Supervisi Akademik Sebagai Upaya Meningkatkan Kompetensi Pedagogik Guru dalam Proses Pembelajaran di SMP Negeri 18 Mataram

The purpose of this study is to improve the pedagogic competence of teachers in the learning process in the classroom through the implementation of academic supervision. This research uses the school action research method which is carried out in two cycles, each cycle of which has four stages, namely planning, implementation, observation, and reflection. The subjects of this study were 8 teachers of SMPN 18 Mataram. This research instrument uses observation sheets and documentation. The data analysis technique used descriptive analysis. The results of this study are: 1) the results of principal observations and teacher observations during the mentoring process have obtained an average score of 4.0, 2) the results of the average value of teachers in the learning process reach 85% with an average score of 70 ,00 (good category). The results of the research in the first cycle of principal observations were average (3.80), teacher observations were averaged (3.00) and the results of academic supervision were on average score points (66.12). In cycle II, the average school supervisor's observations (4.40) with the percentage of achievement (100%), the teacher's observations on the average (4.25) with the percentage of achievement (100%) and the results of academic supervision in the target average value (84,92) with the percentage of achievement (100%). The conclusion obtained from the results of this study is that academic supervision can improve the pedagogic competence of teachers in the learning process in the classroom.

745Probability-proportional-to-size cluster sampling as an effective methodology for large-scale participant recruitment

Background We demonstrate the utility of Probability-Proportional-to-Size Cluster Sampling (PPS-CS) to select participants/sites for large scale surveys. Methods Post ethical and administrative clearance, PPS-CS was carried-out to estimate the prevalence of ‘sublexical dyslexia’, a reading impairment in children from III-VII grades in Udupi district of India. Schools were regarded as clusters. By performing PPS-CS, calculated sample size of 1812 children was systematically recruited. Sampling frame: List of all 1256 schools in Udupi district was retrieved. Kannada medium schools were shortlisted, which yielded 128 schools later classified individually as urban or rural. Results Strength of schools was retrieved and cumulative strength (cs) was derived. With an average school size of 105 for rural and 98 for urban cluster, 18 schools were required to meet the sample size. Owing to a ratio of 3.5:1 of rural-to-urban students, 14 rural and 4 urban schools were selected. Ratio of ‘cs’ to ‘number-of-schools-required’ gave a sampling interval (SI) of 758 for rural, and 662 for urban cluster. A random number (R) was selected between one and SI. First school picked was that with cs > =R. Second was that with cs > =SI+R. The third was with cs > =(SI+R at II school)+SI. Progressively, 18 schools were identified. Conclusions With disproportionate sizes of clusters, PPS-CS ensured that selected participants reflect population estimates accordingly. Prevalence of sublexical dyslexia in Udupi district was therefore accurately estimated using PPS-CS. Key messages Large-scale studies on healthcare or businesses may be effectively carried-out using PPS-CS!

School management

The average school-aged child spends well over a third of her time in school. A child’s experiences in the classroom, and in the playground, will affect her academic attainments, the development of her self-esteem, and her social skills. It is important that the teacher should create a proper learning environment for the child with ADHD in the classroom, as well as on the playground. This chapter discusses school management of ADHD, including selection of a school, and effective strategies for teaching children with ADHD. It includes teacher’s attitudes, the classroom, the playground, and the teacher’s role in monitoring the effects of medication.

The Effect of Immigration on Education

Does a higher share of immigrants affect the school performance of both immigrants and natives? Do desegregation policies improve efficiency? The existing evidence suggests that a higher share of immigrants has a negative (and often sizable) effect on the school performance of immigrants and a negative but probably small effect on the performance of natives. When average school performance is considered, this asymmetry generates concave peer effects, a key condition for the efficiency of desegregating policies. The broad message from the empirical literature is that these policies are not only equitable, in that they provide better opportunities to individuals with relatively low parental background, but also efficient.

Estimating the Impact of Expulsions, Suspensions, and Arrests on Average School Proficiency Rates in Ohio Using Fixed Effects

Student removal became an increasingly utilized form of discipline since the implementation of zero-tolerance policies during the early 1990s. Evaluative studies have consistently found negative relationships between student removal and academic success. Majority of cases regarding student removal are for minor and non-violent offenses and literature in this field suggests that teachers’ biases and cultural misreadings widen racial disparities in school discipline and academic performance. Our study estimates the effects of suspensions, school-related arrests, and expulsions under zero-tolerance by exploiting within-school variation in school mean proficiency rates of Asian, Hispanic, Black, and White racial subgroups over a 3-year period. Our findings reaffirm consistent evidence that exclusionary policies have negative effects on academic outcomes. We also find evidence of differential effects by racial subgroup. The paper concludes with a discussion and policy implications.

K-Means Algorithm For Clustering Poverty Data in Bangka Belitung Island Province

The Central Bureau of Statistics is a non-ministerial government institution that reports directly to the President. Based on data from The Central Bureau of Statistics in September 2019, the wealth rate in Indonesia was 9.22% and the number of indigent people in Indonesia reached 24.79 million. The poverty rate in the Bangka Belitung Islands Province was low compared to the national level. This is evidenced by 4.62% of people in Bangka Belitung Island Province were indigent people, which is lower than the national average of 9.22%. The data mining techniques using the K-Means Clustering method are used for this study. The research data was taken from the website of the BPS from 2014-2019 which consisted of 7 districts and/or cities with 3 variables. The variables used are the number of indigent people (in thousands), the average length of school education (years), and adjusted per capita expenditure (thousand rupiahs/year). All data is processed by Rapidminer and 3 clusters are carried out, namely: medium cluster level 0, high cluster level 1, and low cluster level 2. Cluster 0 contains districts/cities whose people have the longest average school time, high per capita expenditure, and a large number of indigent people. Cluster 1 contains districts/cities whose people have a short average school time, low per capita expenditure, a moderate number of indigent people. Cluster 2 contains districts/cities whose people have an average school time, moderate per capita expenditure, a small number of indigent people. Based on the result, the government can prioritize Kabupaten Bangka, Kabupaten Bangka Barat, Kabupaten Bangka Selatan in assisting, especially in the cost of education scholarships and social funds as well as other infrastructure improvements for the welfare of the inhabitants of Bangka Belitung Islands Province.

Emotional and motivational readiness of six-years-olds to start school – measurement with IDS Intelligence and Development Scales and subjective assessment of mothers

Currently, in research on school readiness of children, more and more attention is paid to the socio-emotional competences of children, as well as looking for factors positively correlating with high results obtained in standardized tests. The aim of the study was to determine the emotional and motivational level of school readiness of 6-year-old children based on objective measurement using the Intelligence and Development Scales (IDS) and subjective measurement in the assessment of children’s mothers, using the “Parental Readiness Assessment Questionnaire”, based on IDS in terms of content, as well as determining the mutual relationship of results and the significance of controlled variables. 56 mothers and their children (aged 6;2–6;11 years old) were examined. Objective measurement showed average school readiness of children, subjective measurement – high. Correlations between them was on the verge of low, there was little correlation between the subscales of persistence and satisfaction with children’s achievements. For selected results, the parents’ education and age of children were significant.

Resiliency as a Mediator in the Relationship Between Aggressiveness and School Achievement – Differences Related to Gender and Levels of Physical Activity

BackgroundTaking part in physical activity has a major positive influence on the development of adolescents. Research shows that physical activity has an impact on cognitive and behavioral functioning. Aggressiveness is a factor negatively correlated with school achievement and resiliency is a protective factor for coping with stressful situations. The purpose of this study is to analyze the mediation effect of resiliency as a dispositional protective factor in the relationship between aggressiveness and school achievement in the context of gender and levels of physical activity. MethodsThe research was carried out on N = 787 adolescents (Mage = 15.95; SD = .29) from the Pomeranian region in Poland. The participants were divided into three subgroups: 1) a non-active group, n = 130 (90 girls); 2) a Physical Education (PE) group, n = 490 (303 girls); and 3) an athlete group, n = 130 (65 girls). The following research tools were used in the study: a socio-demographic survey; a questionnaire about average grades at the end of the school year; the Adolescent Aggressiveness Questionnaire – Emotional Reactivity; and the Resiliency Assessment Scale for Children and Adolescents to evaluate resiliency levels. ResultsAnalyzing the average school grades, resiliency, as well as levels of aggressiveness and its components revealed statistically significant differences in terms of gender and physical activity. Furthermore, the effects of general aggressiveness level and all its components on average school grade, mediated by resiliency, proved insignificant for boys in all three research groups and for girls in the athlete group. However, the analysis showed a mediation effect of resiliency in relation to emotional irritability and average school grade in the group of non-active girls. The mediation analysis revealed significant mediation effects for emotional irritability, opposition, and verbal aggression, as well as for general aggressiveness levels in the group of PE girls. ConclusionsResiliency is a protective factor in the relation between aggressiveness and school achievement, especially in the female PE group. The mechanisms governing boys’ functioning seem different and require further research. Compulsory physical education classes may help build resources that facilitate learning.

Pemodelan Regresi Nonparametrik Spline Linear Persentase Penduduk Miskin di Kalimantan

Poverty is a social problem faced in almost every country. Based on BPS data published in 2018, East Kalimantan Province has a population of poor people of 222.39 thousand people or around 6.06 percent. In March 2018, the number of poor people was 218.90 thousand people or about 6.03 percent, which means the number of poor people had increased by an absolute 3.49 thousand people, this caused the percentage of poor people to rise 0.03 percent. In this study identified factors that influence the percentage of poor population using a linear spline nonparametric regression model. The data used in this study are data from the Central Statistics Agency (BPS) in 5 provinces in Kalimantan. In the nonparametric linear spline regression method using the optimal knot point based on the smallest GCV value. The results obtained an R2 value of 74.48% which shows that the model formed is feasible to be used to model the data pattern and there are 5 variables that have a significant effect on the Percentage of Poor Population, namely Population Growth Rate, School Length Average, School Old School Expectancy Rate, Level Open Unemployment, Labor Force Participation Rate.

ANALYSIS OF DETERMINANTS OF UNEMPLOYMENT RATE IN INDONESIA

Solving the unemployment issue is one of the best ways to reduce poverty. Through the provision of job opportunities, the poverty rate can be reduced. Therefore, this research explores the factors that influence the unemployment rate across 34 provinces over the 2015-2018 period using the panel regression technique. The variable used consisting of economic growth, the percentage of people with IT competence, and the average school duration. This study indicates that the unemployment rate can be reduced by increasing the average school duration. Meanwhile, the level of economic growth and the proportion of people with IT competence have an insignificant influence on Indonesia's unemployment rate. Based on these findings, the government needs to ensure that every resident in its territory can receive an adequate education.