University Anxiety, Depression and Stress in Pandemic Times

Fear and uncertainty, related to emergency health measures such as confinement by Covid-19, has generated anxiety, depression and stress. In this context, the objective of this work has been to establish the correlation between the three variables. The type of study was carried out under a quantitative approach, basic type, descriptive level, with a non-experimental cross-sectional-correlational design. The DASS-21 scale (Lovibond and Lovibond, 1995) was used to measure the variables indicated. The sample comprised a total of 440 students of Human Medicine from the first to the fifth cycle; it was composed of 173 females (39.3%) and 267 males (60.7%). The selection was made under non-probabilistic convenience sampling. The descriptive statistical findings revealed the difference in the students: males presented higher levels in the variables measured: anxiety in 58.2%; depression, 56.4% and stress, 34.8%. In the hypothesis test, the correlation between the anxiety variable and the depression variable obtained a result of Spearman's Rho = 0.804**, which is interpreted as a high positive relationship between the variables. As for the correlation between the anxiety variable and the stress variable, a Spearman's Rho = 0.893 was obtained, which is interpreted as high correlation between the variables.

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Competencias de Redacción en Estudiantes de Derecho de una Universidad Pública Peruana

Revista Investigación Universitaria ◽

10.53470/riu.v11i1.13 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 11 (1) ◽

pp. 502-511

Author(s):

Wuilber Jorge Alca Robles ◽

◽

Abdías Chávez Epiquén ◽

Frank Bollet Ramírez

Keyword(s):

Hypothesis Test ◽

Scientific Writing ◽

Legal Argumentation ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Correlational Design ◽

Deductive Method ◽

National University ◽

The Relationship ◽

San Martín ◽

Descriptive Level

The objective of the research was to determine the relationship between scientific writing competencies and legal argumentation in students of the eighth and ninth cycle and law graduates of the National University of San Martin in the year 2019 - 2020. We worked with a sample of 84 students from the ninth to the tenth cycle of the law career at the National University of San Martin; the data were obtained with the observation technique using the direct, valid and reliable observation guide. The study has a descriptive-level scope of cross-sectional correlational design. The scientific method, statistical method and inductive deductive method were applied, proceeding to observe the performance of the students for each variable. Spearman's rho coefficient was used for correlation, with the data of which the hypothesis test was performed. The conclusions were that there is no direct and significant relationship between scientific writing and legal argumentation rho 0.195 of rho de Spearman at 0.05 of significance.

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POS0584 ULTRASONOGRAPHY OF THE MEDIAN NERVE IN PATIENTS WITH RHEUMATOID ARTHRITIS UNDER SUSPICION OF CARPAL TUNNEL SYNDROME

Annals of the Rheumatic Diseases ◽

10.1136/annrheumdis-2021-eular.3994 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 80 (Suppl 1) ◽

pp. 525.1-525

Author(s):

S. Tsiami ◽

E. Ntasiou ◽

C. Krogias ◽

R. Gold ◽

J. Braun ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Rheumatoid Arthritis ◽

Carpal Tunnel Syndrome ◽

Median Nerve ◽

Carpal Tunnel ◽

Nerve Conduction Velocity ◽

Sectional Area ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Spearman's Rho ◽

Spearman’S Rho ◽

Tunnel Syndrome

Background:Carpal tunnel syndrome (CTS) is the most common nerve compression syndrome and a common extra-articular manifestation of rheumatoid arthritis (RA). Different causes of CTS are known, among them inflammatory and non-inflammatory pathologies. Electroneurography (ENG) of the median nerve, the method of choice to diagnose CTS, measures impairment of nerve conduction velocity without explaining its underlying cause. However, because the electrical stimulation is often not well tolerated, ENG results may come out inconclusive. Using greyscale ultrasonography (GS-US) provides anatomic information including a structural representation of the carpal tunnel.Objectives:To investigate the performance of nerve GS-US in the diagnosis of CTS in patients with RA.Methods:Consecutive patients with active RA under suspicion of CTS presenting to a large rheumatologic center were included. Both hands were examined by an experienced neurologist including ENG and a GS-US (ML linear probe with 6-15 Hz) of the median nerve. An established grading system for ENG (1), and an established system for GS-US based on cut-offs for the nerve cross sectional area (CSA) [mild: 0,11-0,13cm2, moderate: 0,14-0,15 cm2, severe: > 0,15 cm2 CTS (2)] were used. In addition, the Boston Carpal Tunnel Syndrome Questionnaire (BCTSQ) was used to assess CTS symptoms (3).Results:Both hands of 58 patients with active RA (n=116) and clinical suspicion of CTS (in 38 cases bilaterally) were included. After clinical examination, CTS was suspicious in 96 hands (82.8%), and 59 of all hands had a final diagnosis of CTS (50.9%). Of the latter, 43 hands (72.9%) had a positive ENG and 16 (27.1%) a positive GS-US finding only, while 30 hands (50.8%) were positive in both examinations.There was a good correlation of the cross-sectional area (CSA) as well as the CSA-ratio to the ENG findings: the larger the CSA, the more severe was the CTS as assessed by ENG (Spearman’s rho=0.554; p<0.001). The more severe the GS-US findings of CTS were, the more definite were the distal motor latency (Spearman’s rho=0.554; p<0.001) and sensible nerve conduction velocity of the median nerve (Spearman’s rho=-0.5411; p<0.001).In the 46 hands positive in GS-US, tenosynovial hypertrophy of the flexor tendons was detected in 19 hands (41.3%), 7 of which (36.8%) also showed an additional cystic mass. In these 19 patients, clinical complains were more severely present than in patients with non-inflammatory CTS, as assessed by the BCTSQ with a total score of 68.8±13.4 vs. 59.3±13.7, respectively (p=0.007).Conclusion:In patients with active RA and clinical complains of CTS, ultrasound examinations provide additional information about inflammation which is helpful for a diagnosis of CTS. Thus, ENG and nerve GS-US should be used complementary for a diagnostic workup of CTS in RA patients with a suspicion of CTS. Power-Doppler may further improve the diagnostic performance of GS-US.References:[1]Padua L et al. Acta Neurol Scand 1997; 96:211–217[2]El Miedany et al., Rheumatology (Oxford). 2004 Jul; 43(7):887-895[3]Levine DW et al. J Bone Joint Surg Am 1993; 75: 1585-1592Figure 1.BCTSQ scores in patients with diagnosis of CTS and absence or presence of RA-related tenosynovial hypertrophyDisclosure of Interests:None declared

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Alterations of serum levels of plasminogen, TNF-α, and IDO in granulomatosis with polyangiitis patients

Vascular ◽

10.1177/1708538120986305 ◽

2021 ◽

pp. 170853812098630

Author(s):

Dobroslav Kyurkchiev ◽

Tsvetelina Yoneva ◽

Adelina Yordanova ◽

Ekaterina Kurteva ◽

Georgi Vasilev ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Granulomatosis With Polyangiitis ◽

Renal Involvement ◽

Clinical Manifestations ◽

Area Under The Curve ◽

Serum Levels ◽

Necrosis Factor Alpha ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Spearman's Rho ◽

Tnf Α ◽

Spearman’S Rho

Background Granulomatosis with polyangiitis (GPA) is a representative of vasculitides associated with anti-neutrophil cytoplasmic autoantibodies. “Classical” antibodies directed against proteinase 3 are involved in the pathogenesis and are part of the GPA diagnosis at the same time. Along with them, however, antibodies against Lysosomal-Associated Membrane Protein-2 (LAMP-2) and antibodies directed against plasminogen have been described in GPA. Objectives and methodology: We performed a cross-sectional study enrolling 34 patients diagnosed with GPA. Our study was aimed at looking for correlations between serum levels of LAMP-2 and plasminogen and the clinical manifestations of the GPA. Furthermore, we examined serum levels of tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-α) and its associated indoleamine-pyrrole 2,3-dioxygenase (IDO), as well as we looked for a correlation between these cytokines and the clinical manifestations of GPA. Results The results showed that in GPA, serum plasminogen levels were negatively associated with renal involvement (receiver operating characteristic (ROC) area under the curve (AUC) of 0.78) (95% CI 0.53–0.91), p = 0.035, and the extent of proteinuria, Spearman’s Rho = –0.4, p = 0.015. Increased levels of TNF-α and IDO correlated with disease activity, Spearman’s Rho =0.62, p = 0.001 and Spearman’s Rho = 0.4, p = 0.022, respectively, whereas only TNF-α was increased in severe forms of GPA with lung involvement (ROC AUC of 0.8) (95% CI 0.66–0.94), p = 0.005. Conclusions In this study, we demonstrate the alteration of soluble factors, which play an important role in the pathogenesis of GPA and their relationship with the clinical manifestations of the disease. Our main results confirm the associations of increased secretory TNF-α and some clinical manifestations, and we describe for the first time decreased serum plasminogen levels and their association with renal involvement.

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HUBUNGAN PERILAKU MAHASISWA POLTEKKES YANG MENGGUNAKAN FIXED APLIANCE TENTANG MENYIKAT GIGI DENGAN NILAI OHI-S DI POLTEKKES KEMENKES MEDAN TAHUN 2013

Jurnal Ilmiah PANNMED (Pharmacist, Analyst, Nurse, Nutrition, Midwivery, Environment, Dentist) ◽

10.36911/pannmed.v8i3.327 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 8 (3) ◽

pp. 211-217

Author(s):

Herlinawati Herlinawati ◽

Ngena Ria ◽

Zuraidah Nasution

Keyword(s):

Chi Square ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Fixed Appliance ◽

Spearman's Rho ◽

Spearman’S Rho

Fixed appliance atau disebut juga pesawat orthodonti cekat merupakan alat orthodonti yang dilengketkanlangsung pada gigi. Dewasa ini pemakaian fixed appliance semakin banyak diminati kawula muda untukmemperbaiki dan mengoptimalkan fungsi gigi sebagai alat kunyah dan untuk mengoptimalkan fungsiestetika gigi. Piranti fixed appliance memiliki bentuk yang rumit sehingga mempermudah lengketnya plaklebih lama dan dapat meningkatkan resiko terjadinya karies, gingivitis dan penyakit periodontal. Adanyapiranti fixed appliance yang menempel pada gigi-gigi akan menyulitkan untuk membersihkan gigi sehinggacenderung terjadi penumpukan plak pada gigi disekitar bracket dan mahkota gigi pada tepi gingival.Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui hubungan perilaku mahasiswa yang memakai fixed appliancetentang menyikat gigi dengan nilai OHI-S di Poltekkes Kemenkes Medan. Jenis penelitian yang digunakanadalah survei analitik dengan desain cross sectional . Populasi dalam penelitian ini berjumlah 122 orang dansampel adalah seluruh populasi yaitu 122 orang (total populasi). instrumen yang dipakai yaitu kaca mulut,pinset, sonde, nier bekken, handuk bersih kuesioner dan formulir pemeriksaan. Analisis data bivariatdengan menggunakan uji chi-square dan Spearman’s rho dengan derajat kepercayaan 95% (α = 0,05).Berdasarkan hasil penelitian, diperoleh kategori pengetahuan mahasiswa tidak berhubungan dengan kriteriaOHI-S (p > 0,05) sedangkan kategori sikap dan tindakan mempunyai hubungan dengan kriteria OHI-S (p <0,05). Nilai OHI-S rata-rata adalah 2,68. Dianjurkan kepada mahasiswa yang menggunakan fixed applianceagar lebih meningkatkan kebersihan gigi dan mulutnya, mengiku

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Pengaruh Dukungan Sosial Terhadap Kecemasan Pada Ibu Hamil di Puskesmas Jetis Kabupaten Ponorogo

Jurnal Delima Harapan ◽

10.31935/delima.v5i1.10 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 5 (1) ◽

pp. 55-66

Author(s):

Ambika Kurnia Mustikawati

Keyword(s):

Social Support ◽

Pregnant Women ◽

Correlation Coefficient ◽

Sampling Technique ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Spearman's Rho ◽

Spearman’S Rho ◽

The Social ◽

The Face ◽

Independent Variable

Background: Pregnancy is a valuable thing, but also one of the great stresses for awoman both physically and mentally. Pregnant women with high anxiety will increase therisk of hypertension, difficulty sleeping and stroke, seizures and even death in the motherand fetus. In Puskesmas Ponorogo district the number of pregnant women as much as5903 mothers, while in health centers Jetis the number of pregnant women as many as200 mothers. Interview results, 21 out of 27 mothers said were very anxious during herpregnancy. The purpose of this study was to analyze the factors of social support foranxiety in pregnant women.Subjects and Methods: The type of research is analytical with cross-sectional approach.The location of research at Jetis health center Ponorogo regency. Research conducted onSeptember 1 to October 15, 2016. Sample of 30 pregnant women using proportionalrandom sampling technique. Dependent variable is anxiety, while independent variable issocial support. Data collection techniques using questionnaires. Data analysis usingSpearman's Rho using SPSS 18.0 for windows computer program.Results: The results showed that from 40 respondents, almost half were 13 (32.5%)multiparous had mild anxiety and nearly half were 13 (32.5%) primipara experiencedmoderate anxiety. of the 40 respondents, nearly half (12%) of 3 trimester pregnantwomen had moderate anxiety and a small proportion of 9 (22.5%) of 2 trimester pregnantwomen had mild anxiety. The result of calculation using spearman's rho statistic testobtained p = 0,006 <α 0,05 mean there is influence between parity with anxiety inpregnant woman with correlation coefficient of -0,424 which show intensity of influenceof medium that is if the smaller parity hence more anxiety level. The calculation ofgestational age with spearman's rho p = 0,023 <α 0.05 means that there is an influencebetween parity with anxiety in pregnant women with a correlation coefficient of 0.359which shows the weakness of weak influence.Conclusion: The social support provided by husband and family will affect the level ofanxiety in each pregnant woman. It is hoped for a place of research to provide a solutionfor pregnant women who experience anxiety so that pregnancy can run smoothly andrespondents are expected to have a good coping mechanism in the face of anxiety forhealth and also the fetus.

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HUBUNGAN SKALA KEPRIBADIAN MINESSOTA MULTIPHASIC PERSONALITY INVENTORY TEST-2 (MMPI-2) dengan IPK MAHASISWAKEDOKTERAN DI UNIVERSITAS MUHAMMADIYAH MALANG

Saintika Medika ◽

10.22219/sm.v12i1.5264 ◽

2016 ◽

Vol 12 (1) ◽

pp. 56

Author(s):

Nur Aini Yunike Bahari Margarini ◽

Gita Sekar Prihanti ◽

Dr Suharto

Keyword(s):

Minnesota Multiphasic Personality Inventory ◽

Personality Inventory ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Purposive Sampling ◽

Spearman's Rho ◽

Spearman’S Rho

Kepribadian seorang mahasiswa terutama di bidang pendidikan dokter sangat berpengaruh terhadap cara menjalankan tugasnya sebagai mahasiswa dengan baik. Oleh karena itu dilakukan teskepribadian.Salah satunyauntuk mengetahui kepribadiannya, berupa tes Minnesota Multiphasic Personality Inventory-2 (MMPI-2). Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui Hubungan Skala Kepribadian Minessota Multiphasic Personality Inventory Test-2 (Mmpi-2) Dengan IPK Mahasiswa Kedokteran Semester 4 Fakultas KedokteranUniversitas Muhammadiyah Malang. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode analitik observasional dengan pendekatan cross sectional. Teknik pengambilan sampel menggunakan purposive sampling dengan besar sampel sebanyak 112 mahasiswa. Sumber data menggunakan data primer dan analisa data menggunakan uji spearman’s rho. Hasil uji spearman’s rho pada 10 skala kepribadian Minessota Multiphasic Personality Inventory Test-2 (MMPI-2) dengan IPK Mahasiswa Kedokteran menunjukkan seluruh nilai signifikansi lebih dari 0,05 sehingga tidak ada hubungan yang bermakna.Kata kunci : Skala MMPI-2, IPK, Mahasiswa Kedokteran

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Lama Merokok dan Jumlah Konsumsi Rokok terhadap Trombosit pada Laki-laki Perokok Aktif

Kesmas National Public Health Journal ◽

10.21109/kesmas.v9i3.692 ◽

2015 ◽

Vol 9 (3) ◽

pp. 257

Author(s):

Rini Sundari ◽

Dinyar Supiadi Widjaya ◽

Aditya Nugraha

Keyword(s):

Large Cell ◽

Cardiovascular Disorder ◽

Cross Sectional Study ◽

Cigarette Consumption ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Distribution Width ◽

Garment Factory ◽

Normality Test ◽

Spearman's Rho ◽

Spearman’S Rho

Jumlah perokok dan jumlah rokok yang dikonsumsi mengalami peningkatan dari waktu ke waktu. Rokok dapat memengaruhi trombosit yang dapat menyebabkan gangguan kardiovaskular. Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian potong lintang yang bertujuan untuk menganalisis lama merokok dan jumlah rokok yang dikonsumsi terhadap jumlah trombosit, mean platelet volume (MPV), platelet distribution width (PDW), platelet crit (PCT), dan platelet large cell ratio (PLCR). Penelitian dilakukan di Pabrik Garmen Cimahi pada tahun 2014 yang diikuti oleh 31 laki-laki perokok aktif berusia 19 - 50 (32,97 + 10,28) tahun, 70,9% di antaranya sebagai perokok sedang. Analisis data dilakukan secara deskriptif, uji normalitas Shapiro-Wilk, dan uji korelasi Spearman’s rho. Peserta telah merokok selama minimal dan maksimal dengan rata-rata (+ SB), yaitu 3 - 25 tahun (10,48 + 6,33) dan konsumsi rokok sebanyak 5 - 25 batang per hari (13,10 + 4,99). Jumlah trombosit 171 - 422 (280,9 + 56,2) x 10^3 sel/mm3, MPV 8,8 - 13,6 (10,14 + 0,93) fL, PDW 8,7 - 13,8 (10,27 + 1,22) fL, PLCR 14,4 - 38,8% (24,91 + 5,46), dan PCT 0,1 - 0,4%(0,28 + 0,06). Sebaran ukuran trombosit ditemukan normal, namun dengan ukuran besar sesuai nilai MPV dan PLCR yang tinggi. PCT normal berkorelasi sangat kuat dengan jumlah trombosit. Jumlah batang rokok yang dikonsumsi berkorelasi lemah dengan lamanya merokok. Lama merokok dan jumlah rokok yang dikonsumsi berkorelasi negatif dengan jumlah trombosit, MPV, PDW maupun PLCR.Smoking Period and Number of Cigarette Consumption with Thrombocyte among Active Male SmokersNumber of smokers and cigarette consumption are increasing from time to time. Cigarettes influence thrombocytes which may cause cardiovascular disorder. This study was a cross sectional study aiming to analyze smoking period and cigarette consumption number toward the number of thrombocytes, MPV, PDW, PCT and PLCR. This study was conducted at Cimahi Garment Factory in 2014 participated by 31 active male smokers in age of 19 - 50 (32,97+10,28) years old in which 70,9% of them were medium smokers. Data analysis was conducted descriptively, using Shapiro-Wilk normality test and Spearman’s rho correlation test. Participants had been smoking for the minimum and maximum 3 - 25 (10.48 + 6.33) years and 5 - 25 (13.10 + 4.99) cigarettes in average per day. The number of thrombocytes was worth 171 - 422 (280,9 + 56,2)x10^3 cells/mm3, MPV 8.8 - 13.6 (10.14 + 0.93) fL, PDW 8.7 - 13.8 (10.27+ 1.22) fL, PLCR 14.4 - 38.8% (24.91 + 5.46) and PCT 0.1 - 0.4% (0.28 + 0.06). PDW was found normal with the giant shape in accordance with the high MPV and PLCR value. PCT was normal correlated strongly with thrombocyte number. The cigarette consumption number had a weak correlation with the smoking period. The smoking period and the cigarette consumption number had a negative correlation with the number of thrombocytes, MPV, PDW and PLCR.

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Hubungan Pengetahuan Dengan Tingkat Kesiapsiagaan Siswa/I SMA N 9 Takengon Terhadap Bencana Gempa Bumi di Kecamatan Ketol Kabupaten Aceh Tengah Tahun 2017

JURNAL PENELITIAN PENDIDIKAN, PSIKOLOGI DAN KESEHATAN (J-P3K) ◽

10.51849/j-p3k.v1i3.39 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 1 (3) ◽

pp. 190-200

Author(s):

Syahferi Anwar ◽

Rike Mahara

Keyword(s):

Cross Sectional ◽

Spearman's Rho ◽

Spearman’S Rho

Gempa bumi yang berkekuatan 6,2 SR melanda Kabupaten Aceh Tengah pada juli 2013 lalu meluluh lantakkan hampir seluruh wilayah Kabupaten Aceh Tengah dan Kabupaten Bener Meriah. Kecamatan Ketol adalah wilayah terparah yang terkena dampak gempa tersebut. Tanah longsor, rumah ambruk hingga korban jiwa yang tidak sedikit. Setelah terjadinya musibah tersebut, pendidikan pelatihan dan simulasi menghadapi bencana belum pernah dilakukan, namun dalam fase rehabilitasi bencana tanggap darurat hal ntersebut perlu dilakukan. apabila suatu saat dampak bencana serupa dapat minimalisir bahkan di hindari. Penelitian ini mengunakan jenis Deskriptif Korelasi dengan pendekatan Cross Sectional. Jumlah populasi sebanyak 95 orang. Tekhnik pengambilan sampel menggunakan tekhnik Total Sampling sehingga jumlah sampel sebanyak 95 orang. Analisa data yang digunakan uji spearman’s Rho. Hasil penelitian pengetahuan dengan tingkat kesiapsiagaan terhadap bencana gempa bumi diperoleh nilai p=0,000. Hal ini menunjukkan bahwa ada hubungan yang pengetahuan dengan tingkat kesiapsiagaan siswa/I SMA N 9 Takengon terhadap bencana gempa bumi di Kecamatan Ketol Kabupaten Aceh Tengah Tahun 2017. Sebagai Kesimpulan dan harapan peneliti kepada sekolah sekolah maupun pemerintah terkait untuk membentuk kegiatan kesiapsiagaan demi meningkatkan pengetahuan dan kesiapsiagaan dalam menghadapi bencana gempa bumi. Sehingga kesiapsiagaan dalam menghadapi bencana dapat lebih maksimal.

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Refractive Outcomes of Table-Mounted and HandheldAuto-Refractometers in Children: An Observational Cross-Sectional Study

10.21203/rs.3.rs-148950/v1 ◽

2021 ◽

Author(s):

müjdat karab ◽

sinem karabulut ◽

Aylin karalezli

Keyword(s):

Cross Sectional Study ◽

Spherical Equivalent ◽

Sectional Study ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Refractive Outcomes ◽

Spearman's Rho ◽

Spearman’S Rho ◽

The Mean ◽

Mean Differences ◽

Cylinder Power

Abstract Background: To compare the refractive results of two autorefractors.Methods: We designed this study as an observational, cross-sectional study. We compared the mean spheric and cylinder power, spherical equivalent, Jackson cross-cylinder values, determined the limits of agreement (LoA), and evaluated reliability.Results: Nidek HandyRef-K autorefractor measured more astigmatism and myopia in terms of the mean cylindrical power (P<.001) and spherical equivalent (P=.024). Nidek HandyRef-K showed significantly more myopic results in subgroups with spherical power more than +1.50 Diopters (D) hyperopia and -3.00 D myopia (P=.031; P=.045; P=.026; respectively) and higher astigmatism in the subgroup with the cylindric power less than -1.00 D (P<.001). The mean differences and 95% LoA were 0.06 D ± 0.47 D (-0.82 D to 0.98 D) in spherical power, 0.08 D ± 0.28 D (-0.47 D to 0.64 D) in cylindrical power, 0.11 D ± 0.47 D (-0.81 D to 1.01 D) in spherical equivalent, 0.02 D ± 0.36 D (-0.73 D to 0.69 D) in Jackson cross-cylinder power at 0°, 0.005 D ± 0.54 D (-1.07 D to 1.06 D) in Jackson cross-cylinder power at 45°. There was a strong correlation for spherical power (Spearman’s rho=0.99, P<.001), cylindrical power (Spearman’s rho=0.88, P<.001), spherical equivalent (Spearman’s rho=0.98, P<.001).Conclusion: Nidek HandyRef-K showed more myopic results regarding spherical equivalent and cylindrical power. Nidek HandyRef-K showed significantly more myopia in spherical power more than +1.50 D hyperopia, -3.00 D myopia, and more prominent astigmatism in cylindrical power less than -1.00 D subgroups.

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THE CORRELATIONS BETWEEN WAIST HIP RATIO AND PRIMARY MENSTRUATION PAIN AMONG TEENAGE GIRLS

Majalah Ilmiah Fisioterapi Indonesia ◽

10.24843/mifi.2019.v07.i01.p11 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 7 (1) ◽

Author(s):

Ni Kadek Merry Marth Ardyastin ◽

Ari Wibawa ◽

Luh Made Indah Sri Handari Adiputra ◽

I Wayan Gede Sutadarma

Keyword(s):

Chi Square ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Teenage Girls ◽

Waist Hip Ratio ◽

Spearman's Rho ◽

Spearman’S Rho ◽

Chi Square Test ◽

Analytical Research ◽

Independent Variable ◽

Menstrual Distress

Most of teenage girls have painful experience during their menstrual period, especially primary dysmenorrhea. It caused by many factors one of them is Waist Hip Ratio. This study was cross sectional analytical research. There are 70 samples collected of females aged 15-18 years. The independent variable is Waist Hip Ratio measured with midline and the dependent variable is primary menstruation pain measured with Modified Menstrual Distress Questionnaire (MMDQ). The hypothesis tested using Chi Square Test and Spearman’s Rho to analyzed the significance of correlation between Waist Hip Ratio and primary menstruation pain among teenage girls. This study got the result of mean of Waist Hip Ratio is is 0.811 ± 0.043 and mean of primary menstruation pain is 28.643 ± 11.612. In analysis calculation, the output data is known as p = 0.042. The result of Spearman’s Rho is low correlation (r = 0.243) between Waist Hip Ratio and primary menstruation pain. It can be conclude there is a significant relations between Waist Hip Ratio and primary menstruation pain among teenage girls. Keywords : Waist Hip Ratio, Primary Menstruation Pain, Teenage Girls

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