Peptidomic profiling of fermented goat milk: considering the fermentation-time dependent proteolysis by Lactobacillus and characterization of novel peptides with Antioxidative activity

Background: Herbal medicine Angelica dahurica is widely employed for the treatment of rheumatism and pain relief in China. Oxypeucedanin is a major component of the herb. Objectives : The objectives of this study are aimed at the investigation of mechanism-based inactivation of CYP2B6 and CYP2D6 by oxypeucedanin, characterization of the reactive metabolites associated with the enzyme inactivation, and identification of the P450s participating in the bioactivation of oxypeucedanin. Methods : Oxypeucedanin was incubated with liver microsomes or recombinant CYPs2B6 and 2D6 under designed conditions, and the enzyme activities were measured by monitoring the generation of the corresponding products. The resulting reactive intermediates were trapped with GSH and analyzed by LC-MS/MS. Results : Microsomal incubation with oxypeucedanin induced a time-, concentration-, and NADPH-dependent inhibition of CYPs2B6 and 2D6 with kinetic values of KI/kinact 1.82 µM/0.07 min-1 (CYP2B6) and 8.47 µM/0.044 min-1 (CYP2D6), respectively. Ticlopidine and quinidine attenuated the observed time-dependent enzyme inhibitions. An epoxide and/or γ-ketoenal intermediate(s) derived from oxypeucedanin was/were trapped in microsomal incubations. CYP3A4 was the primary enzyme involved in the bioactivation of oxypeucedanin. Conclusion : Oxypeucedanin was a mechanism-based inactivator of CYP2B6 and CYP2D6. An epoxide and/or γ-ketoenal intermediate(s) may be responsible for the inactivation of the two enzymes.

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Production and Characterization of Exopolysaccharides from Loss Cooked Sweet Potatoes (Ipomoea batatas) by Lactobacillus Plantarum

Biotechnology and Bioprocessing ◽

10.31579/2766-2314/030 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 2 (7) ◽

pp. 01-11

Author(s):

Robert Germain Beka ◽

Emmanuel Akdowa Panyoo ◽

Germaine Yadang ◽

Pamela Homsi ◽

Laurette Blandine Mezajoug Kenfack ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Sweet Potato ◽

Ipomoea Batatas ◽

Chemical Characterization ◽

Sweet Potatoes ◽

Fermentation Time ◽

Total Sugars ◽

Titrable Acidity ◽

Lactic Acid Content

The aim of the work was to produce and characterize the exopolysaccharides from loss cooked sweet potato (Ipomoea batatas) using fermentation with Lactobacillus. The cooked sweet potato was fermented according to the factorial design with the following factors: the time (21.51h-38.48h) and the amount of Lactobacillus (1.58*106-5*106UFC). Responses were represented by production yield, pH, and titrable acidity. Characterization of the exopolysaccharides was then done by determination of total sugars, solubility index and viscosity. The results show that the pH of unfermented cooked potatoes was between 6.23 to 6.63. The pH of fermented potatoes varies from 3.96 to 4.06. The lactic acid content was found from 7.75 to 9.9% for the fermented samples. The production yields are 1.90% for the samples fermented for 21.5 hours with 3.5*106UFC of bacteria and 5.62% for those fermented for 30 hours with the same volume of inoculum. The average viscosity of the products was 4mPas regardless of the fermentation time. Chemical characterization indicates glucose contents of 68.21 and 94.01% in fermented potato for 24h and 21h respectively. The solubility index gives values of 70.3 ± 0.16 and 88.11 ± 0.23 for fermentation times of 21h and 24h respectively. Results of this work indicated that cooked sweet potatoes ferment for 21h was a promising substrate for production of exopolysaccharides.

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In vivo Characterization of Epileptic Tissue with Time-Dependent, Diffuse Reflectance Spectroscopy

IFMBE Proceedings - 26th Southern Biomedical Engineering Conference SBEC 2010, April 30 - May 2, 2010, College Park, Maryland, USA ◽

10.1007/978-3-642-14998-6_28 ◽

2010 ◽

pp. 105-108

Author(s):

Nitin Yadav ◽

Sanghoon Oh ◽

Sanjeev Bhatia ◽

John Ragheb ◽

Prasanna Jayakar ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Diffuse Reflectance ◽

Diffuse Reflectance Spectroscopy ◽

Reflectance Spectroscopy ◽

Time Dependent ◽

In Vivo Characterization

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Effects of Breed and Stage of Lactation on Milk Fatty Acid Composition of Italian Goat Breeds

Animals ◽

10.3390/ani9100764 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 9 (10) ◽

pp. 764 ◽

Cited By ~ 2

Author(s):

Sarah Currò ◽

Carmen Manuelian ◽

Massimo De Marchi ◽

Salvatore Claps ◽

Domenico Rufrano ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Fatty Acid ◽

Repeated Measures ◽

Dairy Products ◽

Fixed Effects ◽

Sensory Quality ◽

Mixed Model ◽

Goat Milk ◽

Stage Of Lactation

Fatty acid (FA) profile plays an important role on human health and on sensory quality of dairy products. There is few information about breed influence on milk FA profile of local goat breeds. This study aimed to characterize and compare the milk FA profile of 5 local endangered goat breeds (Garganica, Girgentana, Jonica, Maltese, and Mediterranean Red) and a cosmopolitan breed (Saanen) reared in the same farm during a complete lactation. A total of 252 milk samples were collected monthly from 42 goats (7 goats per breed) and analyzed for gross composition and FA profile. Individual FA was determined using gas-chromatography. Data were analyzed using a mixed model with repeated measures with breed and week of lactation as fixed effects. Results showed that the FA profile was significantly affected by week of lactation and only few FA by breed effect (p < 0.05). Overall, the main differences were found between Saanen and local breeds. This study contributed to the characterization of goat milk FA profile, and it may be of interest for the valorization of milk from local goat breeds which seem to have a healthier profile than milk of the cosmopolitan breed.

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Characterization of peptidases of adult Trichuris muris

Parasitology ◽

10.1017/s0031182000076502 ◽

1994 ◽

Vol 109 (5) ◽

pp. 623-630 ◽

Cited By ~ 16

Author(s):

L. J. Drake ◽

A. E. Bianco ◽

D. A. P. Bundy ◽

F. Ashall

Keyword(s):

Mammalian Cells ◽

Culture Medium ◽

Matrix Protein ◽

Sodium Dodecyl ◽

Time Dependent ◽

Extracellular Matrix Protein ◽

Peptidase Activity ◽

Trichuris Muris ◽

Hydrolysis Of

Excretory/secretory (E/S) material of Trichuris muris was found to contain 2 major peptidases, Mr 85 and 105 kDa, which degrade gelatin optimally at pH 6·0 in sodium dodecyl sulphate–polyacrylamide gels. The peptidases were inactivated diisopropylfluorophosphate, leupeptin and soybean trypsin inhibitor, but were unaffected by inhibitors of aspartic-, cysteine- and metallo-peptidases, indicating that they are serine peptidases. Both enzymes were detectable within 5 h after incubation of worms in culture medium and showed a time-dependent increase in levels. Neither peptidase was detected in worm extracts, suggesting that they are activated during or following secretion from worms. Live worms degraded radio-isotope labelled extracellular matrix protein substratum derived from mammalian cells. Aminopeptidase activities capable of catalysing hydrolysis of amino acyl aminomethylcoumarin (MCA) substrates and a Z-Phe-Arg-MCA-hydrolysing cysteine peptidase activity, were detected in extracts of adult worms but not in E/S material.

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Physicochemical Properties, Cytotoxicity, and Antioxidative Activity of Natural Deep Eutectic Solvents Containing Organic Acid

Chemical and Biochemical Engineering Quarterly ◽

10.15255/cabeq.2018.1454 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 33 (1) ◽

pp. 1-18 ◽

Cited By ~ 14

Author(s):

Anamarija Mitar ◽

Manuela Panić ◽

Kristina Radošević ◽

Ivana Radojčić Redovniković ◽

Kristina Zagajski Kučan ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Physicochemical Properties ◽

Antioxidative Activity ◽

Deep Eutectic Solvents ◽

Oxygen Radical ◽

Structural Variations ◽

Natural Deep Eutectic Solvents ◽

Environmentally Safe ◽

Mcf 7

Natural deep eutectic solvents (NADES) may be considered ‘designer solvents’ due to their numerous structural variations and the possibility of tailoring their physicochemical properties. Prior to their industrial application, characterization of NADES is essential, including determination of their physicochemical properties, cytotoxicity, and antioxidative activity. The most important physicochemical properties of eight prepared NADES (choline chloride:malic acid, proline:malic acid, choline chloride:proline:malic acid, betaine:malic acid, malic acid:glucose, malic acid:glucose:glycerol, choline chloride:citric acid, and betaine:citric acid) were measured as functions of temperature and water content. In general, the structure of prepared NADES greatly influences their physical properties, which could be successfully modified and adjusted by addition of water. All tested NADES were absolutely benign and noncorrosive for investigated steel X6CrNiTi18-10. Furthermore, cytotoxicity of prepared solvents was assessed toward three human cell lines (HEK-293T, HeLa, and MCF-7 cells), and antioxidative activity was measured by the Oxygen Radical Absorbance Capacity (ORAC) method. With regard to cell viability, all tested NADES containing carboxylic acid could be classified as practically harmless and considered environmentally safe. The ORAC values indicated that the tested NADES displayed antioxidative activity.

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Characterization of Molecular Modified Surface States by Wavelength- and Time-Dependent Two-Photon Photoemission Spectroscopy

The Journal of Physical Chemistry B ◽

10.1021/jp9700802 ◽

1997 ◽

Vol 101 (20) ◽

pp. 4085-4089 ◽

Cited By ~ 2

Author(s):

A. Kadyshevitch ◽

R. Naaman ◽

R. Cohen ◽

D. Cahen ◽

J. Libman ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Surface States ◽

Time Dependent ◽

Photoemission Spectroscopy ◽

Two Photon ◽

Modified Surface

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Time-Dependent Rheological Behavior of Fluids For Electronics Packaging

Journal of Electronic Packaging ◽

10.1115/1.2056568 ◽

2005 ◽

Vol 127 (4) ◽

pp. 370-374 ◽

Cited By ~ 5

Author(s):

X. B. Chen

Keyword(s):

Rheological Behavior ◽

Printed Circuit Boards ◽

Flow Behavior ◽

Electronics Packaging ◽

Time Dependent ◽

Circuit Boards ◽

Printed Circuit ◽

Fluid Behavior ◽

Surface Mounting

In electronics packaging, one of the key processes is dispensing fluid materials, such as adhesive, epoxy, encapsulant, onto substrates or printed circuit boards for the purpose of surface mounting or encapsulation. In order to precisely control the dispensing process, the understanding and characterization of the flow behavior of the fluid being dispensed is very important, as the behavior can have a significant influence on the dispensing process. However, this task has proven to be very challenging due to the fact that the fluids for electronics packaging usually exhibit the time-dependent rheological behavior, which has not been well defined in literature. In the paper a study on the characterization of the time-dependent rheological behavior of the fluids for electronics packaging is presented. In particular, a model is developed based on structural theory and then applied to the characterization of the decay and recovery of fluid behavior, which happen in the dispensing process due to the interruption of process. Experiments are carried out to verify the effectiveness of the model developed.

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