of death were considered. In addition, the survey for the mortality of this pathology covers the incidence in Brazil and in the state of Tocantins. The distribution by age group was considered, and for the data tabulation, the year and region were also considered, the primary tumor being in accordance to the International Code of Diseases, ICD-10 C61, which corresponds to malignant neoplasm of the prostate. RESULTS: In absolute values, during the period from 2010 to 2014, the total number of deaths due to prostate cancer was 513. In analysis by age group, no deaths were recorded from 0 to 29 years old, observing mortality only after 30 years of age. According to the INCA’s Online Atlas of Mortality, prostate cancer was the neoplasm with the highest mortality in the years of 2010 until 2014 in the state of Tocantins, with the highest rate of 18.08 per 100 thousand men in 2014. CONCLUSION: Prostate cancer is the neoplasm that most kills men in Brazil, especially the elderly. This reality is also present in the state of Tocantins. Old age and family history are presented as the main causes, which shows the need for a health policy focused on these specific groups, more specifically, on prevention strategies and early diagnosis. Keywords: prostate cancer, mortality, neoplasm.

scholarly journals A METÁTESE NA VARIEDADE DO INTERIOR PAULISTA

Muitas Vozes ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 10 ◽  
pp. 1-23
Author(s):  
J. A. DIAS ◽  
M. C. CARMO
Keyword(s):  
Elementary Education ◽  
Linear Order ◽  
Social Stigma ◽  
Change Theory ◽  
Sao Paulo ◽  
The State ◽  
Linguistic Variation ◽  
Age Group ◽  
São Paulo ◽  
Level Of Education

This work analyzes the phonetic-phonological phenomenon named metathesis in the variety spoken in the inland of São Paulo, more precisely in the Northwest of the state. Through this phenomenon, ancient in Portuguese, there is an inversion in the linear order of sounds such as sa.tis.fa.ção ~ sas.ti.fa.ção (‘satisfaction’). Based on the assumptions of the Linguistic Variation and Change Theory (LABOV, 2008), 48 interviews from the IBORUNA database (Projeto Amostra Linguística do Interior Paulista – ALIP – [Linguistic Sample from Inland of São Paulo] GONÇALVES, 2021 [2007]), were investigated in order to verify possible linguistic and extralinguistic conditioners that motivate the phenomenon. As a result, 18 metathesis occurrences were found. Of these cases, 11 were progressive metathesis, six regressive and one reciprocal. It was also observed that most of the occurrences involve /r/ and are classified as perceptual metathesis. In respect of extralinguistic variables, the phenomenon is more frequent in the speech of masculine sex/gender (72% of the cases); in the age group older than 55 years old; and level of education of the second cycle of Elementary Education, which seems to provide evidence of social stigma.

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