P-052: Blood pressure and serum parameters in overweight children compared with normal-weight children in Oran

2015 ◽  
Vol 64 ◽  
pp. S41
Author(s):  
L. Ghomari ◽  
H. Ghomari Boukhatem ◽  
M. Bouchenak
Keyword(s):  
Blood Pressure ◽  
Normal Weight ◽  
Overweight Children ◽  
Serum Parameters

scholarly journals Association between WHO cut-offs for childhood overweight and obesity and cardiometabolic risk

2012 ◽  
Vol 16 (4) ◽  
pp. 625-630 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mercedes de Onis ◽  
Cecilia Martínez-Costa ◽  
Francisco Núñez ◽  
Georges Nguefack-Tsague ◽  
Angeles Montal ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Blood Pressure ◽  
Uric Acid ◽  
Cardiovascular Risk ◽  
Hdl Cholesterol ◽  
Normal Weight ◽  
Overweight And Obesity ◽  
Overweight Children ◽  
Childhood Overweight And Obesity ◽  
High Insulin ◽  
Mean Differences

AbstractObjectiveTo examine the association between cardiovascular risk and childhood overweight and obesity using the BMI cut-offs recommended by the WHO.DesignChildren were classified as normal weight, overweight and obese according to the WHO BMI-for-age reference. Blood pressure, lipids, glucose, insulin, homeostasis model assessment–insulin resistance (HOMA-IR) and uric acid levels were compared across BMI groups. ANOVA and tests of linearity were used to assess overall mean differences across groups. Crude and adjusted odds ratios were calculated for adverse plasma levels of biochemical variables.SettingPaediatric care centres.SubjectsChildren (n 149) aged 8–18 years.ResultsAbout 37 %, 22 % and 41 % of children were classified respectively as normal weight, overweight and obese. There were significant linear mean differences between BMI groups in systolic blood pressure, HDL-cholesterol, TAG, insulin, HOMA-IR and uric acid. Obese children were 10·6 times more likely than normal-weight children to have hypertension; OR for other associations were 60·2 (high insulin), 39·5 (HOMA-IR), 27·9 (TAG), 16·0 (HDL-cholesterol), 4·3 (LDL-cholesterol) and 3·6 (uric acid). Overweight children were more likely than normal-weight children to have hypertension (OR = 3·5), high insulin (OR = 28·2), high HOMA-IR (OR = 23·3) and high TAG (OR = 16·1). Nearly 92 % and 57 % of the obese and overweight children, respectively, had one or more risk factor.ConclusionsObesity and overweight defined using the WHO BMI-for-age cut-offs identified children with higher metabolic and vascular risk. These results emphasize the importance of prevention of overweight and obesity in childhood to reduce cardiovascular risk.

scholarly journals Blood Pressure Profile and Hypertension in Urban Adolescents: Need for Cognisance

2014 ◽  
Vol 34 (2) ◽  
pp. 85-89 ◽  
Author(s):  
Dharmajeet Singh Faujdar ◽  
Renuka Kunte ◽  
Rajvir Bhalwar
Keyword(s):  
Blood Pressure ◽  
Urban Area ◽  
School Health ◽  
Pressure Profile ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Normal Weight ◽  
Overweight Children ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Adolescent Students ◽  
The Mean

Objective: To find the profile of blood pressure and the prevalence of hypertension in adolescents in an urban area. Methods: A cross sectional study was carried out in Adolescent students in the age group of 11-17 years, in a school in an urban area of Pune, belonging to upper socioeconomic group to measure their blood pressure and anthropometric parameters.Results: The mean SBP and DBP in both boys and girls were found to increase with increasing age and anthropometric measurements. The prevalence of hypertension was 12.23% in boys and 10.1% in girls and the prevalence of overweight as per BMI was 19.14% in boys and 18.62% in girls. The prevalence of hypertension observed in overweight children (36.1% in boys 30.8% in girls) was significantly (p<0.000) higher than normal weight children (6.5% in boys and 5.36% in girls). Among the anthropometric variables only weight & BMI had moderately strong correlation with SBP(r-0.559 &0.506).Conclusion: Hypertension is prevalent among adolescent population and overweight/obesity has been found to play a crucial role in predicting rise in BP in them. It is recommended bp monitoring be made mandatory part of school health services programme for early detection & instituting preventive measures.DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3126/jnps.v34i2.10743J Nepal Paediatr Soc 2014;34(2):85-89

scholarly journals Trends in the prevalence of hypertension among children and adolescents during 2000-2014.

2017 ◽  
Vol 12 (47) ◽  
pp. 77-116
Author(s):  
Arely Vergara Castañeda ◽  
Avril Zavaleta Rodríguez ◽  
Rosario Ayala Moreno ◽  
Laura Martino Roaro
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
Blood Pressure ◽  
Nutritional Status ◽  
Children And Adolescents ◽  
Public Health Problem ◽  
The United States ◽  
Normal Weight ◽  
Overweight Children ◽  
Lack Of Information ◽  
Childhood Hypertension

Hypertension has been cited as a major risk factor of morbidity and mortality related to cardiovascular diseases and it is considered a public health problem worldwide. There is a lack of information regarding the real prevalence of hypertension among children and adolescents because blood pressure assessment is not considered part of the routine clinical assessment in this population.The aim of this study was analyze the reported prevalence of hypertension in children and adolescents according gender and nutritional status during the period 2000-2014.Methods: A systematic review focused on the assessment of high blood pressure was conducted. Only original articles were selected on the basis of strict inclusion and details and reviewed by pairs. 98 studies met the inclusion criteria. Computerized searches were completed using multiple databases.Results: Nutritional status strongly influences whether children are more likely to have hypertension. However this condition is not the same for overweight children in the United States that have less hypertension than obese children or the adolescents in Asia that the same effect occur. In the case of sex, it was observed that boys in most of the regions are more likely to have hypertension, however this change in the United States and in Africa where girls suffer more of hypertension. According with the age, there are more cases of hypertension among adolescents  than in children, where Latin America reported the highest level of hypertension.Conclusion: The data indicated that despite differences between regions, childhood hypertension has increased in the course of 14 years and it is higher among boys (36.69%) than girls (35.87%), and is also affect by the nutritional status of individuals (37.29% normal weight, 49.49% obese and 68.55% overweight). The reporting of prevalence among children and adolescents around the world need to be improved considerably in order to diminish the inconsistences. 

scholarly journals Vitamin D In Pediatric Patients With Obesity And Arterial Hypertension

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Živa Radulović ◽  
Zarja Polak Zupan ◽  
Aljoša Tomazini ◽  
Nataša Marčun Varda
Keyword(s):  
Blood Pressure ◽  
Vitamin D ◽  
Pediatric Patients ◽  
Pearson Correlation ◽  
Serum Vitamin ◽  
Normal Weight ◽  
Apolipoprotein A1 ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Overweight Children ◽  
Vitamin D Levels

Abstract Aim The purpose of this study was finding potential discrepancies in vitamin D levels between different groups: overweight children with hypertension, normal-weight children with hypertension, overweight children and normal-weight children without hypertension –control group. We also wanted to determine whether there are correlations between vitamin D levels and other clinical laboratory parameters, to evaluate the need for substitution. Methods We measured vitamin D, homocysteine, total cholesterol, HDL, LDL, triglycerides, uric acid, glucose, apolipoprotein A1, apolipoprotein B, alkaline phosphatase, calcium, phosphate and magnesium serum levels in all groups. We also took anthropometric measurements (body weight, height, BMI) and observed patients’ blood pressure. The results were analyzed with SPSS statistic tool with the use of independent t-test, Pearson correlation test and multi-variate analysis of variance (MANOVA). Results The study included 175 children between 5 and 18 years of age. 57 were healthy (group A – control group), 41 normal-weight with hypertension (group B), 44 overweight with hypertension (group C) and 33 overweight (group D). The results showed statistically significant distinction in values of vitamin D between all groups -– A and B (p = 0.003), A and C (p = 0.000), A and D (p = 0.000), B and D (p = 0.043), B and C (0.030), except for groups C and D (p = 0.830). There were statistically significant correlations between vitamin D and BMI (r=-0.196, p = 0.010), systolic pressure (r=-0.190, p = 0.002), diastolic pressure (r=-0.149, p = 0.050), homocysteine (r=-0.208, p = 0.007), triglycerides (r=-0.196, p = 0.011) and apolipoprotein A1 (r = 0.222, p = 0.007) among all groups. Conclusion The pilot study shows significant differences in serum vitamin D levels between all groups of children, apart from groups C and D. these results, combined with statistically significant correlations between vitamin D and systolic and diastolic blood pressure suggest the need for monitoring and potential substitution of vitamin D in in pediatric patients with hypertension and/or overweight children.

Obesity status modifies the association between rs7556897T>C in the intergenic region SLC19A3-CCL20 and blood pressure in French children

2020 ◽  
Vol 58 (11) ◽  
pp. 1819-1827
Author(s):  
Said El Shamieh ◽  
Maria G. Stathopoulou ◽  
Amélie Bonnefond ◽  
Ndeye Coumba Ndiaye ◽  
Cécile Lecoeur ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Blood Pressure ◽  
Adipose Tissue ◽  
Mononuclear Cells ◽  
Population Analysis ◽  
Normal Weight ◽  
Mrna Levels ◽  
Overweight Children ◽  
Peripheral Blood Mononuclear ◽  
Expression Levels ◽  
Obesity Status

AbstractBackgroundGrowing evidence reports an association between inflammatory markers, obesity and blood pressure (BP). Specifically, the intergenic single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) rs7556897T > C (MAF = 0.34) located between SLC19A3 and the CCL20 was shown to be associated with chronic inflammatory diseases. In addition, CCL20 expression was found increased in pancreatic islets of obese rodents and human pancreatic β cells under the influence of inflammation. In this study, we hypothesized that SNP rs7556897 could affect BP levels, thus providing a link between inflammation, BP and obesity.MethodsBP was measured under supine position with a manual sphygmomanometer; values reported were the means of three readings. We analyzed rs7556897 in 577 normal weight and 689 obese French children. Using real-time polymerase chain reaction (PCR), we quantified CCL20 and SLC19A3 expression in adipose tissue and peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) of normal weight and overweight children.ResultsThe rs7556897C allele was negatively associated with diastolic BP in normal weight children (β = −0.012 ± 0.004, p = 0.006) but positively associated in obese children (β = 2.178 ± 0.71, p = 0.002). A significant interaction between rs7556897T > C and the obesity status (obese or normal weight) was detected (β = 3.49, p = 9.79 × 10−5) for BP in a combined population analysis. CCL20 mRNA was only expressed in the adipose tissue of overweight children, and its expression levels were 10.7×  higher in PBMCs of overweight children than normal weight children. Finally, CCL20 mRNA levels were positively associated with rs7556897T > C in PBMCs of 58 normal weight children (β = 0.43, p = 0.002). SLC19A3 was not expressed in PBMCs, and in adipose tissue, it showed same levels of expression in normal weight and overweight children. The gene expression results may highlight a specific involvement of CCL20 via communicating obesity/inflammation pathways that regulate BP.ConclusionsChildhood obesity reverses the effect of rs7556897T > C on diastolic BP, possibly via the modulation of CCL20 expression levels.

scholarly journals Hormonal Blood Pressure Regulation during General Anesthesia Using a Standardized Propofol Dosage in Children and Adolescents Seems Not to Be Affected by Body Weight

2020 ◽  
Vol 9 (7) ◽  
pp. 2129
Author(s):  
Gunther Hempel ◽  
Anne-Marie Maier ◽  
Tobias Piegeler ◽  
Sebastian N. Stehr ◽  
Jürgen Kratzsch ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Blood Pressure ◽  
General Anesthesia ◽  
Hormonal Regulation ◽  
Normal Weight ◽  
Pressure Regulation ◽  
Overweight Children ◽  
Intravenous Anesthesia ◽  
Renin Angiotensin ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Trial Participants

Obesity in pediatric surgical patients is a challenge for the anesthesiologist. Despite potentially beneficial properties, propofol might also induce hypotension. This study examined whether a dose adjustment in overweight children could avoid hypotension and if there would be differences regarding hormonal regulation in children under anesthesia. Fifty-nine children undergoing surgery under general anesthesia were enrolled in this prospective observational trial. Participants were allocated into two groups according to their BMI. The induction of anesthesia was conducted using propofol (“overweight”: 2 mg/kgBW, “regular”: 3.2 mg/kgBW). The maintenance of anesthesia was conducted as total intravenous anesthesia. Hormone levels of renin, angiotensin II, aldosterone, copeptin, norepinephrine and epinephrine were assessed at different timepoints. Blood pressure dropped after the administration of propofol in both groups, with a nadir 2 min after administration—but without a significant difference in the strength of reduction between the two groups. As a reaction, an increase in the plasma levels of renin, angiotensin and aldosterone was observed, while levels of epinephrine, norepinephrine and copeptin dropped. By adjusting the propofol dosage in overweight children, the rate of preincision hypotension could be reduced to the level of normal-weight patients with a non-modified propofol dose. The hormonal counter regulation was comparable in both groups. The release of catecholamines and copeptin as an indicator of arginine vasopressin seemed to be inhibited by propofol.

scholarly journals Pericardial adipose tissue, cardiac structures, and cardiovascular risk factors in school-age children

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Liza Toemen ◽  
Susana Santos ◽  
Arno A W Roest ◽  
Meike W Vernooij ◽  
Willem A Helbing ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Blood Pressure ◽  
Adipose Tissue ◽  
Cardiovascular Risk ◽  
Standard Deviation ◽  
Cardiovascular Risk Factors ◽  
Left Ventricular ◽  
Normal Weight ◽  
Overweight Children ◽  
Pericardial Adipose Tissue

Abstract Aims  We examined the associations of pericardial adipose tissue with cardiac structures and cardiovascular risk factors in children. Methods and results  We performed a cross-sectional analysis in a population-based cohort study among 2892 children aged 10 years (2404 normal weight and 488 overweight/obese). Pericardial adipose tissue mass was estimated by magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) and indexed on height3. Left ventricular mass (LVM) and left ventricular mass-to-volume ratio (LMVR) were estimated by cardiac MRI. Cardiovascular risk factors included android adipose tissue percentage obtained by Dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry, blood pressure and glucose, insulin, cholesterol, and triglycerides concentrations. Adverse outcomes were defined as values above the 75 percentile. Median pericardial adipose tissue index was 3.6 (95% range 1.6–7.1) among normal weight and 4.7 (95% range 2.0–8.9) among overweight children. A one standard deviation (1 SD) higher pericardial adipose tissue index was associated with higher LMVR [0.06 standard deviation scores, 95% confidence interval (CI) 0.02–0.09], increased odds of high android adipose tissue [odd ratio (OR) 2.08, 95% CI 1.89–2.29], high insulin concentrations (OR 1.17, 95% CI 1.06–1.30), an atherogenic lipid profile (OR 1.22, 95% CI 1.11–1.33), and clustering of cardiovascular risk factors (OR 1.56, 95% CI 1.36–1.79). Pericardial adipose tissue index was not associated with LVM, blood pressure, and glucose concentrations. The associations showed largely the same directions but tended to be weaker among normal weight than among overweight children. Conclusion  Pericardial adipose tissue is associated with cardiac adaptations and cardiovascular risk factors already in childhood in both normal weight and overweight children.

scholarly journals Vitamin D in pediatric patients with obesity and arterial hypertension

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Živa Radulović ◽  
Zarja Polak Zupan ◽  
Aljoša Tomazini ◽  
Nataša Marčun Varda
Keyword(s):  
Blood Pressure ◽  
Vitamin D ◽  
Pediatric Patients ◽  
Normal Weight ◽  
Apolipoprotein A1 ◽  
Normal Blood ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Overweight Children ◽  
Normal Blood Pressure ◽  
Vitamin D Levels

AbstractThe purpose of this study was to find potential differences in vitamin D levels between different groups: overweight children with hypertension, normal-weight children with hypertension, overweight children with normal blood pressure and normal-weight children without hypertension, representing the control group. We also wanted to determine whether there are correlations between vitamin D levels and other clinical laboratory parameters, to evaluate the potential need for substitution. We measured vitamin D, homocysteine, total cholesterol, HDL, LDL, triglycerides, uric acid, glucose, apolipoprotein A1, apolipoprotein B, alkaline phosphatase, calcium, phosphate and magnesium serum levels in all groups. We also took anthropometric measurements (body weight, height, body mass index (BMI)) and observed patients’ blood pressure. The results were analyzed with SPSS statistic tool with basic statistical methods. The study included 175 children between 5 and 18 years of age. Fiftyseven were healthy (group A—control group), 41 normal-weight with hypertension (group B), 44 overweight with hypertension (group C) and 33 overweight with normal blood pressure (group D). The results showed statistically significant differences in values of vitamin D between all groups—A and B (p = 0.003), A and C (p < 0.001), A and D (p < 0.001), B and D (p = 0.043), B and C (0.030), except for groups C and D (p = 0.830). There were statistically significant correlations between vitamin D and BMI (r = − 0.196, p = 0.010), systolic pressure (r = − 0.190, p = 0.002), diastolic pressure (r = − 0.149, p = 0.050), homocysteine (r = − 0.208, p = 0.007), triglycerides (r = − 0.196, p = 0.011) and apolipoprotein A1 (r = 0.222, p = 0.007), confirmed in multivariate model. For the blood pressure, the higher the systolic blood pressure, the lower the average vitamin D was. The pilot study shows significant differences in serum vitamin D levels between all groups of children, apart from groups C and D. These results, combined with statistically significant correlations between vitamin D and systolic and diastolic blood pressure suggest the need for monitoring and potential substitution of vitamin D in in pediatric patients with hypertension.

scholarly journals Telomere Length as a Biomarker for Race-Related Health Disparities

Genes ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 12 (1) ◽  
pp. 78
Author(s):  
Vaithinathan Selvaraju ◽  
Megan Phillips ◽  
Anna Fouty ◽  
Jeganathan Ramesh Babu ◽  
Thangiah Geetha
Keyword(s):  
Blood Pressure ◽  
Telomere Length ◽  
Diastolic Pressure ◽  
Systolic Pressure ◽  
Single Copy ◽  
Normal Weight ◽  
Length Ratio ◽  
Hierarchical Regression ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
The Usa

Disparities between the races have been well documented in health and disease in the USA. Recent studies show that telomere length, a marker of aging, is associated with obesity and obesity-related diseases, such as heart disease and diabetes. The current study aimed to evaluate the connection between telomere length ratio, blood pressure, and childhood obesity. The telomere length ratio was measured in 127 children from both European American (EA) and African American (AA) children, aged 6–10 years old. AA children had a significantly high relative telomere to the single copy gene (T/S) ratio compared to EA children. There was no significant difference in the T/S ratio between normal weight (NW) and overweight/obese (OW/OB) groups of either race. Blood pressure was significantly elevated in AA children with respect to EA children. Hierarchical regression analysis adjusted for race, gender, and age expressed a significant relationship between the T/S ratio and diastolic pressure. Low T/S ratio participants showed a significant increase in systolic pressure, while a high T/S ratio group showed an increase in diastolic pressure and heart rate of AA children. In conclusion, our findings show that AA children have high T/S ratio compared to EA children. The high T/S ratio is negatively associated with diastolic pressure.

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