Structure of Affect in Types of Anxiety and Depression

2019 ◽  
Vol 40 (2) ◽  
pp. 82-91
Author(s):  
Ewa Domaradzka ◽  
Małgorzata Fajkowska
Keyword(s):  
Anxiety And Depression ◽  
Positive And Negative Affect ◽  
Regression Analyses ◽  
Structural Components ◽  
Affective Functioning ◽  
Similarities And Differences ◽  
Anhedonic Depression ◽  
Structure And Functions ◽  
Anxiety Arousal ◽  
Expanded Form

Abstract. Although anxiety and depression are treated as separate conditions, the literature concerning their affective functioning is inconclusive. To address this issue, we analyzed types of anxiety (arousal and apprehension) and depression (valence and anhedonic). We hypothesized that the similarities and differences in the structure of affect would be related to the specific structural components and functions (reactive or regulative) of the types. We assessed the valence (negative and positive affect) and content (specific emotions) of affect by the Positive and Negative Affect Schedule – Expanded Form (PANAS-X) in 1,632 participants from a general population. Regression analyses showed that the anxiety and depression types (measured by Anxiety and Depression Questionnaire) can be differentiated by the content of affect, but not its valence: Fear was characteristic for anxiety, especially the arousal anxiety. Valence depression was primarily related to hostility, while anhedonic depression was predicted by sadness, guilt, and lowered joviality. Moreover, as expected, regulative emotions (e.g., joviality) were stronger predictors of the regulative apprehension anxiety and anhedonic depression, while the more reactive fear was more strongly related to the reactive arousal anxiety than to regulative apprehension anxiety. These results confirm that the structure of affect is related to the structure and functions of anxiety and depression types.

scholarly journals How Is Sleep Related to Anxiety or Depression in Older Adults With Dementia?

2020 ◽  
Vol 4 (Supplement_1) ◽  
pp. 619-619
Author(s):  
Yeji Hwang ◽  
Nancy Hodgson
Keyword(s):  
Anxiety And Depression ◽  
Regression Analyses ◽  
Subjective Sleep Quality ◽  
Subjective Sleep ◽  
Significant Relationships ◽  
People With Dementia ◽  
The Family ◽  
Study Participants ◽  
Anxiety Depression ◽  
The Relationship

Abstract Anxiety and depression are one of the most distressing symptoms for the family caregivers. Little is known about the relationship between sleep impairments and anxiety/depression in this population and how objective and subjective sleep measures differ in relation to anxiety. This study was designed to examine the relationship between sleep impairments and anxiety/depression in people with dementia, using both subjective and objective sleep measures. Among the 170 study participants, 50% (n=85) reported to have anxiety/depression. In univariate logistic regression analyses on anxiety/depression, adjusting for dementia stage, people with more subjective sleep impairment had higher odds of having anxiety/depression (OR=1.111; 95% CI: 1.020-1.211, p=0.016) and people with poorer subjective sleep quality had higher odds of having anxiety/depression (OR=1.702; 95% CI: 1.046-2.769, p=0.032). Objective sleep measures from actigraphy did not show any significant relationships to anxiety/depression. The results suggest that subjective sleep measures are closely related to anxiety/depression in this population.

scholarly journals Ansiedad, depresión y malestar emocional en los profesionales sanitarios de las Unidades de Cuidados Intensivos

2015 ◽  
Vol 31 (2) ◽  
pp. 743
Author(s):  
Sandra Gómez-Martínez ◽  
Rafael Ballester-Arnal ◽  
Beatriz Gil-Juliá ◽  
Ricardo Abizanda-Campos
Keyword(s):  
Mental Health ◽  
Gender Differences ◽  
Intensive Care ◽  
Health Workers ◽  
Anxiety And Depression ◽  
Subjective Perception ◽  
Depression And Anxiety ◽  
Regression Analyses ◽  
Daily Contact ◽  
Emotional Effects

<p class="textoteoradef">Health Workers (HW) who work in the Intensive Care Units (ICU), are not exempt from emotional effects of coping with suffering and death situations daily. Many studies in HW have focused on the <em>burnout</em> syndrome and have presented anxiety and depression as consequences of this syndrome. The aim of this work is to assess the anxiety and depression problems, as well as the subjective perception of mood of the ICU health workers. Participants were 117 ICU health workers of a Hospital in the Valencian Community (Spain). The descriptive analyses show that between 14.6-20% and a 4-7% of participants have symptoms of anxiety and depression, respectively. Differential analyses, show gender differences in several measures of anxiety, as well as on depression scores. Age and experience are related to depression and anxiety. Furthermore, we performed regression analyses to know the importance of the different variables in the presence of symptoms of anxiety and depression. The results show that working in daily contact with suffering and death, in a Unit in which the demands are many, could have implications for the mental health of professionals.</p>

Anxiety and Depression Questionnaire--Anhedonic Depression

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Małgorzata Fajkowska ◽  
Ewa Domaradzka ◽  
Agata Wytykowska
Keyword(s):  
Anxiety And Depression ◽  
Anhedonic Depression

scholarly journals THE EARLY BIRD GETS THE WORM, NOT ANXIETY OR DEPRESSION: HOW INSOMNIA SYMPTOMS PREDICT ANXIETY AND DEPRESSION

2019 ◽  
Vol 3 (Supplement_1) ◽  
pp. S45-S45
Author(s):  
Courtney J Bolstad ◽  
Anisha L Thomas ◽  
Michael R Nadorff
Keyword(s):  
Older Adults ◽  
Depressive Symptoms ◽  
Anxiety Symptoms ◽  
Anxiety And Depression ◽  
Depression And Anxiety ◽  
Regression Analyses ◽  
Symptoms Of Depression ◽  
Early Bird ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Insomnia Symptoms

Abstract Symptoms of insomnia are associated with symptoms of depression and anxiety in older adults, yet less is known about the impact of specific forms of insomnia (i.e. onset, maintenance, and terminal insomnia). We explored how insomnia type predicted symptoms of anxiety and depression in older adults (n = 133; mean age 69, range 65-89). We hypothesized that onset and maintenance insomnia would have stronger relations to depression and anxiety than terminal insomnia. Regression analyses indicated that onset insomnia was the only significant predictor of anxiety symptoms, and maintenance was the only significant predictor of depressive symptoms. Thus, our findings suggest that despite overlap between depression and anxiety, insomnia may have different mechanisms of affecting each disorder. Implications for the treatment of anxiety and depressive symptoms by addressing insomnia problems will be discussed.

Affective Outcomes in Competitive Youth Sport: The Influence of Intrapersonal and Socialization Factors

1988 ◽  
Vol 10 (3) ◽  
pp. 307-321 ◽  
Author(s):  
Robert J. Brustad
Keyword(s):  
Negative Affect ◽  
Self Esteem ◽  
Motivational Orientation ◽  
Self Report ◽  
Positive And Negative Affect ◽  
Regression Analyses ◽  
Young Athletes ◽  
Affective Outcomes ◽  
Parental Pressure ◽  
Competence Motivation

This study was designed to examine potential correlates of positive and negative affect experienced by young athletes during a competitive sport season. An index of both positive affect, season-long enjoyment, and negative affect, competitive trait anxiety (CTA) were included. The study was grounded within Harter's (1978, 1981a) theory of competence motivation. Male and female participants (N=207) in an agency-sponsored youth basketball league completed self-report measures of self-esteem, perceived basketball competence, intrinsic/extrinsic motivational orientation, perceived parental pressure, and frequency of performance and evaluative worries. Team win/loss records and estimates of each player's ability were obtained from the coaches. Multiple regression analyses revealed that for both boys and girls, greater enjoyment was predicted by high intrinsic motivation and low perceived parental pressure. High CTA was predicted for both boys and girls by low self-esteem. These findings are consistent with predictions stemming from competence motivation theory.

Structure and functions of forming legal competence in the educational process of professional training

2020 ◽  
Vol 3 (117) ◽  
pp. 187-196
Author(s):  
T. Musalimov ◽  
◽  
B. Bermukhambetova ◽  
R. Praliyeva ◽  
◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Professional Training ◽  
Legal Framework ◽  
Educational Process ◽  
Theoretical Research ◽  
Professional Activity ◽  
Structural Components ◽  
Integrative Education ◽  
Legal Competence ◽  
Pedagogical Literature ◽  
Structure And Functions

This paper discusses aspects related to the formation of professional and legal competence in the process of scientific and educational process of training bachelors of engineering and technical profile. A modern professional should be not only qualified literate, but also socially competent, and also often legally literate, be able to coordinate, manage and obey himself, resolve conflicts and be able to make decisions within the existing legal framework, etc. For this, it is advisable for a future bachelor know legislative and other regulatory legal acts, be able to use them productively in practical professional work. Purpose of the study: to determine the essence and properties of the structural components of the formation of legal competence of bachelors in the process of vocational training. When solving particular problems of theoretical research, methods were comprehensively used such as analysis of methodological, philosophical, sociological, psychological, pedagogical literature on the problem of research, study of legislative and regulatory acts on higher education and the functioning of technical institutions, synthesis and generalization of information received on subject of research. The structure of legal competence, as well as objective and subjective properties of legal competence are revealed. Legal competence is presented as a complex, integrative education, consisting of a complex system of knowledge, abilities, skills and individual qualities of a future bachelor of engineering and technical specialties. Moreover, the content of legal knowledge should be adequate to the professional activity of the future bachelor, and only if this condition is met this knowledge will contribute to the improvement of his legal competence.

THE EMPLOYABILITY OF PSYCHOLOGISTS IN ACADEMIC SETTINGS: A CROSS-VALIDATION

1983 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
pp. 17-22 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. Y. Quereshi
Keyword(s):  
Cognitive Complexity ◽  
Cross Validation ◽  
Assistant Professor ◽  
Stepwise Multiple Regression ◽  
Regression Analyses ◽  
Search Committee ◽  
Academic Settings ◽  
Curriculum Vitae ◽  
Similarities And Differences ◽  
The Stability

The curriculum vitae (CV) of 117 applicants for the position of assistant professor of psychology were analyzed to yield four cross-validated factors which were used as predictors in six stepwise multiple regression analyses, as well as in a canonical analysis, with ratings of 117 CVs by five members of a search committee being the criteria. Comparisons of the results of the present study with those of the previous one for which the data were collected four years ago indicated considerable correspondence in regard to (a) the stability of the factors and of their relative contributions to the multiple Rs and (b) the similarities and differences among the judges with respect to their cognitive complexity and selectivity.

Worry and Rumination in Anorexia Nervosa

2012 ◽  
Vol 41 (3) ◽  
pp. 301-316 ◽  
Author(s):  
Helen Startup ◽  
Anna Lavender ◽  
Anna Oldershaw ◽  
Richard Stott ◽  
Kate Tchanturia ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Anorexia Nervosa ◽  
Eating Disorder ◽  
Anxiety Disorder ◽  
Anxiety And Depression ◽  
Healthy Controls ◽  
Regression Analyses ◽  
Set Shifting ◽  
Neuropsychological Measures ◽  
Comparison Groups ◽  
Core Features

Background: Difficulties with comprehending and managing emotions are core features of the pathology of anorexia nervosa (AN). Advancements in understanding aetiology and treatment have been made within other clinical domains by targeting worry and rumination. However, worry and rumination have been given minimal consideration in AN. Aims: This study is the largest to date of worry and rumination in AN. Method: Sixty-two outpatients with a diagnosis of AN took part. Measures of worry, rumination, core AN pathology and neuropsychological correlates were administered. Results: Findings suggest that worry and rumination are elevated in AN patients compared with both healthy controls and anxiety disorder comparison groups. Regression analyses indicated that worry and rumination were significant predictors of eating disorder symptomatology, over and above the effects of anxiety and depression. Worry and rumination were not associated with neuropsychological measures of set-shifting and focus on detail. Conclusions: The data suggest that worry and rumination are major concerns for this group and warrant further study.

Comorbidity of Social Anxiety Disorder and Depression

2014 ◽  
Author(s):  
Julia K. Langer ◽  
Thomas L. Rodebaugh
Keyword(s):  
Major Depressive Disorder ◽  
Anxiety Disorder ◽  
Social Anxiety ◽  
Social Anxiety Disorder ◽  
The Other ◽  
High Rate ◽  
Anxiety And Depression ◽  
Positive And Negative Affect ◽  
Major Depressive ◽  
Causal Pathways

Social anxiety disorder (SAD) and major depressive disorder (MDD) are prevalent disorders that exhibit a high rate of co-occurrence. Furthermore, these disorders have been shown to be associated with each other, suggesting that the presence of one disorder increases risk for the other disorder. In this chapter, we discuss relevant theories that attempt to explain why SAD and MDD are related. We propose that the available evidence provides support for conceptualizing the comorbidity of SAD and MDD as resulting from a shared underlying vulnerability. There is evidence that this underlying vulnerability is genetic in nature and related to trait-like constructs such as positive and negative affect. We also discuss the possibility that the underlying vulnerability may confer tendencies toward certain patterns of thinking. Finally, we discuss theories that propose additional causal pathways between the disorders such as direct pathways from one disorder to the other. We advocate for a psychoevolutionary conceptualization that links the findings on the underlying cognitions to the shared relation of lower positive affect and the findings on peer victimization. We suggest that, in addition to a shared underlying vulnerability, the symptoms of social anxiety and depression may function as a part of a behavior trap in which attempts to cope with perceived social exclusion lead to even higher levels of social anxiety and depression. Finally, we make recommendations for the best methods for assessing SAD and MDD as well as suggestions for treating individuals with both disorders.

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