scholarly journals The wide distribution and horizontal transfers of beta satellite DNA in eukaryotes

Genomics ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 112 (6) ◽  
pp. 5295-5304
Author(s):  
Jiawen Yang ◽  
Bin Yuan ◽  
Yu Wu ◽  
Meiyu Li ◽  
Jian Li ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Satellite Dna ◽  
Wide Distribution ◽  
Horizontal Transfers

scholarly journals The Wide Distribution and Horizontal Transfers of Beta Satellite DNA in Eukaryotes

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yabin Guo ◽  
Jiawen Yang ◽  
Bin Yuan ◽  
Yu Wu ◽  
Meiyu Li ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Satellite Dna ◽  
Genome Stability ◽  
Wide Distribution ◽  
Whole Genome Sequencing Data ◽  
Sequencing Data ◽  
Satellite Dnas ◽  
Dna Elements ◽  
New Ideas ◽  
Genome Assemblies ◽  
Horizontal Transfers

Abstract Beta satellite DNA (satDNA) sequences, also known as Sau3A sequences, are repeated DNA elements reported in human and primate genomes. Beta satDNAs may play roles in genome stability and chromosome segregation during mitosis. It is previously thought that beta satDNAs originated in old world monkeys and bursted in great apes. However, global and high-throughput studies on beta satDNAs are still absent.Results: In this study, we searched 7,821 genome assemblies of 3,767 eukaryotic species and found that beta satDNAs actually are widely distributed across eukaryotes. The four major branches of eukaryotes, animals, fungi, plants and Harosa/SAR, all have multiple clades containing beta satDNAs. These results were also confirmed by searching whole genome sequencing data (SRA) and PCR assay. Beta satDNA might have originated during the early evolution of eukaryotes. The widely patchy distribution of beta satDNAs across eukaryotes presents a typical scenario of multiple horizontal transfers (HT). In contrast, beta satDNA sequences were found in all the primate clades, Primatomorpha and Euarchonta, indicating an origin in the common ancestor and vertical transfers thereafter. Besides in eukaryotes, beta satDNAs were even found in some archaea and bacteria, which should have been acquired from eukaryotes via HTs.Conclusion:Beta satDNAs widely exist in eukaryotes. The current distribution landscape of beta satDNA is the result of countless HTs. Our study shows for the first time that satellite DNAs can also undergo HT, and will provide new ideas for the future investigations in HT/HGT field.Keywords: Beta satellite DNA, Sau3A sequences, Eukaryotes, Horizontal gene transfer, Primates

scholarly journals The wide distribution and horizontal transfers of beta satellite DNA in eukaryotes

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jiawen Yang ◽  
Bin Yuan ◽  
Yu Wu ◽  
Meiyu Li ◽  
Jian Li ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Dna Sequences ◽  
Satellite Dna ◽  
Common Ancestor ◽  
Wide Distribution ◽  
Whole Genome Sequencing Data ◽  
Sequencing Data ◽  
Eukaryotic Species ◽  
Genome Assemblies ◽  
Horizontal Transfers ◽  
Typical Scenario

AbstractBeta satellite DNA (satDNA), also known as Sau3A sequences, are repeated DNA sequences reported in human and primate genomes. It is previously thought that beta satDNAs originated in old world monkeys and bursted in great apes. In this study, we searched 7,821 genome assemblies of 3,767 eukaryotic species and found that beta satDNAs are widely distributed across eukaryotes. The four major branches of eukaryotes, animals, fungi, plants and Harosa/SAR, all have multiple clades containing beta satDNAs. These results were also confirmed by searching whole genome sequencing data (SRA) and PCR assay. Beta satDNA sequences were found in all the primate clades, as well as in Dermoptera and Scandentia, indicating that the beta satDNAs in primates might originate in the common ancestor of Primatomorpha or Euarchonta. In contrast, the widely patchy distribution of beta satDNAs across eukaryotes presents a typical scenario of multiple horizontal transfers.One-sentence summaryBeta satDNAs in Opimoda could be result of HT from Diaphoretickes and those in primates might have originated in common ancestor of Primatomorpha.

Wide distribution of related satellite DNA families within the genus Pimelia (Tenebrionidae)

Genetica ◽  
2006 ◽  
Vol 130 (1) ◽  
pp. 35-42 ◽  
Author(s):  
Branka Bruvo-Mađarić ◽  
Miroslav Plohl ◽  
D. Ugarković
Keyword(s):  
Satellite Dna ◽  
Wide Distribution

scholarly journals Genome-Wide Distribution of Novel Ta-3A1 Mini-Satellite Repeats and Its Use for Chromosome Identification in Wheat and Related Species

Agronomy ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 9 (2) ◽  
pp. 60 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tao Lang ◽  
Guangrong Li ◽  
Zhihui Yu ◽  
Jiwei Ma ◽  
Qiheng Chen ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Satellite Dna ◽  
Tandem Repeats ◽  
Chromosomal Rearrangements ◽  
Wide Distribution ◽  
Fish Analysis ◽  
Satellite Repeats ◽  
Genome Wide ◽  
Rapid Sequence ◽  
Group 5

A large proportion of the genomes of grasses is comprised of tandem repeats (TRs), which include satellite DNA. A mini-satellite DNA sequence with a length of 44 bp, named Ta-3A1, was found to be highly accumulated in wheat genome, as revealed by a comprehensive sequence analysis. The physical distribution of Ta-3A1 in chromosomes 3A, 5A, 5B, 5D, and 7A of wheat was confirmed by nondenaturing fluorescence in situ hybridization (ND-FISH) after labeling the oligonucleotide probe. The analysis of monomer variants indicated that rapid sequence amplification of Ta-3A1 occurred first on chromosomes of linkage group 5, then groups 3 and 7. Comparative ND-FISH analysis suggested that rapid changes occurred in copy number and chromosomal locations of Ta-3A1 among the different species in the tribe Triticeae, which may have been associated with chromosomal rearrangements during speciation and polyploidization. The labeling and subsequent use of Ta-3A1 by ND-FISH may assist in the precise identification and documentation of novel wheat germplasm engineered by chromosome manipulation.

Immune Electron Microscopy (IEM) of a Canine Adeno-Associated Virus

1974 ◽  
Vol 32 ◽  
pp. 256-257
Author(s):  
Gunter F. Thomas ◽  
M. David Hoggan
Keyword(s):  
Electron Microscopy ◽  
Cell Cultures ◽  
Complement Fixation ◽  
Hepatitis Virus ◽  
Wide Distribution ◽  
Immune Electron Microscopy ◽  
Adeno Associated Virus ◽  
Virus Like Particle ◽  
Dog Kidney ◽  
Green Monkeys

In 1968, Sugimura and Yanagawa described a small 25 nm virus like particle in association with the Matsuda strain of infectious canine hepatitis virus (ICHV). Domoto and Yanagawa showed that this particle was dependent on ICHV for its replication in primary dog kidney cell cultures (PDK) and was resistant to heating at 70°C for 10 min, and concluded that it was a canine adeno-associated virus (CAAV). Later studies by Onuma and Yanagawa compared CAAV with the known human serotypes (AAV 1, 2, 3) and AAV-4, known to be associated with African Green Monkeys. Using the complement fixation (CF) test, they found that CAAV was serologically related to AAV-3 and had wide distribution in the dog population of Japan.

RAPID IN VITRO PROPAGATION OF WESTERN GHATS CULTIVAR - COLOCASIA ESCULENTA FOR THE HIGH FREQUENCY OF PLANTLETS

2019 ◽  
Vol 7 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Jyothi R ◽  
Srinivasa Murthy K M ◽  
Hossein . ◽  
Veena .
Keyword(s):  
Tissue Culture ◽  
Wide Distribution ◽  
Colocasia Esculenta ◽  
Limiting Factor ◽  
Promising Alternative ◽  
Rapid Multiplication ◽  
Medical Plant ◽  
Total Fat ◽  
Planting Materials

Colocasia esculenta is commonly known as Taro, it is referred to as cocoyam in Nigeria. They are cherished for their rich taste, nutritional and medicinal properties. Every 100 g of taro corms possess 112 Kcal, 26.46 g carbohydrate, 1.50 g protein, 0.20 g total fat and 4.1g fiber (USDA National Nutrient Data Base). Besides its nutritional value, taro is used as a medical plant and provides bioactive compounds used as an anti-cancer drugs. Traditionally, cocoyams are vegetative propagated from tuber fragments, a practice that encourages pathogen distribution. Colocasia esculenta is a widely distributed food crop in the humid tropics and subtropics. Despite of its wide distribution, Taro plants are commonly infected with DsMV and other pathogens. This virus induces conspicuous mosaic, malformation, dwarfing or feathering on leaves in taro. As the results of infection, it reduces the quality and yield of taro production greatly. This virus is thus considered as a major limiting factor in the production of taro. Here plays the importance of  tissue culture plays a major role in producing the disease resistant plants round the year with high quality. For rapid multiplication and production of quality planting materials, tissue culture technology offers promising alternative compared to the traditional production methods. KEYWORDS: Colocasia esculenta, Virus, Pathogens, Conventional propagation, Micropropagation, Yield, Rapid multiplication, Quality

Ecology and biogeography in the introduction to “De bestiis marinis” by Georg Wilhelm Steller

2019 ◽  
Vol 46 (1) ◽  
pp. 63-74
Author(s):  
Stefano Mattioli
Keyword(s):  
Body Size ◽  
Phenotypic Plasticity ◽  
Geographical Distribution ◽  
Functional Traits ◽  
Marine Mammals ◽  
Main Part ◽  
Wide Distribution ◽  
Restricted Range ◽  
Direct Influence ◽  
Modern Biology

The rediscovery of the original, unedited Latin manuscript of Georg Wilhelm Steller's “De bestiis marinis” (“On marine mammals”), first published in 1751, calls for a new translation into English. The main part of the treatise contains detailed descriptions of four marine mammals, but the introduction is devoted to more general issues, including innovative speculation on morphology, ecology and biogeography, anticipating arguments and concepts of modern biology. Steller noted early that climate and food have a direct influence on body size, pelage and functional traits of mammals, potentially affecting reversible changes (phenotypic plasticity). Feeding and other behavioural habits have an impact on the geographical distribution of mammals. Species with a broad diet tend to have a wide distribution, whereas animals with a narrow diet more likely have only a restricted range. According to Steller, both sea and land then still concealed countless animals unknown to science.

Clinical, epidemiological and climatic factors related to the occurrence of cutaneous leishmaniasis in an endemic area in northeastern Brazil

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
R. S. Oliveira ◽  
K. B. A. Pimentel ◽  
M. L. Moura ◽  
C. F. Aragão ◽  
A. S. Guimarães-e-Silva ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cutaneous Leishmaniasis ◽  
Climatic Factors ◽  
Wide Distribution ◽  
Northeastern Brazil ◽  
Public Health Issue ◽  
Air Humidity ◽  
Disease Occurrence ◽  
Relative Air Humidity ◽  
Age Range ◽  
And Control

Abstract Cutaneous leishmaniasis (CL) is a neglected tropical disease with a wide distribution in the Americas. Brazil is an endemic country and present cases in all states. This study aimed to describe the occurrence, the underlying clinical and epidemiological factors, and the correlation of climatic variables with the frequency of reported CL cases in the municipality of Caxias, state of Maranhão, Brazil. This is a retrospective and descriptive epidemiological study based on data extracted from the Brazilian Information System of Diseases Notification, from 2007 to 2017. Maximum and minimum temperature, precipitation, and relative air humidity data were provided by the Brazilian National Institute of Meteorology. A total of 201 reported autochthonous CL cases were analyzed. The predominance of cases was observed in males (70.1%). The age range between 31 and 60 years old was the most affected, with 96 cases (47.9%). Of the total number of registered cases, 38.8% of the affected individuals were engaged in agriculture-related activities. The georeferenced distribution revealed the heterogeneity of disease occurrence, with cases concentrated in the Western and Southern regions of the municipality. An association was detected between relative air humidity (monthly mean) and the number of CL cases per month (p = 0.04). CL continues to be a concerning public health issue in Caxias. In this context, there is a pressing need to strengthen measures of prevention and control of the disease through the network of health services of the municipality, considering local and regional particularities.

IDENTIFIKASI JENIS JAMUR PATOGEN UNTUK PENGENDALIAN RAYAP TANAH Coptotermes sp.

PERENNIAL ◽  
2010 ◽  
Vol 6 (1) ◽  
pp. 33
Author(s):  
Astuti Arif ◽  
. Syahidah ◽  
Sitti Nuraeni
Keyword(s):  
Key Words ◽  
Pathogenic Fungi ◽  
Wide Distribution ◽  
Subterranean Termite ◽  
The World ◽  
Identification Of Fungi ◽  
Screening And Identification ◽  
Termite Attack ◽  
Penicillium Brevicompactum ◽  
Aspergillus Sp

Fungi have a great diversity and wide distribution at the world. It can be used as the alternative technology for controlling of subterranean termite attack, particularly genus Coptotermes knowned as the wooden destructive organism, by using entomophatogenic fungi. For the purpose of the study, several isolate sources were taken from some locations. The results show that eight numbers of pathogenic fungi was founded by screening and identification of fungi taken from 19 numbers of isolate sources. The pathogenic fungi were Beauveria sp., Penicillium brevicompactum, P. rubrum, Paecilomyces fulvus, Fusarium verticolloides, Pythium sp., and Aspergillus sp. Key words: Jamur entomopatogen, Coptotermes sp.

COMPARATIVE ANALYSIS OF BIOACTIVE SUBSTANCES CONTENT IN THE LEAVES AND FRUITS OF A ROWAN-TREE (SORBUS AUCUPARIA FRUCTUS) AND ASSESSMENT OF PROSPECTS IN MEDICINE AND PHARMACY

2020 ◽  
pp. 58-62
Author(s):  
Chernichkina A.D.
Keyword(s):  
Raw Materials ◽  
Wide Distribution ◽  
Biologically Active ◽  
Bioactive Substances ◽  
Plant Raw Materials ◽  
Mountain Ash ◽  
The Russian Federation ◽  
Materials Used ◽  
Active Substances ◽  
Pectin Substances

A large number of biologically active substances, organic acids, tannins, and pectin substances were detected during the study of fruits, leaves, and pulp of the fruits of mountain Ash. The content of these substances in leaves and pulp will significantly expand the arsenal of medicinal plant raw materials used. Given the wide distribution of mountain Ash in the territory of the Russian Federation, harvesting leaves from the same plants after harvesting the fruit and using pulp will make it possible to obtain new phytopreparations.

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