scholarly journals Variation of qualitative and quantitative traits in day old chick crossbred of Bangkok and Lohman laying hens

2022 ◽  
Vol 335 ◽  
pp. 00041
Author(s):  
Yuli Frita Nuningtyas ◽  
Muhammad Halim Natsir ◽  
Veronica Margaretha Ani Nurgiartiningsih ◽  
Suci Puji Lestari ◽  
Muhamad Nadhif Athariq
Keyword(s):  
Body Weight ◽  
Quantitative Traits ◽  
Laying Hens ◽  
The Body ◽  
National Standard ◽  
Qualitative Trait ◽  
Qualitative And Quantitative ◽  
Research Material ◽  
Black Feather ◽  
The Mean

The purpose of this research was to evaluate the body weight based on feather color and shank color in one-day-old (DOC) crossbred of Bangkok and Lohmann laying hens. The research material used was 373 Crossbred Day-Old Chick (DOC). The variables measured were body weight as quantitative traits, therefore feather and shank color as qualitative traits. The results showed that the feather color of Crossbred chicken varied, namely brown, grey, white, yellow, and black, with a percentage of 17.69%, 1.87%, 6.87%, 42.62%, and 30.83%, respectively. The shank colors were yellow and black, with a rate of 67.56% and 32.42%, respectively. The mean body weight for brown, grey, white, yellow, and black feather color was 40.12 ± 4.38 g; 42.43 ± 2.76 g; 40.65 ± 3.03 g; 39.82 ± 3.38 g; and 39.61 ± 3.67 g, respectively. The analysis showed that body weight was not different between feather colors. The highest percentage of color for feather and shank was yellow. The quantitative traits measured in crossbred DOC of Bangkok and Lohmann were above the DOC national standard. The results showed that the dominant qualitative trait in Crossbred chicken for feather color was yellow at 42.62%, shank color was yellow at 67.56%.

Effect of High Plane of Nutrition on Blood Biochemical Profile and Onset of Puberty in Prepubertal HF X Kankrej Crossbred Heifers

2019 ◽  
Vol 15 (02) ◽  
pp. 14-17
Author(s):  
K K Hadiya ◽  
A J Dhami ◽  
D V Chaudhari ◽  
P M Lunagariya
Keyword(s):  
Body Weight ◽  
Treatment Group ◽  
Plasma Levels ◽  
Age Of Onset ◽  
The Body ◽  
Monthly Interval ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Blood Biochemical ◽  
Lower Protein ◽  
The Mean

This study was initiated on 24 prepubertal Holstein x Kankrej crossbred heifers of nearly identical age (7-9 months) and body weight (130-140 kg) at University farm to evaluate the effect of high plane of nutrition on blood biochemical and minerals profile and the age at puberty. Twelve heifers were managed under routine farm feeding (control) and the rest 12 under ideal optimum feeding regime (treatment) that included extra 1 kg concentrate, 30 g min mix and ad-lib dry fodder. The body weight and ovarian ultrasonography together with blood sampling was carried out at monthly interval from 10 to 18 months of age to study the ovarian dynamics and blood biochemical changes. High plane of nutrition to growing heifers was beneficial in reducing the age of onset of puberty (by 2-3 months) compared to routine farm fed group. The mean plasma total protein and cholesterol concentrations showed a rising trend with significant variations from 10 to 16 months of age, where it got mostly stabilized indicating adult profile. The activity of enzymes GOT and GPT also rose gradually and significantly from 10 months till 14-15 months of age, and thereafter it remained more or less static till 18 months of age. The levels of both these enzymes were higher, with lower protein and cholesterol, in control than the treatment group from 15-16 months of age onwards. The mean plasma levels of both calcium and phosphorus increased gradually and significantly with advancing age till 16-17 months of age, with little higher values in supplemented than a control group. The plasma levels of zinc, iron, copper, and cobalt also showed rising trend with significant differences between 10th and 12th-14th months of age, and from 15th to 18th months of age the levels were statistically the same in all the groups with slightly higher values in the treatment group.

Respiratory Exchange and Body Size in the Aldabra Giant Tortoise

1971 ◽  
Vol 55 (3) ◽  
pp. 651-665 ◽  
Author(s):  
G. M. HUGHES ◽  
R. GAYMER ◽  
MARGARET MOORE ◽  
A. J. WOAKES
Keyword(s):  
Body Weight ◽  
Body Size ◽  
Metabolic Rate ◽  
Relative Proportion ◽  
The Body ◽  
O2 Consumption ◽  
Weight Range ◽  
Testudo Hermanni ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Good Agreement

1. The O2 consumption and CO2 release of nine giant tortoises Testudo gigantea (weight range 118 g-35·5 kg) were measured at a temperature of about 25·5°C. Four European tortoises Testudo hermanni (weight range 640 g-2·16 kg) were also used. The mean RQ values obtained were 1·01 for T. gigantea and 0·97 for T. hermanni. These values were not influenced by activity or size. 2. The data was analysed by plotting log/log regression lines relating body weight to O2 consumption. Both maximum and minimum metabolic rates recorded for each individual T. gigantea showed a negative correlation with body weight. For active rates the relation was O2 consumption = 140·8W0·97, whereas for inactive animals O2 consumption = 45·47W0·82. 3. The maximum rates were obtained from animals that were observed to be active in the respirometer and the minimum rates from animals that remained quiet throughout. The scope for activity increased with body size, being 82 ml/kg/h for animals of 100 g and 103 ml/kg/h for 100 kg animals. The corresponding ratio between maximum and minimum rates increases from about 2 to 6 for the same weight range. 4. Values for metabolic rate in T. hermanni seem to be rather lower than in T. gigantea. Analysis of the relative proportion of the shell and other organs indicates that the shell forms about 31% of the body weight in adult T. hermanni but only about 18% in T. gigantea of similar size. The shell is not appreciably heavier in adult T. gigantea (about 20%). 5. Data obtained for inactive animals is in good agreement with results of other workers using lizards and snakes. Previous evidence suggesting that chelonians show no reduction in metabolic rate with increasing size is not considered to conflict with data obtained in the present work.

scholarly journals Structural Organization of the Optic Lobe of Grey Breasted Helmeted Guinea Fowl (*Numida meleagris galeata*) at Pre-Hatch Study

2016 ◽  
Vol 7 (2) ◽  
pp. 26
Author(s):  
Wanmi Nathaniel ◽  
Onyeanusi I. Barth ◽  
Nzalak J. Oliver ◽  
Aluwong Tanang
Keyword(s):  
Body Weight ◽  
Structural Organization ◽  
Optic Lobe ◽  
Guinea Fowl ◽  
The Body ◽  
Whole Body ◽  
Steady Increase ◽  
Numida Meleagris ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Immature Cells

<p class="jbls-body"><span lang="EN-GB">A total of one hundred and seventy-three fertilized eggs were used for morphometry, gross and histological studies. At day 4 of incubation, the mean body weight of the helmeted guinea fowl embryo was 0.6401 ± 0.0211 g. It was at day 10 of incubation that there was an increase in the whole body weight of the embryo to be 0.8650 ± 0.676 g. The whole brain weight indicated relative increased at day 4 as compared to that of the whole body weight. Graphically, there were steady increase in the body, brain and optic lobe weights. Histologically, cells and neurones that make up the optic lobe is probably as a result of the migration of immature cells from the ventricular neuroepithelium. </span></p>

scholarly journals The effect of artificial sweeteners on body weight of mice

2021 ◽  
Vol 93 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Iyad Ali ◽  
Naser Shraim ◽  
Wafaa’ Atrash ◽  
Aisha Sirafi ◽  
Huda Abadi
Keyword(s):  
Body Weight ◽  
Food Intake ◽  
Fluid Intake ◽  
Weight Maintenance ◽  
Zingiber Officinale ◽  
The Body ◽  
Thymus Vulgaris ◽  
Artificial Sweeteners ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Daily Intakes

Artificial Sweeteners (AS) are synthetic sugar substitutes that have sweetening potency hundreds of times more than the table sugar (sucrose). Artificial sweeteners are regarded as attractive alternatives to sugar as they add no calories to food intake. There are many hypotheses suggesting that AS may enhance appetite and cause weight gain. The aim of this study was to evaluate the effect of AS on food intake, fluid intake and body weight of mice. Acceptable daily intakes of AS solutions were administered orally to different set of mice for four weeks. The body weight, food consumption and fluid intake were measured. At the same time, the effect of Zingiber officinale extracts (natural appetite suppressor), Thymus vulgaris extracts (natural appetite inducer) and cyproheptadine (an appetite stimulant drug) on body weight of mice was evaluated. Artificial sweeteners consumption cause insignificant changes in body weight (p>0.05). However, the mean consumption of food and solutions varies significantly for some groups. The consumption of AS has no significant effect on body weight and may contribute to weight maintenance and energy balance as substitutes to high caloric sugar

scholarly journals The Influence of the Mineral-Microbial Preparation on Ammonia Concentration and Productivity in Laying Hens Houses

Atmosphere ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 10 (12) ◽  
pp. 751 ◽  
Author(s):  
Remigiusz Gałęcki ◽  
Michał Dąbrowski ◽  
Tadeusz Bakuła ◽  
Kazimierz Obremski ◽  
Adriana Nowak ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Body Weight ◽  
Linear Correlation ◽  
Egg Production ◽  
Laying Hens ◽  
Animal Health ◽  
The Body ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Microbial Composition ◽  
Experimental Group ◽  
Campylobacter Spp

The aim of this study was to evaluate the influence of the biopreparation Deodoric® on ammonia (NH3) concentration, performance, and hygiene standards in laying hen (ROSS-308) production. Statistically significant differences in NH3 concentration and the body weight of laying hens were observed between the control group (C) and the experimental group (E) where Deodoric® was applied at the set dose. In the control group, an increase in NH3 concentration could have contributed to the decrease in the body weight of laying hens, egg production, and % hen day egg production, whereas no such correlations were observed in the experimental group. A moderate linear correlation between NH3 concentration vs. humidity (r = 0.68), air flow (r = 0.48) and weakly linear correlation between NH3 concentration and age of birds (r = 0.27) was noted in group C. In group E, NH3 concentration vs. temperature (r = 0.27) and humidity (r = 0.14) were weakly correlated. Statistical analysis of changes in the microbial counts isolated from manure revealed a significant decrease of mesophilic microorganisms on day 28 decrease of Campylobacter spp. days 14 and 84 in group E. However, for the entire experimental model no statistically significant changes in the number of Campylobacter spp. and mesophilic bacteria were found. The tested preparation did not cause changes in the microbial composition of tissue swabs. Deodoric® contributes to animal welfare by reducing the ammonia concentrations in poultry houses. It is also recommended for use in poultry farms to improve animal health and performance and to generate benefits for producers.

Maintenance rations for Merino sheep. IV. The performance of adult Merino ewes fed daily and weekly at three levels of energy intake

1957 ◽  
Vol 8 (1) ◽  
pp. 75 ◽  
Author(s):  
PK Briggs ◽  
MC Franklin ◽  
GL McClymont
Keyword(s):  
Body Weight ◽  
Sodium Chloride ◽  
Energy Intake ◽  
Survival Rates ◽  
Experimental Period ◽  
The Body ◽  
Merino Sheep ◽  
Wool Production ◽  
Body Weights ◽  
The Mean

Dry adult Merino ewes were fed at daily or weekly intervals on oat grain at levels which provided 4.0, 3.0, or 2.0 lb starch equivalent (S.E.) per sheep per week. The experimental periods were 223, 223, and 181 days respectively. Differences between the mean body weights of the ewes a t the three levels of feeding were highly significant (P < 0.001). Body weight varied only slightly and no losses occurred in ewes fed weekly at the rate of 4.0 lb S.E. per head. Ewes fed daily a t this level had a significantly greater mean body weight (P < 0.001) a t the conclusion of the 223-day experimental period. The addition of a sodium chloride supplement did not improve the body weight or wool production of ewes fed weekly a t the level of 4.0 lb S.E. The mean body weight of ewes fed at the levels of 3.0 or 2.0 lb S.E. per head declined over the first 12 and 18 respectively and thereafter remained relatively constant. There were no significant differences at these levels of feeding between groups fed daily and weekly in respect of body weight, wool production, or survival rates. Ewes fed a t the level of 4.0 lb S.E. grew significantly more wool than those given 3.0 lb S.E. (P < 0.001). Losses were negligible in all groups except those fed a t the level of 2.0 lb S.E. In these groups there were few deaths in the first 16 weeks, but in the subsequent 10 weeks losses totalled 17.1 per cent. Ewes fed a t the level of 2.0 lb S.E. consumed their rations at a significantly slower rate (P < 0.01) than did those fed a t the level of 4.0 lb S.E.

scholarly journals Effect of supplemented dietary protein on certain haematological values and meat yield characteristics of broiler birds

1970 ◽  
Vol 2 (2) ◽  
pp. 121-123 ◽  
Author(s):  
MS Alam ◽  
N Ahmad ◽  
MA Miah ◽  
R Islam
Keyword(s):  
Body Weight ◽  
Dietary Protein ◽  
Body Weight Gain ◽  
The Body ◽  
Meat Yield ◽  
Haematological Values ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Group B ◽  
Different Levels

The effect of different levels of supplemented dietary protein on body weight, certain haematological values and meat yield characteristics in 20 "Shaver Star Bro" broilers was studied during the period from 02 March to 12 April 2002. The broilers were randomly assigned to four equal groups (A to D) each consisting of 5 birds. Group A was considered as control, fed only with commercial ration and other three groups were treated with extra dietary protein supplement @ 5%, 10% and 15% as group B, C and D respectively. Increased body weight was recorded in group B and the body weight decreases as the level of protein increased from 5% to 10% and 15% and the decrease was linear. No differences in haematological values were observed among the groups but the TEC varied significantly (p < 0.05). The mean weight of breast meat, drum stick meat varied significantly (p < 0.01). The shank weight varied significantly (p < 0.05) but there was no significant difference among the mean weight of thigh meat and wing meat corresponding to the different levels of supplemented dietary protein. It can be concluded that 5% supplemented dietary protein with commercial ration gives better result in respect to body weight gain, haematological values and meat yield characteristics.Key words: dietary protein; haematological values; meat yield; broiler birdsdoi: 10.3329/bjvm.v2i2.2543Bangl. J. Vet. Med. (2004). 2 (2): 121-123

Selenium concentrations in tissues of sheep given a subcutaneous injection of barium selenate or sodium selenate

1994 ◽  
Vol 34 (5) ◽  
pp. 581 ◽  
Author(s):  
JA Archer ◽  
GJ Judson
Keyword(s):  
Body Weight ◽  
Subcutaneous Injection ◽  
Mean Value ◽  
The Body ◽  
Transient Increase ◽  
Sodium Selenate ◽  
Human Consumption ◽  
Protective Mechanism ◽  
Treatment Groups ◽  
The Mean

Young sheep were allocated to 6 treatment groups, each of 8 ewes and 8 wethers. Treatments given were nil, 0.1, or 0.5 mg selenium (Se)/kg body weight as a subcutaneous injection of sodium selenate (Na2SeO4), and 0.8, 1.4, or 2.9 mg Se/kg body weight as a subcutaneous injection of barium selenate (BaSeO4). At 14, 28, 56, and 112 days after treatment, 2 ewes and 2 wethers from each group were slaughtered and samples of blood, liver, kidney, cardiac and skeletal muscle, lymph nodes, and faeces were collected for Se assay. On days 0, 1, 3, 7, 13, 27, and 55 blood and spot faecal samples were taken for Se assay from the 24 sheep selected for slaughter on day 112. In sheep given Na2Se04 there was a rapid but transient increase in the mean Se concentration in tissues, particularly the liver of sheep given the highest dose of Na2SeO4. In these sheep on days 14,28,56, and 112 the respective mean liver concentrations were 169, 62,25, and 6.9 �mol/kg DM: the mean value on day 14 was 15 times the mean value in untreated sheep. In sheep given BaSeO4 there was a gradual increase in mean Se concentration of tissues during the experiment. Faecal Se concentrations increased in sheep given the Se injections. The marked but transient increase in liver Se concentrations in sheep given Na2SeO4 suggests that this organ provides an important protective mechanism against toxicity by readily accumulating and excreting Se into the gut. Our results indicate that the BaSeO4 doses were unlikely to cause Se toxicity in young sheep or result in Se residues in tissues above those recommended for human consumption. The BaSeO4 should be administered subcutaneously in the neck or other sites of the body not sold for human consumption, since deposits of BaSeO4 remain at the site of injection for at least 112 days and may be dangerous if inadvertently consumed.

Genetic studies of South Australian Merino sheep. I. Genetic change in fleece and body traits

1981 ◽  
Vol 32 (4) ◽  
pp. 641 ◽  
Author(s):  
IP Gregory ◽  
RW Ponzoni
Keyword(s):  
Body Weight ◽  
Genetic Change ◽  
Genetic Studies ◽  
Genetic Changes ◽  
Qualitative And Quantitative ◽  
Body Weights ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Fleece Weight ◽  
Linear Regressions ◽  
Selection Differentials

During the years 1953-67 one flock of South Australian Merinos was selected on clean fleece weight (the Index flock) and another on the basis of visual appraisal (the Visual flock). A large number of qualitative and quantitative traits were recorded. Linear regressions of differences between flock means on time were estimated for each trait; not many of the regressions were significant. However, greasy and clean fleece weights of Index animals increased significantly faster than those of Visual animals, and body weights of Visual animals increased significantly faster than those of Index animals. Realized selection differentials were estimated for all traits. There were significant selection differentials for greasy and clean fleece weights and yield in the Index flock, and for body weight and greasy fleece weight in the Visual flock. The response to selection was estimated for all traits by using two methods; regression of the trait on an individual's generation number, and comparison of the deviation from the overall mean of the mean of the progeny of a 3+-year-old sire with the deviation of the progeny of the same sire as a 2+-year-old. The estimate of genetic change in body weight was higher and genetic changes in clean and greasy fleece weights lower in Index animals, which was in contrast with an earlier result. However, when the least-squares means of these traits were compared, it was concluded that the Index flock did, in fact, achieve significantly greater responses in greasy and clean fleece weights and a significantly lower response in body weight than the Visual flock. It was therefore considered that, in these particular experiments, both methods of estimating genetic change had serious limitations.

scholarly journals Ovulation rate of lines of mice selected for testis weight

1976 ◽  
Vol 27 (1) ◽  
pp. 23-32 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. B. M. Mafizul Islam ◽  
W. G. Hill ◽  
R. B. Land
Keyword(s):  
Body Weight ◽  
Reproductive Performance ◽  
Genetic Correlations ◽  
The Body ◽  
Ovulation Rate ◽  
Testis Weight ◽  
Testis Size ◽  
Realized Heritability ◽  
Breeding Programmes ◽  
The Mean

SUMMARYSelection was practised in two replicates for both high and low testis weight in the mouse. Typically 7 males were selected out of 30 recorded for a total of 5 generations. From an initial average of 191 mg the mean divergence between high and low lines reached 112 mg, with a realized heritability of 0·52. The ovulation rate of the lines changed in the same direction as that of selection, the mean divergence was 2·0 eggs in primiparous females in generation 4 and 1·6 in nulliparous females in generation 5. Correlated changes in the body weight of both sexes also occurred but were inadequate to account for the observed change in ovulation rate. The genetic regressions of ovulation rate on testis weight were estimated to be 2·9 and 14 eggs/100 mg in primiparous and nulliparous females, respectively, which, along with data from other experiments, correspond to genetic correlations between testis weight and ovulation rate of 0·50 and 0·25 respectively. There were no correlated changes in litter size. The possibility of using male testis size in breeding programmes to improve female reproductive performance is discussed.

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