Copper-based MOF, Cu3(SDBA)2(HSDBA), as catalyst for efficient reduction of 4-nitrophenol in the presence of sodium borohydride

Herein, we report the synthesis of the copper-based MOF, Cu3(SDBA)2(HSDBA), using solvothermal method. The physicochemical properties of the as-prepared sample were examined by X-ray diffraction, scanning electron microscopy, energy-dispersive X-ray...

Andrographis paniculata absorbed ZnO nanofibers as a potential antimicrobial agent for biomedical applications

The present study focuses on developing antimicrobial nanofibers with superhydrophobicity and insect repellent properties for wound dressing and biomedical applications. For the first time, Andrographis paniculata leaf extract was prepared and incorporated into ZnO nanofibers (AP-ZnO). The antifungal and antibacterial activities of AP-ZnO were tested using the agar plate method. Amid the bacteria and fungus strain tested, the prepared sample exhibited a greater efficiency against Staphylococcus aureus and Trichophyton rubrum respectively. AP-ZnO showed the highest larvicidal activity (100 ± 0.2) against Aedes aegypti, proving its insect repellent characteristics. The in vivo toxicity studies of AP-ZnO (100 μg ml−1) tested on Danio rerio ensure the biocompatibility of the prepared sample with maximum toxicity of 21.1% after 72 h, which is lower than commercial Prallethrin. Moreover, AP-ZnO-chitosan coated cotton fabric showed higher durability with contact angle (θ ∼ 151°) and was suggested to be used for self-cleaning applications in the biomedical sector. The examined results confirmed that AP-ZnO possesses different medicinal characteristics suitable for biomedical and pharmaceutical applications.

Comparative HPLC analysis of different samples of Tribhuvankirti Rasa

Background: There are different methods of Vatsanabha shodhana but it is not mentioned in literature that which method should be used in preparation of Tribhuvankirti rasa which will make the drug safer. Objectives: To acquire knowledge regarding toxic principle in self prepared and market sample of Tribhuvankirti Rasa with respect to different shodhana methods of Vatsanabha and to develop a method of testing toxic principle in the formulation. Material and methods: Three samples were prepared out of which two samples were prepared using different shodhana media and one sample was prepared using impure ingredients and three samples of Tribhuvankirti Rasa were purchased from market. Physicochemical and phytochemical analysis of the final product was conducted and the observations were compared among six samples. Results: HPLC graphs indicate that the numbers of peaks are increased in the sample prepared with Godugdda shodhita Vatsanabha and all the market samples in comparison with Ashodhita and Gomutra shodhita samples of Tribhuvankirti Rasa. All samples contain alkaloids, however after purification there was decrease in the concentration of detected alkaloid. Conclusion: The toxic principle (Aconitine) in market and self prepared sample of Tribhuvankirti Rasa has been reduced by shodhana. In addition, flavonoids, glycosides and anti-oxidants are found which are beneficial for health.

Au@Ag Core/Shell Nanoparticles Prepared by Laser-Assisted Method for Optical Limiting Applications

Keeping in view the fascinating properties of noble materials in the nanoscale, we synthesized nanocomposite materials from metals of Au and Ag in the form of core/shell structure by a simple, eco-friendly, inexpensive, smart, and fast method. This method is pulsed laser ablation of Ag plate immersed in chloroauric acid solution using Nd:YAG solid state laser (1064nm, 7ns, 10Hz). The physicochemical investigations were presented by different techniques to investigate its structural characterization, morphological and optical characterization including linear and nonlinear properties. These techniques confirmed that produced sample has a crystalline structure from Au an Ag structure, and its morphology has a core/shell structure with Au in shell and Ag in core. The nonlinear optical characterization of the prepared sample was investigated by Z-scan technique using the second harmonic of the same laser source. The prepared sample of Au@Ag core/shell showed a tuning of nonlinearity characteristic property between that of the nanoparticles from Au or Ag. So, this material could be represented a recommended nonlinear material to be a promising candidate for optical limiting applications

Facile Hydrothermal Fabrication of Eu Doped Alumina for Potential Bioluminescent Imaging and Drug Delivery System

The aim of this study is to investigate the photoluminescence (PL) properties of europium (Eu) doped alumina as potential platform for simultaneous bio Imaging and drug delivery. Synthesis of Eu doped alumina is done by a facile two step method. In the first stage, hydrothermal synthesis is used to prepare the Eu doped ammonium aluminum carbonate hydroxide which is then calcined to get a crystalline Eu doped alumina. Structural characterization of the prepared sample is done through XRD and SEM. Photoluminescence spectroscopy is performed in order the study the PL response. The SEM images of the Eu doped sample revealed whisker shaped morphology, the porosity in the inter and intra whisker region is beneficial for the high drug loading capacity. The length of the bundle after annealing was about 5 µm with the bundle diameter of 0.45 µm. XRD patterns of the prepared sample has sharp peaks, showing a high degree of crystallinity corresponding to the α-alumina phase. Finally PL response was checked at an excitation wavelength of 393 nm. A dominant peak was observed at a wavelength of 613 nm corresponding to the 5D0 to 7F2 transition.The3-(4,5-Dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyltetrazolium bromide MTT assay confirms the cell viability of more than 100% at even a concentration of 500 nano molar alumina in phosphate-buffered saline (PBS). These results show that the Eu doped alumina having optimum PL response, high biocompatibility and drug loading capacity which makes it a promising candidate for theranostic applications.

Synthesis and Structural Study of Ferroelectric Material Lead Titanate (PbTiO3)

Lead Titanate PbTiO3, (PT) is technologically important ferroelectric and piezoelectric ceramics. To make PbTiO3, the oxides PbO and TiO2 are combined in a stoichiometric ratio. Solid-state reaction process was used to synthesize the oxides. The calcination temperature was 8500C. The prepared sample has been characterized by XRD techniques with a scanning rate of 6 degree per minutes. The prepared sample PbTiO3 shows crystalline nature, with Tetragonal symmetry, as observed by X –ray measurements. A scanning electron microscope (SEM) was used to examine the surface morphology and grain size of the obtained samples. Micrographs obtained from SEM analysis revealed a single phase sample of well-defined grains.

Enrichment in the field emission properties of NiCo2O4 nanostructures by UV/Ozone treatment

Herein, UV/O3 treatment was imposed on the hydrothermally synthesized spinel NiCo2O4 urchin like structure to study its enhancement effect in the field electron emission properties. The as prepared sample was...

In vitro evaluation of a novel immediate-release formulation of oxycodone (RoxyBond™) for the potential for abuse via injection

Objective: Immediate-release (IR) oxycodone formulations may be manipulated for nonoral routes of administration. Oxycodone abuse-resistant immediate-release (ARIR) is a novel abuse-deterrent formulation (ADF) of IR oxycodone. This study aimed to assess the intravenous (IV) abuse potential of Oxycodone ARIR relative to commercially available IR oxycodone tablets using in vitro laboratory studies.Design: Intact or manipulated tablets were incubated in 5 or 10 mL of room temperature water for increasing amounts of time. For each timepoint, syringeability, defined as the ability to draw up water-immersed intact or manipulated tablets into a syringe, was assessed on a scale of 1 (very easy) to 10 (impossible). If the prepared sample could be drawn into a syringe, the proportion of syringeable oxycodone was measured analytically.Results: In all conditions, it was nearly impossible to draw any liquid into a syringe from samples containing manipulated Oxycodone ARIR tablets (N = 5/ group), and most samples released very low concentrations (10%) of their total oxycodone content, regardless of sample volume. In contrast, samples containing crushed IR oxycodone (N = 5/group) in small volumes of fluid were easily drawn into a syringe through the smallest needle, and more than 90% of the oxycodone content was released from relatively small sample volumes (5 mL).Conclusion: The difficulty required to prepare an injectable solution from Oxycodone ARIR when manipulated suggests that Oxycodone ARIR has abuse-deterrent properties that may deter IV abuse.

Repellency Effect of Prepared Neem Tree Leaves Smoke against Mosquito

The study was design to evaluate the smoke repellency effect of prepared neem leaves, against mosquito. The dried neem powder was used for making the insecticide, 10 g of powdered leaves sample was weight into a 200 ml beaker, and 5.0 g of starch was weight and added to the leave sample in the beaker. The mixture was stirred and 5.0 ml of distilled water was added gradually to the mixture in little quantity while stirring. The beaker with wet insecticide mixture was dried in an oven until a constant weight was obtained. The prepared neem insecticide was distributed among the households to use at night, to substitute synthetic insecticides. The users were randomly selected within the study area. The data was collected based on the time of application, number of bites receive before and after the application this was done based on 0-5 rating scale. The result revealed that the prepared insecticide is 100% effective though the effectiveness is dependent to time taken after application. The questionnaire was also used to assess the view of the users on the adverse effect they experienced upon the exposure to neem tree leaves prepared sample. The study has been concluded that neem leaves smoke is effective in repelling mosquito, and it can be an alternative to the synthetic insecticides hence it is safe for the users and the environment.

Towards the Enhancement in Photocatalytic Performance of Ag3PO4 Nanoparticles through Sulfate Doping and Anchoring on Electrospun Nanofibers

Present work reports the enhancement in photocatalytic performance of Ag3PO4 nanoparticles through sulfate doping and anchoring on Polyacrylonitrile (PAN)-electrospun nanofibers (SO42−-Ag3PO4/PAN-electrospun nanofibers) via electrospinning followed by ion-exchange reaction. Morphology, structure, chemical composition, and optical properties of the prepared sample were characterized using XRD, FESEM, FTIR, XPS, and DRS. The anchoring of SO42−-Ag3PO4 nanoparticles on the surface of PAN-electrospun nanofibers was evidenced by the change in color of the PAN nanofibers mat from white to yellow after ion-exchange reaction. FESEM analysis revealed the existence of numerous SO42−-Ag3PO4 nanoparticles on the surface of PAN nanofibers. Photocatalytic activity and stability of the prepared sample was tested for the degradation of Methylene blue (MB) and Rhodamine B (RhB) dyes under visible light irradiation for three continuous cycles. Experimental results showed enhanced photodegradation activity of SO42−-Ag3PO4/PAN-electrospun nanofibers compared to that of sulfate undoped sample (Ag3PO4/PAN-electrospun nanofibers). Doping of SO42− into Ag3PO4 crystal lattice could increase the photogenerated electron–hole separation capability, and PAN nanofibers served as support for nanoparticles to prevent from agglomeration.