Beneficial effects of linum usitatissimum L. on dyslipidemia, oxidative stress and inflammatory cytokines in hypercholesterolemic rats

2019 ◽  
Vol 49 (4) ◽  
pp. 777-790 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sarra Dali ◽  
Djamil Krouf ◽  
Zoheir Mellouk ◽  
Nawal Taleb-Dida
Keyword(s):  
Oxidative Stress ◽  
Linum Usitatissimum ◽  
Hdl Cholesterol ◽  
Control Group ◽  
High Cholesterol Diet ◽  
Casein Diet ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Beneficial Effects ◽  
Linum Usitatissimum L ◽  
Male Wistar Rats

Purpose This paper aims to study the effects of a diet supplemented with flaxseeds on dyslipidemia, oxidative stress and proinflammatory cytokines, in rats consuming a high-cholesterol diet. Design/methodology/approach Male Wistar rats (n = 30) weighing (250 ± 5 g) of which 10 were control and 20 were rendered hypercholesterolemic (HC) by feeding a diet enriched with 1% of cholesterol, for 15 days. After this phase, rats were divided into two groups; hypercholesterolemic group (HC) (n = 10), fed 20% casein diet enriched with 1% cholesterol; and hypercholesterolemic rats fed the same diet (n = 10), but additionally supplemented with flaxseeds (Linum usitatissimum) (Lu) powder, i.e. HC-Lu. Animals of the control group (n = 10) were fed the casein diet. All the animals were maintained on the respective diets for four weeks. Findings This study showed that in HC-Lu as compared to HC group, plasma total cholesterol, triacylglycerols and non-HDL cholesterol concentrations were respectively 2.4-, 1.5- and 3-fold lower. Also, the lipid peroxidation was reduced in red blood cells, organs (liver, heart and aorta) and lipoproteins (HDL2, HDL3 and VDL-LDL). A higher superoxide dismutase activity was observed in liver (+61%), heart (+62%) and aorta (+59%), whereas plasma proinflammatory cytokine (IL-1beta and IL-6) levels were decreased. Originality/value These results suggest that flaxseeds help to reduce hypercholesterolemia, oxidative stress and inflammation in patients with hypercholesterolemia.

Dietary restriction and fibre supplementation: oxidative stress and metabolic shifting for cardiac health

2003 ◽  
Vol 81 (11) ◽  
pp. 1042-1048 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yeda S Diniz ◽  
Antonio C Cicogna ◽  
Carlos R Padovani ◽  
Maeli D.P Silva ◽  
Luciane A Faine ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Oxidative Stress ◽  
Dietary Restriction ◽  
Dietary Fibre ◽  
Cardiac Tissue ◽  
Citrate Synthase ◽  
Lipid Hydroperoxide ◽  
Hdl Cholesterol ◽  
Main Process ◽  
Beneficial Effects ◽  
Male Wistar Rats

Dietary modification ought to be the first line of strategy in prevention of the development of cardiac disease. The purpose of this study was to investigate whether dietary restriction, dietary-fibre-enriched diet, and their interactions might affect antioxidant capacity and oxidative stress in cardiac tissue. Male Wistar rats (180–200 g; n = 10) were divided into four groups: control ad libitum diet (C), 50% restricted diet (DR), fed with fibre-enriched diet (F), and 50% restricted fibre-enriched diet (DR-F). After 35 days of the treatments, F, DR, and DR-F rats showed low cholesterol, LDL-cholesterol, and triacylglycerol, and high HDL-cholesterol in serum. The DR, DR-F, and F groups had decreased myocardial lipoperoxide and lipid hydroperoxide. The DR-F and F treatments increased superoxide dismutase and glutatione peroxidase (GSH-Px). The DR treatment increased GSH-Px and catalase activities. Dietary fibre beneficial effects were related to metabolic alterations. The F and DR-F groups showed high cardiac glycogen and low lactate dehydrogenase/citrate synthase ratios, indicating diminished anaerobic and elevated aerobic myocardial metabolism in these animals. There was no synergistic effect between dietary restriction and dietary fibre addition, since no differences were observed in markers of oxidative stress in the F and DR-F groups. Dietary fibre supplementation, rather than energy intake and dietary restriction, appears to be the main process retarding oxidative stress in cardiac tissue.Key words: dietary fibre, dietary restriction, cardiac tissue, oxidative stress.

scholarly journals Can psychobiotics administration influence behavioral responses and physiological stress in healthy rats?

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mohammad Morshedi ◽  
Khadijeh Bavafa Valenlia ◽  
Maryam Saghafi-Asl ◽  
Saeid Hadi ◽  
Vahid Hadi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Oxidative Stress ◽  
Physiological Stress ◽  
Behavioral Responses ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Beneficial Effects ◽  
Disease States ◽  
Stress Markers ◽  
Total Antioxidant ◽  
Male Wistar Rats ◽  
And Control

Background: There is a well-documented cross-talk between the gut and brain. Evidence is accumulating to suggest beneficial effects of psychobiotics [prebiotics, probiotics or synbiotics] on psychological distress in disease states. However, their role in healthy status remains relatively unclear. Objectives: The present study was aimed to clarify if psychobiotics could influence behavioral responses and physiological stress in healthy rats. Methods: In the present experiment, 28 male Wistar rats were divided into four groups (healthy rats treated by Lactobacillus plantarum (L.plantarum), inulin and their combination (synbiotic) and control group). Then, psychobiotics were administered to the intervention groups for 8 weeks. Behavioral tests (Morris water maze, Elevated plus maze, and Forced swimming test) were performed at the endpoint. Then, serum and brain levels of superoxide dismutase, malondialdehyde, glutathione peroxidase, total antioxidant capacity, brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF), and serotonin were measured. Results: Our finding indicated that unlike inulin, the administration of L.plantarum and synbiotic could ameliorate depression and anxiety-like behavior and cognitive performance (P<0.05). Serum and brain oxidative stress markers were significantly improved by synbiotic consumption. Intake of L.plantarum led to decreased oxidative stress in the hippocampus and amygdala (P<0.05). Moreover, a significant increase in hippocampal serotonin and BDNF concentration was observed after synbiotic and L.plantarum intake (P<0.05). In addition, there was a strong correlation of serum and brain markers with behavioral performance (P< 0.05). Conclusion: Our study suggests that psychobiotics therapy may have favorable effects on the amelioration of psychological disorders.

scholarly journals Oxidative stress during rehabilitation from protein malnutrition associated with aerobic exercise in rats

2007 ◽  
Vol 50 (1) ◽  
pp. 45-55 ◽  
Author(s):  
Francisco José Andriotti Prada ◽  
Denise Vaz Macedo ◽  
Maria Alice Rostom de Mello
Keyword(s):  
Oxidative Stress ◽  
Physical Exercise ◽  
Aerobic Exercise ◽  
Body Weight Gain ◽  
Protein Malnutrition ◽  
Protein Diet ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Beneficial Effects ◽  
Male Wistar Rats ◽  
Normal Protein Diet

This study was designed to evaluate biomarkers of oxidative stress in rats with or without aerobic exercise during recovery from protein malnutrition. From the 30th to the 90th day of life, male Wistar rats were fed a low protein diet (LP + 6%) followed by a normal protein diet (NP = 17%) until the 120th day and separated in two groups: sedentary (S) and exercise trained (E = swimming 1h/day, 5 days/week, with from the 90th to the 120th day). Rats fed a normal protein diet were used as controls. Results showed that physical exercise had beneficial effects on body weight gain during nutrition rehabilitation. Erythrocytes catalase and glutathione reductase (biomarkers of the antioxidant system) were significantly reduced in all groups in comparison to the sedentary control group. The plasma concentration of TBARs (biomarkers of the oxidative damage) was also lower in the recovered rats, suggesting that the improvement in body growth after nutritional rehabilitation with physical exercise could be related to a decrease in the oxidative stress level.

scholarly journals Evaluation of Hypolipidemic and Hepatoprotective Effects of Linum usitatissimum L. Seeds on Hypercholesterolemic Rats

2021 ◽  
pp. 85-93
Author(s):  
Chaitali Pattanayak ◽  
Jyotirmayee Bahinipati ◽  
Vartika Srivastava ◽  
Sougata Sarkar
Keyword(s):  
Linum Usitatissimum ◽  
Cardiovascular Effects ◽  
Control Group ◽  
High Cholesterol Diet ◽  
Standard Drug ◽  
Group Iii ◽  
Linum Usitatissimum L ◽  
Chronic Progressive Disease ◽  
Hepatoprotective Effects ◽  
Flax Seeds

Background: Hyperlipidaemia is a chronic progressive disease, which encompasses various genetic and acquired conditions resulting in inappropriately elevated lipid levels in humans.  Several preclinical and clinical studies have demonstrated that dietary supplementation with Linum Usitatissimum have beneficial cardiovascular effects like antihypertensive action, antiatherogenic effects, lowering of cholesterol, anti-inflammatory action and inhibition of arrhythmia. There are few studies on hepatoprotective effects of flax seeds in hyperlipidemic animal models. Aim and objectives: Hence, this study was undertaken to evaluate the hypolipidemic and hepatoprotective effect of Linum seeds. Methods: The study was conducted for the period of two months in Department of Pharmacology KIMS, Bhubaneswar. Total 36 Albino wistar rats were taken and divided into 6 groups containing 6 rats each. Group II was hypercholesterolemic (HC) control, Group III was treatment control and Group IV to VI rats were given different doses of extract. Blood samples were taken at the end of two months. Results: All the values are expressed as Mean±SD (standard deviation). Significant decrease in lipid parameters and liver enzymes is seen at the end of two months in all 3 groups receiving the extract, where the highest dose of extract used, is near to the standard drug. Conclusion: From this study, it can be concluded that the addition of the flaxseeds to the diet may alleviate the rise in circulating cholesterol levels induced by the high cholesterol diet through its content of alfa-linolenic acid (ALA) and lignins. The hepatoprotective role of flaxseed in hypercholesterolaemia has also been demonstrated in this this study.

Mechanism Involved in Fortification by Berberine in CDDP-Induced Nephrotoxicity

2020 ◽  
Vol 13 (4) ◽  
pp. 342-352 ◽  
Author(s):  
Vipin K. Verma ◽  
Salma Malik ◽  
Ekta Mutneja ◽  
Anil K. Sahu ◽  
Kumari Rupashi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Oxidative Stress ◽  
Renal Tissue ◽  
Isoquinoline Alkaloid ◽  
Experimental Models ◽  
Beclin 1 ◽  
Control Treatment ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Treatment Groups ◽  
Single Intraperitoneal Injection ◽  
Male Wistar Rats

Background: The activation of Nrf2/HO-1 pathway has been shown to protect against cisplatin- induced nephrotoxicity by reducing oxidative stress. Berberine (Ber), an isoquinoline alkaloid, has demonstrated antioxidant, anti-inflammatory and anti-apoptotic activities in various experimental models. Aim: To check the effect of Ber on cisplatin-induced nephrotoxicity and to explore the involved mechanism. Methods: Adult male Wistar rats were divided into 6 groups: Normal, cisplatin-control, treatment groups and per se group. Normal saline and Ber (20, 40 and 80 mg/kg; p.o.) was administered to rats for 10 days. A single intraperitoneal injection of cisplatin (8 mg/kg) was injected on 7th day to induced nephrotoxicity. On 10th day, rats were sacrificed, the kidney was removed and stored for the estimation of various parameters. Results: As compared to cisplatin-control group, Ber pretreatment improved renal function system and preserved renal architecture. It also diminished oxidative stress by upregulating the expression of Nrf2/HO-1 proteins. In addition, Ber attenuated the cisplatin mediated inflammation and apoptosis. Furthermore, it also reduced the phosphorylation of p38/JNK and PARP/Beclin-1 expression in the kidney. Conclusion: Ber attenuated renal injury by activating Nrf2/HO-1 and inhibiting JNK/p38MAPKs/ PARP/Beclin-1 expression which prevented oxidative stress, inflammation, apoptosis and autophagy in renal tissue.

scholarly journals Effects of Apocynin on Heart Muscle Oxidative Stress of Rats with Experimental Diabetes: Implications for Mitochondria

Antioxidants ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (3) ◽  
pp. 335
Author(s):  
Estefanía Bravo-Sánchez ◽  
Donovan Peña-Montes ◽  
Sarai Sánchez-Duarte ◽  
Alfredo Saavedra-Molina ◽  
Elizabeth Sánchez-Duarte ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Oxidative Stress ◽  
Insulin Sensitivity ◽  
Cardiac Tissue ◽  
Diabetic Rats ◽  
Oxidase Inhibitor ◽  
Beneficial Effects ◽  
Glucose Levels ◽  
Blood Glucose Levels ◽  
Transport Chain ◽  
Male Wistar Rats

Diabetes mellitus (DM) constitutes one of the public health problems today. It is characterized by hyperglycemia through a defect in the β-cells function and/or decreased insulin sensitivity. Apocynin has been tasted acting directly as an NADPH oxidase inhibitor and reactive oxygen species (ROS) scavenger, exhibiting beneficial effects against diabetic complications. Hence, the present study’s goal was to dissect the possible mechanisms by which apocynin could mediate its cardioprotective effect against DM-induced oxidative stress. Male Wistar rats were assigned into 4 groups: Control (C), control + apocynin (C+A), diabetes (D), diabetes + apocynin (D+A). DM was induced with streptozotocin. Apocynin treatment (3 mg/kg/day) was applied for 5 weeks. Treatment significantly decreased blood glucose levels and insulin resistance in diabetic rats. In cardiac tissue, ROS levels were higher, and catalase enzyme activity was reduced in the D group compared to the C group; the apocynin treatment significantly attenuated these responses. In heart mitochondria, Complexes I and II of the electron transport chain (ETC) were significantly enhanced in the D+A group. Total glutathione, the level of reduced glutathione (GSH) and the GSH/ oxidized glutathione (GSSG) ratio were increased in the D+A group. Superoxide dismutase (SOD) and the glutathione peroxidase (GSH-Px) activities were without change. Apocynin enhances glucose uptake and insulin sensitivity, preserving the antioxidant defense and mitochondrial function.

Legumin from chickpea: hypolipidemic effect in the liver of hypercholesterolemic rats

2014 ◽  
Vol 44 (5) ◽  
pp. 378-388 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ana L. Amaral ◽  
Ederlan S. Ferreira ◽  
Valdir A. Neves ◽  
Aureluce Demonte
Keyword(s):  
Lipid Metabolism ◽  
Cholic Acid ◽  
Hdl Cholesterol ◽  
Normal Diet ◽  
Single Daily Dose ◽  
High Cholesterol Diet ◽  
Hypolipidemic Effect ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Daily Dose ◽  
11S Globulin

Purpose – This paper aims to determine the effects of 11S globulin isolated from Chickpea (Cicer arietinum L.) on lipid metabolism in animals subjected to a hypercholesterolemic and hyperlipidemic diet and compared to the drug simvastatin. Design/methodology/approach – Thirty-six male Wistar rats, kept in individual cages and under appropriate conditions, were separated into groups that were fed a normal diet (STD) containing casein as protein source and according to AIN-93G; a high-cholesterol diet (HC), normal diet plus 1 per cent cholesterol and 0.5 per cent cholic acid and 20 per cent coconut oil; HC diet plus the isolated 11S globulin (300 mg/kg/day); and HC diet plus the simvastatin (50 mg/kg/day), both dissolved in saline and administered by gavage for 28 days. After this time, the animals were killed. Findings – The results indicated that the addition of 1 per cent cholesterol and 0.5 per cent cholic acid induced hypercholesterolemia in the animals without interfering with their weight gain. Analyses of total cholesterol (TC), HDL-cholesterol (HDL-C) and triglycerides (TG) in the plasma, and TC and TG in the liver were made. The results show that the protein isolated from chickpea, and given as a single daily dose, did not affect the levels of plasma TC and its fractions, although decreasing the TG levels. Unlike the simvastatin, the chickpea protein significantly reduced TC and TG in the liver relative to HC group. Originality/value – A single daily dose of 11S globulin from chickpea contributed as only as additional 2.8 per cent of dietary protein intake. These findings demonstrate that 11S chickpea protein acts as a functional agent in the lipid metabolism in addition to its nutritional properties.

scholarly journals A Subpressor Dose of Angiotensin II Elevates Blood Pressure in a Normotensive Rat Model by Oxidative Stress

2015 ◽  
pp. 153-159 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. M. GOVENDER ◽  
A. NADAR
Keyword(s):  
Oxidative Stress ◽  
Blood Pressure ◽  
Angiotensin Ii ◽  
Mrna Expression ◽  
Rat Model ◽  
Wistar Rat ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Sod Activity ◽  
Male Wistar Rats ◽  
Experimental Group

Oxidative stress is an imbalance between free radicals and antioxidants, and is an important etiological factor in the development of hypertension. Recent experimental evidence suggests that subpressor doses of angiotensin II elevate oxidative stress and blood pressure. We aimed to investigate the oxidative stress related mechanism by which a subpressor dose of angiotensin II induces hypertension in a normotensive rat model. Normotensive male Wistar rats were infused with a subpressor dose of angiotensin II for 28 days. The control group was sham operated and infused with saline only. Plasma angiotensin II and H2O2 levels, whole-blood glutathione peroxidase, and AT-1a, Cu/Zn SOD, and p22phox mRNA expression in the aorta was assessed. Systolic and diastolic blood pressures were elevated in the experimental group. There was no change in angiotensin II levels, but a significant increase in AT-1a mRNA expression was found in the experimental group. mRNA expression of p22phox was increased significantly and Cu/Zn SOD decreased significantly in the experimental group. There was no significant change to the H2O2 and GPx levels. Angiotensin II manipulates the free radical-antioxidant balance in the vasculature by selectively increasing O2− production and decreasing SOD activity and causes an oxidative stress induced elevation in blood pressure in the Wistar rat.

Comparison of ameliorative effects of Taraxacum syriacum and N-acetylcysteine against acetaminophen-induced oxidative stress in rat liver and kidney

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Reza Eshrati ◽  
Mahvash Jafari ◽  
Saeed Gudarzi ◽  
Afshen Nazari ◽  
Esmaeil Samizadeh ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Oxidative Stress ◽  
Antioxidant Properties ◽  
Radical Scavenging ◽  
Ethanol Extract ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Standard Drug ◽  
Ameliorative Effect ◽  
Male Wistar Rats ◽  
Liver And Kidney ◽  
Serum Biochemical

Abstract Taraxacum syriacum (TS) with natural antioxidant and pharmacological activities may be considered for treatment of oxidative stress induced by acetaminophen (APAP). The aim of this study was to evaluate the ameliorative effects of the ethanol extract of TS root against hepatorenal toxicity induced by APAP in comparison to N-acetylcysteine (NAC) as a standard drug. Thirty male Wistar rats were randomly divided into five groups. Control group; APAP (1 g/kg) group; APAP–NAC (160 mg/kg) group and APAP-TS100 and APAP-TS200 groups: APAP plus 100 and 200 mg/kg of TS extract, respectively. After 7 days treatment, serum and liver and kidney tissues were prepared and evaluated. TS extract ameliorated the increased lipid peroxidation level and decreased antioxidant enzymes activities and glutathione level in liver and kidney of APAP-treated rats. Moreover, treatment with the TS extract caused significant reduction in the histopathological damages and high levels of serum biochemical markers of hepatic and renal functions after APAP treatment. This study suggests that the extract of TS roots has dose-dependent ameliorative effect against APAP-induced oxidative damage in liver and kidney due to its free radical scavenging and antioxidant properties. The overall efficacy of the extract at 200 mg/kg dose is comparable with NAC.

scholarly journals Isosteviol ameliorates diabetic cardiomyopathy in rats by inhibiting ERK and NF-κB signaling pathways

2018 ◽  
Vol 238 (1) ◽  
pp. 47-60 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sheng-Gao Tang ◽  
Xiao-Yu Liu ◽  
Ji-Ming Ye ◽  
Ting-Ting Hu ◽  
Ying-Ying Yang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Oxidative Stress ◽  
Blood Glucose ◽  
Diabetic Cardiomyopathy ◽  
Nuclear Factor Κb ◽  
Diabetic Rats ◽  
Signal Pathways ◽  
Mortality And Morbidity ◽  
Beneficial Effects ◽  
Male Wistar Rats ◽  
Glucose Plasma

Diabetes-induced injury of myocardium, defined as diabetic cardiomyopathy (DCM), accounts for significant mortality and morbidity in diabetic population. Alleviation of DCM by a potent drug remains considerable interests in experimental and clinical researches because hypoglycemic drugs cannot effectively control this condition. Here, we explored the beneficial effects of isosteviol sodium (STVNa) on type 1 diabetes-induced DCM and the potential mechanisms involved. Male Wistar rats were induced to diabetes by injection of streptozotocin (STZ). One week later, diabetic rats were randomly grouped to receive STVNa (STZ/STVNa) or its vehicle (STZ). After 11 weeks of treatment or 11 weeks treatment following 4 weeks of removal of the treatment, the cardiac function and structure were evaluated and related mechanisms were investigated. In diabetic rats, oxidative stress, inflammation, blood glucose and plasma advanced glycation end products (AGEs) were significantly increased, whereas superoxide dismutase 2 (SOD-2) expression and activity were decreased. STVNa treatment inhibited cardiac hypertrophy, fibrosis and inflammation, showed similar ratio of heart to body weight and antioxidant capacities almost similar to the normal controls, which can be sustained at least 4 weeks. Moreover, STVNa inhibited diabetes-inducted stimulation of both extracellular signal-regulated kinase (ERK) and nuclear factor κB (NF-κB) signal pathways. However, blood glucose, plasma AGE and insulin levels were not altered by STVNa treatment. These results indicate that STVNa may be developed into a potent therapy for DCM. The mechanism underlying this therapeutic effect involves the suppression of oxidative stress and inflammation by inhibiting ERK and NF-κB without changing blood glucose or AGEs.

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