The effect of table olive wastewater extract administration on the adult ovariectomized rat model of osteoporosis

2021 ◽  
pp. 1-26
Author(s):  
Alexandros S. Zervas ◽  
Pavlos P. Lelovas ◽  
Antonios Galanos ◽  
Dimitris Galanis ◽  
Maria Makropoulou ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Low Density Lipoprotein ◽  
Biomechanical Testing ◽  
Density Lipoprotein ◽  
Hdl Cholesterol ◽  
Abdominal Fat ◽  
Ovariectomized Rats ◽  
Mineral Density ◽  
Final Body Weight ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Table Olive

Abstract Recent efforts for alternative non-pharmaceutical treatments for postmenopausal osteoporosis are focused on nutritional measures. The aim of this study was to investigate the effect of table olive wastewater extract (OE) administration on bone mineral density (BMD) and biomechanical strength in ovariectomized rats. Thirty mature 9-month-old female Wistar rats were separated into 3 groups of ten; Control, Ovariectomized (OVX) and OVX+OE. BMD was measured before ovariectomy, 3 and 6 months afterwards. At the end of the study, blood, both femurs and tibias, internal organs and abdominal fat were collected. After three months, the percentage changes from baseline of the total and proximal tibial BMD of the OVX+OE group were both higher compared to the OVX group (p<0.005). Similar results were found after six months, when the percentage changes from baseline of the total and proximal tibial BMD of the OVX+OE group were both higher compared to the OVX group (p<0.005). Biomechanical testing of the femurs did not reveal any statistically significant difference between the groups. Body weights throughout the study, organs’ and abdominal fat ratios to final body weight, blood results (alanine aminotransferase; ALT, Gamma-glutamyltransferase; γ-GT, total cholesterol, high-density lipoprotein; HDL-cholesterol, low-density lipoprotein; LDL-cholesterol, calcium, phosphorus) were within normal limits and did not show any significant difference between the treated and untreated groups. As a conclusion, the administration of table olive wastewater extract for 6 months protected tibial BMD loss in comparison to the untreated OVX group without causing adverse effects.

scholarly journals Effect of different level of energy and crude fiber from sawdust in diets on carcass quality of broiler

2017 ◽  
Vol 42 (4) ◽  
pp. 240
Author(s):  
J. S. Mandey ◽  
Y. H. S. Kowel ◽  
M. N. Regar ◽  
J. R. Leke
Keyword(s):  
Body Weight ◽  
Feed Intake ◽  
Ldl Cholesterol ◽  
Hdl Cholesterol ◽  
Abdominal Fat ◽  
Crude Fiber ◽  
Carcass Quality ◽  
Final Body Weight ◽  
Significant Difference

This study was conducted to investigate the effect of different level of energy and crude fiber in diets containing sawdust on carcass quality of broilers. A total of 120 broilers were used for the research. The experiment utilized a completely randomized design in 2 x 3 factorial arrangement of treatments consisting of two dietary concentrations of energy and three dietary concentrations of crude fiber. Each treatment consisted of 4 replications (5 birds each) was reared during 35 days. The birds were housed in battery cages with ad libitum access to feed and water. During the experiment, feed intake, carcass yield, abdominal fat, blood LDL-cholesterol and HDL-cholesterol were measured. Data were subjected to the analysis of variance test followed by least significant difference test (LSD). Results showed that the diet with 3,100 Kcal/kg ME and 11% crude fiber significantly decreased feed intake, abdominal fat percentage, and blood LDL-cholesterol, but did not affect final body weight and the value of blood HDL-cholesterol and had the good value of carcass percentage. The diets containing sawdust with higher level of energy content decreased feed intake and the higher level of crude fiber decreased final body weight, carcass percentage and abdominal fat. Optimum broiler performance and carcass quality was obtained by diet formulated to contain 3100 Kcal/kg ME and 11% crude fiber. 

Platelet Aggregation and Plasma Lipoproteins in Alcoholics During Alcohol Withdrawal

1986 ◽  
Vol 55 (02) ◽  
pp. 173-177 ◽  
Author(s):  
K Desai ◽  
J S Owen ◽  
D T Wilson ◽  
R A Hutton
Keyword(s):  
Platelet Aggregation ◽  
Alcohol Withdrawal ◽  
Ldl Cholesterol ◽  
Low Density Lipoprotein ◽  
Density Lipoprotein ◽  
Hdl Cholesterol ◽  
Plasma Lipoprotein ◽  
Cholesterol Concentration ◽  
Arachidonic Acid Content ◽  
Low Density

SummaryPlatelet aggregation, platelet lipid composition and plasma lipoprotein concentrations were measured each week in a group of seventeen alcoholics, without overt liver disease, for one month, following acute, total alcohol withdrawal. The platelets were initially hypoaggregable but, within 1-2 weeks of cessation of drinking, they became hyperaggregable and then gradually returned towards normal values. Hyperaggregability could not be explained by increases in either the cholesterol or the arachidonic acid content of the platelets. Plasma very-low-density lipoprotein cholesterol levels remained high throughout the study, but the initially raised levels of high-density lipoprotein (HDL) cholesterol fell by 26%. Low-density lipoprotein (LDL) cholesterol concentration rose by 10% after two weeks of withdrawal but then returned to about the starting level. The resulting changes in the plasma LDL-cholesterol: HDL-cholesterol ratio, which had increased by more than 50% after two weeks of abstinence, essentially paralleled the time course of enhanced platelet reactivity in all but four of the alcoholics. These findings suggest that alterations in plasma lipoprotein concentrations during acute alcohol withdrawal may be a contributory factor to the haemostatic disorders present in such patients.

Risk factors for cardiovascular diseases and development of prehypertension

2018 ◽  
pp. 37-43
Author(s):  
В.В. Шерстнев ◽  
М.А. Грудень ◽  
В.П. Карлина ◽  
В.М. Рыжов ◽  
А.В. Кузнецова ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Blood Pressure ◽  
Cardiovascular Disease ◽  
Ldl Cholesterol ◽  
Low Density Lipoprotein ◽  
Density Lipoprotein ◽  
Hdl Cholesterol ◽  
Serum Levels ◽  
Left Ventricular ◽  
Optimal Blood Pressure

Цель - исследование взаимосвязи факторов риска сердечно-сосудистых заболеваний и развития предгипертонии. Методика. Проведен сравнительный и корреляционный анализы показателей модифицируемых и немодифицируемых факторов риска сердечно-сосудистых заболеваний у обследованных лиц в возрасте 30-60 лет с «оптимальным» артериальным давлением, (n = 63, АД <120/80 мм рт.ст.) и лиц с предгипертонией (n = 52, АД = 120-139/80-89 мм рт.ст.). Результаты. Показано, что лица с предгипертонией по сравнению с группой лиц, имеющих «оптимальное» артериальное давление характеризуются статистически значимо повышенным содержанием холестерина и холестерина липопротеидов низкой плотности, интеллектуальным характером трудовой деятельности, а также значимыми сочетаниями факторов риска: повышенный уровень холестерина липопротеидов низкой плотности с интеллектуальным характером трудовой деятельности; повышенное содержание креатинина с уровнем триглициридов; наследственная отягощенность по заболеваниям почек и интеллектуальным характером трудовой деятельности; наследственная отягощенность по сахарному диабету и гипертрофия левого желудочка сердца. У лиц с предгипертонией документированы перестройки структуры взаимосвязи (количество, направленность и сила корреляций) между показателями факторов риска в сравнении с лицами, имеющими «оптимальное» артериальное давление. Заключение. Выявленные особенности взаимосвязей факторов риска сердечно-сосудистых заболеваний при предгипертонии рассматриваются как проявление начальной стадии дизрегуляционной патологии и нарушения регуляции физиологических систем поддержания оптимального уровня артериального давления. The aim of the study was to investigate the relationship between risk factors for cardiovascular disease and development of prehypertension. Methods. Comparative and correlation analyses of modifiable and non-modifiable risk factors for cardiovascular disease were performed in subjects aged 30-60 with «optimal» blood pressure (n = 63, BP <120/80 mm Hg) and prehypertension (n = 52, BP = 120-139 / 80-89 mm Hg). Results. The group with prehypertension compared with the «optimal» blood pressure group had significantly increased serum levels of low-density lipoprotein (LDL) cholesterol and high-density lipoprotein (HDL) cholesterol, sedentary/intellectual type of occupation, and significant combinations of risk factors. The risk factor combinations included an increased level of LDL cholesterol and a sedentary/intellectual occupation; increased serum levels of creatinine and triglycerides; hereditary burden of kidney disease and a sedentary/intellectual occupation; hereditary burden of diabetes mellitus and cardiac left ventricular hypotrophy. In subjects with prehypertension compared to subjects with «optimal» blood pressure, changes in correlations (correlation number, direction, and strength) between parameters of risk factors were documented. Conclusion. The features of interrelationships between risk factors for cardiovascular disease observed in prehypertension are considered a manifestation of early dysregulation pathology and disordered regulation of physiological systems, which maintain optimal blood pressure.

Epidemiology Of Myocardial Infarction: Magnitude Of The Problem, Cause And Risk Factors

1981 ◽  
Author(s):  
W B Kannel
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Risk Evaluation ◽  
Death Rate ◽  
Low Density Lipoprotein ◽  
Density Lipoprotein ◽  
Hdl Cholesterol ◽  
Joint Effect ◽  
Low Density Lipoprotein Cholesterol ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Marginal Risk

Coronary heart disease is a common, highly lethal, disease which frequently attacks without warning and too often presents with sudden death as the first symptom. Chances of an American male developing CHD before age 60 are one in five.Most angina, infarctions and sudden deaths represent medical failures which should have been forecasted and prevented. About 30% of first MI's will shortly develop angina and experience a per annum death rate, half of which will be sudden deaths. Reinfarctions will occur at 6% per year and half the recurrences will be fatal.No major innovations are needed to identify coronary candidates or to establish their risk from the joint effect of known risk factors. However, all have much to learn about motivating changes in behavior required to control the major risk factors such as cigarette smoking, faulty diet, overweight, sedentary living, abnormal lipids, hypertension and impaired glucose tolerance.Low density lipoprotein cholesterol promotes atherogenesis whereas HDL-cholesterol is protective, and the net effect is judged by their ratio. Hypertension, systolic or diastolic, labile or fixed, at any age in either sex is a powerful contributor to CHD. The impact of diabetes is greater for women, diminishes with age and varies depending on coexisting risk factors.Optimal risk evaluation requires quantitative combination of risk factors so as to include persons with multiple marginal risk factor abnormalities who are at high risk.

scholarly journals Particles and corrected particles of LDL and non-HDL are stronger predicters of coronary lesion in postmenopausal women

2021 ◽  
Vol 21 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Chuang Li ◽  
Jingxun Chen ◽  
Siyue Wei ◽  
Mei Zhang ◽  
Yushun Chu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Postmenopausal Women ◽  
Apolipoprotein B ◽  
Operating Characteristic ◽  
Ldl Cholesterol ◽  
Low Density Lipoprotein ◽  
Density Lipoprotein ◽  
Hdl Cholesterol ◽  
Spearman Correlation ◽  
Coronary Lesion

Abstract Background The optimum lipid indexes, predicting the coronary lesion in postmenopausal women are not clear. Objective To evaluate the optimum lipid predicter for coronary lesion in routine and advanced lipid tests. Method 300 postmenopausal women were enrolled and assigned into coronary heart disease (CHD) Group (242), and non-CHD Group (58). Routine and advanced lipid indexes were measured with standard laboratory test and nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) spectroscopy. The correlation and predictivities for CHD of routine and advanced lipid indexes were performed with Logistic regression, Spearman correlation analysis and receiver operating characteristic (ROC). Results Age (hazard ratio (HR) 2.58, 95% confidence interval (CI) 1.08–5.86, P = 0.03), apolipoprotein B (ApoB) (HR 1.35, 95% CI 1.15–1.59, P < 0.001), corrected particles of low-density lipoprotein (LDL-p-corr) (HR 1.05, 95% CI 1.03–1.06, P < 0.001) and corrected particles of non-high-density lipoprotein (non-HDL-p-corr) (HR 1.02, 95% CI 1.01–1.03, P < 0.001) were the risk factors of CHD. LDL cholesterol (LDL-C), LDL-p, LDL-p-corr, HDL cholesterol (HDL-C), non-HDL cholesterol (non-HDL-C), non-HDL-p and non-HDL-p-corr were in linear correlation with Gensini score. Advanced lipid indexes LDL-p (area under curve (AUC) = 0.750, P = 0.02), LDL-p-corr (AUC = 0.759, P = 0.02), non-HDL-p (AUC = 0.693, P = 0.03) and non-HDL-p-corr (AUC = 0.699, P = 0.03) were more predictive for CHD than the routine ones (LDL-C and non-HDL-C). Conclusion In postmenopausal women, age, ApoB, LDL-p-corr and non-HDL-p-corr were risk factors of CHD. Compared with traditional lipid items, LDL-p, LDL-p-corr, non-HDL-p and non-HDL-p-corr may be better lipid indexes for CHD in postmenopausal women.

Effect of the periparturient period on serum lipid and cholesterol lipoprotein concentrations in goats (Capra hircus)

2011 ◽  
Vol 59 (4) ◽  
pp. 445-454 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ewa Skotnicka ◽  
Zbigniew Muszczyński ◽  
Maria Suska
Keyword(s):  
Serum Lipid ◽  
Ldl Cholesterol ◽  
Low Density Lipoprotein ◽  
Density Lipoprotein ◽  
Hdl Cholesterol ◽  
Capra Hircus ◽  
Low Density ◽  
Total Lipids ◽  
Blood Samples ◽  
Periparturient Period

Blood samples were taken from 12 goats during the periparturient period (4 and 1 weeks before and 2, 10 and 30 days after delivery), and from 10 nonpregnant goats. The following variables were determined: total lipids (TL), triacylglycerol (TG), total cholesterol (TCH) and high-density lipoprotein (HDL) cholesterol and low-density lipoprotein (LDL) cholesterol fractions. One week before delivery TL (2.32 ± 0.12 g/l, P ≤ 0.05), TG (0.32 ± 0.16 mmol/l, P ≤ 0.001) and TCH concentrations (1.65 ± 0.42 mmol/l, P ≤ 0.05) were significantly increased as compared to non-pregnant goats (2.08 ± 0.28 g/l, 0.15 ± 0.05 mmol/l, 1.38 ± 0.19 mmol/l, respectively). After delivery, the concentrations of TL, TG, TCH and HDL decreased significantly. The lowest TG concentration was observed 2 days after delivery (0.18 ± 0.02 mmol/l), while TL (1.73 ± 0.21 g/l), TCH (0.95 ± 0.21 mmol/l) and HDL (0.74 ± 0.16 mmol/l) reached the lowest level 10 days after delivery. Two days after delivery a significant increase of LDL concentration was observed (0.38 ± 0.04 mmol/l); however, ten days after delivery a threefold decrease was shown in the LDL concentration (0.12 ± 0.04 mmol/l). A month after delivery all the variables studied reached levels similar to those measured in non-pregnant goats.

Impaired postprandial clearance of triacylglycerol-rich lipoproteins in adipose tissue in obese subjects

1995 ◽  
Vol 268 (4) ◽  
pp. E588-E594 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. L. Potts ◽  
S. W. Coppack ◽  
R. M. Fisher ◽  
S. M. Humphreys ◽  
G. F. Gibbons ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Adipose Tissue ◽  
Low Density Lipoprotein ◽  
Postprandial Lipemia ◽  
Density Lipoprotein ◽  
Hdl Cholesterol ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Postprandial Period ◽  
Before And After ◽  
Obese Subjects ◽  
Subcutaneous Adipose

Adipose tissue is an important site of clearance of circulating triacylglycerol (TAG), especially in the postprandial period. Postprandial lipemia is usually increased in obesity. We studied the extraction of TAG from plasma and TAG-rich lipoproteins (TRLs) in subcutaneous adipose tissue in 11 control and 8 obese subjects before and after a mixed meal. Clearance of plasma TAG and very low-density lipoprotein (VLDL)-TAG was decreased in the obese subjects after an overnight fast. After the meal, chylomicron-TAG extraction increased in the control group whereas VLDL-TAG clearance decreased; these changes were not seen in the obese group, in whom the VLDL particles appeared to be better able to compete with the chylomicrons for clearance by lipoprotein lipase. In the control subjects, removal of TAG from the TRL in the postprandial period was accompanied by a shift toward addition of cholesterol to the high-density lipoprotein (HDL) fraction; this was not observed in the obese subjects. We conclude that disturbed TRL-TAG clearance in adipose tissue is related both to the elevated plasma TAG concentrations and the depressed HDL-cholesterol concentrations typical of obesity.

scholarly journals ANTI-HYPERLIPIDEMIC ACTIVITY OF METHANOLIC EXTRACT OF BOESENBERGIA PANDURATA (FINGER ROOT) IN EXPERIMENTAL INDUCED HYPERCHOLESTROLEMIC SPRAGUE DAWLEY RATS

2018 ◽  
Vol 11 (15) ◽  
pp. 8
Author(s):  
Santosh Fattepur ◽  
Kiran Chanabasappa Nilugal ◽  
Ranya Rajendran ◽  
Fadli Asmani ◽  
Eddy Yusuf
Keyword(s):  
Heart Diseases ◽  
Low Density Lipoprotein ◽  
Density Lipoprotein ◽  
Positive Control ◽  
Lipoprotein Cholesterol ◽  
Current Therapy ◽  
Histopathological Study ◽  
Sprague Dawley ◽  
Methanolic Extracts ◽  
Significant Difference

Objective: Hyperlipidemia is one of the risk factors that contribute to the prevalence of coronary heart diseases and antihyperlipidemic agents, such as statin, was used to treat hyperlipidemia as a current therapy. Boesenbergia pandurata has not been exploited for antihyperlipidemic effect. Hence, this study aims to screen for the antihyperlipidemic activity of methanolic extracts of B. pandurata rhizomes (BPR extracts) in hypercholesterolemia-induced Sprague-Dawley rats.Methods: BPR extracts were prepared using the maceration method with 1500 ml of 80% methanol at room temperature for about 7 days. A toxicity study was carried out based on OECD guidelines. Hypercholesterolemia was induced by 6% lard oil, 2% of cheese, and egg yolks. Two different doses of BPR extracts, 200 and 400 mg/kg, were used to screen for antihyperlipidemic effect. Histopathological study was carried out in the liver. The results were evaluated for the statistically significant difference by using the one-way ANOVA followed by post hoc Dunnett test.Results: No mortality was witnessed even till 2 g/kg. Only 400 mg/kg of BPR extracts statistically reduced in total cholesterol (p<0.05), low-density lipoprotein-cholesterol (p<0.05) and an increase in high-density lipoprotein-cholesterol (p<0.05) when compared to the positive control. BPR extracts (400 mg/kg) showed less enlargement of lipid droplets as compared to positive control.Conclusion: BPR extracts can be a promising medicinal plant for treating hyperlipidemia in underdeveloped countries.

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