scholarly journals Buckwheat selection for resistance to extreme environmental factors

2020 ◽  
Vol 27 ◽  
pp. 55-60
Author(s):  
L. A. Vilchynska ◽  
O. P. Horodyska ◽  
M. V. Diyanchuk
Keyword(s):  
Drought Tolerance ◽  
Quality Indicators ◽  
Grain Quality ◽  
Vegetation Period ◽  
Source Material ◽  
High Yield ◽  
Breeding Programs ◽  
Material Evaluation ◽  
Field Assessment ◽  
Economically Valuable Traits

Aim. Based on the usage of samples from the buckwheat genus collection, create and evaluate new source material for drought tolerance, productivity, and quality indicators. Methods. Testing, material evaluation, analysis of plants, yield and grain quality were carried out in accordance with the generally accepted methods of the State variety testing. Results. A laboratory and field assessment of the initial parental forms selected from the collection of the buckwheat genus, involved in hybridization and hybrid combinations based on them based on drought tolerance in the conditions of Podilskyi State Agrarian and Engineering University during 2006–2019 was carried out. It was revealed that the donors for creating new source material on the basis of drought tolerance are the varieties Skorostyhla 86, Smuglianka, Kazanka, Alyonushka, and Veselka. Buckwheat numbers 7/07, 8/07, 2/07, 24/06 have a vegetation period shorter by 5–12 days, drought tolerance 35,4–47,3 % higher, 0,3–0,7 t higher / ha grain yield and high quality indicators compared with the standard Victoria variety. Conclusions. Selected samples with economically valuable traits (7/06, 4/07, 23/06, 5/07, 6/07, 16/07, 15/07, 25/06, 24/06, 22/06) use in breeding programs to create more drought-resistant buckwheat varieties with high yield and grain quality. Keywords: buckwheat, selection, drought tolerance, express method, productivity and quality indicators.

scholarly journals Use of the collection of the buckwhears genus in breeding programs

2020 ◽  
Vol 27 ◽  
pp. 221-225
Author(s):  
M. V. Diyanchyk ◽  
L. A. Vilchynska
Keyword(s):  
First Generation ◽  
Grain Quality ◽  
Source Material ◽  
Cereal Crops ◽  
Breeding Programs ◽  
Biometric Parameters ◽  
Material Evaluation ◽  
Early Ripening ◽  
Selection Of ◽  
Variety Testing

Aim. Using the hybridization method on the basis of the ecological and geographical principle of parental pairs selection, to create a new source material in the selection of buckwheat and conduct a comprehensive assessment of it. Methods. Testing, material evaluation, analysis of plants, yield and grain quality were carried out in accordance with the generally accepted methods of the State variety testing. Results. A new source material was created and evaluated in the selection of buckwheat based on the attraction to the hybridization of samples from the collection of the buckwheat genus, in particular, varieties Snezhen, Botansoba, Nokheda, Prymorska 7, collection sample No. 4013, Victoria Podilska, Belorussian early ripening, Arosa. Hybrid samples are compared with the Victoria standard variety. It was revealed that direct and reverse hybrids of the first generation from crossing varieties: Botansoba and Snezhen, Snezhen and Victoria Podilska, Nokheda and Snezhen are characterized by higher yields by 0.38–0.80 c/ha compared to the standard. Conclusions. We plan to continue testing the best breeding numbers in the following nurseries of the breeding process. Better with biometric and yield indicators, we plan to use breeding numbers in the breeding programs of the Scientific Research Institute of Cereal Crops of the PDATU. Keywords: hybridization, growing season, biometric parameters, yield.

scholarly journals Genetic Advance of Durum Wheat Under High Yielding Conditions: The Case of Chile

Agronomy ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 9 (8) ◽  
pp. 454 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alejandro del Pozo ◽  
Iván Matus ◽  
Kurt Ruf ◽  
Dalma Castillo ◽  
Ana María Méndez-Espinoza ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Durum Wheat ◽  
Grain Quality ◽  
Kernel Weight ◽  
Yield Potential ◽  
High Yield ◽  
Genetic Advance ◽  
Genetic Progress ◽  
Breeding Programs ◽  
Days To Heading ◽  
High Yield Potential

In Chile, durum wheat is cultivated in high-yielding Mediterranean environments, therefore breeding programs have selected cultivars with high yield potential in addition to grain quality. The genetic progress in grain yield (GY) between 1964 and 2010 was 72.8 kg ha−1 per year. GY showed a positive and significant correlation with days to heading, kernels per unit ground area and thousand kernel weight. The gluten and protein content tended to decrease with the year of cultivar release. The correlation between the δ13C of kernels and GY was negative and significant (−0.62, p < 0.05, for all cultivars; and −0.97, p < 0.001, excluding the two oldest cultivars). The yield progress (genetic plus agronomic improvements) of a set of 40–46 advanced lines evaluated between 2006 and 2015 was 569 kg ha−1 per year. Unlike other Mediterranean agro-environments, a longer growing cycle together with taller plants seems to be related to the increase in the GY of Chilean durum wheat during recent decades.

Breeding evaluation of spring soft wheat of the cimmyt collection by yield and grain quality in the conditions of the Moscow region

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
I.N. Voronchikhina ◽  
◽  
V. S. Rubets ◽  
Y.N. Kotenko ◽  
V. V. Pylnev
Keyword(s):  
Protein Content ◽  
Quality Indicators ◽  
Grain Quality ◽  
Fungal Diseases ◽  
Moscow Region ◽  
Soft Wheat ◽  
High Quality ◽  
Breeding Programs ◽  
Spring Soft Wheat

The article presents the results of a study of 14 samples of spring soft wheat from the CIMMYT collection (Mexico) in the conditions of the Moscow region in 2020. It was found that all studied varieties are not suitable for breeding for yield. Samples numbered 1, 24, 41, 107, 178 and 214 have complex resistance to lodging and major fungal diseases. In terms of protein content, sample No. 87 turned out to be the most valuable in terms of quality. We recommend including the above varieties in breeding programs, since they have good yields along with high quality indicators.

Evaluation of spring triticale genotypes by duration of phenological phases, yield and grain quality

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Р. Абделькави ◽  
А. Соловьёв
Keyword(s):  
Grain Quality ◽  
Weather Conditions ◽  
High Yield ◽  
Breeding Programs ◽  
Forage Crop ◽  
Breeding Lines ◽  
Spring Triticale ◽  
Stable Yield ◽  
Variety Testing

Исследования проводились в Московской области в 20172018 годах. В настоящее время тритикале ( Triticosecale Wittm.) в основном является кормовой культурой, однако она ценна и для пищевого направления использования. Целью работы было выявление генотипов яровой тритикале, обладающих высокой урожайностью и хорошим качеством зерна. Изучены элементы структуры урожая и качество зерна шести сортов отечественной и зарубежной селекции, а также шести селекционных линий, полученных коллективом авторов. Эксперимент и анализ результатов работы выполнены по Методике государственного сортоиспытания сельскохозяйственных культур . Метеорологические условия значительно повлияли на формирование различных элементов структуры урожая, а также на качество зерна яровой тритикале. Продолжительность вегетационного периода в 2017 году была почти на 3 недели больше, чем в 2018 году, вследствие его низкой теплообеспеченности. В сложившихся погодных условиях 20172018 годов самой низкорослой была линия П2-13-5-2. Линия С259 характеризовалась наиболее крупным зерном, среднеплотным колосом и высокой урожайностью. Сортообразцы Хлебодар Харьковский, Лана, C238 и Л8665 имели стабильную урожайность на уровне стандарта. Сорта Лана, Sandro и селекционные линии C259, 6-35-5 и П2-13-5-2 показали высокое содержание белка и клейковины в сравнении со стандартом Укро. Выделенные сортообразцы могут быть использованы в селекционных программах на урожайность и хорошее качество зерна. Сорт Ульяна и селекционная линия С259 были наиболее урожайными, адаптивными и характеризовались хорошими показателями качества зерна. Сорт Лана и линии П2-13-5-2 и Л8665 давали хлеб с хорошей общей хлебопекарной оценкой. The research was conducted in the Moscow region in 20172018. Currently triticale (Triticosecale Wittm.) is mainly a forage crop, but it is also valuable for food use. The aim of the work was to identify genotypes of spring triticale with high yield and good grain quality. The elements of crop structure and grain quality in 6 varieties of domestic and foreign selection, as well as 6 breeding lines obtained by the team of authors were studied. The experiment and analysis of the results of the work were carried out by the method of state variety testing of agricultural crops. Meteorological conditions significantly influenced the formation of various elements of the crop structure, as well as the quality of spring triticale grain. The duration of the growing season in 2017 was almost 3 weeks longer than in 2018, due to low heat supply. In the current weather conditions of 2017-2018 the plants of the line P2-13-5-2 had the shortest plant height. Line C259 was characterized by the largest grain, medium-dense ear and high yield. Genotypes Khlebodar Kharkovsky, Lana, C238 and L8665 had a stable yield at the standard level. Varieties Lana, Sandro and breeding lines C259, 6-35-5 and P2-13-5-2 showed a high content of protein and gluten in comparison with the standard Ukro. The selected varieties can be used in breeding programs for yield and good quality of grain. Variety Ulyana and breeding line C259 were the most productive, adaptive and characterized by good indicators of grain quality. Lana variety and lines P2-13-5-2 and L8665 gave bread with a good overall baking score.

INVESTIGATION OF CHARACTERISTICS OF THE GRAIN RECEIVING FROM RAILWAY TO THE GRAIN TRANSSHIPMENT TERMINAL

2020 ◽  
Vol 20 (2) ◽  
pp. 7-13
Author(s):  
G. Stankevych ◽  
L. Dmytrenko ◽  
A. Kats ◽  
V. Shpak
Keyword(s):  
Quality Indicators ◽  
Grain Quality ◽  
Total Duration ◽  
Railway Transport ◽  
Oil Crops ◽  
The Future ◽  
Leading Position ◽  
Standard Values ◽  
The Subject ◽  
Sown Area

In the future, in Ukraine it is planned to increase the sown area for cereals, legumes and oilseeds, to increase the gross grain harvest to 80 million tons, and its export abroad was increased twice. Intensive construction in the southern ports of Ukraine of grain transshipment terminals with large metal silos will solve the problem of increasing grain export in the future. At these powerful terminals, the bulk of the grain comes mainly by rail, and is shipped to water. The aim of the work was to study the characteristics of the grain receiving from railway transport to the grain transshipment terminal of LLC “Ukrelevatorprom” in order to improve its works efficiency. The object of the study was the development of technology of grain receiving at the grain transshipment terminal; the subject of research is cereals, legume sand oil crops, as well as data from daily volumes of receiving and dispensing operations at the grain transshipment terminal of LLC “Ukrelevatorprom” for 2015-2016. The studies were carried out on the basis of processing data from the consignment notes for 2015-2016, according to which there was a summed amount of grain (net) daily transported by the railway. Further processing of the obtained data was carried out by a combined graphoanalytical method, for which, on the basis of tabular values for each studied year, the corresponding histograms and graphs were built and the necessary indicators were determined. Analysis of the structure of grain crops supplied by railway to LLC “Ukrelevatorprom” in 2015 and 2016 and their ratio showed that the main share was occupied by cereal crops (78.0 % and 73.1 % respectively), which were mainly represented by corn, share which was significantly dominated by other crops (wheat of various classes and barley) and amounted to 45.8 % and 44.5 %, respectively, which can be explained by its high demand in the international grain market, in which Ukraine occupies a leading position. Oilseeds (rapeseed) were taken in accordance with 19.1 % and 14.9 %, and legumes (soybeans) — 2.9 % and 12.0 %. An analysis of the timing of the unloading of grain wagons (hopper cars) showed that the total duration of this process, depending on the crops, averages 37...59 minutes. The longest steps for unloading wagons are to determine the grain quality indicators, especially rapeseed, and to spill grain from the wagons, therefore, to reduce their duration, it is necessary to form feeds of wagons with grain batches of the same quality and use more modern express analyzers to determine grain quality indicators, which will increase the productivity of the grain receiving line from the railway. According to the research results, the enterprise has the potential to increase by about 30 % the volume of grain intake. It was established that the periods of the grain receipt at the enterprise in 2015-2016 amounted to 349 and 353 days, respectively, the actual coefficients of the daily irregularity Kdaily for the grain receipt from the railway in these years are equal to 1.47 and 1.52, and the monthly irregularity Kmonth, respectively 1.33 and 1.21, does not exceed the standard values Kdaily = 2.5 and Kmonth= 2.0. This made it possible to clarify the database from the actual characteristics of the process of grain receiving by railway and can be used in design and verification calculations of equipment in technological lines for receiving grain from railway transport, and will contribute to increasing the efficiency of grain transshipment terminals. 

Оценка образцов картофеля

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
N.A. Lapshinov ◽  
А.N. Gantimurova ◽  
V.I. Kulikova ◽  
V.P. Кhodayevа
Keyword(s):  
Source Material ◽  
Potato Cultivars ◽  
World Collection ◽  
Economically Valuable Traits

В 2016–2017 годах в коллекционном питомнике изучали 170 образцов картофеля мировой коллекции ВИР и других НИУ с целью выделения источников ценных признаков. По комплексу хозяйственно ценных признаков выделилось 7 сортов. Сорта и гибриды, выделившиеся по отдельным признакам и комплексу признаков, используют в селекционной работе как исходный материал для создания новых сортов картофеля.In 2016–2017 years the collection nursery studied 170 samples of potatoes of world collection of VIR and other research enterprises to select sources of valuable traits. The complex of economically valuable traits stood out 7 cultivars. Cultivars and hybrids released for individual signs and the complex signs used in breeding as source material for creating new potato cultivars.

Гибриды томата для выращивания в поликарбонатных теплицах второй световой зоны (г. Киров)

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
I.V. Rufina ◽  
T.A. Tereshonkova ◽  
E.A. Shilyaeva ◽  
A.N. Khovrin
Keyword(s):  
Coral Reef ◽  
Vegetation Period ◽  
Maximum Productivity ◽  
Economically Valuable Traits

Проведена двухлетняя оценка пяти индетерминантных и четырех детерминантных гибридов томата по хозяйственно ценным признакам в весенне-летнем обороте в поликабонатных теплицах в условиях второй световой зоны. Выявлено, что среди испытанных индетерминантных гибридов F1 Коралловый риф, показал максимальную урожайность (10,3 кг/ м2). Детерминантный гибрид F1 Капитан был самым раннеспелым и урожайным (9,6 кг/м2) в своей группе.In this paper we present the results of a two-year tests economically valuable traits of indeterminate and determinant tomato hybrids in the spring-summer vegetation period of polycarbonate greenhouses under the conditions of the second light zone. Among the tested indeterminate hybrids Coral reef F1 showed the maximum productivity (10,3 kg/m2). The determinant hybrid Captain F1 was the earliest and most productive (9.6 kg/m2) in its group.

Relationships among Grain Quality Indicators in Oats 1

Crop Science ◽  
1986 ◽  
Vol 26 (4) ◽  
pp. 800-804 ◽  
Author(s):  
H. G. Marshall ◽  
F. L. Kolb
Keyword(s):  
Quality Indicators ◽  
Grain Quality

scholarly journals Adaptation assessment of drought tolerance in maize populations from the Sahara in both shores of the Mediterranean Sea

Euphytica ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 217 (8) ◽  
Author(s):  
Oula Maafi ◽  
Pedro Revilla ◽  
Lorena Álvarez-Iglesias ◽  
Rosa Ana Malvar ◽  
Abderahmane Djemel
Keyword(s):  
Drought Tolerance ◽  
Biomass Production ◽  
Genetic Regulation ◽  
Breeding Programs ◽  
Favorable Alleles ◽  
Maize Germplasm ◽  
Maize Populations ◽  
Potential Source ◽  
Main Stress ◽  
And Control

AbstractDrought is the main stress for agriculture, and maize (Zea mays L.) germplasm from the Sahara has been identified as potential source of drought tolerance; however, information about adaptation of semitropical maize germplasm from the Sahara to temperate areas has not been reported. Our objective was assessing the adaptation of maize germplasm from Saharan oases as sources of drought tolerance for improving yield and biomass production under drought conditions in temperate environments. A collection of maize populations from Saharan oases was evaluated under drought and control conditions in Spain and Algeria. Algerian populations were significantly different under drought for most traits, and the significant genotype × environment interactions indicated that drought tolerance is genotype-dependent, but tolerance differences among genotypes change across environments. Based on yield, the Algerian maize populations PI527474, PI527478, PI527472, PI527467, PI527470, and PI527473 would be appropriate sources of drought tolerance for temperate environments. Concerning biomass production, the most interesting populations were PI527467, PI542685, PI527478, and PI527472. These Saharan populations could provide favorable alleles for drought tolerance for temperate breeding programs, and could also be used for studying mechanisms and genetic regulation of drought tolerance.

scholarly journals Identification of the Optimum Environments for the High Yield and Quality Traits of Lentil Genotypes Evaluated in Multi-Location Trials

2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (15) ◽  
pp. 8247
Author(s):  
Dimitrios N. Vlachostergios ◽  
Christos Noulas ◽  
Anastasia Kargiotidou ◽  
Dimitrios Baxevanos ◽  
Evangelia Tigka ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Crude Protein ◽  
Agronomic Traits ◽  
High Yield ◽  
Breeding Programs ◽  
Growing Seasons ◽  
Yield And Quality ◽  
Food And Feed ◽  
Superior Genotypes ◽  
Selection Of ◽  
The Ideal

Lentil is a versatile and profitable pulse crop with high nutritional food and feed values. The objectives of the study were to determine suitable locations for high yield and quality in terms of production and/or breeding, and to identify promising genotypes. For this reason, five lentil genotypes were evaluated in a multi-location network consisting of ten diverse sites for two consecutive growing seasons, for seed yield (SY), other agronomic traits, crude protein (CP), cooking time (CT) and crude protein yield (CPY). A significant diversification and specialization of the locations was identified with regards to SY, CP, CT and CPY. Different locations showed optimal values for each trait. Locations E4 and E3, followed by E10, were “ideal” for SY; locations E1, E3 and E7 were ideal for high CP; and the “ideal” locations for CT were E3 and E5, followed by E2. Therefore, the scope of the cultivation determined the optimum locations for lentil cultivation. The GGE-biplot analysis revealed different discriminating abilities and representativeness among the locations for the identification of the most productive and stable genotypes. Location E3 (Orestiada, Region of Thrace) was recognized as being optimal for lentil breeding, as it was the “ideal” or close to “ideal” for the selection of superior genotypes for SY, CP, CT and CPY. Adaptable genotypes (cv. Dimitra, Samos) showed a high SY along with excellent values for CP, CT and CPY, and are suggested either for cultivation in many regions or to be exploited in breeding programs.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document