scholarly journals Muscle‐Specific Relation of Acetylcarnitine and Intramyocellular Lipids to Chronic Hyperglycemia: A Pilot 3‐T 1 H MRS Study

Obesity ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 28 (8) ◽  
pp. 1405-1411
Author(s):  
Radka Klepochová ◽  
Michael Leutner ◽  
Magdalena Bastian ◽  
Michael Krebs ◽  
Michael Weber ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Intramyocellular Lipids ◽  
Specific Relation ◽  
Chronic Hyperglycemia

Effects of weight loss combined with physical activity on intramyocellular lipids

2006 ◽  
Vol 1 (S 1) ◽  
Author(s):  
C Thamer ◽  
J Machann ◽  
A Niess ◽  
M Haap ◽  
C Claussen ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
Weight Loss ◽  
Intramyocellular Lipids

Buddhist, a Christian, and an Atheist Walk into a Classroom

2013 ◽  
Vol 42 (3) ◽  
pp. 37-42
Author(s):  
Ken Derry
Keyword(s):  
First Year ◽  
Specific Relation ◽  
University Of Toronto ◽  
Central Focus ◽  
The University

Although none of the articles in this issue on the topic of religion and humor are explicitly about teaching, in many ways all of them in fact share this central focus. In the examples discussed by the four authors, humor is used to deconstruct the category of religion; to comment on the distance between orthodoxy and praxis; to censure religion; and to enrich traditions in ways that can be quite self-critical. My response to these articles addresses each of the above lessons in specific relation to experiences I have had in, and strategies I have developed for, teaching a first-year introductory religion course at the University of Toronto.

Wogonin Alleviates Hyperglycemia Through Increased Glucose Entry into Cells Via AKT/GLUT4 Pathway

2019 ◽  
Vol 25 (23) ◽  
pp. 2602-2606 ◽  
Author(s):  
Shahzad Khan ◽  
Mohammad A. Kamal
Keyword(s):  
Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Insulin Resistance ◽  
Type 2 Diabetes ◽  
Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Modern World ◽  
Major Health Problem ◽  
Major Health ◽  
Chronic Hyperglycemia ◽  
Main Factor

: Insulin resistance and type 2 Diabetes mellitus resulting in chronic hyperglycemia is a major health problem in the modern world. Many drugs have been tested to control hyperglycemia which is believed to be the main factor behind many of the diabetes-related late-term complications. Wogonin is a famous herbal medicine which has been shown to be effective in controlling diabetes and its complications. In our previous work, we showed that wogonin is beneficial in many ways in controlling diabetic cardiomyopathy. In this review, we mainly explained wogonin anti-hyperglycemic property through AKT/GLUT4 pathway. Here we briefly discussed that wogonin increases Glut4 trafficking to plasma membrane which allows increased entry of glucose and thus alleviates hyperglycemia. Conclusion: Wogonin can be used as an anti-diabetic and anti-hyperglycemic drug and works via AKT/GLUT4 pathway.

High Glucose Affects the Cytotoxic Potential of Rapamycin, Metformin and Hydrogen Peroxide in Cultured Human Mesenchymal Stem Cells

2019 ◽  
Vol 19 (9) ◽  
pp. 688-698 ◽  
Author(s):  
Azam Roohi ◽  
Mahin Nikougoftar ◽  
Hamed Montazeri ◽  
Shadisadat Navabi ◽  
Fazel Shokri ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cell Cycle ◽  
Hydrogen Peroxide ◽  
Stem Cells ◽  
Mesenchymal Stem Cells ◽  
Cell Viability ◽  
High Glucose ◽  
Cell Cycle Distribution ◽  
Efficient Treatment ◽  
Chronic Hyperglycemia ◽  
Placental Mesenchymal Stem Cells

Background: Oxidative stress and chronic hyperglycemia are two major side effects of type 2 diabetes affecting all cell types including mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs). As a cell therapy choice, understanding the behavior of MSCs will provide crucial information for efficient treatment. Methods: Placental mesenchymal stem cells were treated with various concentrations of glucose, metformin, rapamycin, and hydrogen peroxide to monitor their viability and cell cycle distribution. Cellular viability was examined via the MTT assay. Cell cycle distribution was studied by propidium iodide staining and apoptosis was determined using Annexin Vpropidium iodide staining and flow cytometry. Involvement of potential signaling pathways was evaluated by Western blotting for activation of Akt, P70S6K, and AMPK. Results: The results indicated that high glucose augmented cell viability and reduced metformin toxic potential. However, the hydrogen peroxide and rapamycin toxicities were exacerbated. Conclusion: Our findings suggest that high glucose concentration has a major effect on placental mesenchymal stem cell viability in the presence of rapamycin, metformin and hydrogen peroxide in culture.

A Critical Review on Madhumeha (Diabetes Mellitus) with its Preventive Approach

2017 ◽  
Vol 2 (05) ◽  
Author(s):  
Anagha Gosavi ◽  
Ram V. Ramekar
Keyword(s):  
Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Insulin Secretion ◽  
Protein Metabolism ◽  
Insulin Action ◽  
Preventive Measures ◽  
Sweet Taste ◽  
Whole Body ◽  
Appropriate Use ◽  
Chronic Hyperglycemia ◽  
Therapeutic Measures

Prameha is disease of Mutravaha Srotasa having Kapha dominancy which can be correlated with diabetes mellitus. The term diabetes mellitus describes a metabolic disorder of multiple etiologies characterized by chronic hyperglycemia with disturbances of carbohydrate, fat and protein metabolism resulting from defects in insulin secretion, insulin action, or both. Madhumeha is considered as a subtype under the Vatika type of Prameha and it is characterized by passage of urine with sweet taste like honey along with sweetness of whole body. With appropriate use of Ayurvedic preventive measures such as Dincharya, Ritucharya, Aharvidhi and therapeutic measures Madhumeha (DM) can be prevented.

Chronic Hyperglycemia Impairs Endothelial Function and Insulin Sensitivity Via Different Mechanisms in Insulin-Dependent Diabetes Mellitus

Circulation ◽  
1996 ◽  
Vol 94 (6) ◽  
pp. 1276-1282 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sari Ma¨kimattila ◽  
Antti Virkama¨ki ◽  
Per-Henrik Groop ◽  
John Cockcroft ◽  
Tapio Utriainen ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Insulin Sensitivity ◽  
Endothelial Function ◽  
Insulin Dependent Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Insulin Dependent Diabetes ◽  
Dependent Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Chronic Hyperglycemia ◽  
Insulin Dependent

scholarly journals A Comparison of Feature Selection and Forecasting Machine Learning Algorithms for Predicting Glycaemia in Type 1 Diabetes Mellitus

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (4) ◽  
pp. 1742
Author(s):  
Ignacio Rodríguez-Rodríguez ◽  
José-Víctor Rodríguez ◽  
Wai Lok Woo ◽  
Bo Wei ◽  
Domingo-Javier Pardo-Quiles
Keyword(s):  
Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Machine Learning ◽  
Type 1 Diabetes ◽  
Feature Selection ◽  
Blood Glucose ◽  
Type 1 Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Support Vector ◽  
Chronic Hyperglycemia ◽  
Predictive Algorithms

Type 1 diabetes mellitus (DM1) is a metabolic disease derived from falls in pancreatic insulin production resulting in chronic hyperglycemia. DM1 subjects usually have to undertake a number of assessments of blood glucose levels every day, employing capillary glucometers for the monitoring of blood glucose dynamics. In recent years, advances in technology have allowed for the creation of revolutionary biosensors and continuous glucose monitoring (CGM) techniques. This has enabled the monitoring of a subject’s blood glucose level in real time. On the other hand, few attempts have been made to apply machine learning techniques to predicting glycaemia levels, but dealing with a database containing such a high level of variables is problematic. In this sense, to the best of the authors’ knowledge, the issues of proper feature selection (FS)—the stage before applying predictive algorithms—have not been subject to in-depth discussion and comparison in past research when it comes to forecasting glycaemia. Therefore, in order to assess how a proper FS stage could improve the accuracy of the glycaemia forecasted, this work has developed six FS techniques alongside four predictive algorithms, applying them to a full dataset of biomedical features related to glycaemia. These were harvested through a wide-ranging passive monitoring process involving 25 patients with DM1 in practical real-life scenarios. From the obtained results, we affirm that Random Forest (RF) as both predictive algorithm and FS strategy offers the best average performance (Root Median Square Error, RMSE = 18.54 mg/dL) throughout the 12 considered predictive horizons (up to 60 min in steps of 5 min), showing Support Vector Machines (SVM) to have the best accuracy as a forecasting algorithm when considering, in turn, the average of the six FS techniques applied (RMSE = 20.58 mg/dL).

scholarly journals The Role of Intramyocellular Lipids during Hypoglycemia in Patients with Intensively Treated Type 1 Diabetes

2005 ◽  
Vol 90 (10) ◽  
pp. 5559-5565 ◽  
Author(s):  
Elisabeth Bernroider ◽  
Attila Brehm ◽  
Martin Krssak ◽  
Christian Anderwald ◽  
Zlatko Trajanoski ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Type 1 Diabetes ◽  
Intramyocellular Lipids

scholarly journals Beneficial Effects of Combination Therapy of Sitagliptin and β-carotene Drugs on Streptozotocin-induced Diabetic Rats

2020 ◽  
Vol 23 (2) ◽  
pp. 87-95
Author(s):  
Pulye Roy ◽  
Monirul Islam ◽  
Mohammad Saiful Islam ◽  
Mamunur Rashid
Keyword(s):  
Combination Therapy ◽  
Density Lipoprotein ◽  
Diabetic Control ◽  
Diabetic Rats ◽  
Fixed Dose ◽  
Diabetic Patients ◽  
Control Groups ◽  
Chronic Hyperglycemia ◽  
Serum Glutamate ◽  
Β Carotene

Diabetes mellitus (DM), characterized by chronic hyperglycemia is one of the most common chronic diseases affecting millions of people worldwide. A significant component of the risk associated with DM is thought to be because of its abnormal lipid ‘triad’ profile. All the associated complications are mainly due to imbalance between generation of free radicals and the antioxidant systems like catalase (CAT) and super oxide dismutase (SOD) enzymes. Moreover, increased level of serum glutamate pyruvate transaminase (SGPT) and serum glutamate oxaloacetate transaminase (SGOT) are considered a consequence of hepatocyte damage. The current study was designed to investigate the antihyperglycemic and antidyslipidemic effects, oxidative stress and liver dysfunction indices of fixed dose combination therapy of sitagliptin [50 mg/70kg body weight (BW)] and β-carotene (5 mg/70kg BW) on streptozotocin (45 mg/kg BW) induced diabetic rats (SIDRs). The study showed that combination therapy induced a significant decrease in blood glucose level (BGL) from 19.09 ± 0.13 to 6.86 ± 0.11 mmol/l in comparison to the control group after daily treatment for three weeks. In case of dyslipidimic effect, combination therapy reduced total cholesterol (TC) (22.96%), triglycerides (TG) (17.54%) and low-density lipoprotein (LDL)-cholesterol (52.25%) levels significantly and increased high-density lipoprotein (HDL)-cholesterol level (55.98%) in comparison with respective diabetic control groups. We also observed that combination therapy lowered SGPT & SGOT level by 46.39% and 37.23%, respectively and increased SOD & CAT enzyme activity by 63.79% and 48.32%, respectively in comparison with diabetic control groups. These changes were significantly better than those of sitagliptin and β-carotene monotherapy. The suggestions of our findings of this research are that combination therapy is more potent than their individual monotherapy and may be beneficial for the treatment of diabetic patients with associated complications. Bangladesh Pharmaceutical Journal 23(2): 87-95, 2020

scholarly journals Transcriptomic analysis of the cardiac left ventricle in a rodent model of diabetic cardiomyopathy: molecular snapshot of a severe myocardial disease

2007 ◽  
Vol 28 (3) ◽  
pp. 284-293 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sarah Glyn-Jones ◽  
Sarah Song ◽  
Michael A. Black ◽  
Anthony R. J. Phillips ◽  
Soon Y. Choong ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Diabetic Cardiomyopathy ◽  
Molecular Basis ◽  
Cardiovascular Complications ◽  
Left Ventricular ◽  
Myocardial Disease ◽  
Chronic Hyperglycemia ◽  
Expression Of Genes ◽  
Streptozotocin Induced Diabetes ◽  
Quantitative Verification ◽  
Disproportionate Number

Heart disease is the major cause of death in diabetes, a disorder characterized by chronic hyperglycemia and cardiovascular complications. Diabetic cardiomyopathy (DCM) is increasingly recognized as a major contributor to diastolic dysfunction and heart failure in diabetes, but its molecular basis has remained obscure, in part because of its multifactorial origins. Here we employed comparative transcriptomic methods with quantitative verification of selected transcripts by reverse transcriptase quantitative PCR to characterize the molecular basis of DCM in rats with streptozotocin-induced diabetes of 16-wk duration. Diabetes caused left ventricular disease that was accompanied by significant changes in the expression of 1,614 genes, 749 of which had functions assignable by Gene Ontology classification. Genes corresponding to proteins expressed in mitochondria accounted for a disproportionate number of those whose expression was significantly modified in DCM, consistent with the idea that the mitochondrion is a key target of the pathogenic processes that cause myocardial disease in diabetes. Diabetes also induced global perturbations in the expression of genes regulating cardiac fatty acid metabolism, whose dysfunction is likely to play a key role in the promotion of oxidative stress, thereby contributing to the pathogenesis of diabetic myocardial disease. In particular, these data point to impaired regulation of mitochondrial β-oxidation as central in the mechanisms that generate DCM pathogenesis. This study provides a comprehensive molecular snapshot of the processes leading to myocardial disease in diabetes.

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