Productivity and quality of fiber’s varieties and selection numbers of flax in the Urals of the nonblack earth zone of Russia

In the Ural of the nonblack earth zone of Russia, fiber flax variety Diane from France and selection number ER-138 from Russia stood out in fiber yield. One of the parameters for obtaining a homogeneous fiber of fiber flax is the technical length of the stem - not less than 60 cm, the thickness of the stem - not less than 500 units. The selection number K4196 × 1288/12 and the variety TOST 4 from Russia, which were characterized by a high technical length (61.2 - 61.8 cm) and dryness (472 - 509 units) of the stem in all the years of study in relation to the standard grade. The indicated breeding numbers and varieties, distinguished by yield, technical length and stem thickness, can serve as a starting material in the breeding process. Keywords: FIBER FLAX, VARIETY, BREEDING NUMBER, YIELD, FIBER, TECHNICAL LENGTH, MYKLOST

Removal of arsenic from polluted water through adsorption onto selected soil

An arsenic contamination survey was conducted in Lake Datunhai which is contaminated by arsenic in Southwest China. The arsenic-contaminated=soil was selected and the arsenic adsorption on the soil solid in the polluted water was studied through field investigation and laboratory experiments. The results showed that the red soil in survey area contains a relatively large amount of arsenic in a range of 36.41–153.52 mg/kg, which is higher than the National Soil Environmental Quality Standard Grade III. The arsenic pollution in the surveyed lake was relatively serious, as the amount of arsenic contained in the water of lake Datunhai was between 0.23 and 0.663 mg/L. The amount of arsenic in the sediment was between 273 and 755 mg/kg. The results of laboratory adsorption experiments with different soils showed that when the ratio of soil and water was 3.5/1000, the amount of arsenic in the water sample taken from the lake reduces from 0.3 mg/L to 0.03 mg/L, which would satisfy the Water Quality Standard Grade III (below 0.05 mg/L). The selected red soil was relatively effective for arsenic absorption. Based on theoretical calculations, the thickness of sediment will increase by about 0.95 cm by applying fixed arsenic solid on arsenic polluted water treatment. HIGHLIGHT A arsenic contamination survey was conducted in Lake Datunhai which is contaminated by arsenic in Southwest China. The arsenic-contaminated soil was selected and the arsenic adsorption on the soil solid in the polluted water was studied through field investigation and laboratory experiments.

High efficiency preparation of standard grade γ-tocopherol in plant-scale and its antioxidant activity

Natural standard grade γ-tocopherol are of great interest due to its good antioxidant activity and special pharmacological functions. This study separated and purified γ-tocopherol from mixed tocopherols using eco-friendly and low toxicity solvents. 0.28 g γ-tocopherol was obtained per performance with a purity of 98.89 ± 0.68% and a recovery yield of 93.23 ± 0.89%. The purification conditions were as follows: elution solvent n-hexane/ethyl acetate 94.5:5.5 (v/v), sample load size 0.5 g, a column height to diameter ratio of 16:1 and an elution rate of 2 mL/min. The purity and structure of γ-tocopherol was confirmed by HPLC, GC/MS and NMR. The adsorption isotherm of γ-tocopherol on silica gel (200-300 mesh) fitted the Langmuir isotherm model well. The antioxidant activity analysis showed that γ-tocopherol had the strongest antioxidant activity followed by δ-tocopherol and α-tocopherol. This study provides an economically attractive solution for the production of natural standard grade γ-tocopherol.

A concise study on the expression of GFP protein in E. coli strain DH5α

The GFP protein is a protein of high interest for molecular biologists and biotechnologists. Since 1994, this protein has proved to be an indispensable tool for molecular biology and biotechnology research work. This protein requires only oxygen and an energy source like glucose to work. It gives a green colour in presence of UV to blue light. This protein can be attached with the foreign gene to track its expression. The main aim of the task is to introduce GFP into the given bacterial culture. Induction of the protein gene is followed by Bradford assay; quantification of protein is done using this. The results of gene induction are checked via SDSPAGE and western blot. All preparations are of standard grade and all readings are taken in triplicates. A standard graph is also made to find out the protein in the unknown.

Effects of Preheating and Dual Shielding on Flux-Cored Arc Welded High-Strength Carbon Steel for Hardfacing Application

This work presented the hardfacing process of high-strength structural steel based on JIS G3106 standard grade SM490YA by semi-automatic flux-cored arc welding with a dual shielding process of flux-cored self-shielded and protective gas-shielded (FCAW-G). In the welding process, the surface of SM490YA specimen was hardfacing welded by metal cored wire based on chromium carbide which was in standard of 8555: E10-MF-65-G. The hardfacing welds from FCAW-G and traditional self-shielding FCAW (FCAW-S) with and without preheat were inspected by visual and penetrant tests for evaluating the welding quality. The macrostructure of the deposited layer was investigated by optical microscope and image analysis for analyzing the weld penetration and weld dilution. In addition, the hardness of the hardfacing welded specimens was tested for the evaluation of the surface durability of the welded SM490YA.

STUDY OF SOURCE MATERIAL FOR EDAPHIC SELECTION OF ALFALFA

The study of collectible samples of alfalfa of different ecological and geographical origin on the harvest of dry matter and seeds against the background of increased acidity of soil solution (pH 5.20-5.53) made it possible to highlight the promising beyond these indicators samples that can be used in further breeding work. Comparison of the height of alfalfa plants in the first slope and feed productivity in general for 2019 shows that there is no direct correlation between these values. For example, the Galaxie variety, which was itself visopory and exceeded the standard by 12cm, was only in fourth place for the dry crop, and the Olga and Media varieties, which exceeded the standard by 9cm, were only eighth and seventh in the dry material. However, for the selection of varieties that combine these two traits, donors may be samples that behind the harvest of dry matter and the height of plants for three years of research reliably exceeded the standard: Banat, Vavilovka (Rodnichok), Feraks 58, Galaxie and Ferax 28. Not all samples form the maximum of green mass in the first slope, so there is no definite pattern between the height of plants in the first slope and the collection of dry matter for the entire growing season. The highest yield of dry matter on average for three years of research was obtained from varieties Vavilovka (Rodnichok) (Ukraine) (1.42 kg/m2), Banat (Serbia) (1.36 kg/m2) and Posevnaya 3022 (Uzbekistan) (1.22 kg/m2) at the harvest of the Sinyuha-standard grade 1.08 kg/m2. The best in seed productivity were samples of Jidrune (Lithuania) (31.9 g/m2), Feraks 58 (Canada) (29.9 g/m2), Tibet (Kazakhstan) (28.5 g/m2), Radoslawa (Ukraine) (28.2 g/m2), Kishvardi 27 (Hung.) (27.7 g/m2), Olga (26.5 g/m2) and Vavilovka (Rodnichok) (Ukraine) (26.2 g/m2) with a yield of standart of 23.5 g/m2. Particular attention is paid to the variety Ferax 58 (Canada), which for all the years of research reliably exceeded the standard for seed harvest and was at the level of the standard or exceeded it in the yield of dry matter. Further breeding work will use samples that reliably exceeded the standard for the average of three years of research for the collection of dry matter and the seed crop respectively: Ferax 58 (10% and 27%), Radoslawa (7% and 20%), Olga (11% and 13%), In addition, these samples exceeded the standard for plant sisoin in the first slope in 2019 by 31%, 11%, 8% and 55%, respectively. Key words: alfalfa sowing, selection, sample, variety, dry matter crop, seed harvest.

Improving the range of industrial plantings of grapes due to introduced clones

Studies have shown that the clone of the Chardonnay R-10 against the background of the standard variety is characterized by higher agrobiological indicators: fruit bearing coefficient, average cluster weight, the yield from the bush exceeds the control by 1.3 times. The shoot productivity in the wet mass of the bunch in the clone of the Chardonnay R10 variety is characterized as “high”. The clone of the Sauvignon green R-3 variety showed high shoot fertility, the average mass of the bunch in the clone reaches 165.3 ± 2.2 g, exceeding the control 1.15 times, the yield from the bush reaches 4.02 ± 0.1 kg, exceeding the standard grade by 1 kg. The shoot productivity in the wet mass of the bunch is characterized as “high”. The average weight of a bunch in a clone of Muscat white R-3 variety reaches 275.3 ± 2.03 g, which is 95 grams more than the control (180.0 ± 3.2 g). The yield from the bush is 4.49 ± 0.2 kg, exceeding the standard variety by 1.7 times. The productivity of the shoot is characterized as “very high.” The degree of variation of characters in clone populations of the Chardonnay varieties R-10 (V = 2.4-9.8%), Sauvignon green R-3 (V = 1.88.7%), White Muscat R-3 (V = 1.2–9.3%) are characterized as weak, which indicates the genetic homogeneity of the studied clone populations under specific growing conditions. Technological evaluation showed that wine materials produced from introduced Chardonnay R-10 clones, Sauvignon green R-3 and White Muscat R-3 excel in quality indicators wine materials produced from standard varieties.

An investigation into the structural suitability of standard grade Expanded Polystyrene (EPS) as an innovative building material

Rapid urbanization has brought numerous economic, cultural and political development in South Africa; however, it has also led to some parts of the country turning into slums. The spread of slums is mainly driven by the lack of adequate housing provision by the Government. Although it has been twenty-five years since South Africa had its first democratic elections, millions of citizens still continue to live under squalid conditions as a result of lack of housing. The South African government cites numerous reasons for not being able to eradicate the housing backlog, including insufficient housing budget allocation as well as the worsening global economic climate. It is evident from the current housing backlogs that more building solutions that can reduce cost and construction time are needed. Further, new building materials should be explored in order to alleviate the environmental pressures that conventional building materials cause on the environment. This research investigates the properties of standard grade Expanded Polystyrene (EPS) as a potential contributor in low-cost housing provision. Currently the construction of EPS dome houses using modified EPS is only occurring outside of South Africa and it requires the possession of intricate moulding equipment. Existing suppliers require a minimum order, for instance, Japan Dome House Company supplies dome houses at a minimum order of three-hundred units. This research examines the potential of carving standard grade EPS into a form of dwelling using a hot-wire tool to re-create a model similar to a commercially produced EPS dome house. EPS components were assembled and left exposed to the elements since the main method of analyses of the live model was through exposure, particularly against rain and wind experienced within the jurisdiction of Pietermaritzburg, South Africa. Analyses of the live model was supplemented by testing of compression, flexural and thermal qualities of EPS under laboratory conditions. With wind speeds of thirty-nine km/hr and a rainfall intensity of twenty-eight mm, the model was found to still be in its original state of composure after six-months even without having been permanently anchored to the ground. Existing industry models such as Moladi, Khaya ReadyKit and Fischer Housing were examined to provide a standard of comparison for this investigation. This was done in order to distinguish how EPS dome houses differ to current existing alternative building technologies within the sector of low-cost housing. Observation of the model revealed that it is possible to successfully re-create an EPS dome house without complex moulding equipment. Some of the main findings from the laboratory analysis were that, contrary to expectations, thermo-gravimetric analyses of three different densities (fifteen kg/m3, twenty kg/m3 and thirty kg/m3) revealed that as the density of EPS increases, the maximum degradation value decreases. A study of the interaction of the polystyrene beads through microscopic analysis revealed that in higher EPS densities beads can rupture, leading to a compromise in both structural integrity and form. A water absorption test on EPS revealed that the percentage of water absorbed by EPS is similar to that absorbed by clay bricks over a 24-hour period, which makes the materials comparable in this regard. In terms of the outcomes of the study, the researcher has already published articles in three journals and two conference proceedings. This research will be of value to design professionals in alleviating the environmental impacts of commonly used conventional materials through the inclusion of EPS where low compressive loads are permissible.