scholarly journals Aero-microbiology of Selected Poultry Farms in Imo State, South Eastern, Nigeria

2021 ◽  
pp. 10-18
Author(s):  
J. E. Ekeleme ◽  
J. C. Ozougwu ◽  
V. O. Nwaugo ◽  
N. C. Nwachukwu ◽  
C. N. Okorie ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Relative Humidity ◽  
Bacterial Count ◽  
Total Coliform ◽  
Poultry Farm ◽  
Temperature Range ◽  
Imo State ◽  
South Eastern ◽  
Poultry Farms ◽  
Bacteria And Fungi ◽  
Total Fungi

The aero-microbiology of selected poultry farms in Imo State, South Eastern Nigeria was investigated by microbial analysis. Result revealed that in Owerri poultry farm, Pm2.5 had a range of 8-36±1.4 ug/m3, PM10 had a range of 19-55±1.4ug/m3, a temperature range of 34.1-37.8±4.2oC and a relative humidity of 63.3-81.6±0.0%, while poultry farm at Okigwe had Pm2.5 range of 8±1.4-21±1.4ug/m3, PM10 had a range of 20±1.4- 88±2.8ug/m3, a temperature range of 28.6±1.2-38.1±0.0oc, and a relative humidity of 63.4±0.0-87.0±1.4%. Total heterotrophic bacterial count (THBC), total coliform count (TCC), Total Staphylococal count(TSC) and total fungi count (TFC) examined showed that THBC group had the highest counts with a range of 1.2-20.8cfu/plate/mins along the distances at 15minutes, 2.7-21.4cfu/plate/mins at 30minutes and 3.5-21.8cfu/plate/mins at 45minutes. While in Okigwe, THBC which was also the highest had a range of 09-22.5 along the distances at 15minutes, 1.2-24.8cfu/plate/mins at 30minutes and 1.0-4.0cfu/plate/mins at 45 minutes. Bacteria isolated were Staphylococcus aureus, Escherichia coli, Proteus and Streptococcus species while the fungi isolated were Aspergillus, Penicillium, Fusarium Mucor and Rhizopus Species. Temperature, particulate matter and microbial counts were highest during the dry season, while relative humidity was highest during the rainy season respectively. It was observed that as time increased along the distances examined, microbial load also increased. The aero-microbiology of the farms studied showed that the air contained presence of bacteria and fungi of medical importance in both seasons, hence, there is the need to always ensure proper management and evaluation of poultry farms to avoid micro-organisms from exceeding their permissive limits.

scholarly journals EFFECTS OF PRESERVATIVE TREATMENTS ON THE MICROBIOLOGICAL AND STORAGE QUALITY OF TIGER NUT MILK DRINK

2021 ◽  
Vol 5 (11) ◽  
Author(s):  
Olofu A. Victor ◽  
Adeshina O. Gbonjubola ◽  
O. Busayo ◽  
Mshelia M. Bata
Keyword(s):  
Shelf Life ◽  
Standard Procedure ◽  
Bacterial Count ◽  
Total Coliform ◽  
Total Bacterial Count ◽  
Storage Quality ◽  
Microbial Stability ◽  
Total Fungi ◽  
And Storage

Tiger nut milk drink is a milk-like aqueous extract from tiger nut, which is highly nutritious and is consumed in most parts of the world especially in the Northern part of Nigeria. However, its availability is limited due to its short shelf life. The aim of this present study was to determine the effects of preservatives treatments on the microbiological and storage quality of tiger nut milk drink. Fresh tiger nut milk drink was produced according to the standard procedure with portable water and also with sterile distilled water. The milk was divided into 16 aliquots, kept in a sterile container for analysis of the different treatments, and preservatives were added according to the experimental design. The color, odor and consistency of the milk were observed daily for a period of seven days. The total bacteria count (TBC), total coliform count (TCC), total Staphylococcal count (TSC) and total fungi count (TFC) (yeast and mold) were evaluated every two days to monitor the microbial stability. Fresh tiger nut milk without any treatment spoiled within few hours after production, while the aliquot supplemented with all the preservatives; pasteurized and then stored under refrigerated temperature for up to seven days. The range of total bacterial count was from 8.00×104 -1.20×107 CFU/ml. The most prevalent bacterial isolates were; Escherichia coli (17.79%), Staphylococcus aureus (10.53%) and Micrococcus spp. (9.78%), whereas the dominant fungi were Candida tropicalis (16.27%), Saccharomyces spp. (11.63%) and Aspergillus spp. (11.63%). This study showed that tiger nut milk drink has a rich microbial content which affects its shelf life and the addition of natural (spices) and chemical preservatives is important to stabilize the drink; thus there is an urgent need to standardize the use of preservatives.

scholarly journals The effects of storage on the bacteriological quality of sachet water produced, sold and consumed within Owerri Metropolis, Imo State, Nigeria

2017 ◽  
Vol 7 (2) ◽  
pp. 5
Author(s):  
Valentine N Unegbu ◽  
Ndubuisi O Nwachukwu ◽  
Emmanuel N Ugbo ◽  
Anthony C Ekennia
Keyword(s):  
Ambient Temperature ◽  
Heterotrophic Bacteria ◽  
Bacterial Count ◽  
Total Coliform ◽  
Indicator Organisms ◽  
Monthly Basis ◽  
Imo State ◽  
Bacteriological Quality ◽  
Sachet Water

The sale and consumption of sachet water is common in Owerri metropolis because the consumers believed it was safer than tap or borehole water.The aim of this study was to assess the effects of storage on the bacteriological quality of  sachet water produced, sold and consumed within Owerri metropolis, Imo State, Nigeria. Fifteen sachet water brands were investigated for a period of four months. They were collected within 24 hours of production and stored at ambient temperature for four months. Samples were taken on monthly basis for enumeration of total aerobic heterotrophic bacteria and indicator organisms using APHA and WHO analytical methods.  Bacteriological analysis showed that Clets brand had the highest Total heterotrophic bacterial count of 5.7X101cfu/ml, followed by Elevated and Crystal while Ricano had the least count of 3.2x101cfu/ml. Total heterotrophic bacteria and total coliform count decreased gradually in all brands throughout this period. Escherichia coli was isolated in three brands.  Results from the research indicates that 60% of the brands analyzed met the WHO guideline limit for drinking when stored at ambient temperature within eight weeks period. However, storage beyond this period led to diminished potability  of sachet water

scholarly journals Microbial Diversity in the Sawmill Environment: Implications on the Health of Sawmill Workers and Merchants, Nigeria

2020 ◽  
Vol 7 (3) ◽  
pp. 106-113
Author(s):  
EBERE JULEIN OKAFOR-ELENWO ◽  
ODARO STANLEY IMADE ◽  
OSAZEE EKUNDAYO IZEVBUWA
Keyword(s):  
Microbial Diversity ◽  
Sampling Technique ◽  
Total Coliform ◽  
Viable Count ◽  
Penicillium Species ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Sawmill Workers ◽  
Bacteria And Fungi ◽  
Total Fungi ◽  
Phenotypic Tests

There is an increasingly high suspicion of occupational health diseases amongst workers in sawmill factories. Hence this study aimed to determine the microbial diversity in some sawmill factories in Okada, Edo State, Nigeria to evaluate potential implications of the factory’s processing area on the health of the workers and wood merchants. Bacteria and fungi count in the bioaerosols within the processing area of each factory was performed with the passive air sampling technique. While in the sawdust samples, microbial counts were carried out with the pour plate technique. Identification of the microbes was performed with macroscopic and microscopic examinations as well as standard phenotypic tests. Mean total viable count (TVC) and total fungi count (TFC) of bioaerosols in the air within the processing area of the sawmill factories were found to be greater than 4162.99 CFU/m3 while mean total coliform count (TCC) was reported as 756.28 CFU/m3. Fisher (F) one-way ANOVA test of the TVC and TCC dataset of bioaerosols from the four sawmill factories indicated no significant difference (p = 0.77 and 0.83 for TVC and TFC respectively) in the mean TVC and TFC of the bioaerosols. Bacterial (Micrococcus, Staphylococcus, Bacillus, Klebsiella and Serratia) and fungal (Saccharomyces, Aspergillus, Cladosporium and Penicillium) species were isolated from the bioaerosols and sawdust samples. Results of this study indicated that workers in the sawmill factories and other wood merchants who visit sawmill processing area are most likely exposed to airborne contaminants that may cause occupational diseases such as ophthalmic irritations and dermatitis. Hence it is recommended that sawmill workers and other visitors wear personal protective gadgets in the processing area of the sawmill factories.

scholarly journals BACTERIAL QUALITY OF RAINWATER IN SELECTED COMMUNITIES IN IMO STATE, NIGERIA

2006 ◽  
Vol 28 (63) ◽  
Author(s):  
J. N. Okereke ◽  
K. O. Obasi ◽  
S. O. Obiekezie ◽  
R. I. Okechukwu
Keyword(s):  
Escherichia Coli ◽  
Rural Communities ◽  
Null Hypothesis ◽  
Potable Water ◽  
Bacterial Count ◽  
Total Coliform ◽  
Faecal Coliform ◽  
Imo State ◽  
Underground Tank

Many rural communities in Imo State, Eastern Nigeria do not have access to potable water. Rainwater has been a major source of water supply in these areas mainly during the rains. Bacterial quality of harvested rainwater from three communities (Umunumo, Egbema, Ihiagwa) were determined. Rainwater samples were harvested directly, from zinc roof, thatched roof and from asbestos roof, at different periods of the rains – May (beginning of rains), July (peak of rain) and October (end of rains). Stored rainwater from zinc roof in Umunumo was also examined. The bacterial count was high at the beginning of rains with rainwater collected from thatched roof in Egbema showing the highest (7.4 x 103 cfu/100ml) value. The total coliform and faecal coliform (Escherichia coli) counts ranged highest at the beginning of rains between 10 – 36 cfu/ 100ml and 1 – 5 cfu/100ml respectively. The total bacterial counts, total coliform counts and faecal coliform counts of stored rainwater were highest in samples from underground tank. Samples collected directly at the peak and end of rains in all the communities met the WHO standard for drinking water. Using a statistical model, at a = 0.05, the null hypothesis, was rejected for methods and period of collection, while location of collection was accepted, hence only period and method of collection of rainwater affected the bacterial quality.

scholarly journals First Record Of Meroplius Fukuharai (Iwasa 1984) (Diptera: Sepsidae) On Romanian Territory

2015 ◽  
Vol 57 (2) ◽  
pp. 121-125
Author(s):  
Lavinia Iancu ◽  
Cristina Purcarea
Keyword(s):  
Relative Humidity ◽  
Air Temperature ◽  
Environmental Parameters ◽  
Sampling Period ◽  
First Record ◽  
Research Area ◽  
Insect Species ◽  
First Report ◽  
South Eastern ◽  
Species Dynamics

Abstract The present study represents the first report on the presence of Meroplius fukuharai (Diptera: Sepsidae) in Romania. The research area was located in Bucharest. Meroplius fukuharai was recorded during an experiment for investigating necrophagous insect species dynamics. Adult specimens were sampled during the summer (August 2013) from swine carcasses at the beginning of the advanced decay stage. The species had a sporadic occurrence, only four male specimens being sampled and identified both morphologically and genetically during the four-month survey. The recorded environmental parameters during the sampling period showed an air temperature of 28-33°C and a relative humidity of 53-57%. This report on the presence of M. fukuharai in Romania leads to the expansion of its known distribution range in the South Eastern part of Europe.

scholarly journals Kandungan Total Bakteri dan Total Fungi pada Pellet Limbah Penetasan yang Dibuat dengan Penambahan Bentonit

2016 ◽  
Vol 16 (2) ◽  
pp. 69
Author(s):  
Aprilian Adi Nugroho ◽  
Sri Sumarsih ◽  
Bambang Sulistiyanto
Keyword(s):  
Analysis Of Variance ◽  
Total Content ◽  
Duncan Multiple Range Test ◽  
Randomized Design ◽  
Completely Randomized Design ◽  
Bacteria And Fungi ◽  
Total Fungi ◽  
Number Of Bacteria ◽  
Total Bacteria ◽  
Range Test

ABSTRAK. Penelitian efek penambahan bentonit dalam proses pelleting terhadap total bakteri dan total fungi dari produk pellet limbah penetasan sebagai bahan pakan alternatif, telah dilaksanakan di Laboratorium Teknologi Pakan, Fakultas Peternakan dan Pertanian, Universitas Diponegoro. Penambahan bentonit pada proses pelleting diharapkan mengurangi total bakteri dan total fungi pada pellet olahan limbah penetasan, sehingga aman digunakan sebagai bahan pakan alternatif. Pada penelitian ini limbah penetasan yang berupa cangkang telur, telur infertile, telur gagal menetas, serta DOC afkir dan mati dihancurkan, dicampur dengan bentonit dan dibuat pellet, untuk kemudian dianalisis kandungan total bakteri dan total fungi pada produk pellet. Perlakuan bentonit dilakukan dengan aras 0, 2, 4 dan 6% (B/B). Penelitian dilakukan dengan rancangan acak lengkap (RAL) 4 perlakuan dan 5 ulangan. Data dianalisis dengan analisis ragam dan dilanjutkan dengan uji wilayah ganda Duncan untuk mengetahui perbedaan antar perlakuan. Hasil menunjukkan bahwa pemberian bentonit dari berbagai level berpengaruh sangat nyata (P<0,01). Pemberian bentonit pada tingkat tertinggi (6%) mampu menekan total bakteri dan total fungi pada kisaran 105 cfu/g. Disimpulkan bahwa bentonit mampu menekan kandungan total bakteri dan total fungi pada produk pellet limbah penetasan. (Numbers of total bacteria and total fungi of hatchery waste pellets that made by adding bentonite) ABSTRACT. A Research about the effect of bentonite addition in the pelletizing process on total bacteria and total fungi of pellet product of hatchery waste as an alternative feedstuff, was done at Feed Technology Laboratory, Faculty of Animal and Agricultural Sciences, Diponegoro University. The addition of bentonite was expected to reduce the number of bacteria and fungi in the pellet product of hatchery waste, therefore, it could be used safely as an alternative feedstuff. In this experiment, the hatchery waste in the forms of eggshell, infertile eggs, un-hatched eggs, dead and culled DOC were blended, mixed with bentonite and pelleted,and then the number of total bacteria and total fungi of pellet was analyzed. The treatment was carried out with the level of bentonite i.e. 0, 2, 4 and 6% (w/w). Completely randomized design (CRD)was applied by 4 treatments and 5 replications of each. Data analyzed by analysis of variance (ANOVA), and followed by Duncan multiple range test (DMRT) to determine differences among the treatments. The results showed that administration of bentonite at various levels significantly affect the number of bacteria and fungi in the hatchery waste pellets (P <0.01). Administration of bentonite at the level of 6% shows the highest value on suppressing the content of total bacteria as well as fungi up to the range of total content 105cfu/g. In conclusion, the bentonite was able to suppress the total amount of bacteria and total fungi in the hatchery waste pellets.

scholarly journals Kelayakan Usaha Ayam Broiler (Studi pada Usaha Peternakan di Desa Cibinong)

2018 ◽  
Vol 33 (2) ◽  
pp. 96
Author(s):  
Elpawati Elpawati ◽  
Achmad Tjachja Nugraha ◽  
Ratu Shofiatina
Keyword(s):  
Small Scale ◽  
Selling Price ◽  
Poultry Production ◽  
Poultry Farm ◽  
Financial Feasibility ◽  
Positive Growth ◽  
Poultry Farms ◽  
Positive Growth Rate ◽  
Small Scale Farmers ◽  
The Many

<p>Indonesia poultry consumption has increased year by year, with the average positive growth rate of 4.6%. This situation can be a chance for both small and large scales of poultry farmers, considering that poultry consumption is increasing every year. The rate of poultry production in Gunung Sindur was correlated with the amount of the existing poultry farms. Romli Farm was a small scale poultry farm in Gunung Sindur, Bogor. This poultry farm, with no partnership, could independently survive amongst the many other existing farms. However, although the opportunities were wide open, this business was not always viable for the farmers because many of small-scale farmers could not be able either to increase the income or to carry on the business. This research aimed to study the income, financial feasibility (NPV, IRR, Net B/C Ratio, and PP), the BEP of Selling Price, and the BEP of Product in Romli Farm.</p>

scholarly journals Association between meteorological factors and audiogram configurations in patients with sudden sensorineural hearing loss: a cross-sectional study

BMJ Open ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (12) ◽  
pp. e045768
Author(s):  
Jilei Zhang ◽  
Shangwei Ji ◽  
Xin Ma ◽  
Lisheng Yu ◽  
Yuanyuan Jing
Keyword(s):  
Hearing Loss ◽  
Relative Humidity ◽  
Sensorineural Hearing Loss ◽  
Diurnal Temperature Range ◽  
Meteorological Factors ◽  
Sudden Sensorineural Hearing Loss ◽  
Sensorineural Hearing ◽  
Secondary Outcome ◽  
Diurnal Temperature ◽  
Temperature Range

ObjectiveWe aimed to determine the association between meteorological factors and sudden sensorineural hearing loss (SSNHL) audiogram configurations.DesignRetrospective review of medical records from 1 October 2007 to 31 December 2018.SettingA tertiary hospital.Participants510 patients with SSNHL who had data on the exact date of SSNHL onset and underwent audiological evaluation within 14 days were included.Primary and secondary outcome measuresDaily values of meteorological factors, including maximum and minimum temperature, mean temperature and its day-to-day change, diurnal temperature range, atmospheric pressure, mean and maximum wind speed and relative humidity, and seasonal distributions.ResultsAmong the 510 patients (259 women (50.8%); mean (SD) age, 46.4 (15.5) years), 108 (21.2%) displayed ascending patterns, 143 (28.0%) displayed descending patterns, 129 (25.3%) displayed flat patterns and 130 (25.5%) displayed profound patterns of audiograms. The diurnal temperature range on the day of SSNHL onset in patients with profound patterns was significantly higher than that in patient with ascending (mean difference (MD), 2.2°C; 95% CI, 0.7°C to 3.7°C; p=0.001) and descending (MD, 1.5°C; 95% CI, 0.1°C to 2.9°C; p=0.031) patterns. The relative humidity was the highest on the day of SSNHL onset in patients with ascending patterns and showed a significant difference compared with that in patients with profound patterns (MD, 8.0%; 95% CI, 0.7% to 15.3%; p=0.026). Seasonal distribution did not differ among patients with different audiogram configurations.ConclusionsProfound audiogram patterns correlated with high diurnal temperature range, while ascending audiogram patterns correlated with high relative humidity in patients with SSNHL. No correlation was observed between seasons and audiogram configurations.

Water protection aggregation systems for cleaning surface waste water from the territories of poultry farms

2020 ◽  
pp. 60-70
Author(s):  
O. R. Ilyasov ◽  
S. N. Koshelev ◽  
M. N. Kostomakhin ◽  
I. I. Gavrilin
Keyword(s):  
Waste Water ◽  
Catchment Area ◽  
Aquatic Vegetation ◽  
Negative Impact ◽  
Poultry Manure ◽  
Water Protection ◽  
Poultry Farm ◽  
Catchment Areas ◽  
Poultry Farms ◽  
Water Ecosystems

During the operation of poultry farms a large amount of poultry manure is accumulated. Surface wastewater from landfills for storing poultry manure can become the main source of pollution of natural waters. Thus, one of the most important problems of environmental protection is the development of effective systems for protecting aquatic ecosystems from pollution by waste water generated at landfills for storing poultry manure. The purpose of research was the analysis of water protection systems for treatment of surface wastewater from the territory of poultry farms. The authors of the article consider the problem of protection of water bodies from contamination by surface wastewater from the catchment area of poultry farms. The example of surface wastewater from the catchment area of the poultry farm “Sverdlovskaya” has shown the negative impact on water ecosystems. Our own studies of snow contamination from the catchment area of the poultry farm have shown a high content of not only organic and biogenic substances, but also heavy metals. A biotechnology of wastewater treatment using natural ion-exchange materials, followed by bioregeneration of the latter by higher aquatic vegetation, has been developed. The use of an accumulative phytofilter is an effective method of protecting water ecosystems from contamination by surface wastewater from catchment areas of poultry farms, and the design ensures not only the environmental friendliness of the technology, but also naturally fits into the landscape of the area.

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