Hardiness of Young People and Pre-Retirement Age People Living in the Republic of Tuva

The article presents the results of the comparative analysis of hardiness of young people between the ages of 18 and 35, and pre-retirement people with the help of Maddi’s Hardiness Test modified by D. Leontyev. Student’s t-test has been used to verify credibility of differences between two independent samplings. Mathematical and statistical analysis used to compare the results of young and pre-retirement age people’s survey has shown that people approaching retirement age are more resilient then young people and people before the age of 35. Young people have proved to show risk-taking behavior more, while persons nearing retirement age are more involved into and have a sense of control of their own life as opposed to young people. According to all the parameters studied these two groups showed significant differences.

Satisfaction with a Body Image as a Component of Subjective Well-Being of a Person

The article is concerned with the study of satisfaction with a body image as a component of subjective well-being of a person, and the analysis of interconnection of these phenomena. The sampling included 560 people aged from 16 to 42. The study used “the Scale of Satisfaction with Living Standards”, “the Scale of a Positive Affect and a Negative Affect”, “the Scale of Subjective Happiness”, “the Scale of Satisfaction with One’s Own Body”, and “the Body Image Inventory”. The study has revealed that satisfaction with one’s own body and its parts has a positive impact on the level of subjective well-being of men and women; satisfaction with body parts influences dissatisfaction with one’s own body on the whole with varied degree in both groups. There are differences in the connection of individual characteristics with satisfaction with one’s own body and the elements of subjective well-being of men and women.

Psychological Security of Psychology Students in the University Educational Environment in the Context of Distance Learning

The article presents the findings of the comparative study of the indices of psychological security of educational environment in the context of face-to-face and distance learning formats. The study has revealed the decrease in the level of resistance to psychological violence from teachers, and that of satisfaction with significant attributes of education environment during a distance learning period. It has been proved that psychology students demonstrate weakening of the learning activity significance and lack of face-to-face trustful communication with a teacher. Most differences have been revealed on the behavior component of the attitude towards university education environment: a positive attitude lessened, while a neutral one rose. The indices of the attitude towards education environment on the cognitive component were also high: a neutral level increased

Discrimination of Three Kinds of Visual Stimuli by Slow-Worm Lizards (Anguis fragilis)

Visual abilities to discriminate between spatial and color stimuli was studied, which is ecologically significant for reptiles. Namely: the behavior of slow-warm lizards in a Tshaped maze was investigated in visual discrimination between red and green color tones and sizes of geometric figures of a round shape. The main behavioral characteristics of decisionmaking were analyzed when choosing between possible options: a percentage of erroneous choices, time of choice and a number of lizards’ turns towards alternative ways in the maze, leading to comparable stimuli, before choosing one of them. In case of color discrimination, all the three named behavior characteristics were minimal, while in case of the figures sizes discrimination these values were higher. Thus, discrimination of red and green colors was more successful and less difficult than discrimination of round-shaped geometric figures sizes in the lizards.

A Nonspecific Approach to Metacognitive Experiences: The Experimental Study of Control Sense and Confidence in Giving a Correct Answer

There are specific and nonspecific approaches to explaining diversity of metacognitive experiences in psychological testing. The study is concerned with verification of the effects of a nonspecific approach, according to which there is a nonspecific signal about the success of task performance behind metacognitive experiences. Unidirectional changes in experiencing confidence and control sense were expected to be revealed. The findings showed that correct answers were given with more confidence than wrong ones, confident correct answers were given faster than unconfident correct ones, straightforward cases were handled with a high level of confidence and more sense of control if long time was given to think them over. The study failed in demonstrating unidirectional character of control sense and confidence in other conditions, which can be explained by insufficient sensitivity of the technique chosen to measure control sense.

Positive Transformations of the Parameters of Self-Adjustment of Students with Different Level of Internality through Mindset Training

The paper considers possibilities of the development of student’s self-adjustment parameters with reference to specificity of manifestation of subjective locus of control. The author has assumed that a mix of instruments of psychological training has a specific impact on the parameters of students’ self-adjustment depending on the level of personal control. The developmental process induced by psychological training instruments leads to positive transformations of the parameters of students’ self- adjustment. Notably, externalizers show the processes to develop at an accelerated pace, they deliberately strive to take responsibility in making decisions, the level of their mental flexibility increases, the overall level of self-adjustment changes positively. Internalizers demonstrate a less expressed dynamics, at the same time there are significant changes in the parameters of “modeling” and “results assessment”.

Personality Self-Change Potential in the Context of Professional Identity of High School Students

Career guidance counseling requires psychological assessment of psychological readiness for professional identity to be optimized. “Self-Change Potential” questionnaire testing on a sample of high school students has shown that it has reliable psychometric characteristics. It has been empirically proved that senior high students with high self-change potential reveal a more pronounced psychological readiness for professional identity. The study showed certain differences among the groups of senior high students with different level of self-change potential on the following indicators: a level of subjective control and awareness of professions available. The questionnaire can be helpful in integral assessment of the level of students’ readiness for professional identity.

Influence of a Psycho-Cult on Personality: Theoretical Aspect (the Case of Psycho-Cult “Vedic Feminity”)

The article considers a number of aspects concerned with the influence of psychocults on the personality of its adherers basing on the literature theoretical analysis on the case of the psycho-cult “Vedic feminity”. The authors have identified certain sect attributes peculiar to the psycho-cult “Vedic feminist”: focus on personal contact in the recruitment process; the commitment to turn the member into a successful person; a mentor personality cult; deprivation of conviction in one’s own beliefs and reassessment of the passed life; creating dependence on the organization and turning the member into an obedient doer. The authors examined the process of taking control over a personality and consciousness on the BITE Model, which includes the control over behavior, information, thinking, and emotions. The findings have revealed that affiliation with a psycho-cult changes self-esteem and self-acceptance of female members, leads to domination of the external motivation system over the internal one, violates the ability to asses one’s own competence.

Developing Writing Self-Check of Primary School Children in Inclusive Education Context

Relevance of this work is due to necessity to study the level of writing self-check of primary school children with delayed speech development compared to their peers with normal speech development to identify efficient psychological and pedagogical working methods of its development in the context of inclusive education. The article presents the results of the study of writing self-check of 2nd grade students in inclusive classrooms of a general school studying according to both a general education curriculum and an adapted basic general education curriculum for students with severe speech disorders for option 5.1. The findings have revealed that not only children with speech disorders have poorly developed writing self-check but some children having no speech pathology haven’t shown sufficient level of its formedness as well. Strategies to develop writing self-check in inclusive education context have been proposed.

To the Question of Psychological Resources in the Context of Professional Growth of Health Workers

Based on the theoretical analysis the authors have come to the conclusion that professional growth of health workers in strenuous conditions when performing work activities is related with the degree of psychological resources of health. Proactiveness and basic personal capabilities (self-transcendence and self-distancing) being primary components of selfdetermination and key resources of personality health characterize maturity of its agency. The way a subject actualizes personal psychological resources in stress inducing conditions at work has an impact not only on his or her health status, but also the degree of professional growth. The empirical evidence has shown that health workers who scored high on personality resources rank meaningfulness of their life, subjective well-being, and job satisfaction very high. Health works focused on professional growth demonstrated a higher rate of psychological health resources and willingness to incorporate them into their daily living activities. The assessment of the degree of these resources allows getting a complete idea of professional personality growth and prognosticate its further development.