Does acceptance-based treatment moderate the effect of stress on dietary lapses?

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Donna L Coffman ◽  
Isabela Batista Oliva ◽  
Evan M Forman
Keyword(s):  
Stress Level ◽  
Behavioral Treatment ◽  
Female Gender ◽  
Time Of Day ◽  
Stress Levels ◽  
Generalized Linear Mixed Effects ◽  
As Stress ◽  
Ecological Momentary ◽  
Weight Loss Interventions ◽  
Intervention Condition

Abstract Weight loss interventions are successful to the extent that participants adhere to calorie-reduced dietary prescriptions and may be undermined by dietary lapses triggered by external or internal factors, such as stress. The purpose of this study was to examine whether an acceptance-based treatment (ABT) versus a standard behavioral treatment (SBT) moderated the effect of stress on dietary lapses. Ecological momentary assessment data were collected from 189 participants who were randomly assigned to either ABT or SBT. Between-subject and within-subject stress were used to predict lapse occurrence along with intervention condition, and the interaction between intervention condition and stress using a generalized linear mixed-effects model. Gender, time of day, and baseline mean lapses/day were included as control variables. Higher mean baseline lapses/day, female gender, and later time of day were significantly associated with increased odds of lapse. Between-subject stress was positively and significantly related to the odds of lapse. Compared to SBT, ABT showed a significant decrease in the odds of lapse at an individual’s average level of within-subject stress, but the interaction of intervention condition with within-subject stress was not statistically significant. Participants with high overall stress levels lapsed more frequently than those with low overall stress levels. There was a significant decrease in the odds of lapse for the ABT group at a participant’s own average stress level, suggesting that ABT may be beneficial at participants’ usual stress levels but when they deviate from their usual stress level, there are no treatment differences.

Conjectures, Hypotheses, and Theories of Drumlin Formation (In memory of Stanislaw Baranowski)

1981 ◽  
Vol 27 (97) ◽  
pp. 503-505 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ian J. Smalley
Keyword(s):  
Shear Strength ◽  
Pore Water ◽  
Stress Level ◽  
Critical Stress ◽  
Pore Water Pressure ◽  
Water Pressure ◽  
Glacial Till ◽  
Forming Process ◽  
Stress Levels

AbstractRecent investigations have shown that various factors may affect the shear strength of glacial till and that these factors may be involved in the drumlin-forming process. The presence of frozen till in the deforming zone, variation in pore-water pressure in the till, and the occurrence of random patches of dense stony-till texture have been considered. The occurrence of dense stony till may relate to the dilatancy hypothesis and can be considered a likely drumlin-forming factor within the region of critical stress levels. The up-glacier stress level now appears to be the more important, and to provide a sharper division between drumlin-forming and non-drumlin-forming conditions.

Factors contributing to burnout among perfusionists in the United States

Perfusion ◽  
2011 ◽  
Vol 26 (6) ◽  
pp. 461-466 ◽  
Author(s):  
J Bui ◽  
A Hodge ◽  
A Shackelford ◽  
J Acsell
Keyword(s):  
Stress Level ◽  
Employee Turnover ◽  
Electronic Mail ◽  
Maslach Burnout Inventory ◽  
The United States ◽  
Current Level ◽  
Professional Burnout ◽  
Turnover Rates ◽  
Job Demand ◽  
As Stress

Introduction: As the job climate continues to change, many perfusionists are faced with high employee turnover rates, working longer hours, and increased stress related to more complex surgeries. Understanding the sources of professional burnout and stress may allow the formulation of a strategy to help prevent such negative outcomes. The purpose of this study was to determine the current level of stress and burnout among perfusionists. Methods: A questionnaire was constructed with the use of SurveyMonkey®. Invitations requesting participation in the survey were distributed by electronic mail to members of PerfList and PerfMail. To assess burnout, components of the well-established Maslach Burnout Inventory (MBI) tool were used. Results: At p<0.05, job demand variables such as stress level, conflict, call duties, hours worked, and case load were all shown to have a statistically significant relationship to burnout. Conclusion: The study found that, among the various factors, job demands were the most likely culprit contributing to burnout. Stress level and conflict, in particular, had the strongest association to burnout.

الضغوط المهنية لدى معلمي ومعلمات التربية المهنية في الأردن في ضوء بعض المتغيرات

2019 ◽  
Vol 7 (2) ◽  
pp. 59-67
Author(s):  
Sameer Shdaifat ◽  
Jaafar Abusaa
Keyword(s):  
Public Schools ◽  
Occupational Stress ◽  
Stress Level ◽  
Primary Teachers ◽  
Male Teachers ◽  
Ministry Of Education ◽  
Occupational Education ◽  
The Public ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Stress Levels

The present study aimed to identify the occupational stress level of occupational education female and male teachers. It also aimed to identify whether there is any difference between the respondents’ occupational stress levels which can be attributed to their (gender, experience or school stage). The study’s population consists from all the all the occupational education female and male teachers who work at the public schools affiliated with the first and second directorates of education in Irbid (i.e. 320 teachers). As for the sample, it consists from 100 female and male teachers. Those teachers were selected through using the random stratified sampling method. Those teachers were selected from the public schools affiliated with the first and second directorates of education in Irbid. The researchers chose a descriptive survey research design. They developed an instrument (i.e. a questionnaire) for measuring the occupational stress level of teachers. It was found that the occupational stress level of the occupational education female and male teachers is high. It was found that there is a statistically significant difference between the respondents’ occupational stress levels which can be attributed to gender. The latter difference is for the favor of males.  It was found that there is a statistically significant difference between the respondents’ occupational stress levels which can be attributed to experience. The latter difference is for the favor of the ones who possess moderate experience. It was found that there is a statistically significant difference between the respondents’ occupational stress levels which can be attributed to the school stage. The latter difference is for the favor of the lower primary teachers. In the light of the aforementioned results, the researchers recommend exerting effort to reduce the occupational stress level of occupational education female and male teachers. Such efforts include creating convenient psychological and occupational environments. The researchers also recommend providing the lower primary teachers with attention by the Ministry of Education in Jordan. That can be done through providing those teachers with training & development programs. That can be also done through raising their socio-economic levels and providing them with financial & moral incentives & rewards.

Relationship of Fiber Intake, Stress Level, Physical Activity with Blood Pressure of Pre Elderly and Elderly in Lubang Buaya and Kampung Tengah

2021 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
pp. 1
Author(s):  
Eti Cahya Fitrianti ◽  
Sintha Fransiske Simanungkalit
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
Blood Pressure ◽  
Stress Level ◽  
Blood Pressure Measurement ◽  
Bivariate Analysis ◽  
P Value ◽  
Fiber Intake ◽  
Chi Square ◽  
Stress Levels ◽  
Chi Square Test

High blood pressure is defined as systolic blood pressure that is equal to or above 140 mm Hg or diastolic blood pressure equal to or above 90 mm Hg (JNC VIII, 2013). In 2018, the prevalence of hypertension in Indonesia is based on the characteristics of the age 45-75 years and above with an average of 58.33% (Riskesdas, 2018). The aimed of this study was to determine of fiber intake, stress levels, and physical activity with blood pressure in pre elderly and elderly at RW 03 Lubang Buaya and RW 09 Kampung Tengah, East Jakarta. This research method is observational with cross sectional approach followed by 80 respondents with simple random sampling technique Data collection was taken, namely blood pressure measurement using a Sphygmomanometer, fiber intake using the Food Recall form 2 x 24 hours (Weekend and Weekday), stress levels with the DASS-14 questionnaire, and physical activity with the Baecke questionnaire. Data processing was analyzed by univariate and bivariate using Chi-Square test. The results of bivariate analysis with chi-square test showed a significant relationship between fiber intake (p value = 0.007), stress level (p value = 0,000), and physical activity (p value = 0.022) with blood pressure. There is a relationship between fiber intake, stress level, and physical activity with blood pressure in the elderly and elderly in Lubang Buaya and Kampung Tengah.

Fatigue Characteristics of Open-End Thick-Walled Cylinders Under Cyclic Internal Pressure

1963 ◽  
Vol 85 (4) ◽  
pp. 555-565 ◽  
Author(s):  
T. E. Davidson ◽  
R. Eisenstadt ◽  
A. N. Reiner
Keyword(s):  
Fatigue Crack ◽  
Internal Pressure ◽  
Stress Level ◽  
Cyclic Stress ◽  
Diameter Ratio ◽  
Tensile Fatigue ◽  
Stress Levels ◽  
Fatigue Characteristics ◽  
Using Data ◽  
Rate Of Improvement

Thick-walled cylinder fatigue data due to cyclic internal pressure for open-end cylinders in the range of 103 to 105 cycles to failure and having a diameter ratio of 1.4 to 2.0 at a nominal yield strength of 160,000 pounds per square inch is presented. Discussed and also presented are the effects of autofrettage on the fatigue characteristics of thick-walled cylinders. Autofrettage substantially enhances fatigue characteristics at stress levels below the corresponding overstrain pressure, the degree of improvement increasing the decreasing stress levels. The rate of improvement in fatigue characteristics increases significantly with diameter ratio in autofrettaged cylinders up to a diameter ratio of 1.8–2.0 and to a much smaller degree in the nonautofrettaged condition. The rate of improvement of fatigue characteristics above 2.0 is the same for both the autofrettaged and nonautofrettaged cases. It is shown that thermal treatment of 675 F for 6 hours after autofrettage does not affect fatigue characteristics and that there is a correlation between the cyclic-stress level and the area and depth of the fatigue crack to the point of ductile rupture. The depth of the fatigue crack decreases with increasing cyclic-stress level. A means for using data from a unidirectional tensile fatigue test to predict the fatigue characteristics of thick-walled cylinders is discussed.

scholarly journals HUBUNGAN ANTARA TINGKAT STRES DENGAN KUALITAS TIDUR PADA WARGA BINAAN DI LEMBAGA PEMASYARAKATAN KLAS IIA YOGYAKARTA

2018 ◽  
Vol 7 (1) ◽  
pp. 28-33
Author(s):  
Dheska Arthyka Palifiana ◽  
Ratih Kumorojati
Keyword(s):  
Sleep Quality ◽  
Stress Level ◽  
Sampling Technique ◽  
Class Ii ◽  
Women Prisoners ◽  
P Value ◽  
Chi Square ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
As Stress

Background: To have rest or to sleep is basic need that needed by everyone.  To have enough rest or sleep will make body functioned optimally. By sleeping people can restore or to rest the physical after whole day activities, it can reduce stress and anxiety. It also improve concentration and improve ability when doing daily activities. Factors that affect quality and quantity of sleep include ill, fatigue, environment, lifestyle, emotional stress, diet, smoking, stimulant, alcohol, and motivation. The stress level on assisted citizen of woman’s prisoner will be more severe than who are not in prison so as stress can be overcome then the quality of sleep becomes better. Objective:To know the correlation between stress levels and sleep quality on assisted people in woman Penitentiary class II A Yogyakarta. Methods: The research was conducted at women's prison class II A Yogyakarta.  Research population was 117 women prisoners. The sample was 50 women prisoners. Type of the research was descriptive analytic research with cross sectional design. Statistical analysis used chi square. The sampling technique used purposive sampling. Results: The stress level was mostly in high category as many as 17 respondents experienced stress (34%). Sleep quality of the respondents were mostly in bad category as many as 38 respondents (76%). There is a correlation between stress level and sleep quality on women prisoners in Penitentiary class II A Yogyakarta with p-value (0.033). Conclusion: There is a correlation between stress level and sleep quality on women prisoners in Penitentiary class II A Yogyakarta.   Keywords:Stress level, sleep quality, assisted people, penitentiary

scholarly journals Efficacy of exposure in group settings for youth with posttraumatic stress symptoms

2021 ◽  
Vol 15 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Elisa Pfeiffer
Keyword(s):  
Stress Level ◽  
Group Intervention ◽  
Behavioral Treatment ◽  
Traumatic Experiences ◽  
Cognitive Behavioral Treatment ◽  
Group Settings ◽  
Stress Symptoms ◽  
Group Sessions ◽  
Exposure Sessions ◽  
The Individual

Abstract Background Exposure to traumatic experiences is a fundamental part of evidence-based trauma-focused cognitive behavioral treatment (CBT) but in group settings it is discussed controversially among researchers and practitioners. This study aims to examine the individual participants’ stress level during group sessions with exposure and disclosure of traumatic events. Method N = 47 traumatized youth (Mage = 17.00, 94% male) participated in a group intervention comprising six 90-min group sessions (exposure in sessions 2–5). It is based on trauma-focused CBT principles. The individual stress level was assessed by the participants and group facilitators at the beginning, during, and at the end of every session. Results During the sessions including exposure, the stress level of the participants was higher than during sessions without exposure (Z = − 3.79; p ≤ .001). During the exposure sessions, the participants showed significant changes in stress level (d = 0.34–0.87) following an inverse U-shaped trend. Conclusion The results show that exposure is feasible within the scope of a trauma-focused group intervention for youth. The further dissemination of trauma-focused group treatments is an important component in the mental health care of children and youth who are traumatized.

scholarly journals The Relationship between Nutritional Status, Sleep Duration, Stress Level with Blood Pressure of Nurse Night Shift in the Hospital: Cohort Study

2019 ◽  
Vol 4 (1) ◽  
pp. 55
Author(s):  
Salmawati Salmawati ◽  
Ari Natalia Probandari ◽  
Sapja Anantanyu
Keyword(s):  
Blood Pressure ◽  
At Risk ◽  
Nutritional Status ◽  
Sleep Duration ◽  
Stress Level ◽  
Night Shift ◽  
Anthropometric Measurement ◽  
Short Sleep Duration ◽  
Stress Levels ◽  
The Relationship

Objective: Hypertension as a cardiovascular disease occurs due to an uncontrolled increase in blood pressure. Night shift nurses with more overweight, short sleep duration, and excessive stress levels are at risk of increase blood pressure. This study aims to analyze how the relationship between obesity, nutritional status, sleep duration and stress level influence the blood pressure of the night shift nurses.Materials and methods: The subjects in this study were night shift nurses in four hospitals. The dependent variable was blood pressure and the independent variables were nutritional status, sleep duration, and stress levels. This study was an observational analysis with a perspective cohort design in which the subjects were 312 night shift nurses. Nutritional status were identified from Body Mass Index (BMI) through anthropometric measurement, sleep duration by looking at average hours of sleep during the night service, stress levels through the Perceived Stress Scale (PSS-10) questionnaire. Blood pressure was measured using a mercury sphygmomanometer. Data were analyzed by Chi-square test and Logistic Regression.Results and Discussion: There was a significant relationship between nutritional status, sleep duration, and stress levels with blood pressure. The results of the multivariate analysis showed that the shift nurses with overweight (obesity) nutritional status are at a risk of having disorder 1.97 times, the shift nurses with sleep duration < 6 hours are at risk of having disorder 3.78 times and shift nurses with intermediate stress level at risk of having disorder 2.08 times with enhancement blood pressure.Conclusion: There is a relationship between nutritional status, sleep duration and stress level with blood pressure. Sleep duration mostly influences the blood pressure.International Journal of Human and Health Sciences Vol. 04 No. 01 January’20 Page : 55-59

scholarly journals Optimization of the Accelerated Degradation Test Plan for Electrical Connector Contact Pairs Based on a Nonlinear Wiener Process

2020 ◽  
Vol 2020 ◽  
pp. 1-16
Author(s):  
Ping Qian ◽  
Lei Hong ◽  
Wenhua Chen ◽  
Yongwang Qian ◽  
Zhe Wang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Diffusion Coefficient ◽  
Wiener Process ◽  
Stress Level ◽  
Test Plan ◽  
Accelerated Degradation ◽  
Stress Levels ◽  
Degradation Test ◽  
Accelerated Degradation Test ◽  
Stress Dependent ◽  
Drift Coefficient

Accelerated degradation test is an effective method to evaluate the reliability of products with long life and high reliability. The performance of most products fluctuates randomly in the degradation process, so it is suitable to use Wiener process. At present, the diffusion coefficient is regarded as constant in Wiener process, while the drift coefficient is related to stress. However, in practice, the amplitude of product performance fluctuation increases with the increase of stress level, which is not constant. Therefore, for the nonlinear Wiener case where both the drift coefficient and the diffusion coefficient are stress dependent, this paper studies the constant-stress accelerated degradation test theories and methods. Taking the contact pairs of electrical connectors as the research object, the minimum variance of reliable life estimate under normal stress is taken as the target. After determining the censored time at each stress level, the test stress level, the sample distribution ratio at each stress level, and the test interval at the one-third power scale of time are taken as design variables. The test plan under 3, 4, and 5 stress levels is optimized and compared with the general test plan. The influence of the difference between high and low stress levels on the evaluation accuracy is analyzed. Finally, the sensitivity analysis of parameters shows that the optimization plan has good robustness, and the change of stress quantity has little influence on the robustness of the plan.

Dance Intervention for Mexican Family Caregivers of Children With Developmental Disability: A Pilot Study

2019 ◽  
Vol 31 (1) ◽  
pp. 38-44 ◽  
Author(s):  
Higinio Fernández Sánchez ◽  
Claudia Beatriz Enríquez Hernández ◽  
Souraya Sidani ◽  
Crescencio Hernández Osorio ◽  
Edith Castellanos Contreras ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Pilot Study ◽  
Developmental Disability ◽  
Stress Level ◽  
Mexican Women ◽  
Validated Questionnaire ◽  
High Satisfaction ◽  
Stress Levels ◽  
Mexican Family ◽  
Dance Intervention ◽  
Further Development

Introduction: There are 7.1 million people living with a disability in Mexico. Of these individuals, 7% are children and adolescents with developmental disabilities. Mexican women caring for children with a developmental disability are at risk of psychological stress, which may be prevented with physical activity such as dance. Therefore, the purpose of this pilot study was to examine (a) the feasibility of implementing the dance intervention, (b) the mothers’ satisfaction with the intervention, and (c) the changes in stress level experienced by the mothers on completion of the intervention. Method: A one-group pretest–posttest design was used. The Salsa dance intervention was given in nine 60-minute sessions, twice a week in Veracruz, Mexico. The sample included 14 mothers of children with disabilities. The outcome, stress level, was measured with the validated Questionnaire of Perceived Stress. Feasibility of intervention implementation was maintained by having the interventionist follow the interventionist manual. Satisfaction was assessed by the Satisfaction with Therapy and Therapist Scale. Results: The intervention was feasible as all participants completed the intervention sessions. They reported high satisfaction (100%) with the intervention and interventionist. At posttest, participants showed reduced stress levels ( p = .028). Discussion: The dance intervention is promising in reducing women’s stress levels and worth further development in order to benefit the Mexican women caring for children with developmental disability and experiencing stress. Nurses can implement the Salsa dance intervention with the Mexican population while improving the clients’ retention, outcomes, and overall satisfaction.

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