The Investigation According to Some Variables of COVID-19 Fear Levels of High School Students in the Pandemic Process

The aim of this study was to examine the COVID-19 fear of high school students in the COVID-19 pandemic proccess, based on a few characteristics. Within the scope of this aim, the study’s research group; in the 2020-2021 academic year, a total of 760 students, 382 girls and 378 boys, were identified using a sample technique that can be readily located among high school students who continue their studies in Krşehir province. In the research, for determining the COVID-19 fear levels of students, Ahorsu et al. (2020), and Bakioğlu et al. (2020) “COVID-19 Fear Scale” adapted into Turkish was used. Kolmogorov-Smirnowa values showed that the data were normally distributed. Frequency and percentage analyzes were applied in descriptive statistics, T test was used in the analysis of binary groups, and One way Anova was used in the analysis of three or more groups. As a result of these analyzes, it was determined that the high school students participating in the study had a moderate (x̄ = 15.7) fear of COVID-19. It was determined that the COVID-19 fear levels of high school students the pandemic process, according to the gender variable, the COVID-19 fears of female students (x̄ = 17.26) were significantly higher than male students (x̄ = 14.21). Yet, it was determined that the variables of age, class, being in the school team, doing licensed sports, type of sports, duration of doing sports and getting COVID-19 disease did not have a significant effect on high school students’ fear of COVID-19. As a conclusion, it was shown that fear of COVID-19 in high school students created substantial disparities in favor of girls only on the basis of gender. Other characteristics revealed in the study had no significant effect on high school students’ COVID-19 fear levels.

The traits of the behavior of sled dogs depending on their origin

A dog is a unique animal, capable of complex relationships not only with its relatives, but also with a man. Impulsivity is a behavioral trait described as the inability to postpone behavior in the presence of significant signals. The purpose of the work was to study the traits of the behavior of sled dogs depending on their origin. The studies have been carried out on dogs of the breeds of Siberian and Alaskan husky. The animals have been divided into groups: the 1st group Siberian husky (show type); the 2nd group – Siberian husky (sports type); the 3rd group – Alaskan husky. It has been found that Siberian husky of the show type and the Siberian husky of the sports type were indifferent to the shot (4,6 points). Alaskan husky dogs received a significantly lower score of 3,5 points (P > 0,95). According to the degree of excitability, the ratio of animal ratings in the studied groups was distributed as follows; the dogs of the 3rd group had the high degree of excitability, which received 2,8±0,09 points out of 3 possible points. Significantly lower scores of 2,0 and 2,2 were awarded to individuals of the 1st and 2nd groups (Siberian husky of show and sports types) with the significant difference of P > 0,999 and P > 0,95, respectively, in relation to animals of the 3rd group (Alaskan husky). For the 1st and 2nd groups of dogs, the average degree of excitability was more characteristic. While in the 3rd group there were no dogs with the low degree of excitability. The dogs of Siberian husky show-type did not show fear and fright towards a man. In the dogs of Siberian husky show type, the passive-defensive reaction was not expressed.

Profiling Combat Sports Athletes: Competitive History and Outcomes According to Sports Type and Current Level of Competition

Background This study aimed to investigate the competitive history (the age when training and competing started), training habits and patterns of winning and losing of competitive combat sports athletes across different combat sports as well as the level of competition (e.g. amateurs, state-level and elite). Methods Competitors (N = 298) from mixed martial arts (MMA), Muay Thai/kickboxing, boxing, Brazilian jiu-jitsu (BJJ), wrestling, judo and traditional striking sports (TSS) completed an online questionnaire. Results Most athletes began competing in their mid-teenage years and competing soon after except for wrestlers who began earlier. Elite athletes began training earlier than amateurs (13.75 ± 7.75 years and 16.2 ± 7.45 years, p<0.01, respectively). Training habits were similar across sports (~4 combat and ~3 non-combat training sessions per week), except for MMA and wrestling which did more combat sports-specific training than Judo and TSS. Wrestlers did more non-combat sports-specific training than all other sports. Elite athletes completed more combat sessions per week than their lower-level contemporaries (4.64 ± 2.49 and 3.9 ± 1.44, p=0.01, respectively). Patterns of winning or losing were consistent across sports, except for amateur athletes who were more likely to report all their victories by points and none of their victories by submission or pin. Additionally, elite athletes are less likely to report none of their victories coming by knockout. Conclusions Results may indicate that finishing ability is a key distinguisher of competitive level. The present study provides normative data for training and competing habits for athletes, support staff and regulators to use.

ANALISA RENCANA INVESTASI PADA PENGEMBANGAN LINTASAN PRODUKSI NEW MODEL CRANK CASE TIPE SPORT DI PT XYZ

XYZ Company is currently planning the production machining line for crank case new model sports type of 2200 units / day. There are two alternative investment plan that is manual and automation to get the best alternative in terms of finance .Analysis tool used is the Net Present Value (NPV), Internal Rate of Return (IRR) and Payback Period (PBP) as the basis for determining which alternative is chosen. Sensitivity analysis is used to determine which is the most sensitive variable to the NPV .Both alternatives feasible to be realized, but the automation system was chosen because of the analysis results is greater than the value of the manual system with an IRR of 57.52% (IRR > MARR), which MARR 7.88% and a NPV of USD 299 002 634 271 (NPV > 0), and payback of 1 years for 0,27 month, which is faster than the economic life of the machine that 8 years. Total interest rate is the most sensitive factor in changing the NPV

Relationship between Alcohol Consumption and Drinking Refusal Self-Efficacy among University Students: The Roles of Sports Type and Gender

The present study examines the relationship between drinking behaviour and drinking refusal self-efficacy among university students, with a focus on the influential roles of sports type and gender. A total of 354 students from Seoul National University of Science and Technology volunteered and participated in this study. The Korean Alcohol Use Disorders Identification Test (AUDIT-K), the Korean Drinking Refusal Self-Efficacy (DRSE) Questionnaire-Revised, and a questionnaire measuring participation in sports activities were administered to measure students’ alcohol drinking behaviours, refusal self-efficacy and sport-related activities, respectively. The data were analysed using descriptive statistics, two-way ANOVAs, correlation analysis, and regression analysis. The subdomains of DRSE had significant influences on binge drinking. Specifically, low DRSE in situations involving social pressure played a key role in predicting increased binge drinking. There was also a significant relationship between sports type and drinking behaviour, but only for male students. Those who participated in individual sports binge drank less than those who participated in team sports. Finally, gender differences were also revealed in drinking behaviour. Male students were more likely to binge drink compared to their female counterparts. This study offers a foundation for practical interventions to help control problematic drinking behaviour among university students.

Left atrial enlargement and its association with left atrial strain in university athletes participated in 2015 Gwangju Summer Universiade

Aims Intensive and repetitive athletic training may result in cardiac geometric changes, but the determinants of left atrial (LA) enlargement (LAE) has been poorly studied. We investigated incidence and determinants of LAE and its association with LA strains in highly trained university athletes. Methods and results A total of 1073 athletes (451 females, 22.4 ± 2.4 years old) who were able to measure LA size, volume, and strains during 2015 Gwangju Summer Universiade were enrolled. LAE was defined as the increased LA volume index &gt; 42 mL/m2. LA strains, reservoir, conduit, and contractile were measured by 2D speckle tracking method, and LA reservoir strain &lt; 27.6% was considered as abnormal. LAE was developed in 205 athletes (19.1%). In univariate analysis, male [odds ratio (OR) = 1.679], Caucasian (OR = 1.746), non-African descent (OR = 1.804), body muscle mass (OR = 1.056), body fat mass (OR = 0.962), systolic blood pressure (OR = 1.012), heart rate (OR = 0.980), sports type with cardiovascular (CV) demand (OR = 1.474), training time (OR = 1.011), left ventricular (LV) global longitudinal strain (LVGLS, OR = 0.906), and LV stroke volume (LVSV, OR = 1.044) were significantly associated with LAE. In multivariate logistic regression analysis, heart rate (OR = 0.961) and sports type with CV demand (OR = 1.299), LVGLS (OR = 0.865) and LVSV (OR = 1.013) were independent determinants of LAE. Abnormal LA reservoir strain was noted in 56 athletes (5.2%), and the incidence of abnormal value was not different between two groups; 42 athletes (4.8%) in LAE vs. 14 (6.8%) in no LAE group (P = 0.293). Conclusion LAE was common in university athletes (19.1%) and associated with heart rate, sports type with CV demand, LVGLS, and LVSV. Although LAE was significantly associated with the lower LA reservoir strain, the incidence of abnormal value was very low (5.2%) and indifferent between LAE and no LAE group.

Application of Titanium and its Alloys for Automobile Parts

Titanium and its alloys have been applied to motorcycles and automobiles in order to reduce the weight of their component parts. In recent years, titanium exhaust systems, engine valves and connecting rods have been widely applied mainly to sports type or large motorcycles. In addition to Ti-6Al-4V, Ti-Al-Fe alloys which utilize Fe as an inexpensive and a common alloying element are used for engine valves and connecting rods. In exhaust systems, such as mufflers, at first, Gr.2 commercially pure titanium sheets have been mainly used because of their high cold formability. Furthermore, several titanium alloys to which Cu, Al, Si and Nb are added have been actively developed in order to improve strength, creep properties, oxidation resistance and so on at elevated temperatures, as service temperature becomes higher. Also, due to the development of processing technologies, the same methods and processes that are used for manufacturing steel parts have been applied to titanium ones, and the application of titanium has recently been expanded to fracture-split connecting rods and fuel tanks. Newly, titanium foil has been adopted as a separator of PEFC used in fuel cell vehicles from the viewpoints of excellent corrosion resistance and cold formability. As mentioned above, in this presentation, the technical contents of titanium products and parts developed for motorcycles and automobiles are reviewed.

Challenging the Gender Dichotomy: Examining Olympic Channel Content Through a Gendered Lens

This study content analyzed 1,013 thumbnails of news episodes at the Olympic Channel through the lens of gender. By examining the percentage of pictures rendered to male and female athletes, themes, sports type, sexualization, subordination, and action level, this study uncovered that although some sex differences existed, the Olympic Channel—overall—showcased a high level of gender equality in visualizing male and female athletes in news thumbnails, especially considering that the pictures analyzed were collected from daily-based media coverage. This study is one of the first to explore gender differences in a media platform established by the International Olympic Committee, with implications outlined.

Monitoring the dustiness of the gymnasium

This article presents an experimental study of the concentration of fine dust in a covered sports facility using the example of a sports gym using a HANDHELD-3016 aerosol particle counter. The monitoring data of indoor air was analyzed and graphically presented in graphs of the integral function of the distribution of dust particles over the diameters. The concentration of fine dust at different time intervals during the training of the sports section was compared. The dependence of the distribution of dust particles over the measurement heights on the intensity of the workout was studied. Recommendations on improving air quality in a sports-type room during classes were provided. Changes in the indicators of external respiration during the training session was analysed.