scholarly journals African Personhood, Humanism, and Critical Sankofaism: The Case of Male Suicide in Ghana

2020 ◽  
pp. 85-93
Author(s):  
Camillia Kong
Keyword(s):  
Cultural Values ◽  
Suicide Attempts ◽  
Gender Norms ◽  
Male Gender ◽  
Strong Sense ◽  
Male Suicide ◽  
The Status ◽  
Intimate Link ◽  
The Individual ◽  
Progressive Potential

AbstractSuicide in Ghana is criminalised and those who survive suicide attempts are subject to significant social condemnation. Paradoxically, studies show that male suicide is often driven by individuals’ strong sense of responsibility to meet social norms and expectations around gender as well as the internalisation of societal views that death would be preferable to shame and disgrace. This contradiction prompts a critical re-examination of the communitarian tradition of African personhood which posits an intimate link between the individual attainment of socially affirmed roles and the status of personhood. Through an analysis of the Akan concept of critical sankofaism I suggest that African approaches to suicide may draw upon important adaptive, critical resources internal to African cultural values, thus highlighting the progressive potential of the African tradition. I show specifically how male gender norms and societal responses to suicide attempts distort core humanistic values at the heart of African communitarian personhood.

scholarly journals Theoretical interpretation of the state of modernity

2016 ◽  
Vol 3 (1) ◽  
pp. 136-142
Author(s):  
E V Gabrelyan
Keyword(s):  
Cultural Values ◽  
Political Institutions ◽  
The State ◽  
Theoretical Interpretation ◽  
The Family ◽  
The Status ◽  
The Moment ◽  
The Individual ◽  
And Function ◽  
Functional Purpose

The article shows that the state as an organization of public government institutions of modernity and its theoretical interpretation is fundamentally different from the organization demodernism of the state and its theoretical interpretation. This difference was manifested, primarily, in the explanation of the role, participation and the importance of the individual in the process of state formation and as a result in the change of approach to the functional purpose of the state. The state of modernity - member, explained by concluding the contract of individuals in order to protect their rights existing independently of recognition by the state until the moment of its creation. The contractual theory of the state - the ideological basis of the state of modernity. Contractual interpretation of the process of state-building, which replaced the primitive theories and competing with them, first, “raskoldoval”, i.e. streamlines the state, secondly, explains the state through the rights of the individual, through the law, making the state legal. In the legal state of modernity changes the status of the individual: there is a transition from innate duties of subordination to the head of the family, the family and the state to innate (natural) rights. The state of the modern epoch is characterized by the change of a functional purpose, which is viewed through the category of property. The purpose and function of legal state - the protection of property rights,i.e. the rights of individuals to life, liberty and property. Positioning the property as the highest socio-cultural values leads to social and cultural needs of individuals in institutional protection through political institutions.

scholarly journals Reading Cultural Heritage of Beşiktaş Through Society, Memory and Identity of the Place

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Elif Aydın ◽  
◽  
Berna Dikçınar Sel ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Cultural Heritage ◽  
Cultural Values ◽  
Physical Environment ◽  
Place Attachment ◽  
Spatial Perception ◽  
Physical Space ◽  
The Status ◽  
The Individual ◽  
Questionnaire Method ◽  
The Relationship

The constant change of the meaning of the physical environment for the individual and society during the experience of space in daily life detract the spatial perception from cultural values. The formation of valuable / important perception regarding the physical space elements that are disconnected from the interaction of space, society and culture causes place attachment status to change and negatively affects the preservation of cultural heritage values. In other words, it increases the problem of preserving cultural heritage values by losing the meaning of cultural values that are a part of the physical environment in the relationship between space and society. In this context, in Beşiktaş, which has been settled for many years and has traces of different cultures, as a result of the differentiation of the relationship between the space and the individual due to technological and economic developments, the interaction with cultural values is gradually decreasing during the experience of space. In this study, using the questionnaire method, the status of place attachment is examined through interviews with daily users of Beşiktaş by using open-ended and 5-likert scale questions. The aim of the research is to analyze the cultural heritage values in the context of the relationship between society and space in Besiktas.

Axiological Aspects of Mass Media Functioning

Servis plus ◽  
10.12737/3887 ◽  
2014 ◽  
Vol 8 (2) ◽  
pp. 10-16 ◽  
Author(s):  
Людмила Ефимова ◽  
Lyudmila Efimova
Keyword(s):  
Mass Media ◽  
Cultural Values ◽  
Cultural Development ◽  
Social Events ◽  
Effective Activity ◽  
Ideological Influence ◽  
Current Events ◽  
The Status ◽  
Current Lines ◽  
The Individual

In the 21st century, mass media has achieved outstanding success, gaining the status of a cultural factor no less influential than religion, literature, and arts, all of which are immediate generalize of social events. Mass media have attained active leadership positions in terms of individual and collective ideological influence, transmitting cultural achievements, and determining the acceptance or rejection of cultural values by the society. With mass media becoming the generally popular form of crosscultural intercourse and interaction of the individual with the spiritual, material and historical experience gained by generations and nations. The efficiency of the mass media phenomenon is beyond debate. However, it does manifest significant detrimental characteristics, in particular, its threatening potential of a substitution for true spiritual and social values by artificial counterparts generated by a particular outlook oriented authors. It is at the same time obvious that cultural values are being dissociated and divided to meet the needs of a certain social class or social group. This makes research into the axiological functions performed by mass media in a democratic multi-channel society a vital necessity. Research into the axiological and creative function of mass media is one of the current lines of philosophical research and it requires a distinctive methodology ensuring effective axiological insights into the phenomenon of mass media. It is through mass media that millions of people acquire knowledge of current events and values, which is bound to affect the integrity of a society´s orientation, and determine the lines of cultural development. No creative, effective activity is possible outside the scope of mass media, as it is only through and by mass media that the behaviors of social groups are coordinated and conformal and coherent worldview and ideological paradigms are molded.

Investigating the Relationship Between Self-Esteem and Stigma Among Young Adults With History of Suicide Attempts

Crisis ◽  
2016 ◽  
Vol 37 (4) ◽  
pp. 265-270 ◽  
Author(s):  
Meshan Lehmann ◽  
Matthew R. Hilimire ◽  
Lawrence H. Yang ◽  
Bruce G. Link ◽  
Jordan E. DeVylder
Keyword(s):  
Young Adults ◽  
Suicide Attempts ◽  
Self Esteem ◽  
High Risk Population ◽  
High Functioning ◽  
People With Mental Illness ◽  
History Of ◽  
The Individual ◽  
The Impact ◽  
The Relationship

Abstract. Background: Self-esteem is a major contributor to risk for repeated suicide attempts. Prior research has shown that awareness of stigma is associated with reduced self-esteem among people with mental illness. No prior studies have examined the association between self-esteem and stereotype awareness among individuals with past suicide attempts. Aims: To understand the relationship between stereotype awareness and self-esteem among young adults who have and have not attempted suicide. Method: Computerized surveys were administered to college students (N = 637). Linear regression analyses were used to test associations between self-esteem and stereotype awareness, attempt history, and their interaction. Results: There was a significant stereotype awareness by attempt interaction (β = –.74, p = .006) in the regression analysis. The interaction was explained by a stronger negative association between stereotype awareness and self-esteem among individuals with past suicide attempts (β = –.50, p = .013) compared with those without attempts (β = –.09, p = .037). Conclusion: Stigma is associated with lower self-esteem within this high-functioning sample of young adults with histories of suicide attempts. Alleviating the impact of stigma at the individual (clinical) or community (public health) levels may improve self-esteem among this high-risk population, which could potentially influence subsequent suicide risk.

Ukrainian community life of believers

2008 ◽  
pp. 110-134
Author(s):  
Pavlo Yuriyovych Pavlenko
Keyword(s):  
Religious Life ◽  
Main Task ◽  
Community Life ◽  
Religious Activity ◽  
Existence Of God ◽  
Religious System ◽  
Real Presence ◽  
The Status ◽  
Intimate Relations ◽  
The Individual

The cornerstone of any religion is its anthropological concept, which seeks to determine the essential orientations of man, to outline the ideological framework of its existence, to represent the idea of ​​its essence, purpose in earthly life. The main task of the religious system is the act of involving and subordinating man to the spiritual divine realm as the realm of the transcendental existence of God. Belief in the real presence of the latter implies a new understanding of oneself, which ultimately leads the religious individual to the desire to be involved in this transcendental existence, to have intimate relations with him, to have a consciousness inherent in God. Note that in this context, all human being is interpreted as a certain arena for this realization. Therefore, the religious life of the individual acquires the status of religious activity.

Victorian Pain

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rachel Ablow
Keyword(s):  
Nineteenth Century ◽  
Victorian Literature ◽  
Social Life ◽  
Charles Darwin ◽  
Harriet Martineau ◽  
The Status ◽  
History Of ◽  
The Individual ◽  
Natural Philosophers ◽  
First Time

The nineteenth century introduced developments in science and medicine that made the eradication of pain conceivable for the first time. This new understanding of pain brought with it a complex set of moral and philosophical dilemmas. If pain serves no obvious purpose, how do we reconcile its existence with a well-ordered universe? Examining how writers of the day engaged with such questions, this book offers a compelling new literary and philosophical history of modern pain. The book provides close readings of novelists Charlotte Brontë and Thomas Hardy and political and natural philosophers John Stuart Mill, Harriet Martineau, and Charles Darwin, as well as a variety of medical, scientific, and popular writers of the Victorian age. The book explores how discussions of pain served as investigations into the status of persons and the nature and parameters of social life. No longer conceivable as divine trial or punishment, pain in the nineteenth century came to seem instead like a historical accident suggesting little or nothing about the individual who suffers. A landmark study of Victorian literature and the history of pain, the book shows how these writers came to see pain as a social as well as a personal problem. Rather than simply self-evident to the sufferer and unknowable to anyone else, pain was also understood to be produced between persons—and even, perhaps, by the fictions they read.

Impact of Social Media on English Language: A Review

2015 ◽  
Vol 3 (3) ◽  
pp. 5
Author(s):  
Dr. Neha Sharma
Keyword(s):  
Social Media ◽  
Cultural Values ◽  
English Language ◽  
Major Influence ◽  
International Level ◽  
Class Society ◽  
The World ◽  
The Status ◽  
The Media ◽  
Subsequent Rise

Language being a potent vehicle of transmitting cultural values, norms and beliefs remains a central factor in determining the status of any nation. India is a multilingual country which tends to encourage people to use English at national and international level. Basically English in India owes its presence to the British but its subsequent rise is not fully attributable to the British. It has now become the language of wider communication which is now spoken by large number of people all over the world. It is influenced by many factors such as class, society, developments in science and technology etc. However the major influence on English language is and has been the media.

Foundations and Introduction of Islamic Economics: Role and Trends

2020 ◽  
Vol 3 (3) ◽  
pp. 121-138
Author(s):  
Dr. Bilal Ahmad Khan
Keyword(s):  
Modern Science ◽  
Central Position ◽  
Islamic Philosophy ◽  
Moral Training ◽  
Human Ability ◽  
The Status ◽  
Distribution Of Resources ◽  
The Rich ◽  
Specific Concept ◽  
The Individual

Islamic economics based on specific concept of universe and the creation of man is contradictory to the concept adopted and accepted by modern science. Islamic economics postulates although ability and expertise is required for progress and growth but distribution of resources completely dependent on it would be cruel, inhuman and bereft of kindness, and lead to oppression. Islamic economics does not favor making human ability and expertise the fulcrum of resource distribution. It should be kind, considerate and based on justice and fairness. This is because according to Islamic philosophy, ownership is considered to be a trust from Allah which has been bestowed on the rich so that they may utilize it correctly. In Islamic economics the role of the individual, has inclinations and his aims and objectives occupy a central position and are vitally important. He is definitely a rational being but his level of rationality is not confined to the calculations of cost and profit. An individual does not want merely to obtain monetary profit and physical pleasure and leisure but he also wants and aims for something beyond what the material world has to offer. The main aim of the study is to find out the relationship between Islam and economics. In Islamic economics the comprehensive moral training of the individual, his technical and educational ability, his aims and his priorities are of primary importance. According to Islamic economics the means of acquiring wealth has the same importance as wealth itself. Dishonesty, abuse of trust and earning of wealth through fraudulent ways and means may perhaps increase the status of an individual but the society suffers because of it on the whole. This leads to an unjust and oppressive economic system.

Love and Intimacy as Vulnerability to HIV Infection: A Case Study of MSM

2016 ◽  
Vol 5 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Archana Kaushik
Keyword(s):  
Hiv Infection ◽  
Cultural Values ◽  
Sexual Behaviors ◽  
Sex Workers ◽  
Sexual Minorities ◽  
Suicide Attempts ◽  
Service Providers ◽  
Structural Barriers ◽  
Health Seeking ◽  
Sex With Men

Sexual minorities are among the most marginalized groups in the society. Sero-positivity accentuates social exclusion among the sexual minorities. The paper aims to appraise the factors that make Men who have Sex with Men (MSM) vulnerable to HIV infection and influence their health seeking behaviors. It highlights two major domains socio-cultural and interpersonal variables. Qualitative in nature and based on ten in-depth case studies of HIV infected MSM, the study is located in Delhi, India. Factors such as age, marital status, child sexual abuse, multiple sex partners, are crucial in influencing their vulnerability. Socio-cultural milieu puts structural barriers restricting integration of MSM in the society. Cultural values do not allow talking about sex, which hampers healthy sexual behaviors. Exhibiting aggression, sexual violence, visiting sex-workers etc. are considered as important aspects to prove manhood. At the interpersonal level, possessiveness, betrayal, infidelity, heartbreak, strong emotional whirlpool when love-relations go incongruent, all takes a heavy toll of their mental and physical health. These variables socially exclude the sexual minorities from the mainstream life. Findings show positive (disclosing to family, abstinence, spiritual growth) and negative (suicide-attempts, drug-use) ways of coping among the MSM respondents. Critical areas of concern for service-providers while planning interventions for empowering people with sexual minority are delineated.

Aspects of Jewish Reception of the Ketuvim (Writings)

2018 ◽  
pp. 429-447
Author(s):  
Alan Cooper
Keyword(s):  
Teaching And Learning ◽  
The Status ◽  
The Individual

This chapter discusses three aspects of Jewish reception of the Ketuvim (Writings or Hagiographa): the status and authority of the Ketuvim in relation to the Torah (Pentateuch) and the Nevi’im (Prophets); the study and liturgical use of Ketuvim, focusing on the so-called Five Scrolls (hamesh megillot) and the Book of Psalms; and the character of traditional commentary on selected books, including recommendations for further reading. The Ketuvim were considered sacred and inspired, but at a lower level of inspiration than the Torah and the Prophets. They were regarded as diverting and edifying, but insufficiently authoritative to support the promulgation of law, which was the fundamental concern of rabbinic teaching and learning. On the whole, Jewish commentators seek to find consistency in the interpretation of the individual books, “taming” their originality in order to conform their meanings both to the rest of Scripture and to normative Jewish teachings.

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