Effects of Covid-19 on Patients with Cardiovascular Diseases: A Systematic Review

Aim of Object: During the COVID-19 pandemic, the entire world is experiencing a mortality situation; most people are battling against the corona virus, but some individuals have already suffered from cardiovascular problems. For improved patient care, adequate information and comprehension of the relationship between cardiovascular disorders and COVID-19 is required. The dominant clinical manifestations of the corona virus infection are on the respiratory system. In this instance, the acute cardiac injury is the most often reported cardiac abnormality, in which the degree of cardiac output is increased, troponin levels rise, and mostly it is found in about 8% to 12% of patients. The involvement of viral cardiomyocytes and systemic inflammation is the most prevalent mechanism for cardiac damage. The corona virus attaches itself and enters through angiotensin converting enzyme-II. Discussion and Conclusion: Recent articles on COVID-19 have revealed nothing regarding these individuals' cardiac vascular manifestations. This is a critical component of all that has a big influence on COVID-19 patients' cardiovascular systems. To fully comprehend the method and effects, more study is required.

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Investigating Diseases and Chemicals in COVID-19 Literature with Text Mining (Preprint)

10.2196/preprints.21503 ◽

2020 ◽

Author(s):

Amir Karami ◽

Brandon Bookstaver ◽

Melissa Nolan

Keyword(s):

Text Mining ◽

Literature Review ◽

Topic Modeling ◽

Large Scale ◽

Clinical Manifestations ◽

International Health ◽

Research Papers ◽

Strategic Plans ◽

Funding Agencies ◽

The Relationship

BACKGROUND The COVID-19 pandemic has impacted nearly all aspects of life and has posed significant threats to international health and the economy. Given the rapidly unfolding nature of the current pandemic, there is an urgent need to streamline literature synthesis of the growing scientific research to elucidate targeted solutions. While traditional systematic literature review studies provide valuable insights, these studies have restrictions, including analyzing a limited number of papers, having various biases, being time-consuming and labor-intensive, focusing on a few topics, incapable of trend analysis, and lack of data-driven tools. OBJECTIVE This study fills the mentioned restrictions in the literature and practice by analyzing two biomedical concepts, clinical manifestations of disease and therapeutic chemical compounds, with text mining methods in a corpus containing COVID-19 research papers and find associations between the two biomedical concepts. METHODS This research has collected papers representing COVID-19 pre-prints and peer-reviewed research published in 2020. We used frequency analysis to find highly frequent manifestations and therapeutic chemicals, representing the importance of the two biomedical concepts. This study also applied topic modeling to find the relationship between the two biomedical concepts. RESULTS We analyzed 9,298 research papers published through May 5, 2020 and found 3,645 disease-related and 2,434 chemical-related articles. The most frequent clinical manifestations of disease terminology included COVID-19, SARS, cancer, pneumonia, fever, and cough. The most frequent chemical-related terminology included Lopinavir, Ritonavir, Oxygen, Chloroquine, Remdesivir, and water. Topic modeling provided 25 categories showing relationships between our two overarching categories. These categories represent statistically significant associations between multiple aspects of each category, some connections of which were novel and not previously identified by the scientific community. CONCLUSIONS Appreciation of this context is vital due to the lack of a systematic large-scale literature review survey and the importance of fast literature review during the current COVID-19 pandemic for developing treatments. This study is beneficial to researchers for obtaining a macro-level picture of literature, to educators for knowing the scope of literature, to journals for exploring most discussed disease symptoms and pharmaceutical targets, and to policymakers and funding agencies for creating scientific strategic plans regarding COVID-19.

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Involvement of monocytes/macrophages as key factors in the development and progression of cardiovascular diseases

Biochemical Journal ◽

10.1042/bj20131501 ◽

2014 ◽

Vol 458 (2) ◽

pp. 187-193 ◽

Cited By ~ 34

Author(s):

María Fernández-Velasco ◽

Silvia González-Ramos ◽

Lisardo Boscá

Keyword(s):

Myocardial Infarction ◽

Immune System ◽

Cardiovascular Diseases ◽

Cardiac Tissue ◽

Initial Period ◽

Cardiac Injury ◽

Key Factors ◽

Cardiac Damage ◽

Inflammatory Profile

Emerging evidence points to the involvement of specialized cells of the immune system as key drivers in the pathophysiology of cardiovascular diseases. Monocytes are an essential cell component of the innate immune system that rapidly mobilize from the bone marrow to wounded tissues where they differentiate into macrophages or dendritic cells and trigger an immune response. In the healthy heart a limited, but near-constant, number of resident macrophages have been detected; however, this number significantly increases during cardiac damage. Shortly after initial cardiac injury, e.g. myocardial infarction, a large number of macrophages harbouring a pro-inflammatory profile (M1) are rapidly recruited to the cardiac tissue, where they contribute to cardiac remodelling. After this initial period, resolution takes place in the wound, and the infiltrated macrophages display a predominant deactivation/pro-resolution profile (M2), promoting cardiac repair by mediating pro-fibrotic responses. In the present review we focus on the role of the immune cells, particularly in the monocyte/macrophage population, in the progression of the major cardiac pathologies myocardial infarction and atherosclerosis.

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UPDATE ON CARDIOVASCULAR IMPLICATIONS OF COVID 19

10.36106/gjra/8013840 ◽

2021 ◽

pp. 238-242

Author(s):

Pradeep Kumar Radhakrishnan ◽

Gayathri Ananyajyothi Ambat ◽

Roshini Ambat ◽

Syed Ilas Basha ◽

Hema Prakash ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Virus Disease ◽

Systemic Vasculitis ◽

Myocardial Damage ◽

Viral Disease ◽

Cardiac Damage ◽

Corona Virus ◽

Global Pandemic ◽

Acute Myocardial Injury ◽

Exercise Induced

On March 11 2020 WHO declares corona viral disease as a global pandemic .COVID 19 pandemic has taken the world by storm and many countries like India is now experiencing a second surge due to mutant strains. Global health emergency has been precipitated by this corona virus disease caused by SARS CoV2.Acute and intermediate effects on cardiovascular system are becoming obvious with progression of time. SARS-CoV-2-related endothelial dysfunction results in an augmented risk for venous thromboembolism, systemic vasculitis, endothelial cell apoptosis, and inammation in various organs. Acute infections have troponin elevation more due to indirect cardiac damage though denite patterns of direct damage do exist. Intermediate evaluation in patients with resolved infections shows increased incidence of exercise induced arrhythmias and residual cardiovascular symptoms. The virus with its zoonotic origin based upon its genomic identity to bat derived SARS corona virus has a human to human transmission mode.ACE 2 receptors facilitate cellular entry and has been implicated in direct and indirect myocardial damage. Myocarditis, acute myocardial injury, arrhythmias and thromboembolism dominates the clinical picture. Role of imaging must be dened in relation to relevant clinical ndings. With arrival of vaccine and widespread vaccination global programs, we can look forward to understanding and managing long term complications of this disease. Prognostic implications of a resolved disease need to be evaluated by future studies.

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The Correlation Internal and Eksternal Characteristics with Communication Networks Self-help Rubber Farmer in Batu Bersurat Village XIII Koto Kampar District

Journal of Agribusiness and Community Empowerment ◽

10.32530/jace.v3i1.120 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 3 (1) ◽

pp. 27-36

Author(s):

Muhammad Ikhsan Ikhsan ◽

Roza Yulida ◽

Fajar Restuhadi

Keyword(s):

Communication Network ◽

Communication Networks ◽

Land Tenure ◽

Information Needs ◽

Test Results ◽

Sources Of Information ◽

Correlation Test ◽

Self Help ◽

Adequate Information ◽

The Relationship

In order to encourage rubber agribusiness activities, farmers need adequate information and reliable sources of information to achieve their goals. To meet information needs, farmers develop communication networks between farmers and their actors. This research aims to describe the sociogram of the communication network of rubber farmers in self-help patterns,and analyze the relationship between farmer characteristics and communication networks.This research conducted in Batu Bersurat Village XIII Koto Kampar District. The method used in this research is the census method and the study respondents were taken as many as 42 farmers. The results of this research indicate that the structure of the communication network formed in rubber farmers approached the radial personal networkstructure .Based on the correlation test results indicate that the characteristics of rubber farmers related to locall centrality are, extent of land tenure, cosmopolity, intensity of counseling, and number of sources of information. Correlation test results indicate that the characteristics of rubber farmers related to globall centrality are level of education, extent of land tenure, cosmopolity, intensity of counseling, and number of sources of information.Correlation test results indicate that the characteristics of rubber farmers related to betwenness are extent of land tenure, cosmopolity, intensity of counseling, and number of sources of information.

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The Impact of Gadget Use on the Aspects of Early Childhood Language Development during Covid-19

International Journal of Emerging Issues in Early Childhood Education ◽

10.31098/ijeiece.v3i1.414 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 3 (1) ◽

pp. 01-07

Author(s):

Vebionita Megi Putri ◽

Delfi Eliza

Keyword(s):

Early Childhood ◽

Language Development ◽

Literature Study ◽

Men And Women ◽

Use Of Technology ◽

Entire World ◽

Learning At Home ◽

The Government ◽

The Impact ◽

The Relationship

Children are generations or descendants as a result of the relationship between men and women, whether in marriage or not. Early childhood is an individual who is experiencing a period of very rapid growth, even though now the entire world is experiencing the Covid-19 pandemic, it is not an obstacle to children's development and growth. With the pandemic, the government is implementing learning at home, the use of technology media is the main key in online learning. This study aims to describe the impact of using gadgets in early childhood in the aspects of language development. This research was conducted using the literature study method in which journals, books and other sources reinforce this research.

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Renovascular hypertension induces myocardial mitochondrial damage, contributing to cardiac injury and dysfunction in pigs with metabolic syndrome

American Journal of Hypertension ◽

10.1093/ajh/hpaa202 ◽

2020 ◽

Author(s):

Arash Aghajani Nargesi ◽

Mohamed C Farah ◽

Xiang-Yang Zhu ◽

Lei Zhang ◽

Hui Tang ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Metabolic Syndrome ◽

Renovascular Hypertension ◽

Cardiac Fibrosis ◽

Cardiac Injury ◽

Left Ventricular ◽

Mitochondrial Damage ◽

Mitochondrial Morphology ◽

H2o2 Production ◽

Cardiac Damage ◽

Cardiovascular Morbidity And Mortality

Abstract Background Subjects with renovascular hypertension (RVH) often manifest with metabolic syndrome (MetS) as well. Coexisting MetS and hypertension increases cardiovascular morbidity and mortality, but the mechanisms underlying cardiac injury remain unknown. We hypothesized that superimposition of MetS induces myocardial mitochondrial damage, leading to cardiac injury and dysfunction in swine RVH. Methods Pigs were studied after 16 weeks of diet-induced MetS with or without RVH (unilateral renal artery stenosis), and Lean controls (n=6 each). Systolic and diastolic cardiac function were assessed by multi-detector CT, and cardiac mitochondrial morphology (transmission electron microscopy) and myocardial function in tissue and isolated mitochondria. Results Body weight was similarly higher in MetS groups vs. Lean. RVH groups achieved significant stenosis and developed hypertension. Mitochondrial matrix density and ATP production were lower and H2O2 production higher in RVH groups versus Lean and MetS. Lean+RVH (but not MetS+RVH) activated mitophagy, which was associated with decreased myocardial expression of mitophagy-related microRNAs. MetS groups exhibited higher numbers of inter-mitochondrial junctions (IMJs), which could have prevented membrane depolarization/activation of mitophagy in MetS+RVH. Cardiac fibrosis, hypertrophy (increased left ventricular muscle mass), and diastolic function (decreased E/A ratio) were greater in MetS+RVH versus Lean+RVH. Conclusions Superimposition of MetS on swine RVH induces myocardial mitochondrial damage and dysfunction. MetS+RVH failed to activate mitophagy, resulting in greater cardiac remodeling, fibrosis, and diastolic dysfunction. Mitochondrial injury and impaired mitophagy may constitute important mechanisms and potential therapeutic targets to ameliorate cardiac damage and dysfunction in patients with coexisting MetS and RVH.

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The Relationship between Hemophilia A Severity and Hemophilia Activities List

10.31219/osf.io/gwvkr ◽

2021 ◽

Author(s):

Faizal Muhammad

Keyword(s):

High Risk ◽

Hemophilia A ◽

Bleeding Event ◽

Clinical Manifestations ◽

Self Care ◽

Daily Activities ◽

Clotting Factors ◽

Household Tasks ◽

The Relationship ◽

Lying Down

Hemophilia is a hereditary bleeding disorder due to clotting factors deficiency. Its clinical manifestations including spontaneous and recurrent joints and muscle bleeding. Thus, hemophilia can limit the patients’ daily activities. This study aims to assess the relationship of hemophilia A severity on daily activities and the Hemophilia Activities List (HAL). The research subjects were thirty men with hemophilia A aged 18 years old or older who went to the Hematology-Oncology Clinic of Dr. Moewardi General Hospital during February - September 2020. Standardized seven aspects of routine activities with high-risk for bleeding event were assessed using the HAL questionnaire including lying down/ sitting/ kneeling/ standing, functions of the legs, functions of the arms, use of transportation, self-care, household tasks, leisure activities and sports. Based on the frequency of activity difficulty due to hemophilia A, each average score of HAL aspect was categorized into never (100% - 76%); rarely (75% - 51%), sometimes (50% - 26%), and impossible (25% - 0%). Based on Factor VIII level, hemophilia A severity was categorized into mild, moderate, and severe. Spearman’s correlation test was used for statistical analysis. The result showed significant correlation (p < 0.05) on five aspects, including lying down/ sitting/ kneeling/ standing, functions of the legs, use of transportation, self-care, and household tasks. The aspects of arms functions and leisure sports activities were not significantly correlated (p > 0.05). Nevertheless, these two aspects showed positive sufficient (r = 0.330) and weak (r = 0.177) correlation respectively. Joint and muscle bleeding are an undeniable pathological event in hemophilia patients. Hemophilia A severity positively correlates with the bleeding event frequency in the essential routine musculoskeletal activities. According to the HAL questionnaire, it needs to be a concern for clinicians and patient education to prevent bleeding in any high-risk musculoskeletal activities.

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The interactions between attention deficit hyperactivity syndrome and addictions

I P Pavlov Russian Medical Biological Herald ◽

10.17816/pavlovj80114 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 29 (3) ◽

pp. 435-443

Author(s):

Tanay Maiti ◽

Samiksha Sahu ◽

Laura Orsolini ◽

Ganesh Shanker ◽

Il'ya A. Fedotov

Keyword(s):

Attention Deficit ◽

Clinical Manifestations ◽

Early Career ◽

Comorbid Conditions ◽

Hyperactivity Disorder ◽

The Relationship

In the article, a group of early career psychiatrists presents the results of a discussion about the relationship between attention deficit and hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) and addictions. Modern views on the commonality of the occurrence of these conditions at the genetic, morphological and functional levels are considered. Possible clinical manifestations and the frequency of comorbidity are described. Modern pharmacological and non-pharmacological approaches to the treatment of these comorbid conditions are discussed in detail separately. The features of therapy in the combination of ADHD with various addictions are highlighted.

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COVID-19 and Cardiomyopathy: A Systematic Review

Frontiers in Cardiovascular Medicine ◽

10.3389/fcvm.2021.695206 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 8 ◽

Author(s):

Fatemeh Omidi ◽

Bahareh Hajikhani ◽

Seyyedeh Neda Kazemi ◽

Ardeshir Tajbakhsh ◽

Sajedeh Riazi ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Heart Failure ◽

Web Of Science ◽

Cardiac Injury ◽

Left Ventricular ◽

Cardiac Complications ◽

Limited Data ◽

Cardiac Damage ◽

Laboratory Findings ◽

Lv Dysfunction ◽

D Dimer

Background: Cardiomyopathies (CMPs) due to myocytes involvement are among the leading causes of sudden adolescent death and heart failure. During the COVID-19 pandemic, there are limited data available on cardiac complications in patients with COVID-19, leading to severe outcomes.Methods: We conducted a systematic search in Pubmed/Medline, Web of Science, and Embase databases up to August 2020, for all relevant studies about COVID-19 and CMPs.Results: A total of 29 articles with a total number of 1460 patients were included. Hypertension, diabetes, obesity, hyperlipidemia, and ischemic heart disease were the most reported comorbidities among patients with COVID-19 and cardiomyopathy. In the laboratory findings, 21.47% of patients had increased levels of troponin. Raised D-dimer levels were also reported in all of the patients. Echocardiographic results revealed mild, moderate, and severe Left Ventricular (LV) dysfunction present in 17.13, 11.87, and 10% of patients, respectively.Conclusions: Cardiac injury and CMPs were common conditions in patients with COVID-19. Therefore, it is suggested that cardiac damage be considered in managing patients with COVID-19.

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Metabolic signs of abdominal obesity in the patients presenting with acute myocardial infarction and normal or excess body weight

Problems of Endocrinology ◽

10.14341/probl201258427-31 ◽

2012 ◽

Vol 58 (4) ◽

pp. 27-31

Author(s):

L V Kvitkova ◽

D A Borodkina ◽

O V Gruzdeva ◽

A A Silonova ◽

O N Zharkova ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Myocardial Infarction ◽

Insulin Resistance ◽

Metabolic Disorders ◽

Clinical Manifestations ◽

Insulin Level ◽

The Other ◽

Excess Body Weight ◽

The One ◽

The Relationship ◽

Level 2

This work was designed to study the relationship between the disturbances of carbohydrate metabolism (DCHM) and insulin resistance (IR) on the one hand and body mass index (BMI) and waist circumference (WC) on the other hand in the patients presenting with acute and cicatrical myocardial infarction (MI). It was shown that WC in all the patients exceeded the upper gender norm. The clinical manifestations of metabolic syndrome were documented in 65.6% of the patients with normal BMI, 85,7% of those with excess BMI, and in 96.3% of the patients with obesity. In all the groups the WC measures positively correlated with the glucose blood level at admittance to the hospital and on days 1 (r=0.34; p=0.01), 2 (r=0.38; p =0.0002), and 3 (r=0.68; p=0.002) after it. Similar correlation was observed with the insulin level 2 hours post-prandially on days 1 (r=0.42; p=0.01), 2 (r=0.5; p=0.0002), and 3 (r=-0.95; p=0.0003). The relationship between metabolic disorders and WC values indicates that visceral fat plays an important role in the regulation of metabolic processes and suggests the necessity of the treatment for the correction of WC.

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