scholarly journals Effect of Flax Seed Oil on Acute Carbon Tetrachloride-induced Hepatic Injury and Determination of Hepatic Apoptosis in Rats

2019 ◽  
pp. 1-10
Author(s):  
Gorkem Ekebas ◽  
Ayhan Atasever ◽  
Duygu Yaman Gram
Keyword(s):  
Carbon Tetrachloride ◽  
Total Cholesterol ◽  
Total Protein ◽  
Caspase 3 ◽  
Histopathological Examination ◽  
Antioxidant Properties ◽  
Treated Group ◽  
Flaxseed Oil ◽  
Albino Rats ◽  
Intraperitoneal Dose

Aims: The present study was designed to evaluate the hepatoprotective activity of flaxseed oil (FSO) on liver lesions induced by carbon tetrachloride (CCl4) in rats by measurement of caspase 3, 8 and 9 activities in cellular apoptosis, ALT activities, triglyceride, total protein, total cholesterol and liver MDA levels. Place and Duration of Study: Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Department of Pathology, Erciyes University, Kayseri, between June 2017 and July 2018. Methodology: In this study 32 male Wistar albino rats were divided into four groups of 8 animals in each. The first group was identified as the control and received an intraperitoneal 0.9% NaCl and the second group was given per os at dose of 4 ml/kg FSO for 4 weeks. The third group received an intraperitoneal dose of 1.0 ml/kg CCl4 twice in the first week. The fourth group received an intraperitoneal dose of 1.0 ml/kg CCl4 twice in the first week and simultaneously 4 ml/kg FSO by gavage for 4 weeks. Results: Histopathological examination of CCl4 group showed intense macro and micro vesicular steatosis in hepatocytes, necrosis, lymphocytes rich mononuclear cell infiltration in portal area and parenchyma. The flaxseed oil application did not ameliorate the histological changes induced by CCl4, however reduced the activity of caspase 3, 8 and 9 by a limited number. CCl4 administration produced significantly elevated levels of serum ALT activity, total cholesterol, triglyceride and liver MDA levels, and these increases were not normalized with FSO treatment. In addition, decreased serum total protein levels in CCl4 treated group were ameliorated by FSO application. Conclusion: The results indicate that the antioxidant properties of FSO do not have an ameliorative effect in either the histopathological lesions or biochemical parameters against CCl4-induced hepatotoxicity in rats. In addition, it was concluded that duration‐dependent further research results are needed to determine the effects of flaxseed oil in high doses that can give the best results without side effects.

scholarly journals Effect of Grape Seed Oil on Chronic Carbon Tetrachloride-Induced Hepatic Injury and Determination of Hepatic Apoptosis in Rats

2019 ◽  
pp. 1-10
Author(s):  
Ayhan Atasever ◽  
Ahmet Alpay ◽  
Gorkem Ekebas ◽  
Duygu Yaman Gram
Keyword(s):  
Carbon Tetrachloride ◽  
Hepatic Injury ◽  
Caspase 3 ◽  
Seed Oil ◽  
Antioxidant Properties ◽  
Elevated Serum ◽  
Grape Seed ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Albino Rats ◽  
Grape Seed Oil

Aims: The present study was designed to evaluate the hepatoprotective activity of grape seed oil (GSO) on liver lesions induced by carbon tetrachloride (CCl4) in rats. The effects on hepatic injury were investigated by measuring serum levels of ALT, triglyceride, total protein, total cholesterol and liver levels of MDA. Furthermore, caspase -3, -8 and -9 activities in cellular apoptosis were determined. Place and Duration of Study: Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Department of Pathology, Erciyes University, Kayseri, between November 2017 and September 2018. Methodology: In this study 40 male Wistar albino rats were divided into four groups including 10 animals in each. Control group administered with 0.9% NaCl. The second group was administered with 4 mL/kg GSO for twelve weeks. Third group were given CCl4 (0.2 mL/kg) twice for 8-weeks. Fourth group was administered with 4 mL/kg GSO, for 12 weeks and also given CCl4 (0.2 mL/kg) twice for 8 weeks, starting from the 5th week. Results: Histopathological examination of CCl4 group showed intense macro and micro vesicular steatosis in hepatocytes, necrosis, and lymphocytes rich mononuclear cell infiltration in portal area and mild portal fibrosis in the parenchyma. The grape seed oil applications have partially normalized the altered histological changes and the activity of caspase -3, -8 and -9. Administration of GSO led to a decline in the activities of ALT and MDA levels while this treatment elevated serum triglycerides levels which are not significantly important. Conclusion: The results indicate that the antioxidant properties of GSO have not ameliorative effect in either the histopathological lesions or biochemical parameters against CCl4-induced hepatotoxicity in rats. Also, it has been concluded that duration‐dependent further research results are needed to determine the effects of grape seed oil in high doses which can give the best results without side effects.

scholarly journals Myelosuppression and Nephrotoxicity Induced by Cisplatin in Female Rats: The Role of Berberine Nanoparticles

2018 ◽  
Vol 11 ◽  
pp. 2218-2235
Author(s):  
Nema Abdelhameed Mohamed
Keyword(s):  
Uric Acid ◽  
Protective Effect ◽  
Total Protein ◽  
Caspase 3 ◽  
Treated Group ◽  
Female Rats ◽  
Histopathological Changes ◽  
Cisplatin Nephrotoxicity ◽  
Anti Oxidant ◽  
Clinical Interest

Cisplatin (CDDP) is one of the most effective antineoplastic drugs used in chemotherapy, strategies to protect tissues against cisplatin nephrotoxicity is a clinical interest. This study aimed to evaluate the possible protective effect of berberine nanoparticles (BBR-NPs) against cisplatin-induced nephrotoxicity in female rats. Intraperitoneal (IP) injection of cisplatin (8 mg/kg) caused significant decrease in RBC, Hb, Hct, WBC and platelets. Also, cisplatin caused disturbances in kidney function as documented by a significant increase in urea, uric acid, creatinine and MDA, with significant decreases in the total protein, albumin, GSH and total thiol.TNF- , caspase-3, IL-2, IL-6 and IL-1were increased in cisplatin treated group. The histopathological changes in cisplatin group include degeneration and desquamation of tubular epithelial cells, hyaline cast formation, inflammatory cell infiltration and tubular dilation. Oral administration of BBR-NPs at a dose 1mg/kg/day for 30 days after cisplatin produced significant decrease in the levels of urea, uric acid, creatinine, TNF- and caspase-3 as well as kidney MDA with a marked increase in total protein, albumin, GSH, total thiol and repairing the histopathological changes. Scanning microscope of RBC showed the protective effect of BBR-NPs against the different changes induced by CDDP. The present study suggested that the anti-oxidant and anti-inflammatory effects of BBR-NPs may prevent CDDP-induced nephrotoxicity via decreasing the oxidative stress, inhibiting the inflammation and apoptosis.

scholarly journals Beneficial Effects of Fennel (Foeniculum Vulgare) in Treating Obesity in Rats

2019 ◽  
Vol 1 (2) ◽  
pp. 16-33 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nawal A. A. Elghazaly ◽  
Eman H. Radwan ◽  
Hala H. Zaatout ◽  
Mohamed M. Elghazaly ◽  
Nour El din Allam
Keyword(s):  
Total Protein ◽  
Histopathological Examination ◽  
Insulin Resistance Syndrome ◽  
Serum Levels ◽  
Herbal Remedies ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Albino Rats ◽  
Oxidative Stress Biomarkers ◽  
Foeniculum Vulgare ◽  
Beneficial Effects

Obesity is associated with a number of serious medical complications, which are often referred to as the “insulin resistance syndrome”. The aim of the present study was performed to investigate the possible interaction between a conventional drug used for management of cholesterol and traditional herbal remedies on the obesity. This was carried through out: through estimation of blood test; Estimation of serum tests; Determination of oxidative stress biomarkers and the antioxidant enzymes activities in the liver were assayed; Histopathological examination of the liver and kidney of adult male albino rats were done. In the present study, the serum levels of the total protein and albumin in the obesity group (7.1± 0.2) and (4.78 ± 0.19); respectively were significantly (p ≤ 0.05) more than those of the control group (6.5±0.1) and (3.95± 0.1).The administration of (fennel group) revealed significant (P<0.05) decrease in the serum levels of the albumin and total protein (4.38± 0.1) and (6.65± 0.2); respectively as compared to the obesity group (4.78 ± 0.19) and (7.1± 0.2(. The total cholesterol of the group(5) (fennel and ator) after two weeks from a high fat diet than treatment with fennel and Ator through six weeks equal 142.86±5.9, 100.4±8.68, 93.29±5.99, 87.1±11.28, 80.4±21.55, 78.1±6.7 and 77.1±6.87; respectively. The present study showed a significant (P<0.05) increase in the activities of ALT, AST and ALP in the obesity group which recorded as (60.5±11.45), (57.25±6.3) and (845.0±49.47); respectively as compared to the control group (28.25±1.7), (38.5±3.87) and (537.0±41.5); respectively. The fennel group caused significant decrease in the activities of these enzymes (41.0± 2.9), (42.25+3.2) and (717.75+48.6); respectively compared to the obesity group. Ator group showed a significant decrease in the activities of these enzymes (40.0±2.16), (42.5±3.1) and (679.25±41.16); respectively compared as obesity group. The activity of AlT, AST and ALP in the fennel and ator group (32.75±2.5), (40.5±2.38) and (601.25±17.5); respectively were near to the control group.

scholarly journals The potential protective role of coenzyme q10 on the cyclophosphamide-induced lung toxicity in adult male albino rats: a histological and ultrastructural study

2018 ◽  
Vol 4 (9) ◽  
pp. 225 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nouran K. Olama ◽  
Medhat Taha ◽  
Hagar Y. Rady
Keyword(s):  
Adult Male ◽  
Coenzyme Q10 ◽  
Histopathological Examination ◽  
Treated Group ◽  
Collagen Fibrils ◽  
Lung Toxicity ◽  
Albino Rats ◽  
Blood Capillaries ◽  
Ultrathin Sections ◽  
Alveolar Septa

<p class="abstract"><strong>Background:</strong> Cyclophosphamide is anticancer and immunosuppressant agent used to treat malignant and autoimmune diseases. Its long-term use causes side effects, as infertility and pulmonary toxicity. Coenzyme Q10; the only synthesized antioxidant in human body, acts as powerful antioxidant, scavenging free radicals, and inhibiting lipid peroxidation. Aim of present study was to examine effect of coenzyme Q10 on blood biochemical profiles, histopathological changes in lungs of adult rats exposed to cyclophosphamide-induced toxicity.</p><p class="abstract"><strong>Methods:</strong> 36 adult male albino rats divided into four groups; control and three experimental each having 9 rats. First experimental group received coenzyme Q10, second received cyclophosphamide while third group received coenzyme Q10 along with cyclophosphamide. Experiment lasted for 7 days. On 8th day, animals were sacrificed by decapitation. Lung tissue samples were collected for histopathological examination. SOD (superoxide dismutase) and MDA (malondialdehyde) levels were determined and used for statistical analysis.  </p><p class="abstract"><strong>Results:</strong> In coenzyme Q10 treated group, H&amp;E stained sections revealed normal respiratory alveoli. Ultrathin sections revealed normal alveolar septa, pneumocyte and blood capillaries contain erythrocytes. In cyclophosphamide treated group, H&amp;E stained sections revealed peribronchial and interstitial fibrosis. Ultrathin sections revealed alveoli having apparent free lumen with extravasated erythrocytes. Alveolar septa revealed collagen fibrils deposits, and proliferated fibroblasts. In combined coenzyme Q10 and cyclophosphamide treated group, H&amp;E stained sections revealed marked decrease of inter-alveolar tissue thickening. Ultrathin sections revealed destructed alveolar septa with dissociated remnants of collagen fibrils. Blood capillaries appeared wide, containing monocytes and erythrocytes.</p><p class="abstract"><strong>Conclusions:</strong> Administration of coenzyme Q10 with cyclophosphamide is advised to alleviate cyclophosphamide-induced lung toxicity.</p>

scholarly journals Evaluation of Hepatoprotective Effect of Leaves ofCassia sopheraLinn.

2012 ◽  
Vol 2012 ◽  
pp. 1-5 ◽  
Author(s):  
Arijit Mondal ◽  
Sanjay Kumar Karan ◽  
Tanushree Singha ◽  
D. Rajalingam ◽  
Tapan Kumar Maity
Keyword(s):  
Carbon Tetrachloride ◽  
Total Protein ◽  
Total Bilirubin ◽  
Serum Alkaline Phosphatase ◽  
Histopathological Examination ◽  
Elevated Serum ◽  
Hepatoprotective Activity ◽  
Hepatic Damage ◽  
Protein Levels ◽  
Serum Glutamate

In the present study, the hepatoprotective activity of ethanolic extracts ofCassia sopheraLinn. leaves was evaluated against carbon-tetrachloride- (CCl4-) induced hepatic damage in rats. The extracts at doses of 200 and 400 mg/kg were administered orally once daily. The hepatoprotection was assessed in terms of reduction in histological damage, changes in serum enzymes, serum glutamate oxaloacetate transaminase (AST), serum glutamate pyruvate transaminase (ALT), serum alkaline phosphatase (ALP), total bilirubin, and total protein levels. The substantially elevated serum enzymatic levels of AST, ALT, ALP, and total bilirubin were restored towards the normalization significantly by the extracts. The decreased serum total protein level was significantly normalized. Silymarin was used as standard reference and exhibited significant hepatoprotective activity against carbon tetrachloride-induced hepatotoxicity in rats. The biochemical observations were supplemented with histopathological examination of rat liver sections. The results of this study strongly indicate thatCassia sopheraleaves have potent hepatoprotective action against carbon tetrachloride-induced hepatic damage in rats. This study suggests that possible activity may be due to the presence of flavonoids in the extracts.

scholarly journals EFFECTS OF A TYPICAL ANTIPSYCHOTIC AND THROMBOXANE A2 SYNTHASE INHIBITOR DRUG COMBINATION ON ALBUMIN AND TOTAL PROTEIN LEVEL WITH DIFFERENT DOSES IN RATS

2019 ◽  
pp. 316-319
Author(s):  
MUHAMMAD IRFAN BASHIR
Keyword(s):  
Total Protein ◽  
Protein Level ◽  
Maximum Dose ◽  
Thromboxane A2 ◽  
Treated Group ◽  
Albino Rats ◽  
Typical Antipsychotic ◽  
Blood Samples ◽  
Total Protein Level ◽  
Synthase Inhibitor

Objective: The objective of this study was to investigate the combined as well as individual effects of a typical antipsychotic and thromboxane A2 synthase inhibitor on albumin and total protein level with minimum and maximum dose comparison in rats. Methods: This study consisted of 100 albino rats of 300 to 340 g from both gender, there were 10 groups, each contained 10 rats (n=10). Rats were treated with defined dose of zuclopenthixol (Zuclo) and ozagrel (Ozg) for 21 days (3 weeks). Blood samples were collected at 0, 7th, 14th, and 21st days of study. Albumin and total protein level were examined from blood samples using standard laboratory procedure. Results are extracted by applying statistical analysis on data and comparing percentage variation from 0-day value. Results: A typical antipsychotic-treated group showed gradually significant increase in albumin and total protein level, TXA2 synthase inhibitor-treated group also showed significant gradually increase in albumin and total protein level in combination groups, they showed highly significant increase p<0.001 in both parameter with maximum dose. Conclusion: Combination treatment with zuclopenthixol (Zuclo) and ozagrel (Ozg) can cause large increase on albumin and total protein level with maximum dose as compare to individual drug treatment.

scholarly journals Antioxidant and Hepatoprotective Properties of Tofu (Curdle Soymilk) against Acetaminophen-Induced Liver Damage in Rats

2013 ◽  
Vol 2013 ◽  
pp. 1-7 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ndatsu Yakubu ◽  
Ganiyu Oboh ◽  
Amuzat Aliyu Olalekan
Keyword(s):  
Oxidative Stress ◽  
Alkaline Phosphatase ◽  
Weight Gain ◽  
Liver Damage ◽  
Total Protein ◽  
Antioxidant Properties ◽  
Basal Diet ◽  
Antioxidant Property ◽  
Albino Rats ◽  
Serum Alanine Aminotransferase

The antioxidant and hepatoprotective properties of tofu using acetaminophen to induce liver damage in albino rats were evaluated. Tofus were prepared using calcium chloride, alum, and steep water as coagulants. The polyphenols of tofu were extracted and their antioxidant properties were determined. The weight gain and feed intake of the rats were measured. The analysis of serum alanine aminotransferase (ALT), alkaline phosphatase (ALP), aspartate aminotransferase (AST), and lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) activities and the concentrations of albumin, total protein, cholesterol, and bilirubin were analyzed. The result reveals that the antioxidant property of both soluble and bound polyphenolic extracts was significantly higher in all tofus, but the steep water coagulated tofu was recorded higher. Rats fed with various tofus and acetaminophen had their serum ALP, ALT, AST, and LDH activities; total cholesterol; and bilirubin levels significantly (P<0.05) reduced, and total protein and albumin concentrations increased when compared with basal diet and acetaminophen administered group. Therefore, all tofus curdled with various coagulants could be used to prevent liver damage caused by oxidative stress.

scholarly journals HEPATOPROTECTIVE EFFECT OF N-MIRACLE (POLYHERBAL FORMULATION) AGAINST ETHANOL INDUCED TOXICITY IN MALE ALBINO RATS

2020 ◽  
pp. 47-51
Author(s):  
MEENATCHI SUNDARAM ANGAPPAN
Keyword(s):  
Antioxidant Enzymes ◽  
Histopathological Examination ◽  
Treated Group ◽  
Hepatoprotective Effect ◽  
Hepatic Regeneration ◽  
Albino Rats ◽  
Ether Anesthesia ◽  
Polyherbal Formulation ◽  
Group I ◽  
Ameliorative Effect

Objective: The aim of this current study is to investigate the hepatoprotective efficacy of N-Miracle (a polyherbal formulation) against ethanol-induced toxicity in male albino rats. Methods: Male Wistar albino rats weighing 150-200 g were used for the study. A total of 30 male albino rats were selected, divided into five groups. Ethanol-induced liver damage was done on Group III, IV, and V. Group I and Group II served as a normal and drug (N-Miracle) control. After the treatment period, the rats were anaesthetized by light ether anesthesia in a lethal chamber. Hepatic biomarkers, antioxidant enzymes, histopathological examination are carried out to document the hepatoprotective effect of N-Miracle (Polyherbal formulation). Results: The results of the present study demonstrated a significant (p<0.05) increase in the levels of Aspartate Aminotransaminase (AST), Alanine Aminotransaminase (ALT) and Alkaline Phosphatase (ALP) in ethanol-induced rats as compared to normal and drug control Groups. The level of total protein and albumin were significantly (p<0.05) decreased in ethanol-treated rats. The toxic impact of ethanol was found to be restored in rats treated with N-Miracle (Polyherbal formulation). The present study also exhibited the enzymatic antioxidant efficacy of N-Miracle (Polyherbal formulation) against ethanol-induced toxicity in rats by increasing the antioxidant enzymes such as superoxide dismutase, catalase, glutathione peroxidase and decreasing the activity of Glutathione-S-transferase in the liver. The findings are also correlated with histopathological examination of N-Miracle treated group, which shows hepatic regeneration and decrease in degradation of hepatocytes. Conclusion: This study could provide a possible explanation to hepatotoxicity resulting from exposure to ethanol. The findings of the present study revealed the ameliorative effect of N-Miracle (Polyherbal formulation) against ethanol-induced hepatotoxicity by improving the liver function, increasing the levels of antioxidant enzymes and restoring the morphological features of the liver.

scholarly journals Impact of Human Umbilical Cord Blood Mononuclear Cells on Gentamicin-Induced Renal Injury and Genotoxicity in Rats

2021 ◽  
Vol 8 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ali H. Abu Almaaty ◽  
Reham A. Elmasry ◽  
Mayada S. Farrag ◽  
Fayez Althobaiti ◽  
Adil Aldhahrani ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mononuclear Cells ◽  
Histopathological Examination ◽  
Kidney Injury ◽  
Treated Group ◽  
Albino Rats ◽  
Human Umbilical Cord Blood ◽  
Human Umbilical Cord ◽  
Gentamicin Treatment ◽  
Healthy Control ◽  
Regenerative Property

Background: Acute kidney injury (AKI), also known as acute renal failure (ARF), has received considerable critical attention in recent years. Gentamicin (GM) is an antibiotic whose prolonged use results in AKI with a high mortality rate.Methods: Fifty adult female albino rats weighing 150–200 g were used. The animals were divided into five groups: the first group was the normal healthy control one, the second group received only 1 × 106 HUCB mononuclear cells (MNCs)/rat by intravenous (iv) injection, the third diseased group was given GM 100 mg/kg for 10 consecutive days by intraperitoneal injections, the fourth preventive group received 1 × 106 HUCB MNCs/rat by iv injection 24 h before gentamicin treatment, and the fifth treated group received 1 × 106 HUCB MNCs/rat by iv injection 24 h after gentamicin treatment. After 1 week of treatment, blood samples were collected, and kidneys were removed for histopathological examination.Results: Rats treated with HUCB MNCs in the treated group had a significant decrease in renal damage, low levels of biomarkers for nephrotoxicities such as serum creatinine and blood urea nitrogen, and low chromosomal aberrations compared to the diseased third group. The gene expression of KIM-1 and NGAL was decreased in response to HUCB treatment.Conclusions: HUCB MNCs have a curative effect against AKI and gentamicin-induced genotoxicity owing to their regenerative property.

Nitric Oxide Modulation as a Potential Molecular Mechanism Underlying the Protective Role of NaHS in Liver Ischemia Reperfusion Injury

2021 ◽  
Vol 14 ◽  
Author(s):  
Salwa A. Ibrahim ◽  
Seham A. Abdel-Gaber ◽  
Mohamed A. Ibrahim ◽  
Entesar F. Amin ◽  
Rehab K. Mohammed ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Caspase 3 ◽  
Ischemia Reperfusion Injury ◽  
Histopathological Examination ◽  
Ischemia Reperfusion ◽  
Protective Role ◽  
Albino Rats ◽  
High Morbidity ◽  
Tissue Samples ◽  
Sodium Hydrosulfide ◽  
Tnf Α

Background and aim: Liver IR is a frequent clinical complication with high morbidity and mortality. The present study evaluated the possible protective effect of sodium hydrosulfide (NaHS), a H2S donor, in IR-induced hepatic injury and explored the mechanisms of actions of the investigated drug. Methods: Male albino rats (200-230 g) were divided into the following groups: group 1:Sham-operated non treated rats, group 2: IR non treated rats, group 3: L-NNA + IR rats, group 4: NaHS + IR rats, group 5: L-NNA + NaHS + IR rats. Blood samples were collected for ALT determination. Liver tissue samples were used for the assessment of GPx, catalase, SOD, MDA, total nitrites and TNF-α. Parts from the liver were fixed in 10% formalin solution for histopathological examination and immunohistochemical examination of iNOS, eNOS and caspase-3. Results: NaHS protected the liver against IR. This hepatoprotection was associated with normalization of antioxidant enzyme activity and decrease in hepatic MDA, TNF-α and expression of caspase-3 and iNOS. Conclusion: NaHS is hepatoprotective in IR injury. The hepatoprotective effects of NaHS are associated with antioxidant, anti-inflammatory and antiapoptotic effects. These effects are probably mediated via NO modulation.

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