scholarly journals 511 - Examining the Impact of Individualized Music for Patients on A Geriatric Psychiatry Unit

2021 ◽  
Vol 33 (S1) ◽  
pp. 62-62
Author(s):  
Carol Ward ◽  
Caili Wu ◽  
Lissah Heer ◽  
Sarah Farmer ◽  
Caleigh Treissman ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mental Health ◽  
Classical Music ◽  
Statistical Significance ◽  
Geriatric Psychiatry ◽  
T Test ◽  
Music Listening ◽  
Paired Samples ◽  
The Difference ◽  
Individualized Music ◽  
The Impact

Background:Clinicians are encouraged to use non-pharmacologic interventions first as part of the treatment of responsive behaviours due to mental health conditions. Music therapy is an example of such an intervention. In recent years, there has been an increased research focus on individualized music (IM) because it considers patient’s personal music preferences. However, the findings of whether IM listening is more beneficial than general music listening has been inconsistent.Objective:This study is to further compare the effects of IM and elevator (baseline) music listening on enjoyment behaviours of geriatric inpatients.Methods:Fifteen participants were recruited from a geriatric psychiatry unit in an acute tertiary mental health facility in British Columbia, Canada. Their mean age was 74 years and their mean MMSE was 18. Each participant attended two 30-minute music listening sessions. Each session included a 15-minute baseline music playlist and a 15-minute IM playlist. The sequence of the two playlists was counterbalanced for each participant across the two sessions. The IM playlists were created by interviewing each participant with a personalized music preference questionnaire. The baseline (elevator) playlist was simply consisted of instrumental, non-lyrical jazz and classical music and was the same for every participant. The enjoyment behaviors during the sessions for each participant were measured by the Enjoyment Behavioral Coding Scheme (EBCS), which was developed for this project based on previous literature and was shown to have a good inter rater reliability.Results:The average total scores of the EBCS across two sessions of IM and baseline music listening were calculated for each participant. Paired samples t-test was used to compare the scores. Though the mean total score of the EBCS for IM session was higher than that for the baseline session, the t-test showed the difference did not reach statistical significance.Conclusion:Participants appeared to enjoy both the IM and baseline music sessions equally.

scholarly journals Exploring the Impact of Individualized Research Consultations Using Pre and Posttesting in an Academic Library: A Mixed Methods Study

2019 ◽  
Vol 14 (1) ◽  
pp. 2-21 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lindsey Sikora ◽  
Karine Fournier ◽  
Jamie Rebner
Keyword(s):  
Mixed Methods ◽  
Confidence Level ◽  
Statistical Significance ◽  
Academic Library ◽  
Search Strategies ◽  
T Test ◽  
Search Techniques ◽  
Confidence Levels ◽  
Paired Samples ◽  
The Impact

Abstract Objective – Academic librarians consistently offer individualized help to students and researchers. Few studies have empirically examined the impact of individualized research consultations (IRCs). For many librarians, IRCs are an integral part of their teaching repertoire. However, without any evidence of an IRC’s effectiveness or value, one might ask if it’s worth investing so much time and effort. Our study explored the impact of IRCs on students' search techniques and self-perceived confidence levels. We attempted to answer the following questions: 1) Do IRCs improve students’ information searching techniques, including the proper use of keywords and/or subject headings, the accurate use of Boolean operators, and the appropriate selection of specialized resources/databases? 2) Do IRCs influence students’ confidence level in performing effective search strategies? Methods – Our study used a mixed-methods approach. Our participants were students from the Faculties of Health Sciences and Medicine at the University of Ottawa, completing an undergraduate or graduate degree, and undertaking a research or thesis project. Participants were invited to complete two questionnaires, one before and one after meeting with a librarian. The questionnaires consisted of open-ended and multiple choice questions, which assessed students' search techniques, their self-perceived search techniques proficiency and their confidence level. A rubric was used to score students' open-ended questions, and self-reflective questions were coded and analyzed for content using the software QSR NVivo. Results – Twenty-nine completed pre and posttests were gathered from February to September 2016. After coding the answers using the rubric, two paired-samples t-tests were conducted. The first t-test shows that students’ ability to use appropriate keywords was approaching statistical significance. The second t-test showed a statistically significant increase in students’ ability to use appropriate search strings from the pretest to the posttest. We performed a last paired-samples t-test to measure students’ confidence level before and after the appointment, and a statistically significant increase in confidence level was found. Conclusion – Out of three paired t-tests performed, two showed a statistically significant difference from the pretest to the posttest, with one t-test approaching statistical significance. The analysis of our qualitative results also supports the statement that IRCs have a positive real impact on students’ search techniques and their confidence levels. Future research may explore specific techniques to improve search strategies across various disciplines, tips to improve confidence levels, and exploring the viewpoint of librarians.  

Tests for Probability of A Reaction and Difference Between Reactions Where Treatment Increases Marker-Values of Particular Subjects but Decreases Others

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Torao Ishida ◽  
Ken Takagi ◽  
Gui-feng Wang ◽  
Nobuyuki Tanahashi ◽  
Jun Kawanokuchi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Statistical Significance ◽  
T Test ◽  
Rank Test ◽  
Combination Antiretroviral Therapy ◽  
Cd4 Counts ◽  
Paired Samples ◽  
Signed Rank ◽  
Immunodeficiency Virus ◽  
Signed Rank Test ◽  
The Difference

Abstract PD-1 has a role in regulating the response of the immune system to the cells of the human body. Paris et al. reported that combination antiretroviral therapy did not change % CD4+ of PD-1highCTLA-4lowCD127high early/intermediated T cells of human immunodeficiency virus infected patients but increased the percent of the marker limited to initial CD4 counts <200 with Wilcoxon signed-rank test. We hypothesized that the treatment increased the marker value in patients whose initial marker value is less than a particular value and decreased the marker value in other patients and that the test misleadingly concluded that the treatment did not change the marker value. General subgroup analyses correctly estimate the statistical significance of such a reaction or difference between such reactions only when the reaction of both of subgroups or both difference between such subgroups is statistically significant. We propose Ishida’ t-test for paired samples that can correctly judge the probability without division of the group into subgroups, and Ishida’ t-test for unpaired samples that can correctly judge the statistical significance of the difference between such reactions. We also showed that many treatments cause such increase and decrease of marker values relating PD-1 of subjects.

scholarly journals Moral Rights Laws and Income Disparity Between Artists in High and Low GDP States

2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Victoria Avanesov ◽  
Robert Hodgson
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
Statistical Significance ◽  
Well Being ◽  
The United States ◽  
T Test ◽  
Data Availability ◽  
Moral Rights ◽  
Difference In Differences ◽  
The Difference ◽  
The Impact

The United States' laissez-faire approach to moral rights legislation has left many academics questioning the impact that these laws have on artists' welfare. In using artists' income as one component of measuring overall well-being, states with additional statewide moral rights legislation have been shown to contribute to more significant artist losses, in contrast to states with only federal legislation. At the same time, moral rights laws have been shown to have no impact on artists' choice of residency, leaving some artists possibly disadvantaged regarding their choice of residency. Utilizing a difference in differences framework, this paper explores the impact of moral rights legislation on artists' weekly incomes between moral rights states of varying outputs of GDP. Although results suggested that artists would lose approximately $0.18 per one billion dollar increase in GDP at the statewide level, after conducting an additional t-test, these findings were shown to have no statistical significance. Several limitations, most prominently a lack of data availability in the pre-law values required for the difference in differences framework, may have contributed to these findings. These indeterminate results leave the question of whether some artists remain economically disadvantaged as a result of moral rights legislation uncertain.  

scholarly journals Impacts of COVID-19 on the Food Supply Chain: A Case Study on Saudi Arabia

2021 ◽  
Vol 14 (1) ◽  
pp. 254
Author(s):  
Alhanouf Abdulrahman Alsuwailem ◽  
Emad Salem ◽  
Abdul Khader Jilani Saudagar ◽  
Abdullah AlTameem ◽  
Mohammed AlKhathami ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Saudi Arabia ◽  
Supply Chain ◽  
Food Supply ◽  
T Test ◽  
Statistical Hypothesis ◽  
Food Supply Chain ◽  
Paired Samples ◽  
The Difference ◽  
Precautionary Measures ◽  
The Impact

The entire world is suffering from the post-COVID-19 crisis, and governments are facing problems concerning the provision of satisfactory food and services to their citizens through food supply chain systems. During pandemics, it is difficult to handle the demands of consumers, to overcome food production problems due to lockdowns, work with minimum manpower, follow import and export trade policies, and avoid transportation disruptions. This study aims to analyze the behavior of food imports in Saudi Arabia and how this pandemic and its resulting precautionary measures have affected the food supply chain. We performed a statistical analysis and extracted descriptive measures prior to applying hybrid statistical hypothesis tests to study the behavior of the food chain. The paired samples t-test was used to study differences while the independent samples t-test was used to study differences in means at the level of each item and country, followed by the comparison of means test in order to determine the difference and whether it is increasing or decreasing. According to the results, Saudi Arabia experienced significant effects on the number of items shipped and the countries that supplied these items. The paired samples t-test showed a change in the behavior of importing activities by—47% for items and countries. The independent t-test revealed that 24 item groups and 86 countries reflected significant differences in the mean between the two periods. However, the impact on 41 other countries was almost negligible. In addition, the comparison of means test found that 68% of item groups were significantly reduced and 24% were increased, while only 4% of the items remained the same. From a country perspective, 65% of countries showed a noticeable decrease and 16% a significant increase, while 19% remained the same.

scholarly journals Family Climate Patterns and Its Relationship with Self-Concept among Students at the University of Islamic Sciences in light of the Variables of Gender and Age

2017 ◽  
Vol 9 (1) ◽  
pp. 145
Author(s):  
Fatima Mohammad Rashed Al Talahin ◽  
Hana Khaled Al –Raqqad ◽  
Eman Saeed Al- Bourini ◽  
Bilal Adel Al-Kateeb
Keyword(s):  
Pearson Correlation ◽  
Statistical Significance ◽  
Self Concept ◽  
Family Climate ◽  
Gender And Age ◽  
Climate Patterns ◽  
The Difference ◽  
The University ◽  
The Impact ◽  
The Relationship

The aim of this study is to clarify the relationship between self-concept and patterns of family climate among students at the University of Islamic Sciences, and also aimed to investigate the effect of gender and age on this relationship.The sample of the study consisted of a group of students were selected randomly, totaling (139) students; (58) male and (81) female students.Two questionnaires were distributed on 139 students. The first questionnaire was on the impact of patterns of family climate on self-concept and the second one about self-concept. Then the researcher analyzed the results of each item in the questionnaire using appropriated statistical methods, calculated the correlation between self-concept and patterns of family climate using the Pearson correlation coefficient, and G-test to find the difference between correlation coefficients.The results showed a positive statistical significance relationship between family climate patterns on one hand and between self-concept in all its dimensions on the other hand.

scholarly journals The influence of kihap on the impact of Dolio-chagui kicks in taekwondo

2014 ◽  
Vol 20 (1) ◽  
pp. 54-57
Author(s):  
Rodrigo Dias Martins ◽  
Debora Cantergi ◽  
Jefferson Fagundes Loss
Keyword(s):  
Martial Arts ◽  
Random Order ◽  
T Test ◽  
Real Effect ◽  
The Real ◽  
The Mean ◽  
The Difference ◽  
The Impact

The kihapis a technique used in several oriental martial arts. It is a yell used by practitioners with the ex pectation of enhancing the force of a hit. However, the real effect of using the kihapis unknown. Therefore, this study aims to compare the peak of acceleration of the Dolio-chaguikick in taekwondo performed with and without the use of kihap. Twenty two experienced taekwondo practitioners performed 30 kicks each against a punching bag, alternating in random order with and without kihap, while the acceleration of the punching bag was measured. A t-test was used to compare the difference between the mean acceleration in both conditions. Higher values were found with the use of kihap(7.8 ± 2.8 g) than without the use of kihap(7.1 ± 2.4 g), p< 0.01, r= 0.57. The results indicate that kihapenhances the impact of the kick.

Utility of Rapid On-Site Cytologic Evaluation during Endobronchial Ultrasound-Guided Transbronchial Needle Aspiration in Malignant and Nonmalignant Disease

2018 ◽  
Vol 62 (5-6) ◽  
pp. 380-385 ◽  
Author(s):  
Pietro Gianella ◽  
Paola M. Soccal ◽  
Jérôme Plojoux ◽  
Isabelle Frésard ◽  
Jean-Claude Pache ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Statistical Significance ◽  
Daily Practice ◽  
Needle Aspiration ◽  
Multivariate Model ◽  
Endobronchial Ultrasound ◽  
Moderate Increase ◽  
Ultrasound Guided ◽  
Transbronchial Needle Aspiration ◽  
The Difference ◽  
The Impact

Background: Endobronchial ultrasound-guided transbronchial needle aspiration (EBUS-TBNA) is an accurate procedure to sample mediastinal tissue. Rapid on-site cytologic evaluation (ROSE) has been advocated to improve the performance of this procedure, but its benefit remains controversial. Our objective is to assess the utility of ROSE for EBUS-TBNA diagnostic accuracy among unselected patients. Methods: We prospectively collected data from all consecutive EBUS-TBNA procedures performed between 2008 and 2014. ROSE was introduced since 2011 in our daily practice. The accuracy of EBUS-TBNA with and without ROSE was compared in a univariate and multivariate model accounting for confounding factors. The impact of ROSE was then analyzed according to the etiology and size of the lesions. Results: Among 348 EBUS-TBNA procedures analyzed, 213 were performed with ROSE. The overall accuracy tended to be better with ROSE than without (90.6 vs. 84.4%; p = 0.082). After adjustment in a multivariate model, the benefit of ROSE still did not reach statistical significance (adjusted odds ratio 1.86; 95% confidence interval 0.79–4.41). Similar results were obtained in subgroups of patients with malignant disease or sarcoidosis. The size of the lesion did not influence the impact of ROSE on accuracy. Conclusions: ROSE was associated with a moderate increase in the accuracy of EBUS-TBNA, but the difference was not statistically significant. The same effect of ROSE was observed in malignant and nonmalignant lesions and this effect was not influenced by the lesion’s size.

scholarly journals Influence of tourist flows intensity on market of passenger air carriages

2019 ◽  
Vol 67 ◽  
pp. 02006
Author(s):  
Yuliia Lola ◽  
Mariya Aldoshyna
Keyword(s):  
Economic Development ◽  
Regression Model ◽  
Statistical Significance ◽  
Tourism Development ◽  
The State ◽  
T Test ◽  
Direct Connection ◽  
Tourist Flows ◽  
Economic Regions ◽  
The Impact

This research deals with the impact of intensity of inbound and outbound tourism on the sphere of passenger air carriages, based on the dataset that covers the indicators across different economic regions over the period of 2015-2017. The results based on building a correlation-regression model have shown that there is a close connection between tourism development and passenger carriages intensity. Verification of the model by the criteria of Fisher and Student (F-test and t-test) have proved the hypothesis about its statistical significance only after excluding five countries, for which no direct connection is observed between the chosen indictors. Further research has shown that the level of the country economic development does not influence the passenger air carriages industry. Specific attention is paid to the state and main tendencies of passenger air carriages industry in Ukraine. Impact of tourism on this kind of activity is analysed. The basic measures to increase its efficiency are highlighted.

scholarly journals Enhancing English Learners’ Willingness to Communicate through Debate and Philosophy Inquiry Discussion

2017 ◽  
Vol 10 (8) ◽  
pp. 145
Author(s):  
Mardziah Shamsudin ◽  
Moomala Othman ◽  
Maryam Jahedi ◽  
Dalia Aralas
Keyword(s):  
Second Language ◽  
Data Analysis ◽  
English Learners ◽  
Discussion Group ◽  
T Test ◽  
Willingness To Communicate ◽  
Classroom Discussion ◽  
Paired Samples ◽  
Esl Learners ◽  
The Impact

The present study investigated the impact of two instructional methods, Debate and Philosophy Inquiry (PI), in enhancing Willingness to Communicate (WTC) among two groups of English as a Second Language (ESL) learners who were randomly selected. In each group there were sixteen participants. The researchers used independent samples t-test and paired samples t-test to analyze the collected data. The data analysis using paired samples t-test showed that both methods of instruction have a significant effect on learners’ WTC. However, the learners’ WTC increased more in Debate group comparing to the Philosophy Inquiry classroom discussion group. The results indicate that Debate is more effective than Philosophy Inquiry classroom discussion in enhancing ESL learners’ WTC.

scholarly journals Reproducibility and reliability of three-dimensional soft tissue landmark identification using three-dimensional stereophotogrammetry

2016 ◽  
Vol 86 (6) ◽  
pp. 1004-1009 ◽  
Author(s):  
Asli Baysal ◽  
Ahmet Oguz Sahan ◽  
Mehmet Ali Ozturk ◽  
Tancan Uysal
Keyword(s):  
Soft Tissue ◽  
Statistical Significance ◽  
Intraclass Correlation ◽  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Correlation Coefficients ◽  
Intraclass Correlation Coefficients ◽  
Paired Samples ◽  
Landmark Identification ◽  
The Difference ◽  
Intraexaminer Reliability

ABSTRACT Objective: To evaluate the intraexaminer repeatability and interexaminer reproducibility of soft tissue landmarks on three-dimensional (3-D) stereophogrammetric images. Materials and Methods: Thirty-four stereophotogrammetric images were taken and 19 soft tissue points were identified. The images were obtained using the 3-DMD Face (3-DMD TM Ltd, Atlanta, Ga) system. Two examiners marked 34 images manually with a mouse-driven cursor 4 weeks apart. Intraexaminer marking differences were calculated and classified as &lt;0.5 mm, 0.5–1 mm, and &gt;1 mm. Intraclass correlation coefficients were calculated for intraexaminer reliability. A paired-samples t-test was used to evaluate the difference between the examiners. Interexaminer reproducibility was evaluated by kappa analysis. Statistical significance was set at P &lt; .05. Results: Only one landmark (labiale superior) had an intraexaminer marking difference less than 0.5 mm. Existing landmarks had an intraexaminer difference less than 1 mm, but higher than 0.5 mm. The intraclass correlation coefficients (ICCs) indicated good intraexaminer repeatability for both observers. The ICC range for examiners 1 and 2 was 0.986–1.000 and 0.990–1.000, respectively. Kappa scores showed good interexaminer agreement, especially on the z-axis. Conclusions: Except labiale superior, the soft tissue landmarks used in this study were shown to have moderate reproducibility, but the difference between the landmarks was less than 1 mm, and they had clinically acceptable reproducibility.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document