IMPROVING INFORMATION SYSTEM OF MOTOR TRANSPORT ENTERPRISE

Information system of motor transport enterprise is one of the most important components of its activity. The perfection of this system strongly affects the efficiency of the enterprise. The purpose of the article is to develop proposals for improving the existing information system taking into account the characteristics of the enterprise. To achieve the objectives of the article, the following methods were used: information on approaches to defining the concept of information system was analyzed and synthesized, the existing approaches to the design of information systems were sassessed. Using a logical approach, the components of the information-logical model of the “Travel Letter” database were identified. The study also widely used the methods of comparative analysis, graphical method and the method of operagrams to study the document flow of the enterprise. In the article the information system of the motor transport enterprise which, unlike existing ones, takes into account current condition of the information flows, which provide effective management of the enterprise and optimizes the routes of document movement was further developed. The proposed improvements will allow MTE to achieve their goals more systematically, increase the speed of information flows, ensure their quality and efficiency. The obtained results, which include the development of an improved information system of the enterprise, allow to carry out further research on the document flow of all divisions and services of MTE and to develop their improved information systems on the basis of research results.

THE ROLE OF ROAD FREIGHT TRANSPORT IN EU STRATEGIC PRIORITIES: CHALLENGES FOR UKRAINE

Priorities for a competitive and efficient EU transport system have been declared in the third White Paper published in 2011. The strategic priorities of European transport policy are integrated to other EU development priorities, including the European Green Deal, Territorial Agenda 2030. In December 2020 The European Commission presented “Sustainable and Smart Mobility Strategy – putting European transport on track for the future”. This document has outlined the European transport system’s path towards achieving objectives of a sustainable, smart and resilient mobility. The priorities of the European transport system focus on environmental issues, sustainability, development of high-speed railways, expansion of rail freight and passenger transport markets, development of multimodal transportation, technologies for a further electrification and automation in transport, digitalization, deployment of innovations. Road freight transport accounted for more than two thirds of freight traffic in 2019. For the EU member states bordered to Ukraine (Poland, Slovakia, Hungary, Romania), the share of road freight transport has been growing since 2011. These countries are mostly involved in the international road freight transportation. The average distance for which goods were carried by international road freight transport in EU was 581 km in 2018. For Poland, Hungary, Slovakia and Romania the average distance varied from 603 to 786 km. The countries that have joined the EU since 2004 accounted for 80 % of all cross-trade in the EU, which emphasized on the relative competitiveness of hauliers from these countries. Transport companies from Poland are the most active in freight transport between EU countries, in particular in cabotage. In 2020, the European Parliament adopted the Mobility Package I. However, some Members of EU countries, including Poland and Romania claimed against some statements of the Package, including the driver returns home and rules on cabotage operation.

STUDYING ACTIVITIES OF COMPETITORS OF MOTOR TRANSPORT ENTERPRISE

This article discusses the study of competitors’ activity and presents some of the results of our research in this area. The main purpose of the study is to determine the positions, establish the strengths and weaknesses of their activities, assess their own ability to develop on this basis, the strategy and tactics of competitive behavior of the enterprise in the market. Based on the study of literature sources, the shortcomings of the existing model of analyzing competitors are identified, the proposals for its improvement are given. It is proposed to study the activities of competitors in the following sequence: identifying priority competitors, collecting data on their activities, identifying strengths and weaknesses, determining the position of the company among competitors. To determine the priority competitors, the analysis of the correlation field – the cell in the coordinate system – competitor and market segment is offered, in which we obtain the data: the volume of transport services, the market segment share, the share of traffic in total transport work. These indicators are determined for each competitor and show the priority of each competitor. At the first stage of the methodology of analysis of competitors’ activity, an approach to the definition of priority competitors is proposed, which means those of them who have the largest market share, both in the market as a whole and in a particular market segment. Much attention in the study is paid to determining the list of signs of competitors’ priority and establishing sources of information. On the basis of certain values of the enterprise and competitors there is an opportunity to establish the strengths and weaknesses of each of them. On the basis of the signs of enterprises’ activity that characterize their size, it is possible to obtain a generalized assessment of the market position of the trucking company and competitors, their strengths and weaknesses. At the same time, ratings are made without and with taking into account the importance of each criterion of the market position of MTE and competitors. The results of the research can be used in the process of determining the optimal strategy for motor transport enterprises.

ESSENCE AND CONTENT CHARACTERISTICS OF THE CONCEPT “EMPLOYMENT POTENTIAL OF THE ENTERPRISE”

The article examines the list of the latest scientific sources devoted directly to the definition of the economic category “labor potential of the enterprise”. Their analysis allowed us to note that in their works scientists and scholars rationalize the need to clarify the essence of the concept “labor potential of the enterprise”, especially given the transformations and constantly emerging new requirements in the modern market environment of enterprises. At the same time, there is a lack of unity of their views on the revealing of the meaning of this term, and their variety is very diverse. The existing developments of scientists to establish the essence of the economic category “labor potential of the enterprise” really need further consideration and refinement. The main purpose of the article is to provide an essence and content characteristic and to formulate a definition of “labor potential of the enterprise” on the basis of isolation and systematization of its key (essential) features. As a result of a comprehensive analysis of the studied existing interpretations of the essence of labor potential of the enterprise, their list is systematized into four main approaches to the specification of the semantic basis of this term. On the ground of the application of basic logical methods of concept generation (analysis, synthesis, comparison, abstraction, generalization), the essential features of this term are identified in terms of content of actions and essential certainty: a set of existing and potential capabilities and abilities of employees; self-realization, effective use, increase and development of opportunities for employees in employment; promoting the achievement of strategic goals of enterprise development. To formulate the definition of “labor potential of the enterprise” the following is suggested: first, a combination of the above three essential features of the labor potential of the enterprise; second, the inclusion of a sign of the possibility of manifestation in the latest changing conditions of the socio-economic environment of enterprises; third, grounding at the same time on the interpretation of the basic concept of “potential”; fourth, taking into account the peculiarities of the four main approaches to the specification of the semantic basis of the term. Based on the above provisions, the essence of the labor potential of the enterprise is formulated, whose difference from the existing ones is a comprehensive consideration of its essential features in terms of essential definition and content of actions, as well as taking into account the possibility of manifestation in the latest changing socio-economic environment.

THEORETICAL ASPECTS OF DEVELOPING LOGISTICS ACTIVITIES OF TRANSPORT ENTERPRISES

The need for improvement and development of logistics activities at transport enterprises is determined. The content of the concept of “logistics activity” and theoretical aspects of its development at transport enterprises are revealed. Complex logistics functions and elementary logistics operations are analyzed. The role and place of logistics activity and its influence on the functioning of transport enterprises are substantiated. The efficiency of logistics activity at transport enterprises and directions of its improvement are analyzed. Among the areas identified there are three main: the use of big data (Big Data), cloud logistics and logistics platforms of supply chains, the Internet of Things. Therefore, the availability and use of information platforms and technologies are extremely important in improving the logistics activities of transport companies. With their appearance, it becomes possible to develop various mathematical methods for simplifying logistics tasks and their practical implementation. It is proved that the use of logistics contributes to the achievement of certain competitive advantages by transport enterprises. The opinions of various authors on the definition of the concept of “logistics activities” are considered and a comprehensive definition of the concept is proposed. The system of management of logistic activity of the enterprise, the place and role of the elements of logistic activity is given and it is proved that performance of tasks of logistic activity at each stage of a material flow management raises the competitiveness of the enterprise in the market of transport services.

FEATURES OF FORMATION OF CORPORATE MANAGEMENT SYSTEM IN UKRAINE

The article establishes the need to distinguish between the concepts of corporate governance and corporate management. The constituent elements of these systems are studied according to the general characteristics: user orientation, subject, object, main participants, target direction, influence of the environment on the system, efficiency indicators. The connection and interaction between the systems of corporate governance and corporate management are revealed. The points of view of scientists on the influence of the external and internal environment of companies during the formation of systems are considered. The system of corporate management is suggested, that includes the relationship of the subject and the object of management, which as the main subsystems has the following blocks: block of strategic planning, block of decision-making on key issues, block of coordination of managers and staff, block of management efficiency and company development. The strategic planning unit involves collection and processing of information to identify possible scenarios for the company’s development, the formation of acceptable strategic alternatives, their evaluation and selection. The decision-making unit on key issues serves to transform the chosen strategy into specific targets (strategic development indicators). The unit of coordination of managers’ and staff’s work allows linking the strategic goals and key performance indicators defined for the company as a whole, with the financial and operational plans of individual business units and departments, ensuring their comparison and consistency. The block of effective management and development of the company should provide the results of the analysis of the company’s activities in the form of financial statements and conclusions obtained from its processing and analysis, management and interested stakeholders. The proposed system of corporate management will improve the efficiency of determining the methods and approaches required for the implementation of corporate management and strategic planning and accelerate the definition of processes (regulations) of interaction between the units responsible for performing certain management functions.

ORGANIZATIONAL AND ECONOMIC MECHANISM AND DEVELOPMENT STRATEGY FOR THE RESTORATION OF THE LIBERATED TERRITORIES OF AZERBAIJAN IN THE POST-CONFLICT PERIOD

The article examines the economic reforms carried out in Azerbaijan, the goals outlined by industries according to Strategic Plan of the “Strategic Road Map for the National Economy and Main Sectors of the Economy”, aimed at implementing these reforms, development strategies, and reforms carried out in accordance with State Programs. The importance of these reforms in the national economy sustainable and constant development has been noted. The article describes the development of the non-oil sector in the framework of general, sectoral and regional programs adopted in Azerbaijan to achieve sustainable development, diversification of the economy, development of infrastructure aimed at ensuring socio-economic development. Thus, the level of gas supply infrastructure in the regions, the level of gasification, the level of industrialization, the creation and development of infrastructure in existing industrial zones, as well as the implementation of clustering measures were reviewed and determined that in 2019, 46 enterprises were registered as residents and more than 8,000 permanent jobs were created. At the same time, during the 4th stage of the industrial revolution, the implementation of innovations in the field of ICT in Azerbaijan, new opportunities for sustainable development of the country as a result of digitalization and the formation of a digital economy were created. Also, the importance of restoring the liberated territories of the country, assessing the current state of the economy, determining the priorities of the sectors and establishing an organizational-management mechanism that ensures the gradual development of these areas in a timely manner were studied in detail. The relevant state decrees, defining measures that need to be taken to ensure the restoration and development of the Upper Karabakh and Kelbajar-Lachin regions and adjacent territories, were also considered and analyzed, specific directions of the organizational and management mechanism to ensure their implementation were specified.

SYSTEMIC APPROACH TO ECOLOGICAL-INNOVATIVE MANAGEMENT OF THE MTE

The article forms the problem of low efficiency of the current system of environmental safety in road transport and identifies the need for the formation of a system of adaptive management of environmental and innovative activities of road transport enterprises. A model of the system of ecological and innovative management of MTE is proposed, which is based on the system approach and methodical apparatus of cybernetic modeling of viable systems. The transition from the functional approach to management used in the concept of viable systems to a more progressive process approach is justified, which will increase the versatility of the developed model. The enterprise management system is presented in the form of a metasystem (management entity) and an operational element (management object). The object of management is presented in the form of a system of management of MTE ecological innovations portfolios (subsystem of operational management). These projects are implemented in five basic business processes of the motor-transport enterprise: the main production processes; related processes; auxiliary processes; security processes; business processes management and development. The model of a viable system of ecological and innovative management of MTE provides development of a complex of models which ensure efficiency of introduction of ecological innovations in business processes of the enterprise. The use of the proposed model allows to increase the consistency, efficiency, accuracy, adequacy of management decisions; stability of functioning and adaptation to changing conditions of external and internal environment; increase the predictability and transparency of environmental innovation activities of the MTE, which improves the efficiency and effectiveness of the enterprise. The result of applying a viable management model is to improve the manageability of the system and increase the level of environmental monitoring of the process of providing road transport services. The results of the study contribute to the formation of a systematic view of the adaptive management of environmental and innovative activities of the MTE in the scientific concept of modeling viable systems.

DECISION SUPPORT SYSTEM ON THE FORMATION AND IMPLEMENTATION OF THE STRATEGY OF TRANSPORT INFRASTRUCTURE INNOVATIVE DEVELOPMENT

The strategic level of public management of transport infrastructure innovative development is characterized by a high degree of uncertainty in the assessment of the environment, weak formalization of management methods and widespread use of expert assessments and knowledge, multicriteriality in assessing decisions. In order to improve the quality of strategic processes, it is necessary to use decision support systems. Based on the analysis of research, it is determined that decision support systems can overcome the difficulties associated with multicriteria, limited resources and incomplete information. The study identifies three levels of decision support systems, depending on the specifics of the tasks and the technology used. The authors determined the composition of the decision support system, which includes: file accumulation systems; data analysis systems; accounting systems; representative (image) systems; optimization systems; recommendation systems. Based on the existing approaches to the construction of decision support systems and certain procedures of strategic public administration, the article develops a decision support system for the formation and implementation of a strategy for innovative development of transport infrastructure. The authors proposed a system of decision support for the formation and implementation of a strategy for innovative development of transport infrastructure, which includes the consistent implementation of blocks. The study identifies elements of such a system, which include a set of task blocks (goal setting, project proposals, strategic alternatives, motivation, communication, controlling) and tool modules (data, expert evaluation, analytics, modeling). The use of the developed decision support system for the formation and implementation of the strategy of transport infrastructure innovative development allows to increase the quality and validity of strategic decisions and, accordingly, to ensure the possibility of effective implementation of strategic public administration.

DEVELOPING QUALITY STRATEGIES OF LOGISTICS CUSTOMER SERVICE

Today’s requirements for the implementation of logistics activities require the formation and revision of appropriate strategies. The article considers the practical and theoretical experience of developing strategies for logistic activity and logistics consumer service. The strategy of quality of logistics customer service is implemented in the management of logistics business processes of the enterprise and is a set of solutions, plans and measures aimed at continuous improvement and ensuring effective organized activities of staff in a certain material environment related to offering and providing logistics services that meet specific needs and requirements of customers. When forming quality strategies of logistics services, special attention should be paid to the culture of quality (formation of the worldview of the whole team in the field of quality – motivating each employee to acquire new knowledge and skills) and business culture of logistics. The latter acts as a certain unity of interests of all groups of persons interested in logistics processes; provided with appropriate ways of making management decisions, etc. The article proposes an approach to the formation of logistics service quality strategies, which is based on determining the levels of efficiency, effectiveness and adaptability of logistics customer service, and involves the development and selection of options for appropriate alternative solutions. The following strategies are determined as typical: strategy of logistics outsourcing, concentrated improvement, reengineering of the logistics service process, purposeful quality improvement, application of “kaizen” technologies, minimization of logistics costs, quality management, continuous improvement of the quality of logistics services. The choice of priority alternative solutions is based on the maximum values of their integrated assessment, taking into account the importance of implementing a particular strategy.