The effects of rapid rearing and early calving on the subsequent performance of dairy heifers

1979 ◽  
Vol 29 (1) ◽  
pp. 131-142 ◽  
Author(s):  
W. Little ◽  
R. M. Kay
Keyword(s):  
Body Weight ◽  
Body Weight Gain ◽  
Single Group ◽  
Subsequent Performance ◽  
Dairy Heifers ◽  
Body Weights ◽  
High Incidence ◽  
Group A ◽  
Group B ◽  
Average Body

ABSTRACT1. One-hundred-and-ten British Friesian, British Friesian × Ayrshire or successive backcrosses to British Friesian heifer calves were allocated to three groups. Groups A and B were rapidly reared and fed a barley-beef diet which resulted in mean body-weight gains exceeding 1 kg/day (13 to 39 weeks) and group C was normally reared on summer grazing and hay plus concentrates in winter at a mean body-weight gain never exceeding 0·74 kg/day. Animals in group A were first mated at an average age of 42·9 weeks (body weight, 302 kg). Groups B and C were mated later at average ages of 78·4 and 78·1 weeks (average body weights, 443 and 353 kg respectively). After the first calving all animals were fed and managed as a single group.2. There were no significant differences between the proportion of heifers conceiving at first service in groups A (55·5%), B (66·7%) and C (72·4%).3. There were no differences in the incidence of dystocia at first calving in heifers served by an Aberdeen Angus bull but 12 out of 19 heifers in group A served by a British Friesian bull had dystocia.4. Average 305-day fat-corrected milk yields in the first four lactations in group A (18 animals) were 1959, 2918, 3545 and 3210 kg and in the first three lactations in group B were2450,3216and3310kgand in group C 3863,4694 and 4813 kg. Thus milk yield was significantly lower in all lactations for rapidly-reared animals irrespective of the age at breeding and was further significantly lowered in the first lactation of animals mated early.5. There was a high incidence of laminitis and bloat in heifers reared on the barley-beef diet, but during lactation, there was a lower incidence of mastitis in the lower-yielding, rapidly-reared groups.

scholarly journals Comparative study of the performance of buffalo calves and cow calves by feeding Urea Molasses Block with straw based diet

1970 ◽  
Vol 8 (1) ◽  
pp. 87-90
Author(s):  
S Ferdousi ◽  
AKM Masum ◽  
MAS Khan ◽  
MA Islam
Keyword(s):  
Body Weight ◽  
Body Length ◽  
Body Weight Gain ◽  
The Body ◽  
Buffalo Calves ◽  
Final Body Weight ◽  
Height Gain ◽  
Group A ◽  
Group B ◽  
Average Body

An experiment was conducted to evaluate the performance of buffalo calves and cow calves supplementing Urea Molasses Block (UMB) with straw based diet. Three cow calves (average 1 year & 8 months age and 111 kg body weight) and three buffalo calves (average 1 year & 10 months age and 89 kg body weight) were grouped into A and B, respectively and fed for 60 days. It was found that, the DMI (kg/h/d) was 5.66±1.18 and 6.10±0.99, respectively in group A and B (p>0.05). The DMI in 1st and 2nd fortnight of the experiment in group A and B were 5.77±0.31 and 6.17±0.33; 4.96±0.43 and 5.77±0.39, respectively (p<0.01). But, the DMI in 3rd and 4th fortnight differs nonsignificantly (p>0.05). At the end of the experiment, the final body weight for group A and group B were 132.6±11.96 and 113±8.19 kg, respectively (p>0.05). The body weight gain per day for both groups were 0.36±0.05 and 0.40±0.05 kg, respectively (p>0.05). The average heart girth gain per day in group A and group B were 0.24±0.02 and 0.30±0.03 cm, respectively (p>0.05). The average wither height gain per day was 0.075±0.005 and 0.059±0.005 cm in group A and B, respectively (p<0.05). The average body length gain per day for group A and group B were 0.31±0.03 and 0.36±0.04 cm, respectively (p>0.05). The growth performance of buffalo calves is better than cow calves by feeding UMB with straw based diet. Keywords: UMB; Body weight; Heart girth; Wither height; Body length DOI: 10.3329/jbau.v8i1.6404J. Bangladesh Agril. Univ. 8(1): 87-90, 2010

scholarly journals Effect of Isosporiasis Prevention with Toltrazuril on Long-Term Pig Performance

2012 ◽  
Vol 2012 ◽  
pp. 1-4 ◽  
Author(s):  
K. Rypula ◽  
M. Porowski ◽  
J. Kaba ◽  
M. Gorczykowski ◽  
A. Deniz
Keyword(s):  
Weight Gain ◽  
Positive Impact ◽  
Body Weight Gain ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Body Weights ◽  
Group A ◽  
Pig Performance ◽  
Group B ◽  
Group D ◽  
Average Body

The efficacy of toltrazuril treatment was assessed in two experiments in Polish swine herds. Experiment 1 included a toltrazuril treatment group, Group A (n=410), and untreated control, Group B (n=386). Time to sale in Group A was 108 days versus 120 days for Group B, with average body weights at sale of 114.2 kg and 108.8 kg, respectively (P<0.05). In experiment 2, the health status and body weight gain of 238 piglets treated with toltrazuril (Group D) were compared to 235 untreated piglets (Group K). A similar difference was observed in average body weights of slaughtered animals, being on average 104 kg in Group D and 101 kg in Group K (P<0.01). Animals from Group D were slaughtered 5 days earlier than animals from Group K (day 166 versus day 171). Data from clinical trials suggest treatment of coccidiosis with toltrazuril offering potential for improved animal welfare and yields, however this has remained unproven in field conditions in large swine production facilities. The present study confirms the efficacy of toltrazuril treatment when used in the field and the subsequent positive impact on time to weaning, time to market, and on weight gain at all time points.

scholarly journals Effects of edible fats and oils on the body weight gain and on weights of some selected organs in rats removing the impact of unequal feed intake

1970 ◽  
pp. 107-110
Author(s):  
N Ahmad ◽  
S Majumder ◽  
MA Miah ◽  
MJ Uddin
Keyword(s):  
Body Weight ◽  
Weight Gain ◽  
Feed Intake ◽  
Body Weight Gain ◽  
Fats And Oils ◽  
Male Rats ◽  
Edible Fats ◽  
Group A ◽  
Group B ◽  
The Impact

An investigation on Long Evans male rats fed with different edible fats and oils was conducted in the Department of Physiology, Bangladesh Agricultural University, Mymensingh during a period of 7 weeks (1st April to 19th May, 2005) to determine and to compare the effect of feeds on body weight gain and on weights of some selected organs (heart, liver and kidney) removing the impact of unequal feed intake. A total of 20, six-week old male rats were randomly divided into A, B, C and D groups. Each group consisted of 5 rats. Rats were fed rat pellets purchased from ICDDR,B, Dhaka supplemented with beef fat in group A, fish fat in group B and soybean oil in group C while group D was considered as control and fed only with rat pellets. The concentration of fats and oils were 7% of normal diet and fed for 7 weeks. The highest weekly mean body weight gain (19.90g) adjusted for unequal feed intake was achieved by the rats of beef fat supplemented group A, followed by the rats of soybean oil supplemented group C (19.76g) and fish fat supplemented group B (15.67g). But none of the adjusted means of weekly body weight gain differed significantly (p > 0.05) from the control. Insignificant increases in heart weight were recorded in all treated rats and the maximum weight was in fish oil treated ones. Not much differences were recorded in the kidney weights rather beef oil treated rats' kidney had the lowest mean weight. A significantly (p < 0.01) higher liver weight was recorded in group B & C compared to control (group D), though the differences between A & D were insignificant. It could be concluded that fats and oils are harmful for the rat's body especially on liver and heart. Key words: Edible fats and oils, rat, body weight, organ weight, analysis of variance, covariance DOI = 10.3329/bjvm.v5i1.1326 Bangl. J. Vet. Med. (2007). 5 (1 & 2): 107-110

How growth parameters of sexed native Aseel chickens affected when fed with selenium supplemented diets during three growth phases

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
Waseem Muhammad Zia ◽  
Anjum Khalique ◽  
Saima Naveed ◽  
Jibran Hussain
Keyword(s):  
Body Weight ◽  
Weight Gain ◽  
Growth Parameters ◽  
Body Weight Gain ◽  
Control Diet ◽  
Growth Phases ◽  
Feed Conversion ◽  
Treatment Groups ◽  
Group A ◽  
Group B

In total, 240 three-weeks-old sexed birds (191.06±6.01g), 120 + 120 from Lakha, Mushki, Peshaweri and Mianwali varieties of local Aseel were used to determine the influence of selenium forms on growth during three growth phases. Birds were divided into four equal groups, 60 birds/variety (30 + 30 ), further subdivided into A, B and C treatment groups, 10 bids/treatment. Each group was allocated starter, grower and finisher diets. Group A was offered the diet supplemented with 0.3 ppm Se-enriched yeast and the diet of group B included 0.3 ppm sodium selenite, while group C was fed with un-supplemented control diet. Birds were maintained individually for 18 weeks. Feed intake was decreased, while, body weight gain, feed conversion ratio (FCR) and body weight gain were improved in males and females of Lakha, while best results detected in males during all growth phases in Se-enriched yeast fed groups. In conclusion, Se-enriched yeast had the positive effect in improving growth parameters of native Aseel.

scholarly journals Effects of growth promoter and multivitamin-mineral premix supplementation on body weight gain in broiler chickens

2013 ◽  
Vol 10 (2) ◽  
pp. 245-248 ◽  
Author(s):  
MA Rahman ◽  
MS Parvin ◽  
RR Sarker ◽  
MT Islam
Keyword(s):  
Body Weight ◽  
Weight Gain ◽  
Broiler Chickens ◽  
Body Weight Gain ◽  
The Body ◽  
Growth Promoter ◽  
Commercial Feed ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Group A ◽  
Group B

An experiment was conducted at the Khanpura Poultry Farm, near to the Babugonj campus of Patuakhali Science and Technology University, Patuakhali during the period from August to September, 2011 to evaluate the effect of growth promoter and multivitamin-mineral premix on the body weight gain in broiler chickens. A total of 90 ‘Cobb 500’ day-old broiler chickens were randomly divided into three equal groups (n = 30), namely Groups A, B and C. Broiler birds in groups A and B were supplemented with growth promoter and multivitamin-mineral premix, respectively in addition to commercial feed from day 4 till day 25. The dose of both the growth promoter and multivitamin-mineral premix was 2.5 g/kg of feed. Chickens of group C served as control and supplemented with commercial feed only. Body weight was recorded at three times as on day 11, 18 and 25, respectively. The mean body weight was insignificantly (p > 0.05) higher in birds of groups A (992.5±139.6g) and B (978.3±147.0g) than those of group C (926.7±133.2g). The percent increase in body weight gain compare to control was increased in both the supplemented groups (5.8% in group A and 8.8% in group B) though there was no significant difference. Based on the results, it is suggested that supplementation of growth promoter and multivitamin-mineral premix in broilers even after feeding of commercial feed has positive effect on the growth of broilers.DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/jbau.v10i2.14914 J. Bangladesh Agril. Univ. 10(2): 245-248, 2012

scholarly journals Utilization Of Soymilk As Milk Replacer For Calves

1970 ◽  
Vol 38 (1-2) ◽  
pp. 102-107 ◽  
Author(s):  
AKM Masum ◽  
MN Islam ◽  
MAS Khan
Keyword(s):  
Body Weight ◽  
Body Weight Gain ◽  
Total Body Weight ◽  
Dairy Calves ◽  
Cow Milk ◽  
Milk Replacer ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Group A ◽  
Total Body ◽  
Group B

An experiment was conducted to study the utilization of soymilk as milk replacer for raising calves. Nine crossbred calves were selected and divided into three groups on the basis of their body weight and genotype. The calves of group A were reared by cow milk, group B reared by strained soymilk and group C reared by unstrained soymilk. It was found that, total body weight gain of group A, B and C were 13.933 ± 1.222, 13.800 ± 0.917 and 13.233 ± 1.537 Kg, respectively. There was no significant difference among the three groups of calves. Non-significant differences were also seen for increment in wither height (5.588 ± 0.508, 5.419 ± 0.529 and 5.080 ± 0.440 cm, respectively), length (6.096 ± 0.440, 5.927 ± 0.388 and 5.503 ± 0.388 cm, respectively) and heart-girth (5.842 ± 0.440, 5.588 ± 0.916 and 5.419 ± 0.388 cm, respectively) of calves. Economic analysis showed that soymilk was cheaper than cow milk (Tk. 8.0 vs Tk. 44.0). It can be concluded that soymilk as milk replacer could be used successfully for raising dairy calves. DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/bjas.v38i1-2.9918 BJAS 2009; 38(1-2): 102-107

scholarly journals Post-weaning feeding levels on feeding behavior, growth and development in Holstein dairy heifers

2018 ◽  
Vol 48 (3) ◽  
Author(s):  
Emanuel De La Quintana ◽  
Alejandro Mendoza ◽  
Cecilia Cajarville ◽  
Oscar Bentancur ◽  
José Luis Repetto
Keyword(s):  
Body Weight ◽  
Weight Gain ◽  
Experimental Design ◽  
Growth And Development ◽  
Nutrient Intake ◽  
Body Weight Gain ◽  
Daily Weight Gain ◽  
Single Group ◽  
Feeding Level ◽  
Dairy Heifers

ABSTRACT: To study the effect of post-weaning feeding levels on the growth of dairy heifers, 40 animals with 77.7 ± 8.1 days of age and 77.5 ± 9.2kg of body weight were grouped in 10 pens, and each pen was randomly assigned to one of the following treatments for 120 days: feeding level to achieve a body weight gain of 600 (TMEDIUM) or 800 (THIGH) g/day based on a total mixed ration. After this period all heifers were managed as a single group for 150 days. Nutrient intake, behavior, body weight and other morphological measures were recorded in each animal. As a result of the experimental design THIGH heifers had a higher nutrient intake than TMEDIUM heifers, which was reflected in a higher daily weight gain, withers height, heart girth and hip width. However, treatments had no effect on these traits during the residual period.

scholarly journals Effects of Dicalcium Phosphate (DCP) and Vitamin E on Growth Performance and Hemato-Biochemical Parameters in Broilers

2020 ◽  
Vol 2 (2) ◽  
pp. p104
Author(s):  
Tairan Ikbal ◽  
Sumitra Saha
Keyword(s):  
Drinking Water ◽  
Body Weight ◽  
Vitamin E ◽  
Detrimental Effect ◽  
Body Weight Gain ◽  
Experimental Period ◽  
Group A ◽  
Group B ◽  
Vitamin E Supplementation ◽  
Blood Profiles

This study was conducted to assess the effect of DCP and vitamin E supplementation on body weight, hematological- (TEC, Hb content, PCV and ESR) and biochemical (AST and ALT) parameters of “Cobb 500” broiler. A total of 20 chicks (14 days old) were reared and randomly divided into four equal groups (n=5). Body weight was measured at each 7 days interval up to the end of the 35 days of experimental period.  Group A was considered as control, fed with commercial ration. Group B, C and D were treated with 1 gm DCP per kg feed, 1 ml vitamin E per litre of drinking water, and 1 gm DCP per kg feed plus 1 ml vitamin E per litre of drinking water with commercial ration, respectively from day 14 to day 35. It was observed that DCP and vitamin E supplementation significantly (p<0.01) increased body weight. Moreover, TEC and Hb content increased significantly (p<0.01) in the treated groups as compared to control. Besides, ESR, AST and ALT values decreased significantly (p<0.01) in the treated groups. Therefore, it may be concluded that DCP and vitamin E could be used to improve body weight gain and blood profiles without any detrimental effect to liver and muscle on broilers.

The effect of glibenclamide on plasma insulin, plasma somatomedin bioactivity and skeletal growth in hypophysectomized rats

1982 ◽  
Vol 101 (2) ◽  
pp. 187-192 ◽  
Author(s):  
E. Heinze ◽  
M. Ranke ◽  
E. Manske ◽  
U. Vetter ◽  
K.-H. Voigt
Keyword(s):  
Body Weight ◽  
Serum Insulin ◽  
The Body ◽  
Skeletal Growth ◽  
Male Rats ◽  
Epiphyseal Growth Plate ◽  
Body Weights ◽  
Hypophysectomized Rats ◽  
Group A ◽  
Group B

Abstract. Male rats, body weight 60–75 g, were hypophysectomized. Three days after operation the animals were divided into two groups. Group B received solvent solution and group C 1 mg/kg body weight per day of glibenclamide ip for the following 9 days. Group A consisted on non-operated normal rats. Twenty-four hours after the last injections and after a 12 h overnight fast the body weights of groups B and C were not different, the increase during the 10 days being 10% in both groups. Serum insulin (IRI) was significantly higher in group C than in group B (C: 8.0 ± 0.3 μU/ml, n = 14 vs B: 4.9 ± 1.0 μU/ml, n = 14; P < 0.01, mean ± sem) as was serum somatomedin bioactivity (SM)-porcine cartilage assay — (C: 1.06 ± 0.1 U/ml, n = 14 vs B:0.41 ± 0.01 U/ml, n = 14; P < 0.001). Skeletal growth was determined with the tibia test and by a radiograph of each rat. The width of the proximal epiphyseal growth plate of the tibia was significantly increased in group C compared to group B (C: 204 ± 4.8 μm, n = 12 vs 181 ± 6.5 μm, n = 13; P < 0.005). On the radiograph the area of the right femur was not different between the two groups of animals, while the height and the area of the first lumbar spine were significantly augmented in group C. The results show that glibenclamide stimulates IRI, SM and skeletal growth in hypophysectomized rats. Compared to the glibenclamide treated hypophysectomized animals the normal rats of group A had doubled their body weights. IRI (59 ± 5 μU/ml, n = 4) and skeletal growth (tibia test: 454 ± 5.8 μm) were greatly increased. SM did not differ between group A (1.21 ± 0.35 U/ml and group C. T4 was much lower in group B (0.64 ± 0.09 μg/100 ml, n = 5) than in group A (4.1 ± 0.3 μg/100 ml, n = 6; P < 0.001). It is concluded that a normal SM concentration is not necessarily associated with appropriate growth.

Growth patterns in sheep: the effects of weight losses on compensatory growth and feed intake in Corriedale sheep

1982 ◽  
Vol 99 (3) ◽  
pp. 641-649 ◽  
Author(s):  
B. V. Butler-Hogg ◽  
N. M. Tulloh
Keyword(s):  
Weight Loss ◽  
Body Weight ◽  
Growth Rates ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Initial Body Weight ◽  
Treatment Groups ◽  
Body Weights ◽  
Group A ◽  
Ad Libitum ◽  
Group B

SUMMARYThe growth and feed intakes of Corriedale wether sheep when grown from 30 to 50 kg body weight by five different growth paths are described.Group A (control) grew continuously (fed ad libitum). After reaching ca; 40 kg body weight, group B and C animals lost 21% of their initial body weight over 9 and 18 weeks and at 122 and 63 g/day, respectively, and began realimentation at 30 kg body weight. Group D and E animals were ca. 50 kg body weight when weight loss was imposed and they lost body weight at similar rates (125 and 157 g/day) respectively. Animals in group D lost 34% of their initial body weight over 18 weeks and began realimentation at 30 kg body weight (the same as groups B and C). Group E animals lost 23% of their initial body weight over 9 weeks to begin realimentation at 35 kg body weight. Except during periods of weight loss, animals were fed ad libitum. Compensatory growth was observed in all groups which had lost weight, with early recovery growth rates 1·6–1·8 times higher than control sheep of the same weight.Rate of body-weight loss did not induce any significant differences in response to realimentation but results (groups B and C) suggest that the more rapid the loss, the more rapid will recovery be during realimentation. When sheep at different body weights lost the same proportion of their initial body weights, the heavier sheep (group E) attained final slaughter weight quicker than the lighter sheep (group B). When the proportion of body weight lost to reach a particular lower body weight was varied (groups B and D), the greater weight loss was associated with higher and more persistent growth rates during realimentation.After weight loss, ad libitum dry-matter intake was significantly lower during the first 10 kg of gain during realimentation in all treatment groups (B, C, D, E) than in control group A. There were no differences between treatment groups in recovery of dry-matter intake.Gross efficiency in all treatment groups was higher than in the control group A during the first 10 kg of recovery of body weight, but it then declined rapidly. This increase in gross efficiency was considered to be due to a combination of increased growth rates, reduced feed intakes and lower maintenance requirements. When the complete growth paths from 30 to 50 kg were considered, there were no significant differences in total feed consumed by the sheep following the five different growth paths.

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