scholarly journals Au nanoparticles loaded Hydroxyapatite catalyst prepared from waste eggshell: synthesis, characterization and application in VOC removal

2022 ◽  
Vol 964 (1) ◽  
pp. 012027
Author(s):  
Luu Trung Thien ◽  
Le Nguyen Quang Tu ◽  
Bien Cong Trung ◽  
Nguyen Quang Long
Keyword(s):  
Egg Production ◽  
Au Nanoparticles ◽  
Fine Particles ◽  
Industrial Applications ◽  
Bet Surface Area ◽  
High Dispersion ◽  
Water Medium ◽  
Poultry Production ◽  
Support Material ◽  
Eggshell Waste

Abstract Eggshell, which is made almost entirely of calcium carbonate, is among the most abundant waste materials from poultry production. In 2018, the worldwide egg production exceeded 78 million metric tons which contributed to over 8 million metric tons of eggshell waste. However, this waste can be converted into useful materials for several industrial applications. Herein, hydroxyapatite (HAp) of fine particles was prepared using a green synthesis procedure in water medium from eggshell waste. Then, HAp was utilized as support material for loading different contents of Au nanoparticles (0.2 and 0.5 wt%). The materials were characterized by Brunauer-Emmett-Teller (BET) surface area analysis, Scanning Electron Microscopy with Energy Dispersive Spectroscopy (SEM-EDS), X-ray diffraction (XRD). The prepared catalysts were used for VOCs oxidation of formaldehyde in continuous flow and humid condition. In this study, Au/HAp (0.2 wt%) exhibited superior catalytic activity with good low-temperature reproducibility and high dispersion of particles on the surface of hydroxyapatite. Hence, hydroxyapatite prepared from eggshell waste is considered as a promising support material for noble metal catalysts for VOCs oxidation.

scholarly journals Honeybee and Plant Products as Natural Antimicrobials in Enhancement of Poultry Health and Production

2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (15) ◽  
pp. 8467
Author(s):  
Erinda Lika ◽  
Marija Kostić ◽  
Sunčica Vještica ◽  
Ivan Milojević ◽  
Nikola Puvača
Keyword(s):  
Egg Production ◽  
Egg Quality ◽  
Semen Quality ◽  
Biological Activities ◽  
Feed Additives ◽  
Poultry Production ◽  
Growth Promoters ◽  
Safe Alternative ◽  
Botanical Products ◽  
Poultry Diets

The quality and safety attributes of poultry products have attracted increasing widespread attention and interest from scholarly groups and the general population. As natural and safe alternatives to synthetic and artificial chemical drugs (e.g., antibiotics), botanical products are recently being used in poultry farms more than 60% of the time for producing organic products. Medicinal plants, and honeybee products, are natural substances, and they were added to poultry diets in a small amount (between 1% and 3%) as a source of nutrition and to provide health benefits for poultry. In addition, they have several biological functions in the poultry body and may help to enhance their welfare. These supplements can increase the bodyweight of broilers and the egg production of laying hens by approximately 7% and 10% and enhance meat and egg quality by more than 25%. Moreover, they can improve rooster semen quality by an average of 20%. Previous research on the main biological activities performed by biotics has shown that most research only concentrated on the notion of using botanical products as growth promoters, anti-inflammatory, and antibacterial agents. In the current review, the critical effects and functions of bee products and botanicals are explored as natural and safe alternative feed additives in poultry production, such as antioxidants, sexual-stimulants, immuno-stimulants, and for producing healthy products.

scholarly journals Radical Response: Effects of Heat Stress-Induced Oxidative Stress on Lipid Metabolism in the Avian Liver

Antioxidants ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (1) ◽  
pp. 35
Author(s):  
Nima K. Emami ◽  
Usuk Jung ◽  
Brynn Voy ◽  
Sami Dridi
Keyword(s):  
Oxidative Stress ◽  
Heat Stress ◽  
Lipid Metabolism ◽  
Egg Production ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Enzymatic Reactions ◽  
Poultry Production ◽  
Hepatic Lipid Metabolism ◽  
Hepatic Lipid ◽  
The Impact

Lipid metabolism in avian species places unique demands on the liver in comparison to most mammals. The avian liver synthesizes the vast majority of fatty acids that provide energy and support cell membrane synthesis throughout the bird. Egg production intensifies demands to the liver as hepatic lipids are needed to create the yolk. The enzymatic reactions that underlie de novo lipogenesis are energetically demanding and require a precise balance of vitamins and cofactors to proceed efficiently. External stressors such as overnutrition or nutrient deficiency can disrupt this balance and compromise the liver’s ability to support metabolic needs. Heat stress is an increasingly prevalent environmental factor that impairs lipid metabolism in the avian liver. The effects of heat stress-induced oxidative stress on hepatic lipid metabolism are of particular concern in modern commercial chickens due to the threat to global poultry production. Chickens are highly vulnerable to heat stress because of their limited capacity to dissipate heat, high metabolic activity, high internal body temperature, and narrow zone of thermal tolerance. Modern lines of both broiler (meat-type) and layer (egg-type) chickens are especially sensitive to heat stress because of the high rates of mitochondrial metabolism. While this oxidative metabolism supports growth and egg production, it also yields oxidative stress that can damage mitochondria, cellular membranes and proteins, making the birds more vulnerable to other stressors in the environment. Studies to date indicate that oxidative and heat stress interact to disrupt hepatic lipid metabolism and compromise performance and well-being in both broilers and layers. The purpose of this review is to summarize the impact of heat stress-induced oxidative stress on lipid metabolism in the avian liver. Recent advances that shed light on molecular mechanisms and potential nutritional/managerial strategies to counteract the negative effects of heat stress-induced oxidative stress to the avian liver are also integrated.

scholarly journals Poultry Production in Nepal: Characteristics, Productivity and Constraints

2017 ◽  
Vol 5 (2) ◽  
pp. 222-226 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rajani Osti ◽  
Dinesh Bhattarai ◽  
Harshika Chaudhary ◽  
Virendra Singh
Keyword(s):  
Egg Production ◽  
Marketing Channel ◽  
Site Investigation ◽  
Chronic Respiratory Disease ◽  
Poultry Production ◽  
Poultry Products ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Ranking Technique ◽  
Poultry Farming

Poultry farming is integral part of agriculture in Nepal. The objective of this research was to analyze the prevailing production constraints, characterization of poultry farming and its economic analysis using questionnaire-based survey and on-site investigation. 180 farms were selected from 3 major districts. Garrett’s ranking technique was used to analyze the constraints.  Highly significant difference (P<0.01) in size of poultry farm was found. We found significant difference in feeding, housing and drinking system for the chicken. Un-organized chicken marketing channel was observed in the study area.   High chicks’ mortality, wastage of feed, insecure vaccination and frequent drop in egg production were characteristic of laying hens. Newcastle disease and Chronic Respiratory Disease were acknowledged as the biggest constraint of chicken production. Government and concerned agencies need to take active part for the extension service to strengthen the health of chicken and organized marketing channel is essential for selling of poultry products  which can improve the profit to the farmers.Int. J. Appl. Sci. Biotechnol. Vol 5(2): 222-226

Measuring Optical Properties of Advanced Nano/Micro-Periodic Structures Fabricated by Multi-Exposure Interference Lithography

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Shuzo Masui ◽  
Masaki Michihata ◽  
Kiyoshi Takamasu ◽  
Satoru Takahashi
Keyword(s):  
Periodic Structures ◽  
Low Cost ◽  
Industrial Applications ◽  
Interference Lithography ◽  
High Dispersion ◽  
Optical Elements ◽  
Precise Control ◽  
Periodic Grating ◽  
Interference Fringes ◽  
Multiple Interference

Abstract Functional optical elements based on nano/micro-periodic structures have attracted much attention. Since the fabrication of these dual-periodic structures requires precise control of periodicity, the semiconductor process such as an electron beam lithography has been mainly employed. However, these techniques have problems with expensive and low throughput for industrial applications. Therefore, there remains a need for low cost and high throughput fabrication methods of dual-periodic structures. Then we developed a multi-exposure interference lithography (MEIL) system using rotational Lloyd’s mirror interferometer to overcome these problems. The advantages of interference lithography are a large processing area and low cost. Our developed rotational Lloyd’s mirror setup enables us to a highly precise superposition of multiple interference fringes by multi-exposure. Furthermore, we developed a measurement setup for reflective diffractive elements using a two axial rotating stage and measured the diffraction properties of the fabricated dual-periodic diffraction gratings. In this paper, as a demonstration, we succeeded in the fabrication of high-dispersion diffraction grating with an enhanced diffraction efficiency of the −3rd order light. The fabricated shapes have a periodicity of 1997 nm and 665 nm. Furthermore, it was confirmed that the intensity of the −3rd order light was enhanced by about 10 times compared to the single periodic grating.

Investigation of Major Ecto-Parasite Affecting Backyard Chicken in Bishoftu Town, Ethiopia

2019 ◽  
pp. 1-9
Author(s):  
Wangelu Kebede ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Egg Production ◽  
Age Groups ◽  
Single Species ◽  
Poultry Production ◽  
Poultry Products ◽  
Exotic Breed ◽  
The Difference ◽  
Young Chicken ◽  
Pathogenic Agents ◽  
And Control

Backyard poultry production are considered as sources of meat and egg production. However, Parasites are among the main pathogenic agents, threatening the health of poultry and poultry products. The current study was conducted to investigate the prevalence of ectoparasite of poultry managed under backyard system started from November 2019 to April 2020 in Bishoftu town, surroundings of four kebeles; Babogaya, Danbi, 01kebele and 05 kebele in Oromia region South east of Finfinnee. 384 chickens of different age groups, both sexes and breeds were examined. Overall, 228/384 (59.4%) of chickens were infested with species of ectoparasites that mainly grouped into lice 141(36.7%), flea 79 (20.6%), and mite 8(2.1%). The prevalence of ectoparasite infection was 56(14.6%), 51(13.3%), 58(15.1%) and 63(16.4)% in Bishoftu town, Babogaya, Danbi, 01kebele and 05 kebele respectively, the difference in the prevalence of the parasites among difference kebeles were not statistically significant (P>0.05). The prevalence of ectoparasites infestation was higher in male 128(33.33%) chickens than females 100(26.04%) and higher in adult 150 (39.1%) than young chicken 78 (20.3%), high in local breeds 129(33.6%) than exotic breed 99 (25.8%). Seven species were identified with their attachments site, namely; menacanthus stremineus(13.3%) was found on skin, menopon gallinae(12.5%) was found on skin, thigh, feather and breast, goniodes gigas(5.5%) was found on skin and body feather, gonicotes gallinae (2.9%) was found on feather, lipeurus caponus(2.6%) was found on wing, skin, tail feather and a single species of flea(Echidnophaga gallinacae) 20.6% was found on eye, comb and wattle. while a single species of mite (ornithonyssus sylviarum) 2.1% was found on base of feather particularly, the vent area. In conclusion, infestation of chicken with ectoparasites was important constraint in poultry production sector. Associated with lack of attention with respect to hygienic system, treatment and control practices. Based on the results it could be suggested that, good management, biosecurity and the education of farmers could be a vital measure to keep free from ectoparasites and improve the productivity of the chicken.

scholarly journals Effect of Bacillus velezensis to substitute in-feed antibiotics on the production, blood biochemistry and egg quality indices of laying hens

2020 ◽  
Vol 16 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Miao Ye ◽  
Chunjie Wei ◽  
Anam Khalid ◽  
Qian Hu ◽  
Ru Yang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Egg Production ◽  
Egg Quality ◽  
Future Application ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Poultry Production ◽  
Bacillus Velezensis ◽  
Group I ◽  
Antibiotic Group ◽  
Group Ii ◽  
Experimental Group

Abstract Background The excessive use of antibiotics in the livestock feed industry caused inevitable side effects of microbial resistance. Besides this residual antibiotics in animal-derived foodstuff imposed serious health problems for humans. So this study aimed to investigate the potential use of Bacillus velezensis to substitute antibiotics for poultry production. A total of 468, 49-week-old Hy-Line Brown chickens, were randomly divided into four groups the control group (regular diet), experiment group I (0.1% B. veleznesis), experiment group II (0.2% B. veleznesis), and antibiotic group (50 mg/kg flavomycin), with three replicates per group and trial period consisted on 42 days. Results The results showed that, compared with the control group, the average egg production rate and daily feed intake of experimental groups I and II increased significantly (P < 0.05), while the average egg weight was increased in experimental group II as compared to (I) (P < 0.01). The feed conversion ratio was decreased (P > 0.05) in group (II) Egg quality parameters such as yolk weight of the experimental group II was increased, but that of the antibiotic group and experiment group I was decreased, neither significant (P > 0.05). Moreover, the eggshell strength, yolk color, albumen height, and Haugh unit were significantly increased (P < 0.05). Compared with the control group, probiotic groups can increase the progesterone and motilin (P > 0.05) but decrease the secretin and cholecystokinin in the blood plasma (P > 0.05). Conclusions This study suggested that B. velezensis can substitute in-feed-antibiotics and improved most of the study parameters significantly. Which suggested that B. velezensis has potential future application value to replace the feed antibiotics.

scholarly journals Egg Quality from Siciliana and Livorno Italian Autochthonous Chicken Breeds Reared in Organic System

Animals ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (5) ◽  
pp. 864 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ambra R. Di Rosa ◽  
Biagina Chiofalo ◽  
Vittorio Lo Presti ◽  
Vincenzo Chiofalo ◽  
Luigi Liotta
Keyword(s):  
Egg Production ◽  
Egg Quality ◽  
Developed Countries ◽  
Organic Production ◽  
Production Cycle ◽  
Poultry Production ◽  
Organic System ◽  
Homogeneous Groups ◽  
High Performing ◽  
Fatty Acids Profile

In poultry production, the intensive use of high-performing hybrid animals led to loss of genetic variability and a consequent lower response to climatic change and disease. Poultry biodiversity is seriously threatened, and its safeguard is a strong objective in developed countries. According to the FAO, which emphasized the importance of native breeds for its country of origin, the aim of this study was to present the first contribution on eggs quality for endangered the Siciliana chicken breed and deepen knowledge on the local Livorno breed. At 20 weeks of age, 108 laying hens (54 Siciliana breed and 54 Livorno breed) were divided into six homogeneous groups of 18 hens each and reared according to requirements imposed by the EC Regulation 889/08 for organic production. The production cycle was controlled over one year, and egg production was recorded daily by group. Eggs were collected, weighted, and measured. Physico-chemical parameter and fatty acids profile were analyzed and nutritional indexes calculated. The statistical model included the effects of breed (Siciliana, Livorno). Egg production was 190 egg/head for Siciliana and 180 for Livorno group. The results showed similar values for Siciliana and Livorno egg quality, highlighting several valuable quality traits from these breeds which might be taken into account for conservation programs.

Synthesis of a novel visible light responsive γ-Fe2O3/SiO2/C-TiO2 magnetic nanocomposite for water treatment

2018 ◽  
Vol 78 (12) ◽  
pp. 2500-2510 ◽  
Author(s):  
Henry H. Mungondori ◽  
Spencer Ramujana ◽  
David M. Katwire ◽  
Raymond T. Taziwa
Keyword(s):  
Water Treatment ◽  
Visible Light ◽  
Surface Area ◽  
Fine Particles ◽  
Uv Light ◽  
Sol Gel ◽  
Spherical Shape ◽  
Solar Irradiation ◽  
Bet Surface Area ◽  
Average Pore

AbstractThis work investigates the preparation of a magnetically recoverable photocatalytic nanocomposite of maghemite nanoparticles coated with silica and carbon doped titanium dioxide. The novel nanocomposite boasts the advantages of efficient photocatalytic degradation of organic pollutants in water and ease of recovery of the fine particles after water treatment. The photocatalytic nanocomposite was successfully synthesized through a stepwise approach via co-precipitation and sol-gel methods. Characterisation by Fourier transform infrared (FTIR), X-ray diffraction (XRD), transmission electron microscopy (TEM) and energy dispersive spectroscopy (EDS) substantiated the existence of the intended structure of the nanocomposite and the particles were found to be in the size range of 15–22 nm with a quasi-spherical shape. Brunauer–Emmett–Teller (BET) surface area analysis revealed an average surface area of 55.20 m2/g, which is higher than that of commercial TiO2 (Degussa P25, 50.00 m2/g), and an average pore diameter of 8.36 nm. A 5 ppm methylene blue solution was degraded with an efficiency of 96.8% after 3 h of solar irradiation, which was 19.7% greater than using the same photo-catalyst under strict UV light irradiation. Photo-catalysis using these nanoparticles was observed to be very effective. The prepared novel visible light active nanocomposite has great potential for incorporation into water treatment systems because it exhibits good stability and magnetism, as well as high photocatalytic efficiency.

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