scholarly journals Introduction

1986 ◽  
Vol 87 (3-4) ◽  
pp. 113-114
Author(s):  
John Atwell
Keyword(s):  
Quality Standards ◽  
Local Economy ◽  
Raw Material ◽  
Added Value ◽  
Processed Foods ◽  
High Quality ◽  
Strong Link ◽  
Food And Beverages ◽  
The Government

Excluding brewing and distilling, the food and beverages sector of the Scottish economy is estimated to employ about one in six of the manufacturing workforce and has a gross added value of just over £1000m per annum. These industries also have a strong link with suppliers of machinery and packaging equipment within the local economy, and of course with Scottish agriculture which provides an important part of the raw material used. On the conservative assumption that Scotland is responsible for about 10% of the U.K. exports of unprocessed and processed foods, which total just short of £3000m per annum and that exports depend on high quality standards in choice of raw material for processing, Scotland should be uniquely placed to contribute to the government-backed 'Food from Britain' campaign which is now getting under way.

scholarly journals ANALISIS KETERSEDIAAN BAHAN BAKU DAN NILAI TAMBAH PRODUK MANISAN PADA AGROINDUSTRI REZEKI MORO DI DESA PESUCEN KECAMATAN KALIPURO KABUPATEN BANYUWANGI

2019 ◽  
Vol 15 (2) ◽  
pp. 180
Author(s):  
Inkatama Kharismawanti ◽  
Djoko Soejono
Keyword(s):  
Data Analysis ◽  
Raw Materials ◽  
Value Added ◽  
Raw Material ◽  
Added Value ◽  
Optimal Time ◽  
Processed Foods ◽  
Stock Level ◽  
A Value

<p><em>Candied fruit is one of the processed foods which favored by many people. One of the sweets agro-industry that exists in Pesucen, Kalipuro, Banyuwangi is Rezeki Moro agro-industry. This study aimed to find out: 1) the stock level of raw materials of candid fruit in Rezeki Moro agro-industry, 2) the optimal time to reorder raw materials, and 3) the amount of added value of fruit after being processed into candied fruit. The data analysis used was the analysis of raw materials availability using EOQ and ROP methods and value-added. The result of the study showed that  the need for raw material such as nutmeg was 30 kilograms, while the number of economical orders with the EOQ method was 73 kilograms. The need for tamarind was 25 kilograms, while the number of economical orders with the EOQ method was 32 kilograms, also the need for ceremai (Phyllantus acidus) was 50 kilograms while the number of economical orders with the EOQ method was 60 kilograms. The level of reordering of raw materials from all sweets product in Rezeki Moro agro-industry was efficient since the ROP point was smaller than the EOQ point. The processing of candied nutmeg provided an added value of Rp. 9,848.00 (39.39%). The added value of processing candied tamarind is Rp. 17,468.00 (46%). Furthermore, the processing of candied ceremai has added value Rp. 12,548.00 with a value-added ratio of 43.5%.</em></p><p> </p><p>Manisan buah adalah salah satu bentuk makanan olahan yang banyak disukai oleh masyarakat. Salah satu Agroindustri manisan yang ada di Desa Pesucen Kecamatan Kalipuro Kabupaten Banyuwangi adalah Agroindustri Rezeki Moro. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui (1) tingkat persediaan bahan baku manisan buah pada agroindustri manisan Rezeki Moro, (2) waktu optimal pemesanan kembali bahan baku (3) besarnya nilai tambah buah setelah dijadikan manisan buah. Analisis data menggunakan analisis ketersediaan bahan baku dengan metode EOQ dan ROP serta nilai tambah. Hasil Penelitian menunjukkan bahwa kebutuhan bahan baku pala adalah sebesar 30 kilogram sedangkan jumlah pemesanan ekonomis dengan metode EOQ adalah sebesar 73 kilogram. Kebutuhan bahan baku asem adalah sebesar 25 kilogram sedangkan jumlah pemesanan ekonomis dengan metode EOQ adalah sebesar 32 kilogram, begitu juga dengan Kebutuhan bahan baku ceremai adalah sebesar 50 kilogram sedangkan jumlah pemesanan ekonomis dengan metode EOQ adalah sebesar  60 kilogram. Tingkat pemesanan kembali bahan baku dari semua produk manisan pada Agroindustri Manisan Buah Rezeki Moro adalah efisien, dikarenakan nilai ROP lebih kecil daripada nilai EOQ. Pengolahan manisan pala memberikan nilai tambah sebesar Rp. 98,48,00 (39,39%). Nilai tambah pengolahan manisan asem sebesar Rp. 17.468,00 (46%). Selain itu, pengolahan manisan ceremai memiliki nilai tambah sebesar Rp. 12.548,00 (43,5%).</p>

scholarly journals REVITALISASI EKONOMI UNTUK MENINGKATKAN PRODUKTIVITAS, NILAI TAMBAH DAN AKSES PASAR BERBASIS KELESTARIAN KAWASAN HUTAN LINDUNG “BUKIT DAUN” DI KABUPATEN REJANG LEBONG

2015 ◽  
Vol 2 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Soengkono ◽  
Anggri Puspita Sari
Keyword(s):  
Business Environment ◽  
Appropriate Technology ◽  
Local Economy ◽  
Business Community ◽  
Added Value ◽  
Development Effort ◽  
Research Information ◽  
Product Certification ◽  
Community Forests ◽  
The Government

oengkono, Anggri Puspita Sari; This study departs from the failure of the Development Community Forests (Judg.) which until now had never been able to open completely and still keep problems lingering. Based on such phenomena, research aims to revitalize the economic potential of the resource-based local economy and protected forest sustainability through appropriate integrated technological innovation to increase productivity, added value and sustainable market access. This research is designed to be completed during the 2 (two) years by combining two approaches, namely, the economic development and economic sustainability of downstream subsystem sub-system upstream agribusiness to protect and preserve the integrity of protected forest ecosystems. To achieve the goal of this research is to use PRA approach (Participatory Rural Appraisal), qualitative, and action (action research). Information obtained through in-depth interview techniques (indept interview), observations, focused group discussions (Focus Group Discussion) and brainstorming (brainstorming) in the classical media. Data analysis was carried out simultaneously with the process of data collection (on going analysis) and the applicable techniques techniques in qualitative penelitihan. Appropriate technology development Model used adapted, arranged with the potential of existing human resources, natural resources, the potential existence of a team of experts, as well as the potential of the existing business environment. Model development is directed to the formation of groups of people of productive coffee farmers, the development of appropriate technology module production of coffee processing and packaging printing business. Community groups geared to business establishment production of coffee processing and packaging printing business through structured training activities, the establishment of business units, business management, coaching and coaching development effort. The research team gave assistance technology consulting, product certification, as well as coaching development marketing. On these activities will also be developed to support business partner role in enterprise development, including support of the Government, employers, and sources of capital. Key words: Revitalization, Economic, Technology, Productivity, Sustainability

scholarly journals Increase in exports of grain processing products

2021 ◽  
pp. 172-177
Author(s):  
L. Yesakhmetova ◽  
◽  
◽  
◽  
Keyword(s):  
Value Chain ◽  
Animal Feed ◽  
Wheat Gluten ◽  
Raw Material ◽  
Added Value ◽  
Industrial Complex ◽  
Production Volume ◽  
High Quality ◽  
Grain Processing ◽  
Cereal Industry

The implementation of strategic goals of the development of agro-industrial complex can be achieved due to the significant potential for growth in production volume of flour-cereals industry, competitive advantages. The article discusses the raw material reserves of domestic flour-cereal industry, sufficient for sustainable and balanced production of various types and varieties of flour, to fully meet the needs of the bakery, confectionery and pasta industries. Production indicators of flour output when all production capacities are loaded are presented, which determines the possibility of expanding export markets. The author states that flour and cereal industry, which is part of grain products subcomplex of agro-industrial complex, is included into the links of the added value chain, interacts with technologically related industries, which improve its structure, expand export opportunities, and contribute to the growth of the competitiveness of national economy. The importance of production of flour-milling products is determined by its contribution to the formation of food security in the country due to the significant increase in production of high-quality domestic food products. The author points out, that in Kazakhstan, the Roadmap on development of grain processing will be developed. The activities of the subsidiary LLP BioOperations (Tayinsha town, North Kazakhstan region) are aimed at production of bioethanol, wheat gluten, starch, flour and animal feed. The main direction of functioning of LLP "Aruana- 2010" is production of flour (wheat, bakery), providing it to trade enterprises and manufacture of bakery products. Flour of the "PATSHA" trademark is made from high quality grain, with high protein content, grown in ecologically clean fields of Kazakhstan.

scholarly journals Mejoramiento de la textura de un producto reconstituido de trozos de camarón empleando la enzima Transglutaminasa.// Improvement of the texture of a reconstituted product based on shrimp pieces using the enzyme transglutaminase

Ciencia Unemi ◽  
2017 ◽  
Vol 10 (24) ◽  
pp. 74
Author(s):  
Denisse Álvarez Anchundia ◽  
María Fernanda Carrillo ◽  
Nibia Novillo Luzuriaga ◽  
Rigoberto Peñafiel León
Keyword(s):  
Litopenaeus Vannamei ◽  
Food Product ◽  
Raw Material ◽  
Added Value ◽  
Nutritional Content ◽  
High Quality ◽  
Sensorial Analysis ◽  
Excellent Quality ◽  
Organoleptic Characteristics ◽  
Wide Range

La Costa Ecuatoriana alberga diferentes especies de camarones de alta calidad y  gran interés comercial, entre ellos destaca el  Litopenaeus vannamei debido a su mayor adaptación en la  acuacultura. En la amplia gama de mariscos, el camarón cumple el más alto potencial de materia prima cuando se lo transforma en productos que contengan mayor valor agregado debido a  sus características organolépticas y excelente calidad, además parte del camarón cosechado  o extraído del mar  no se exporta, puesto que existe un subproducto que incumple  las exigencias de los importadores debido a que se encuentra  troceado y se conoce  como venta local o  camarón quebrado. La enzima transglutaminasa con sus propiedades de ligar  proteínas, es un ingrediente clave para reconstituir estos pedazos de bajo valor comercial. El objetivo de este  estudio fue desarrollar un producto alimenticio reconstituido a base de pedazos de camarón con una mejor adherencia y compactación en la proteína de la carne del crustáceo. Se evaluó mediante  análisis sensorial la aceptabilidad de esta enzima en el producto elaborado, obteniendo mayor preferencia los productos con transglutaminasa por su textura y sabor, cabe destacar que las características organolépticas y el contenido nutricional del camarón no fueron alterados de acuerdo a los análisis realizados.ABSTRACTThe Ecuadorian Coast hosts different species of shrimp of high quality and commercial interest, among them Litopenaeus vannamei stands out due to its greater adaptation in aquaculture. Shrimp fulfills the highest potential of raw material, when it is transformed into products that contain greater added value due to its organoleptic characteristics and excellent quality, in the wide range of seafood. In addition, part of the shrimp harvested or extracted from the sea is not exported, since there is a sub-product that does not meet the requirements of importers because it is cut up and is known as local sale or broken shrimp. The enzyme transglutaminase with its properties of binding protein is a key ingredient to reconstitute these pieces of low commercial value. The objective of this study was to develop a reconstituted food product based on pieces of shrimp with better adhesion and compaction in the crustacean meat protein. The acceptability of this enzyme in the processed product was evaluated by sensorial analysis, obtaining more preference the products with transglutaminase for their texture and flavor, it should be noted that the organoleptic characteristics and the nutritional content of the shrimp were not altered according to the analyzes carried out.

scholarly journals The suitability of apricot for dried fruit production by the combined technology

2021 ◽  
Vol 66 (3) ◽  
pp. 267-278
Author(s):  
Dragan Rahovic ◽  
Zoran Keserovic ◽  
Sladjan Stankovic ◽  
Ivana Bakic ◽  
Marijana Maslovaric ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Fruit Production ◽  
Raw Material ◽  
Added Value ◽  
Convective Drying ◽  
High Yield ◽  
Family Farms ◽  
Southeast Europe ◽  
High Quality ◽  
Small Family ◽  
Dried Fruit

The apricot is considered as one of the most delicious temperate fruit, a highly appreciated stone fruit and a valuable raw material for processing. The Republic of Serbia is one of the leading apricot producers in Southeast Europe, but the assortment is limited by a small number of cultivars harvested, mostly in the ripening season of ?Magyar kajszi?. In order to introduce the most suitable cultivars in the production, having high yield and high quality for consumption and various forms of processing, introduced and domestic cultivars have been intensively studied. In Serbia, apricots are mostly marketed fresh and processed for jams and spirits, but demand for high-quality dried fruits is increasing. To preserve the nutritional and sensory quality of fresh apricots, choosing the best drying technique is significant, and the most preferred technique is the reduction of moisture through convective drying. The aim of the paper was to compare the potential of the apricot cultivars ?Magyar kajszi?, ?Novosadska rodna?, ?NS-4? and ?NS-6? for dried fruit production by two-phase technology - combined osmotic and convective drying, as well as the profitability of apricot drying on small family farms. Cultivars ?NS-4? and ?Novosadska rodna? were found to be suitable for combined drying technology. The highest score in the sensory evaluation of the dried apricots was given to ?NS-4?, and then to ?Novosadska rodna?. The results indicate that the combined osmotic and convective drying of apricot rather than selling fresh fruits can be a profitable and important added value tool for small family farms.

scholarly journals Mouse resources at the RIKEN BioResource Research Center and the National BioResource Project core facility in Japan

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Saori Mizuno-Iijima ◽  
Toshiaki Nakashiba ◽  
Shinya Ayabe ◽  
Hatsumi Nakata ◽  
Fumio Ike ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Quality Control ◽  
Science Studies ◽  
Cost Effective ◽  
Added Value ◽  
Research Center ◽  
High Quality ◽  
Control Programs ◽  
International Mouse Phenotyping Consortium ◽  
The Government ◽  
Resource Networks

AbstractThe RIKEN BioResource Research Center (BRC) was established in 2001 as a comprehensive biological resource center in Japan. The Experimental Animal Division, one of the BRC infrastructure divisions, has been designated as the core facility for mouse resources within the National BioResource Project (NBRP) by the Japanese government since FY2002. Our activities regarding the collection, preservation, quality control, and distribution of mouse resources have been supported by the research community, including evaluations and guidance on advancing social and research needs, as well as the operations and future direction of the BRC. Expenditure for collection, preservation, and quality-control operations of the BRC, as a national core facility, has been funded by the government, while distribution has been separately funded by users’ reimbursement fees. We have collected over 9000 strains created mainly by Japanese scientists including Nobel laureates and researchers in cutting-edge fields and distributed mice to 7000 scientists with 1500 organizations in Japan and globally. Our users have published 1000 outstanding papers and a few dozen patents. The collected mouse resources are accessible via the RIKEN BRC website, with a revised version of the searchable online catalog. In addition, to enhance the visibility of useful strains, we have launched web corners designated as the “Mouse of the Month” and “Today’s Tool and Model.” Only high-demand strains are maintained in live colonies, while other strains are cryopreserved as embryos or sperm to achieve cost-effective management. Since 2007, the RIKEN BRC has built up a back-up facility in the RIKEN Harima branch to protect the deposited strains from disasters. Our mice have been distributed with high quality through the application of strict microbial and genetic quality control programs that cover a globally accepted pathogens list and mutated alleles generated by various methods. Added value features, such as information about users’ publications, standardized phenotyping data, and genome sequences of the collected strains, are important to facilitate the use of our resources. We have added and disseminated such information in collaboration with the NBRP Information Center and the NBRP Genome Information Upgrading Program. The RIKEN BRC has participated in international mouse resource networks such as the International Mouse Strain Resource, International Mouse Phenotyping Consortium, and Asian Mouse Mutagenesis and Resource Association to facilitate the worldwide use of high-quality mouse resources, and as a consequence it contributes to reproducible life science studies and innovation around the globe.

Crisis Reactions and Their Consequences for the Real Sector of the Russian Economy

2011 ◽  
pp. 39-50
Author(s):  
V. Lushin
Keyword(s):  
Financial Crisis ◽  
Acute Phase ◽  
Dutch Disease ◽  
Added Value ◽  
Real Sector ◽  
The Real ◽  
Balanced Development ◽  
Russian Economy ◽  
The Government ◽  
State Modernization

The author analyzes factors that led to a deeper fall in output and profitability in the real sector of the Russian economy in comparison with other segments during the acute phase of the financial crisis. It is argued that some contradictions in the government anti-recession policy, activities of the financial sector and natural monopolies lead to pumping out added value created in manufacturing and agriculture, increase symptoms of the «Dutch disease», etc. It is shown that it may threaten the balanced development of the Russian economy, and a set of measures is suggested to minimize these tendencies and create a basis for the state modernization policy.

Analisis Rantai Nilai Komoditas Cabai Merah

2019 ◽  
Vol 2 (1) ◽  
pp. 336-346
Author(s):  
Dhamon Oridilla B
Keyword(s):  
Distribution Pattern ◽  
Distribution Patterns ◽  
Added Value ◽  
Commodity Chain ◽  
Market Prices ◽  
Data Analyst ◽  
Bargaining Position ◽  
Agricultural Business ◽  
The Government ◽  
Red Peppers

Candi Village in Bandungan District is one of the Chili Supply Sub-district for Semarang Regency and surrounding area has agro-climate suitable for the development of various agricultural commodities supported by wide market opportunity, so it is suitable for agricultural business development. The purpose of this research is to identify the distribution pattern of red pepper, to know each value of commodity chains and distribution, to design alternative distribution pattern of red pepper.Population in this research is 88 respondents from 735 of member of chilli farmer in Desa Candi with total area of 150,3 hectare consisting of rice field, moor and yard. Methods of data analyst using quantitative approach is done by using Margin Marketing Analysis. The results include: (1) The pattern of distribution of existing farming business grows naturally in accordance with the developments and needs of the perpetrators, the actors in this pattern are farmers, wholesalers, collectors, wholesalers, retailers, consumers. (2) The value of the red chili commodity chain in this naturally grown pattern often makes pricing more dominant by traders, so farmers receive prices slightly lower than market prices. (3) Some obstacles faced in distributing red peppers are the difficulty of changing the mindset of the community about advanced farming, this is best utilized by market participants (chain of distribution) who are more informed and always keep abreast of market dynamics. Conventional marketing pattern by farmer cause price level accepted by farmer in general relatively smaller compared to price received by trader. Suggestions shorten the chain of distribution patterns, increase the added value of products and improve the bargaining position of farmers and for the government always guide / accompany farmers in getting accurate market information, which can be used as farmers in bargaining, Increased market transparency can act as a trigger for the functioning of a market, improved competition and increased adaptation to meet the needs of supply and opportunity to compete with market prices. Desa Candi di Kabupaten Bandungan adalah salah satu Kecamatan Penyedia Cabai untuk Kabupaten Semarang dan sekitarnya memiliki agroklimat yang cocok untuk pengembangan berbagai komoditas pertanian yang didukung oleh peluang pasar yang luas, sehingga sangat cocok untuk pengembangan bisnis pertanian. Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah untuk mengidentifikasi pola distribusi cabai merah, untuk mengetahui masing-masing nilai rantai komoditas dan distribusi, untuk merancang alternatif pola distribusi cabai merah. Populasi dalam penelitian ini adalah 88 responden dari 735 anggota petani cabai di Desa Candi dengan total luas 150,3 hektar yang terdiri dari sawah, tegalan dan pekarangan. Metode analis data menggunakan pendekatan kuantitatif dilakukan dengan menggunakan Analisis Pemasaran Margin. Hasil meliputi: (1) Pola distribusi usaha pertanian yang ada tumbuh secara alami sesuai dengan perkembangan dan kebutuhan pelaku, pelaku dalam pola ini adalah petani, pedagang besar, pengumpul, pedagang besar, pedagang besar, pengecer, konsumen. (2) Nilai rantai komoditas cabai merah dalam pola yang dikembangkan secara alami ini sering membuat penetapan harga lebih dominan oleh para pedagang, sehingga petani menerima harga yang sedikit lebih rendah daripada harga pasar. (3) Beberapa kendala yang dihadapi dalam mendistribusikan paprika merah adalah sulitnya mengubah pola pikir masyarakat tentang pertanian maju, hal ini paling baik digunakan oleh pelaku pasar (rantai distribusi) yang lebih banyak informasi dan selalu mengikuti perkembangan dinamika pasar. Pola pemasaran konvensional oleh petani menyebabkan tingkat harga yang diterima petani pada umumnya relatif lebih kecil dibandingkan dengan harga yang diterima pedagang. Saran mempersingkat rantai pola distribusi, meningkatkan nilai tambah produk dan meningkatkan posisi tawar petani dan bagi pemerintah selalu membimbing / menemani petani dalam mendapatkan informasi pasar yang akurat, yang dapat digunakan sebagai petani dalam tawar-menawar, Peningkatan transparansi pasar dapat bertindak sebagai pemicu berfungsinya pasar, meningkatnya kompetisi dan peningkatan adaptasi untuk memenuhi kebutuhan pasokan dan peluang untuk bersaing dengan harga pasar.

TECHNOLOGICAL ASPECTS OF HIGH QUALITY RAW MATERIAL OBTAINING FOR PECTIN PRODUCTION

1970 ◽  
pp. 47-50
Author(s):  
I. A. Ilina ◽  
I. A. Machneva ◽  
E. S. Bakun
Keyword(s):  
Raw Materials ◽  
Thermal Characteristics ◽  
Environmental Safety ◽  
Raw Material ◽  
High Quality ◽  
Temperature Conductivity ◽  
Drying Temperature ◽  
Plant Raw Materials ◽  
Gel Forming Ability

  The article is devoted to the study of the chemical composition, physical and thermal-pfysical characteristics of damp apple pomaces and the identifying patterns of influence of drying temperature the functional composition and gel-forming ability of pectin. The research is aimed at obtaining initial data for the subsequent calculation of the main technological, hydro-mechanical, thermal, structural and economic characteristics of devices for drying the plant raw materials, ensuring the environmental safety and high quality of pectin-containing raw materials, the reducing heat and energy costs. As a result of the study of the thermal characteristics of apple pomaces, the critical points (temperature conductivity – 16.5 x 10-8 m2/s, thermal conductivity – 0.28 W/m K, heat capacity – 1627 j/(kg K)) at a humidity of 56 % are determined, which characterizing the transition from the extraction of weakly bound moisture to the extraction of moisture with strong bonds (colloidal, adsorption). It was found that the pomaces obtained from apples of late ripening have a higher content of solids (21-23 %), soluble pectin and protopectin (2.5-4.5 %). Dried pomaces obtained from apple varieties of late ripening contain up to 25 % pectin, which allow us to recommend them as a source of raw materials for the production of pectin. The optimum modes of preliminary washing of raw materials are offered, allowing to the remove the ballast substances as much as possible. It is established that when the drying temperature increases, the destructive processes are catalyzed: the strength of the pectin jelly and the uronide component and the degree of pectin esterification are reduced. The optimum drying temperature of damp apple pomaces is 80 0C, at which the quality of pectin extracted from the dried raw materials is maintained as much as possible. It is shown that the most effective for the pectin production is a fraction with a particle size of 3-5 mm, which allow us to extract up to 71 % of pectin from raw materials.

Graubündens Wald im Fokus | Focus on the Grisons forest

2009 ◽  
Vol 160 (7) ◽  
pp. 195-200
Author(s):  
Reto Hefti
Keyword(s):  
Climate Change ◽  
Global Warming ◽  
Natural Hazards ◽  
Positive Attitude ◽  
Production Costs ◽  
Raw Material ◽  
Intensive Use ◽  
Form Part ◽  
New Challenges ◽  
The Government

In the mountainous canton Grisons, much visited by tourists, the forest has always had an important role to play. New challenges are now presenting themselves. The article goes more closely into two themes on the Grisons forestry agenda dominating in the next few years: the increased use of timber and climate change. With the increased demand for logs and the new sawmill in Domat/Ems new opportunities are offered to the canton for more intensive use of the raw material, wood. This depends on a reduction in production costs and a positive attitude of the population towards the greater use of wood. A series of measures from the Grisons Forestry Department should be of help here. The risk of damage to infrastructure is particularly high in a mountainous canton. The cantonal government of the Grisons has commissioned the Forestry Department to define the situation concerning the possible consequences of global warming on natural hazards and to propose measures which may be taken. The setting up of extensive measurement and information systems, the elaboration of intervention maps, the estimation of the danger potential in exposed areas outside the building zone and the maintenance of existing protective constructions through the creation of a protective constructions register, all form part of the government programme for 2009 to 2012. In the Grisons, forest owners and visitors will have to become accustomed to the fact that their forests must again produce more wood and that, on account of global warming, protective forests will become even more important than they already are today.

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