Gambaran Peningkatan Motorik Kasar Setelah Dilakukan Latihan Akuatik Pada Anak Cerebral Palsy : Literatur Review

Background: Cerebral Palsy is a heterogeneous group of disorders of neuromotor function disorders in early birth, non-progressive, affecting the fetal or developing brain and characterized by changes in muscle tone (especially spasticity or stiffness), muscle weakness, involuntary movements, ataxia, or a combination. the abnormality. Objective: The literature review study aims to determine the description of aquatic exercise to improve gross motor skills in CP children. Methods: The selection of articles in this study used the PICO mnemonic design. 35 reviewed articles via Z-library articles, PubMed. Inclusion and exclusion criteria according to keywords, published in 2010-2021. Results: The results of the analysis of the literature review of 5 articles showed that aquatic exercise can improve gross motor skills with an average value before the intervention of 50,1 and before the intervention of 52,7. Conclusion: aquatic exercise can improve children's motor skills in cerebral palsy. Suggestion: As a basic action in performing physiotherapy management on gross motor problems in children with cerebral palsy, physiotherapy can handle using aquatic exercise modalities.Keywords:Cerebral Palsy, Aquatic, gross motor AbstrakCerebral Palsy kelaian heterogen dari gangguan fungsi neuromotor pada masa awal kelahiran, Permasalahan pada anak cerebral palsy yaitu gangguan pada motorik dan postur tubuh yang biasanya terlihat pada masa bayi atau pada anak usia dini, Latihan akuatik dapat memperbaiki motorik kasar pada anak karena sensoris motoris anak penting untuk mengembangkan otot-otot dan aktivitas sesnorik motorik merupakan komponen yang paling besar pada anak-anak. Cp sering terjadi pada anak laki-laki dibandingkan anak perempuan. Penelitian literatur review bertujuan untuk mengetahui Gambaran meningkatkan motorik kasar setelah dilakukan latihan akuatik pada anak CP. Pemilihan artikel pada penelitian ini menggunakan desain mnemonic PICO. Artikel yang di review melalui Z-library artikel berjumlah 2, PubMed berjumlah 3. Kreteria insklusi dan ekslusi sesuai dengan kata kunci, dipublikasi rentang waktu 2010-2021. Hasil analisis literature review 5 artikel menunjukan bahwa latihan akuatik dapat meningatkan motorik kasar dengan rata-rata usia 4-12 tahun, dan GMFCS yang didaptkan leve II lebih unggul sebesar 31 anak, untuk nilai rata-rata sebelum intervensi 50,1 dan sesudah intervensi 52,7. latihan akuatik dapat meningkatkan motorik anak pada Cerebral palsy. Sebagai dasar tindakan dalam melakukan management fisioterapi pada masalah motorik kasar pada anak cerebral palsy, fisioterapi dapat melakukan penanganan dengan menggunakan modalitas latihan akuatikKata kunci: Cerebral Palsy, Akuatik, Motorik kasar

Rehabilitation Programs for Bedridden Patients with Prolonged Immobility: A Scoping Review Protocol

Bedridden patients usually stay in bed for long periods, presenting several motor problems caused by immobility, such as reductions in muscle mass, bone mineral density and physical impairment, resulting in a long recovery process. Thus, identifying physical rehabilitation programs for bedridden patients with prolonged immobility is a matter of urgent research for a solution that will help health professionals and stakeholders to develop more adjusted programs and identify possible gaps. To date, no previous scoping reviews addressing this purpose have been found. This scoping review will be guided by the Joanna Briggs Institute (JBI) methodology, will focus on physical rehabilitation programs for bedridden patients with prolonged immobility and aims to map the programs, the devices used, and the parameters assessed. A relevant set of electronic databases and grey literature will be searched. Data extraction will be conducted using a tool developed by the research team that will address the review objectives and questions. Data synthesis will be presented in tabular form and a narrative summary aligned with the review’s objective. This scoping review will contribute to the improvement of clinical practice, identifying key challenges that might justify the need to develop new programs suitable in clinical and organizational contexts.

Motor and visuomotor function in 10-year-old children with congenital heart disease: association with behaviour

Background: Children with CHD are at increased risk for neurodevelopmental impairments. There is little information on long-term motor function and its association with behaviour. Aims: To assess motor function and behaviour in a cohort of 10-year-old children with CHD after cardiopulmonary bypass surgery. Methods: Motor performance and movement quality were examined in 129 children with CHD using the Zurich Neuromotor Assessment providing four timed and one qualitative component, and a total timed motor score was created based on the four timed components. The Beery Test of Visual–Motor Integration and the Strengths and Difficulties Questionnaire were administered. Results: All Zurich Neuromotor Assessment motor tasks were below normative values (all p ≤ 0.001), and the prevalence of poor motor performance (≤10th percentile) ranged from 22.2% to 61.3% in the different components. Visuomotor integration and motor coordination were poorer compared to norms (all p ≤ 0.001). 14% of all analysed children had motor therapy at the age of 10 years. Children with a total motor score ≤10th percentile showed more internalising (p = 0.002) and externalising (p = 0.028) behavioural problems. Conclusions: School-aged children with CHD show impairments in a variety of motor domains which are related to behavioural problems. Our findings emphasise that motor problems can persist into school-age and require detailed assessment and support.

Report of a case with partial trisomy 9 mosaicism

Trisomy 9 syndrome and other related abnormalities such as full or mosaic trisomy 9 are very rare human chromosomal disorders. The disorders cause early pregnancy loss or death within 20 days after the birth which is accompanied by complex birth defects. The case reported here is a 26-year-old female, identified with partial trisomy of chromosome 9 by Array comparative genomic hybridization -aCGH, but has a longer life than reported in the medical literature and can give birth. The patient did not have abnormal mental or motor problems; no morphological ultrasound abnormalities; curved thumb and scattered warts on the left hand; gave birth to a healthy son after three consecutive stillbirths. The report has shown diverse clinical manifestations of trisomy 9 mosaic abnormalities in humans, contributing to a rare data source of trisomy 9 mosaic cases. Since then, improve knowledge of genetic counseling for rare cases of trisomy 9 mosaicism, especially in genetic counseling of prenatal diagnosis.

Problems with Social Cognition and Decision-Making in Huntington’s Disease: Why Is it Important?

Huntington’s disease starts slowly and progresses over a 15–20 year period. Motor changes begin subtly, often going unnoticed by patients although they are typically visible to those close to them. At this point, it is the early non-motor problems of HD that arguably cause the most functional impairment. Approximately 65% of gene carriers will experience a reduction in their occupational level, and just under half will feel unable to manage their finances independently before a clinical diagnosis is made. Understanding what drives this impairment in activities of daily living is the key to helping people with HD to live more independently for longer, especially in early disease. Early cognitive decline is likely to play a contributory factor although few studies have looked directly at this relationship. Recently, it has been shown that along with the well documented dysexecutive syndrome seen in HD, changes in social cognition and decision-making are more common than previously thought. Furthermore, some of the early neuropathological and neurochemical changes seen in HD disrupt networks known to be involved in social functioning. In this review, we explore how HD changes the way individuals interact in a social world. Specifically, we summarise the literature on both classical and social decision-making (value-based decision-making in a social context) along with studies of theory of mind, empathy, alexithymia, and emotion recognition in HD. The literature specific to HD is discussed and supported by evidence from similar neurodegenerative disorders and healthy individuals to propose future directions and potential therapeutic avenues to be explored.

Birth month and infant gross motor development: Results from the Japan Environment and Children’s Study (JECS)

The association between birth month and neurodevelopmental or psychiatric disorders has been investigated in a number of previous studies; however, the results have been inconsistent. This study investigated the association between birth month and child gross motor development at 6 and 12 months of age in a large cohort of infants (n = 72,203) participating in the Japan Environment and Children’s Study (JECS). Gross motor development was assessed using the Ages and Stages Questionnaire (ASQ-3). At 6 months and 12 months, 20.7% and 14.2%, respectively, had ASQ-3 indications of gross motor problems. Birth month was strongly associated with gross motor development at both time points, particularly at 6 months. Summer-born infants had the worst outcomes at both 6 months and 12 months of age. This outcome applied to the ASQ-3 score itself and to the adjusted Relative Risk (aRR), with the highest aRRs (relative to January-born) among August-born (aRR 2.51; 95%CI 2.27–2.78 at 6 months), and June-born (aRR 1.84; 95%CI 1.63–2.09 at 12 months). Boys had better scores than girls both at 6 and 12 months of age. We speculate that seasonal factors—such as maternal vitamin D deficiency and influenza infection—affecting the fetus in early pregnancy might account for the findings.

Activist's table tennis activity as a programming object

The article considers the issue of improving the system of sports training of players in table tennis on the basis of the principle of programmed learning, which is implemented in the form of a comprehensive method of training process. Programmed training in sports training of table tennis players at the preparatory stage is optimized using a system of tools and methods built in the form of a structural-logical scheme is an important area of research. Methodological ways of building a system of sports training of table tennis players on the basis of the method of programmed learning are revealed, which made it possible to determine the principles of building target tasks, which are a certain block of physical exercises structured with a single goal setting. It was necessary to summarize the experience of modern methods of organization for the construction of programmed training in sports training of table tennis players by implementing the principles of complexity and coherence of training activities. At the present stage of development of game sports fundamental knowledge of the content of game, systems of preparation, various, flexible and highly automated skills and perfect activity of functional systems of an organism is especially necessary. Difficulties that turn out to be unpredictable by a program of tactical actions are usually related to informative influences. This is due to the probable nature of the game activity, which, first of all, concerns the information aspect. Despite a certain number of standard game actions, which were mentioned above, the actions of athletes who play sports are based on the response to changes in the situation, the conditions of wrestling. With such a variety of forms of manifestations of the player's actions are constantly associated with the solution of situational motor problems that require the use of programming mechanisms.