scholarly journals To Assess the Prevalence Rate of Hepatitis C among the Solid Waste Handler in Selected Areas

2021 ◽  
pp. 383-387
Author(s):  
Mayur Wanjari ◽  
Deeplata Mendhe
Keyword(s):  
Hepatitis C ◽  
Solid Waste ◽  
Prevalence Rate ◽  
Viral Infections ◽  
Sampling Technique ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Expected Outcome ◽  
Hepatitis C Viruses

Introduction: Solid waste handlers are subjected to a wide range of occupational hazards. Among these hazards is the infection from hepatitis A, B or C viruses (HAV, HBV or HCV). This relationship has been the study subject of many researchers around the world, given that the infection of hepatitis viruses is a significant cause of morbidity and a socio-economic burden.Viral hepatitis is a liver inflammation arising from viral infections. There are classes of viruses affecting the liver. The most popular forms are hepatitis B (HBV) and hepatitis C viruses (HCV). Objective: this study is planning to assess the prevalence rate of Hepatitis C among solid waste handlers in selected areas. Methodology: Cross-sectional study research designed will be used in this study conducted on a solid waste handler. The unlikely purposefully sampling technique was used to select a sample for this study to analyze the prevalence rate. The researcher's study included 100 population from the selected area and investigation of Hepatitis C will do at A.V.B.R.H Hospital Sawangi (M) Wardha. The population was selected according to inclusion and exclusion criteria. Expected Outcome: In this research study expected outcome is solid waste handlers are may be suffering from Hepatitis C because of their working pattern and environment. Conclusion: The conclusion will be drawn from the results.

Participation and Satisfaction with the National Campaign on Viral Hepatitis C and Non-Communicable Diseases among Administrative Workers of Ain Shams University, Cairo, Egypt

QJM ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 114 (Supplement_1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Nourhan B Abd-ElSamad ◽  
Nashwa I Basyoni ◽  
Mohamed F Allam ◽  
Samia I El-Damaty
Keyword(s):  
Hepatitis C ◽  
Mass Media ◽  
Prevalence Rate ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Communicable Diseases ◽  
Study Group ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Non Communicable Diseases ◽  
Viral Hepatitis C ◽  
Needle Prick

Abstract Background On the first of October,2018, the Egyptian Ministry Of Health and Population (MoHP) launched an initiative; named 100 Million Seha, for nationwide screening of hepatitis C virus (HCV) and major non communicable diseases (NCDs) diabetes, hypertension and obesity. Egypt has one of the highest prevalence rate of HCV infection in the world and NCDs are considered the leading cause of mortality in Egypt Objectives This study aimed to estimate the prevalence rate of participation of ASU workers in the Egyptian Initiative 100 Million Seha and to assess their level of satisfaction. Method A cross sectional study was conducted on 400 Administrative workers of Ain shams university faculties between March and August, 2019 in Cairo, Egypt. A multistage random sample was applied. Results Most of the study group (96%) had participated in the campaign.“Reassurance about health” was considered the main reason for participation (92%), followed by “desire to obtain follow up card”, (36%). the main cause of non-participation was fear of needle prick. About 91% of the participants were satisfied with the services provided by the campaign. Mass media was the main source of information (91%). Conclusions Most of the study group participated in the initiative 100 Million Seha and were satisfied with the service provided. Mass media played the most important role in awareness with the campaign.

scholarly journals Reporting the Undiagnosed Cases of Hepatitis B and Hepatitis C Viruses among Patients Undergoing Elective Eye Surgery in a Specialized Eye Hospital in Egypt

2019 ◽  
Vol 2019 ◽  
pp. 1-3
Author(s):  
Ahmed A. Dahab ◽  
Maha Mohamed Youssef ◽  
Hany Mohamed Eid ◽  
Khaled W. Elsadi
Keyword(s):  
Hepatitis C Virus ◽  
Hepatitis C ◽  
Hepatitis B Virus ◽  
Hepatitis B ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Eye Surgery ◽  
B Virus ◽  
High Prevalence ◽  
Hepatitis C Viruses

Introduction. Hepatitis B virus (HBV) and hepatitis C virus (HCV) and their long-term sequelae are considered a major health issue in Egypt. The aim of this study is to determine the prevalence of undiagnosed hepatitis B virus (HBV) and hepatitis C virus (HCV) among patients admitted for elective eye surgery in a specialized eye hospital in Cairo, Egypt. Materials and Methods. This cross-sectional study was conducted in a specialized eye hospital, Cairo, Egypt. The study included consecutive patients admitted for elective eye surgery in the period from April 2015 to June 2016. Age, sex, and procedure done were recorded for all patients. All the subjects were screened for HBV and HCV by rapid chromatography immunoassay; if positive, the results had to be confirmed by ELISA. Results. 3067 patients admitted for elective eye surgery were included in the study. The mean age of the patients was 50.85 ± 19.77 years. There were 1592 (51.9%) males and 1475 (48.1%) females. The prevalence of preoperative positive HBV and HCV was 7/3067 (0.2%) and 381/3067 (12.4%), respectively. Conclusion. Given the high prevalence of HBV and HCV infection in our population in general and in this study specifically, all patients admitted for surgery should be screened for both viruses.

scholarly journals SYPHILIS;

2019 ◽  
Vol 26 (04) ◽  
Author(s):  
Ahsan Ashfaq ◽  
KAUSAR ABBAS SALDERA ◽  
AYESHA EJAZ ◽  
NOOR-UN NISA MEMON ◽  
HINA RASHID ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Blood Donors ◽  
Viral Infections ◽  
Local Population ◽  
Sampling Technique ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
P Value ◽  
Chi Square ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Serum Neopterin ◽  
Neopterin Level

Objectives: To assess serum Neopterin levels in blood donors of local population and to study its relationship with transfusion transmitted infections (TTIs) including syphilis. Study Design: Descriptive cross-sectional study. Place and Duration of Study: This study was carried out in the Department of Physiology LNMC in collaboration with Basic Medical Sciences Institute, (BMSI), and Jinnah Post Graduate Medical Centre (J.P.M.C.) Karachi, from Jan to July 2015.”Methods: Total 174 blood donors were included in the study through random sampling technique. They were screen through the standard procedures used for screening at the JPMC blood bank for WHO recommended diseases. Neopterin was estimated using ELISA. Data analysis was performed using SPSS version 21. Chi square and ANOVA were applied at a confidence level of 95%.”Results: Neopterin level in the sera of syphilis positive blood donors was 5.86 ± 0.78 nmol/l which was within normal range below the cutoff value of 10 nmol/l. Neopterin content in the serum of blood donors who were negative for transfusion transmitted infections was 6.23± 2.19 nmol/l as compared to blood donors testing positive for transfusion transmitted viral infections showing high Neopterin level of 15.10 ± 4.93 nmol/l. (P value 0.001).”Conclusion: Neopterin levels were found to be within normal limits in blood donors testing positive for syphilis However in  blood donors with transfusion transmitted viral infections  serum neopterin levels were elevated.

scholarly journals Domestic Waste Disposal Practices and Perception towards Solid Waste Management in Selected Areas of Bangalore, India

2021 ◽  
pp. 14-23
Author(s):  
Anisha Rai ◽  
S. Umashankar
Keyword(s):  
Waste Management ◽  
Solid Waste ◽  
Waste Disposal ◽  
Garbage Collection ◽  
Solid Waste Management ◽  
Sampling Technique ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Multi Stage ◽  
Waste Segregation

Aims: To assess the waste disposal practices and perception towards solid waste management in selected areas of Bangalore. Study Design:  Descriptive cross-sectional study. Place and Duration of Study: Bangalore between November 2019- November 2020. Methodology: Multi stage sampling technique was used. Using random sampling, respondents from 100 households were selected from each of the 3 study areas. Face to face interview and focus group discussions in all 3 areas were conducted. Semi structured questionnaires were used to collect data. Results: The study revealed that only 35% of the respondents segregated their waste even though 64% of them had heard about it. 74.7% of them said waste van was available to collect their waste whereas few of them also resorted to open dumping and burning as method of waste disposal. 94% of the respondents said food waste was the commonly produced waste followed by plastics and papers. 14.3% respondents said garbage collection facility was not available in their area. About 72.6% of them were satisfied with the current solid waste management system. Availability of regular garbage collection facility was found to be significant with waste disposal practice. Conclusion: The variables such as age, education, size of household, source of income and monthly income were found to be significant with waste segregation practices. The waste segregation practices were found to be highly significant with knowledge on waste segregation, education on solid waste management, and exposure to information.

scholarly journals KNOWLEDGE Of ANTIBIOTIC USE, MISUSE AND ANTIBIOTIC RESISTANCE IN THE SLUM COMMUNITY IN KARACHI

2019 ◽  
Vol 9 (1) ◽  
pp. 04-06 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alia Nasir ◽  
Badil Das Goil ◽  
Adeel Eliyas ◽  
Shireen Sherali ◽  
Muhammad Hasnain Shaikh ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Antibiotic Resistance ◽  
Viral Infections ◽  
Sampling Technique ◽  
Antibiotic Use ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Community Based ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Validated Questionnaire ◽  
Improper Use ◽  
Slum Community

Background: Worldwide antimicrobial resistance is hugely increasing in the response of inappropriate antibiotic use. Our objectives were to assess knowledge of antibiotic use, misuse and antibiotic resistance in the slum community of Karachi. Methods: This Community-based cross-sectional study was carried out Shireen Jinnah Colony in Karachi for the period of six months from 1st January to 30th June 2017.Subjects of both genders were approached through convenient non-probability sampling technique. Subjects of both genders having age 15 years and above and who were willing to participate in the study were included. An adapted and validated questionnaire was used for data collection. Results: Out of total 120 subjects, the majority of 100 (83.3%) were males, 64 (53.3%) married, 36 (30%) were matriculate and 54.2% fell in the age group between 15-30 years of age. Majority of 77.5% participants never attended any seminar or workshop about antibiotic resistance. Most of 73.33% subjects answered that antibiotics are effective in treating both bacterial and viral infections. 60.83% of respondents purchase antibiotic with the prescription. 70 % of subjects knew about antibiotic adverse drug reaction. In addition, 60.83% stop the antibiotic medication when feeling better. Conclusion: The study concluded the lack of knowledge of the use of antibiotics and the unnecessary and improper use of the antibiotic may cause antibiotic resistance.

scholarly journals Antimicrobial resistance awareness and antibiotic prescribing behavior among healthcare workers in Nigeria: a national survey

2021 ◽  
Vol 21 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Emelda E. Chukwu ◽  
David A. Oladele ◽  
Christian A. Enwuru ◽  
Peter L. Gogwan ◽  
Dennis Abuh ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Antimicrobial Resistance ◽  
Healthcare Workers ◽  
Viral Infections ◽  
Health Workers ◽  
Sampling Technique ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
World Health ◽  
Antibiotic Prescribing ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Prescribing Behavior

Abstract Background Antimicrobial resistance (AMR) is a global problem compromising the effective treatment of infectious diseases. The World Health Organization (WHO) is encouraging and promoting awareness creation among health workers as one of its strategies to reduce the rate of emergence and transmission of AMR. Available data on the prescribing behavior of healthcare workers (HCWs) in Nigeria remains incomplete. This study was designed to provide an up-to-date estimate of the knowledge, attitude and antibiotic prescribing behavior of HCWs in Nigeria. Methods This is a cross-sectional study. Self-administered questionnaires were distributed to healthcare workers selected from six states, one each from the 6 geopolitical zones in Nigeria. A multi-stage sampling technique was used to reflect the three tiers of healthcare: primary, secondary and tertiary levels. Quantitative data was summarized using descriptive statistics. All data analysis was done using the Statistical package for social sciences version 26.0. Results Of the 420 questionnaires distributed, 358 (85.2%) responded. The mean year of practice of the respondents was 9.32 ± 7.8 years. About a half (50.3%) agreed that their prescribing behavior could promote antimicrobial resistance. 49.2% had a good knowledge of AMR and physicians had significantly better knowledge than other HCWs (X2 = 69.59, P < 0.001). Several participants prescribed antibiotics for common viral infections such as sore throats (75.7%), measles (37.7%), common cold and flu (21.2%). Over 60.3% admitted prescribing antibiotics just to be on the safe side. In general, 70.9% of the respondents frequently or moderately use practice guidelines while 25.7% often apply the delayed antibiotic prescription (DAP) strategy to reduce antimicrobial prescription. Conclusion This study reveals an overall moderate level of knowledge of AMR and attitude towards minimizing the emergence of antimicrobial resistance though this did not translate significantly to practice. Further efforts must be made in order to improve rational prescription of antimicrobials among HCWs in Nigeria.

scholarly journals Epidemiological Study of Anti HCV Antibodies in Rural Punjab

2017 ◽  
Vol 23 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Syed Amir Gilani ◽  
Muhammad Athar Khan ◽  
Muhammad Zahid Latif ◽  
Muhammad Azam Malik ◽  
Muhammad Arif ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Hepatitis C Virus ◽  
Hepatitis C ◽  
Rural Areas ◽  
Sampling Technique ◽  
Total Sample ◽  
Population Based ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Asymptomatic Infection ◽  
Health Concern ◽  
Cross Sectional

AbstractBackground:  Hepatitis C virus infection is a very serious and alarming public health concern worldwide. The virus is transmitted through blood and blood related infected products. However sexual and vertical transmission is also reported. Although the infection by Hepatitis C virus is endemic in nature but prevalence as well as incidence has escalating trend in Pakistan particularly in the rural areas. In the beginning it is an asymptomatic infection and majority of the victims remain unaware about the disease.Objectives:  To determine the seroprevalence of Hepatitis C in Rural Punjab, Pakistan.Methods:  A descriptive epidemiological cross sectional study was conducted from July 2013 to June 2015 in the rural Punjab of Pakistan. The province of Punjab was divided into three zones namely CentralSouthern and Northern zone. Three districts from each zone were sampled and later on three villages from each district were selected. Probability based sampling technique was used however in certain situations the total population was selected. A total sample of 2400 participants was selected with 800 from each zone of Punjab.Results:  A total of 2400 subjects from three zones of Punjab participated in this study. Out of these 2400 participants 520 (21.6%) were sero positive against Anti HCV antibodies. Anti HCV positive cases were higher (24.8%) in Northern Punjab as compared to (23.1%) in Central and (17%) in Southern rural Punjab respectively.Conclusion:  This study concludes that prevalence of HCV infection is highly endemic among the rural population of Punjab and accounts for 21.6% of the studied population. The prevalence is highest in rural northern Punjab followed by the central and southern Punjab. Drivers and helpers of the farmers are the maximally infected occupations. It is recommended to plan and implement a population based hepatitis awareness and screening campaign for the affected and general population.

scholarly journals Patterns of ethical issues and decision-making challenges in clinical practice among Ghanaian physiotherapists

2020 ◽  
Vol 54 (3) ◽  
pp. 179-185
Author(s):  
Gifty Nyante ◽  
Caleb Andoh ◽  
Ajediran Bello
Keyword(s):  
Decision Making ◽  
Ethical Issues ◽  
Code Of Ethics ◽  
Research Work ◽  
Sampling Technique ◽  
Healthcare Setting ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Public Healthcare ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Wide Range

Objectives: To determine the patterns of ethical issues and decision-making challenges encountered by practicing physiotherapists in Ghana.Design: This is a cross-sectional study in which the stratified sampling technique was adopted to sample the participants.Setting: The study involved physiotherapists at the private healthcare setting and from different levels of public healthcare facilities.Participants: Eighty-two duly registered physiotherapists who were practising in Ghana participated in the study.Interventions: Participants completed a 30-item questionnaire related to ethical issues and challenges encountered in making ethical decisions. Data analysis was premised on the frequency of occurrence of ethical tensions and difficulty in decision making which were dichotomized as 'high' and 'low' issues, and 'extreme' and 'low' difficult decisions, respectively.Results: The age range of the participants was 21-49 years (mean 31.5 ± 1.4years). 18 (22%), 31 (37.8%) and 33 (40.2%) physiotherapists practice in the primary, secondary and tertiary healthcare settings respectively. 56 (68.3%) and 43 (52.4%) of the participants affirmed that 'establishing priorities for patient's treatment amidst limited time resources' was the most frequently encountered and the most extremely difficult ethical issue to make a decision on respectively. Whereas, limiting physical therapy services for personal or organizational gains sub-theme was the least occurred issue which was also the least difficult to make a decision on as indicated by the respective 16 (19.5%) and 18 (22.0%) physiotherapists.Conclusion: A wide range of primary and secondary ethical issues were reported by the sampled physiotherapists, which tend to pose difficulty during the decision-making process in practice.Keywords: Ethical issues; code of ethics; decision making; physiotherapy practice, ethical judgementFunding: The research work was self-funded by the authors.

scholarly journals Prevalence of Intestinal Parasitic Infection in children among age of 6 to 12 years in rural area of Bareilly District: Cross Sectional Study

2020 ◽  
Vol 32 (4) ◽  
pp. 677-680
Author(s):  
Ashish Kumar Sharma ◽  
Swati Khan
Keyword(s):  
Rural Area ◽  
Prevalence Rate ◽  
Parasitic Infection ◽  
Uttar Pradesh ◽  
Sampling Technique ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Intestinal Parasitic Infection ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
High Prevalence

Background: In India overall prevalence rate of intestinal parasitic infection ranges from 12.5% to 66% with varying prevalence rate for individual parasite. About 50% of the urban population and 68% of the rural population in India is affected. Aim: Prevalence of Intestinal Parasitic Infection in children among age of 6 to 12 years in rural area of Bareilly District Material and Methods: A cross sectional study was conducted using multistage random sampling technique in rural area of Bareilly District, Uttar Pradesh, India, from November 2016 – October 2017. Result: Among 248 children, the prevalence of intestinal parasitic infestation in 6-12 years of aged children was found to be 33.90%. Conclusion: This study revealed high prevalence of intestinal parasitic infection among 6-12 years of age children in Rural Area of Bareilly District.

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