scholarly journals Political ideologies as shapers of future tourism development

2016 ◽  
Vol 2 (2) ◽  
pp. 109-124 ◽  
Author(s):  
Craig Webster ◽  
Stanislav Ivanov
Keyword(s):  
Political Ideology ◽  
National Level ◽  
Tourism Industry ◽  
Government Support ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Social Democratic ◽  
Political Ideologies ◽  
Tourist Flows ◽  
State Interventions ◽  
The Impact

Purpose The purpose of this paper is to identify the link between political ideology and the management of tourism in countries. The authors stipulate that the predominant political ideology in the country influences the nature and logic of state interventions in the tourism industry. Design/methodology/approach The paper elaborates several case studies from various countries – Bulgaria, Cyprus, Scandinavia, Russia, USA, China, Japan, Indonesia, and North Korea. Findings Countries with predominant (neo)liberal ideology do not typically interfere in tourism regulation, while nationalism leads governments to stimulate inbound and domestic tourism. Communist ideological approaches tend to be burdensome, inhibiting growth while stressing the promotion of the socialist achievements of a country. Countries that are traditionally thought of as social democratic have been evolving in recent years to regulate tourism in ways that are more liberal in nature than social democratic. Practical implications Political ideologies shape the acceptability of government support for private tourist companies, legislation in field of tourism, limitation/stimulation of inbound/outbound tourist flows. For the future the authors expect greater politicisation of tourism, active tourism “wars” between countries, greater control of governments on populations, thriving nationalism, “aggressive” environmentalism. Originality/value This is one of the first papers to discuss the impact of the political ideology on the management of tourism at the national level.

Governors' pro-market ideology as institutional enablement of firm internationalization

2021 ◽  
Vol ahead-of-print (ahead-of-print) ◽  
Author(s):  
William Chongyang Zhou ◽  
Sunny Li Sun
Keyword(s):  
Political Ideology ◽  
Multinational Enterprises ◽  
Educational Background ◽  
Government Support ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Firm Internationalization ◽  
Novel Concept ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Positive Effect ◽  
Market Ideology

PurposeExtant literature has indicated that government support is one of the main drivers of international expansion of Chinese multinational enterprises. However, research on the influence of governors on firm internationalization is still limited. Drawing upon the institution-based view, we theorize a novel concept of institutional enablement to illustrate the influence of a governor's pro-market ideology on Chinese firms' internationalization.Design/methodology/approachWe analyze the relationship between a governor's pro-market ideology (consisting of a pro-market political ideology, an overseas educational background and a business background) and firm internationalization with a sample of Chinese public companies during 2014–2017.FindingsWe find a direct and positive effect of a governor's pro-market ideology on firm internationalization. We also find an indirect and positive effect of a governor's pro-market ideology through regional, inward foreign direct investment.Originality/valueTo the best of our knowledge, this paper is the first to investigate an underexplored question of the impact of governors on firm internationalization and to develop a novel concept of institutional enablement, based on discursive institutionalism.

Profile of the tourists visiting Porto and the North of Portugal

2014 ◽  
Vol 6 (5) ◽  
pp. 413-428 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jorge Costa ◽  
Melchior Moreira ◽  
Fernando Vieira
Keyword(s):  
Low Cost ◽  
Tourism Industry ◽  
Content Type ◽  
The Past ◽  
The North ◽  
Tourist Flows ◽  
Other Information ◽  
Marketing Activities ◽  
Research Findings ◽  
The Impact

Purpose – This article aims to characterize the profile of non-resident tourists visiting Porto and the North of Portugal and highlights the importance and evolution of tourist flows to the region, taking into account the airport development and the impact of low-cost airlines. Design/methodology/approach – The article presents and discusses official tourism statistics and the results of on an ongoing survey by Institute for Tourism Planning and Development (IPDT) – Institute of Tourism, conducted at Porto airport on the tourist profile of non-resident tourists to the region. Findings – The research findings reveal a remarkable growth in Porto and North of Portugal tourism – reflecting notable work over the past few years by tourism industry organizations. The Porto airport upgrade allowed for a new dynamic in the region, opening the door to European tourists via low-cost routes. The tourist’s profile depicts a young, active, upper class tourist, with an above average income, who truly appreciates Porto and the North of Portugal region and is willing to recommend it to friends and family. Practical implications – Results provide rich insights on non-resident tourism in the region – where tourists come from, why they selected this destination for their trip and what they enjoy doing, among other information and is highly relevant for strategic and marketing activities related to tourism promotion and the service quality offer. Originality/value – This article seeks to illustrate the non-resident tourist profiles of those visiting Porto and the North of Portugal, based on a unique study conducted over the past three years.

Social capital and national innovation system: a cross-country analysis

2014 ◽  
Vol 21 (4) ◽  
pp. 453-475 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sepehr Ghazinoory ◽  
Ali Bitaab ◽  
Ardeshir Lohrasbi
Keyword(s):  
Social Capital ◽  
National Level ◽  
Innovation System ◽  
Negative Effects ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Research Findings ◽  
Different Dimensions ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Positive Effect

Purpose – In the last two decades, researchers have paid much attention to the role of cultural values on economic and social development. In particular, the crucial role of different aspects of culture on the development of innovation has been stressed in the literature. Consequently, it is vital to understand how social capital, as a core cultural value, affects the innovation process and the innovative performance at the national level. However, to date, the impact of different dimensions of social capital and innovation has not been properly portrayed or explained. Thus, the purpose of this paper is to investigate the influence of four different dimensions of social capital (institutional and interpersonal, associational life and norms) on two of the main functions of national innovation system (NIS) (entrepreneurship and knowledge creation) based on over 50,000 observations in 34 countries. Design/methodology/approach – In this regard, national-level data from the World Values Survey database was employed to quantify social capital. Entrepreneurship is, in turn, assumed to consist of three sub-indexes and 14 indicators based on the Global Entrepreneurship Index. Knowledge creation is also measured through US Patent Office applications. Also, exploratory factor analysis and structural equation modeling approach were used to build the measurement model and investigate the impact that each factor of social capital had on entrepreneurship and knowledge application, respectively. Measurement and structural models were built and their reliability and validity were tested using various fit indices. Research findings suggest the strong positive effect of institutional trust and networking on entrepreneurship. Also, interpersonal trust and networks were shown to have high influence on knowledge development at the national level. Norms appear to have naïve to medium negative effects on both functions. Findings – Research findings suggest the strong positive effect of institutional trust and networking on entrepreneurship. Also, interpersonal trust and networks were shown to have high influence on knowledge development at the national level. Norms appear to have naïve to medium negative effects on both functions. Originality/value – However, to date, the impact of different dimensions of social capital and innovation has not been properly portrayed or explained.

Socio-economic preconditions of resort agglomerations development in the south of Russia

2018 ◽  
Vol 10 (4) ◽  
pp. 467-477 ◽  
Author(s):  
Matvey S. Oborin ◽  
Irina Kozhushkina ◽  
Tatyana Gvarliani ◽  
Nikolay Ivanov
Keyword(s):  
Natural Resource ◽  
Federal District ◽  
Tourism Industry ◽  
Infrastructure Development ◽  
The South ◽  
Health Tourism ◽  
Resource Potential ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Advantages And Disadvantages ◽  
The Impact

Purpose This paper aims to analyze the modern problems and the main trends of development of the health-improving tourism sector in the southern part of Russia and to identify significant factors in overcoming the complex challenges related to specific socio-economic conditions in the study area. Design/methodology/approach The material that served as the basis of the study comprises statistical data from the Southern Federal District and its subjects, as well as data about the development of tourism infrastructure on the official websites of governments, Ministry of Tourism and the population of the Southern Federal District. This information was systematized from a number of perspectives, including identification of the chronology of health-improving tourism infrastructure development in the chosen territory, as well as the advantages and disadvantages in this area. Based on the results of the study, the authors also developed some recommendations to overcome existing inactive trends in the field of health tourism. Findings This paper sheds light on the understanding of the challenges and changes that took place in the resort agglomerations of the south of Russia in terms of current issues and those that must be addressed in the coming years. It was concluded that health tourism in the south of Russia has old traditions based on the natural resource potential of territories that are included in the composition of the Southern Federal District. At the same time, the authors came to the conclusion that, unfortunately, not resort agglomerations are fully utilized. Furthermore, some historic resorts were not well maintained by local authorities and have suffered more recently because of lack of investment. At present, the financial results of health resorts and others related to health-improving tourism are precarious as most operations are unprofitable, and so complex decisions are needed to address the underlying problem of resource optimization because of the important social and economic role of the cities in this region. They have special natural and resource potential and preserve traditions related to health-improving tourism. Research limitations/implications The paper provides a conceptual analysis based on limited empirical data combined with some directions for further research. Originality/value The paper attempts to reveal the impact of social, economic and geopolitical factors, both negative and positive, on the development of the health-improving tourism segment, restructuring of the Russian tourism market and the emergence of promising opportunities and new directions for development. The findings also provide insights for practitioners and researchers, and the tourism industry can draw on this analysis to guide the development of strategy, increase investment attractiveness, make more effective use of the natural resource potential and maintain pressure on government partners to provide support to tourism.

scholarly journals THE IMPACT OF COVID-19 ON MARKET CAPITAL ON THE EXAMPLE OF THE TOURIST INDUSTRY: EXPERIENCE OF THE EU AND OTHER COUNTRIES

2021 ◽  
Vol 2021 (1) ◽  
pp. 111-121
Author(s):  
M. Troian ◽  
V. Shkola ◽  
M. Domashenko ◽  
T. Makarenko
Keyword(s):  
Swot Analysis ◽  
Strong Support ◽  
World Order ◽  
Tourism Industry ◽  
Government Support ◽  
The World ◽  
Global Tourism ◽  
Tourism Enterprises ◽  
The Impact ◽  
The Eu

With the spread of the COVID-19 pandemic, the tourism industry faced a crisis that could be the worst in history. In recent years, the tourism industry has been one of the fastest-growing industries, sometimes faster than the world economy as a whole. 2019 has brought unprecedented changes to the world order, affecting all socio-ecological and economic ties. What are the consequences of and will have global tourism in connection with the spread of the COVID-19 pandemic, which countries and regions of the world will suffer the greatest losses, what threatens and what are the benefits of the tourism crisis that will bring a "new order" to the tourism industry, what innovative management anti-crisis measures should be applied by world governments and non-governmental organizations to overcome the unprecedented tourism crisis - all these issues remain acute and have identified the research topic. The paper examines the methodological developments and recommendations for overcoming the tourism crisis in Europe caused by the pandemic virus COVID-19, namely, the article identifies the basics and consequences of the pandemic impact on market capital on the example of tourism in Europe and the world, shows that the global tourism industry is one of the main factors in the formation of market capital, studied market capital as a component of intellectual capital on the example of tourism in the EU, outlined the prospects for global tourism, developed a system of measures to overcome the global crisis through tourism SWOT-analysis. Namely: enhanced multilateral cooperation and strong support are important for the resumption of tourism; the speed of adaptation of governments at all levels and the private sector involved in the tourism sector and the ability to respond quickly and adapt to the crisis; providing targeted and affordable government support as quickly and efficiently as possible for vulnerable tourism enterprises, workers and tourists; ensuring policy clarity and taking measures to limit uncertainty; invention and development of more sustainable and sustainable (socio-ecological-economic) models of tourism; development of tourism education and legislation.

The main trends in the Russian tourism and hospitality market from the point of view of Russian travel agencies

2018 ◽  
Vol 10 (4) ◽  
pp. 412-420 ◽  
Author(s):  
Aleksandr Gudkov ◽  
Elena Dedkova ◽  
Kristina Dudina
Keyword(s):  
Relevant Information ◽  
Tourism Industry ◽  
Point Of View ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Qualitative Research Methodology ◽  
Recent Developments ◽  
Survey Results ◽  
The Subject ◽  
Tourism And Hospitality ◽  
The Impact

PurposeThis paper aims to discuss recent developments in the Russian tourism industry and the main reasons for new initiatives in local destination development.Design/methodology/approachThe study is based on qualitative research methodology. A summary of key literature is presented alongside the analysis of the survey results.FindingsThis paper sheds light on the challenges and changes that took place in the Russian tourism business between 2014 and 2017. The subject is poorly covered in academic literature. The basic data for analysis presented in official statistics are scarce. Therefore a more effective way of obtaining relevant information was to conduct a survey using a semi-structured questionnaire, with tourism business actors as respondents.Research limitations/implicationsThis paper provides mostly conceptual analysis based on limited empirical data; directions for further empirical research are proposed in the conclusion.Originality/valueThe paper reveals something of the impact of economic and geopolitical factors, both negative and positive ones, on the restructuring of the Russian tourism market and the emergence of promising opportunities for the development of new domestic destinations. As a result, tourism market actors are able to become more diverse.

scholarly journals Evaluation of Whole-Genome Sequencing for Identification and Typing of Vibrio cholerae

2018 ◽  
Vol 56 (11) ◽  
Author(s):  
David R. Greig ◽  
Ulf Schaefer ◽  
Sophie Octavia ◽  
Ebony Hunter ◽  
Marie A. Chattaway ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Public Health ◽  
Whole Genome Sequencing ◽  
Vibrio Cholerae ◽  
Species Identification ◽  
Genome Sequencing ◽  
National Level ◽  
Whole Genome ◽  
Content Type ◽  
El Tor ◽  
The Impact

ABSTRACT Epidemiological and microbiological data on Vibrio cholerae strains isolated between April 2004 and March 2018 (n = 836) and held at the Public Health England culture archive were reviewed. The traditional biochemical species identification and serological typing results were compared with the genome-derived species identification and serotype for a subset of isolates (n = 152). Of the 836 isolates, 750 (89.7%) were from a fecal specimen, 206 (24.6%) belonged to serogroup O1, and 7 (0.8%) were serogroup O139; 792 (94.7%) isolates were from patients reporting recent travel abroad, most commonly to India (n = 209) and Pakistan (n = 104). Of the 152 V. cholerae isolates identified by use of kmer, 149 (98.1%) were concordant with those identified using the traditional biochemical approach. Traditional serotyping results were 100% concordant with those of the whole-genome sequencing (WGS) analysis for the identification of serogroups O1 and O139 and classical and El Tor biotypes. ctxA was detected in all isolates of V. cholerae O1 El Tor and O139 belonging to sequence type 69 (ST69) and in V. cholerae O1 classical variants belonging to ST73. A phylogeny of isolates belonging to ST69 from U.K. travelers clustered geographically, with isolates from India and Pakistan located on separate branches. Moving forward, WGS data from U.K. travelers will contribute to global surveillance programs and the monitoring of emerging threats to public health and the global dissemination of pathogenic lineages. At the national level, these WGS data will inform the timely reinforcement of direct public health messaging to travelers and mitigate the impact of imported infections and the associated risks to public health.

Impact of the coronavirus pandemic on the development of tourism and hospitality industry: global and national aspects

2021 ◽  
pp. 98-113
Author(s):  
Natalia Aleksandrovna Zaitseva
Keyword(s):  
Consumer Behavior ◽  
Hospitality Industry ◽  
Monitoring And Evaluation ◽  
Tourism Industry ◽  
Theory And Practice ◽  
Government Support ◽  
Enterprise Management ◽  
Tourism And Hospitality Industry ◽  
Tourism And Hospitality ◽  
The Impact

The article presents the results of a study of the impact of the coronavirus pandemic on the development of the tourism and hospitality industry in the global and national aspects. The purpose of this article is to summarize and systematize the main changes and trends in tourism and hospitality as a result of the impact of the coronavirus pandemic. During the research, general scientific methods of the theory and practice of researching socio-economic phenomena and processes were used: logical, dialectical, systemic, process and situational approaches, and methods of analysis, synthesis, abstraction, and others. According to the results of the study, several main trends in changes in consumer behavior were summarized and formulated, as well as in what began to be offered by the enterprises of the tourism and hospitality industry in response to changes in consumer behavior. Examples of how the coronavirus pandemic affected the organization of the very process of providing services by hotels to ensure the safety of guests in hotels and other accommodation facilities, including in terms of increasing costs for all types of resources of these enterprises. Particular attention in the article is paid to assessing the effectiveness of government support measures and stimulating demand for tourist and hotel services in the Russian Federation. Also, based on the results of the study, the prospects for adapting the enterprise management system of the hospitality and tourism industry to work in the conditions of the coronavirus pandemic and after its completion were substantiated — the change in the forms of organization of work of personnel, monitoring and evaluation of the results of their activities was described, and the importance of forming and maintaining consumer confidence in enterprises was substantiated. tourism and hospitality industry.

Covid-19 Crisis Management Responses of Small Tourism Firms in South Africa

2022 ◽  
Author(s):  
Irma Booyens ◽  
Christian M. Rogerson ◽  
Jayne M. Rogerson ◽  
Tom Baum
Keyword(s):  
South Africa ◽  
Crisis Management ◽  
Management Practices ◽  
Management Strategies ◽  
Tourism Industry ◽  
Government Support ◽  
Interview Survey ◽  
Tourism Enterprises ◽  
And Coping ◽  
The Impact

Although the literature on COVID-19 is expanding, particularly in relation to crisis management responses pursued by large tourism enterprises, currently few studies exist on the responses of small tourism firms and more specifically of the crisis management practices of small and microaccom modation establishments. The aim in this study is to investigate the business management responses of small tourism firms to the COVID-19 pandemic crisis and restrictions in South Africa. Themes of concern are whether enterprises have been able to sustain operations and adopt certain coping mechanisms or management strategies to mitigate the pandemic’s impact. The article reports on an interview survey of small and microenterprises engaged in accommodation services (N = 75) in South Africa under lockdown restrictions as a means of assessing the responses and coping strategies during an unprecedented crisis of this core component of the country’s tourism industry. Among key findings are that small and microlodging firms that have suffered severe financial losses because of the COVID-19 shock have few viable mechanisms to cope with the impact of the crisis and that government support to aid recovery has been insufficient in South Africa. This research contributes to the limited body of international scholarship that examines how small and microaccommodation firms, a major group and contributor of many economies, are navigating the unprecedented COVID-19 environment.

When in Rome, do as the Romans do

2019 ◽  
Vol 122 (6) ◽  
pp. 1953-1967
Author(s):  
Mumtaz Ali Memon ◽  
Muhammad Zeeshan Mirza ◽  
Bibiana Lim ◽  
Waheed Ali Umrani ◽  
Mohamed Ayyub Hassan ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
International Students ◽  
Structural Equation ◽  
Local Food ◽  
Behavioral Control ◽  
Tourism Industry ◽  
Equation Modeling ◽  
Perceived Behavioral Control ◽  
Practical Consideration ◽  
Content Type ◽  
The Impact

Purpose International students are considered as a huge and potentially lucrative segment for various products of the tourism industry in Malaysia. One of the tourism products is the local food they consume. The purpose of this paper is to investigate key factors that contribute to international students’ intention to consume Malay food. Drawing on the theory of planned behavior (TPB), the present study examines the impact of attitude, subject norm and perceived behavioral control (PBC) on international students’ intention to consume Malay food. Design/methodology/approach A quantitative approach using self-administered questionnaire was adopted. A total of 163 samples were collected from international students studying in five different Malaysian higher education institutions. A partial least squares structural equation modeling technique was used to test the hypothesized model. Findings The findings highlight that attitude, subject norms and PBC significantly motivate international students to consume local food. The subject norm toward consuming local food was revealed as the strongest predictor of international students’ intention to consume Malay food. Originality/value Although this is one of the early studies that uses the TPB in assessing the factors that influence international students’ intention to consume local food, this paper is driven by and aimed for practical consideration and thus making a significant contribution to practice. Specifically, the findings of the present study provide important implications for tourism industry practitioners to plan and implement initiatives that may promote local food among international students studying in Malaysian institutions.

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