scholarly journals Effects of Different Types Strength Exercises with Thera-Band® on Oxidative Stress and DNA Damage

2019 ◽  
Vol 7 (3) ◽  
pp. 14
Author(s):  
Ozturk Agirbas
Keyword(s):  
Oxidative Stress ◽  
Dna Damage ◽  
Dynamic Strength ◽  
Exercise Group ◽  
Static Strength ◽  
Strength Exercise ◽  
Single Session ◽  
Strength Exercises ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Different Types

The aim of this study is to determine the effects of both static and dynamic strength trainings on oxidative stress and DNA damage in elite boxers. 19 elite male boxers participated in the study. Boxers were instructed to perform strength exercises 3 days a week for 8 weeks. Blood samples were taken before exercises (resting), after the first exercise (acute) and after 8 weeks following the last exercise (chronic). MDA, SOD, GPx and 8-OHdG levels of blood were examined. Statistical analyses were carried out using the SPSS 22 for Windows. The data were found to not be distributed normally. Thus, Friedman, Wilcoxon and Mann-Whitney U tests were used. The results were evaluated using an alpha level of .05. In the dynamic strength exercise group, there was no significance at GPx, however MDA, SOD and 8-OHdG levels decreased in 8 weeks. In static strength exercise group, although there was no significance at SOD, GPx and 8-OHdG, MDA levels decreased both after a single session and in 8 weeks. In addition, significant difference was found between dynamic and static exercise groups at SOD, GPx and 8-OHdG levels in pre-exercise and at 8-OHdG levels after 8 weeks.  Dynamic strength exercises with Thera-Band are effective on MDA, SOD and 8-OHdG chronically, static strength exercises are effective on MDA both acutely and chronically. Neither dynamic nor static strength exercises are not effective on GPx both acutely and chronically.

scholarly journals The Effects of Different Exercise Types on Hematological Parameters in Sedentary Women

2018 ◽  
Vol 6 (8) ◽  
pp. 96 ◽  
Author(s):  
Güner Çiçek
Keyword(s):  
Heart Rate ◽  
Body Weight ◽  
Blood Cell ◽  
Aerobic Exercise ◽  
Hematological Parameters ◽  
Exercise Group ◽  
The Body ◽  
Strength Exercise ◽  
Strength Exercises ◽  
Sedentary Women

The purpose of this study is to investigate the effect of aerobic and strength exercises on hematological parameters in sedentary women. To achieve the purpose of this study, a total of 23 volunteers including aerobic exercise group (AE, n: 10), strength exercise group (SE, n:13) were selected as participants. Two different exercises were applied for 4 days a week, throughout 16 weeks, within 60 minutes for each exercise with the intensity of heart rate (HR) 60-70 percent. The HR was measured using a heart rate monitor for each subject.The women's white blood cell (WBC), thrombocyte (PLT), red blood cell (RBC), hemoglobin (HGB), hematocrit (HCT) and mean corpuscular volume (MCV) were measured before and after exercise. For statistical analysis, the Wilcoxon signed-rank test was used for intra-group evaluations, and the Mann Whitney U test was used for inter-group evaluations. After the exercise program, there were a meaningful decrease in the body weight and body mass index (BMI) the women in both intervention groups. In addition, in the hematological results of strength exercise group, some meaningful decreases were determined in the values of RBC, HGB, HCT and MCV (p<0.01). As a results, it was observed that regular aerobic and strength exercises can positively influence the body weight and BMI parameters of sedentary women. Along with this, a meaningful decrease has been found in the values of RBC, HGB, HCT and MCV of strength exercise group compared to aerobic exercise.

scholarly journals Heat-Not-Burn cigarette induces oxidative stress response in primary rat alveolar epithelial cells

PLoS ONE ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 15 (11) ◽  
pp. e0242789
Author(s):  
Yoko Ito ◽  
Kana Oshinden ◽  
Naokata Kutsuzawa ◽  
Chinatsu Kohno ◽  
Sanae Isaki ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Oxidative Stress ◽  
Stress Response ◽  
Epithelial Cells ◽  
Oxidative Stress Response ◽  
Alveolar Epithelial Cells ◽  
Target Cells ◽  
Type I ◽  
Alveolar Epithelial ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Different Types

There has been an increase in the usage of heat-not-burn (HNB) cigarette products. However, their effects on alveolar epithelial cells (AECs) remain unknown. AECs are the target cells of conventional cigarette smoking-related respiratory diseases such as chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis and lung cancer whose pathogenesis involves oxidative stress. In this study, primary rat AECs were isolated, cultured and stimulated by HNB cigarette smoke extract (CSE). Our data indicate that rat AECs exposed to HNB CSE induced oxidative stress response genes (e.g. Hmox-1, Gsta1, Gsta3 and Nqo1). We also compared the oxidative stress response between two different types of AECs, alveolar type I-like (ATI-like) cells and type II (ATII) cells, and between two different types of cigarette, HNB cigarettes and conventional cigarettes. The expressions of Gsta1, Gsta3 and Nqo1 were higher in ATII cells than ATI-like cells in response to HNB and conventional cigarettes, but there was no significant difference in their expression levels between HNB cigarette and conventional cigarette. Taken together, our results suggest that HNB cigarettes have the similar potential as conventional cigarette products to induce oxidative stress response in AECs.

scholarly journals Evaluation of oxidative stress in mice subjected to aerobic exercise

2012 ◽  
Vol 27 (8) ◽  
pp. 544-551 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mônica Cruvinel de Lima ◽  
Guido Marks ◽  
Iandara Schettert Silva ◽  
Baldomero Antonio Kato da Silva ◽  
Lourdes Zélia Zanoni Cônsolo ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Oxidative Stress ◽  
Smooth Muscle ◽  
Aerobic Exercise ◽  
Striated Muscle ◽  
Exercise Program ◽  
Exercise Group ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Adaptation Period ◽  
Intergroup Comparison ◽  
Significant Difference

PURPOSE: To evaluate the influence of aerobic exercise on oxidative stress in mice. METHODS: The study included twenty female mice Mus musculus-Swiss divided into two groups: sedentary control (GA) and exercise (GB), each containing ten animals. All animals underwent an adaptation period of seven days isolated in individual boxes. After this period, the animals in the exercise group (GB) were trained in angled running wheel with circumference of 25 cm assembled on an articulated axle during five minutes for three consecutive days. On the fourth day, they underwent an exercise program of one session lasting 45 minutes. The evaluation of oxidative stress was performed by determining the levels of malondialhyde derived of lipid peroxidation by the TBA method. The samples were read in a spectrophotometer at 535 nm. RESULTS: No significant difference was observed in the intergroup comparison of MDA levels in the tissues evaluated. A significant difference was observed in the intragroup comparison of MDA levels in the control group (p = 0.0201).The Tukeys' post hoc test indicated significantly lower values of MDA in the smooth muscle in relation to plasma. In the analysis of variance in the exercise group, a significant difference between tissues (p = 0.0009), with significantly lower values in the smooth muscle in relation to plasma (p<0.001) and higher in striated muscle in relation to smooth muscle (p<0.05) was observed. CONCLUSION: There was no change in the analysis of oxidative stress in mice which were undergone a single session of aerobic exercise.

Investigating the Effect of Fresh Frozen Plasma and Albumin on DNA Damage and Oxidative Stress Biomarkers in Poisoning Cases by Organophosphates

Drug Research ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 71 (01) ◽  
pp. 10-16
Author(s):  
Saeed Afzali ◽  
Manoochehr Karami ◽  
Nejat Kheyripour ◽  
Akram Ranjbar
Keyword(s):  
Oxidative Stress ◽  
Dna Damage ◽  
Fresh Frozen Plasma ◽  
Adjunctive Treatment ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Oxidative Stress Biomarkers ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Antioxidant Parameters ◽  
Fresh Frozen ◽  
Frozen Plasma

AbstractThe efficacy of albumin and fresh frozen plasma (FFP) and their effects on biomarkers of oxidative stress has been evaluated. In a randomized clinical control trial, 33 poisoned patients by Organophosphate (OP) were enrolled in the research and divided into three groups. The first group underwent conventional treatments by atropine and pralidoxime (control group); the second and third groups, in addition to traditional treatments, received albumin and FFP. Cholinesterase (ChE) enzyme activity, total antioxidant capacity (TAC), serum thiol groups (TTG), malonyl aldehyde (MDA) and DNA damage were measured in all treatment and control groups. Patients were matched in terms of demographic characteristics at the beginning of the study. ChE activity was increased in all three groups during treatment, which was more noticeable in the FFP group and was statistically significant in both albumin and FFP group compared to the control group (p<0.05). TAC increased, and TTG decreased in FFP and albumin groups compared to the control group; no significant difference was observed. MDA decreased in albumin and FFP and was significantly different in the FFP group compared to the control group (p<0.05). The amount of DNA damage in FFP and albumin groups decreased, and there was a significant difference compared to the control group (p<0.05). According to the results of this study, due to the decrease of oxidative damage parameters and the increase of antioxidant parameters in albumin and specially FFP groups, FFP may be considered as an adjunctive treatment for OP poisoning.

scholarly journals Assessment of DNA damage and oxidative stress among traffic conductors and coal miners

2021 ◽  
Vol 37 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Irfan Ullah ◽  
Muhammad Zahid ◽  
Muhammad Jawad ◽  
Aatik Arsh
Keyword(s):  
Oxidative Stress ◽  
Dna Damage ◽  
Superoxide Dismutase ◽  
Tail Length ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Control Groups ◽  
Coal Miners ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
And Oxidative Stress ◽  
Mine Workers

Objective: To assess the DNA damage and oxidative stress among traffic conductors and coal miners. Methods: An analytical cross-sectional survey was conducted in Karak, Pakistan from March to October 2019. A total of 240 individuals participated in the study with an age range between 17 to 55 years. Among the total sample, 60 participants had exposure to traffic pollution while 60 were mine workers. Two control groups, consisting of 60 individuals each, were also recruited for comparison with the two exposure groups. Comet assay protocols were performed for assessing DNA damage and oxidative stress (length of DNA tail, levels of Superoxide Dismutase (SOD), Malondialdehyde (MDA) and Glutathione (GSH)). Data was analyzed using T-test on statistix 9.0 software. Results: The DNA tail length in traffic conductors ranged from 26.83-30.55µm (Mean=28.69 µm while their control group had DNA tail length of 7.98-9.26µm (Mean= 8.62). There was significant difference (P <0.001) between exposure and control group. The DNA length recorded in coal mine workers and their control group was ranged from 29.06-31.26µm (Mean=30.16µm) and 9.42-10.22µm (Mean=9.82), respectively. There was significant difference (P <0.001) between the two groups. As compared to control groups, both exposure groups have high levels of Superoxide Dismutase and Malondialdehyde and low levels of Glutathione. The finding was statistically significant (P <0.001). Conclusion: Increased inhalational exposure to air pollutants via working in traffic or coal mines can impose higher oxidative stress and DNA damage among workers as compared to the general population. doi: https://doi.org/10.12669/pjms.37.2.2848 How to cite this:Ullah I, Zahid M, Jawad M, Arsh A. Assessment of DNA damage and oxidative stress among traffic conductors and coal miners. Pak J Med Sci. 2021;37(2):---------. doi: https://doi.org/10.12669/pjms.37.2.2848 This is an Open Access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0), which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.

scholarly journals DNA Repair of 8-Oxo-7,8-Dihydroguanine Lesions in Porphyromonas gingivalis

2008 ◽  
Vol 190 (24) ◽  
pp. 7985-7993 ◽  
Author(s):  
Leroy G. Henry ◽  
Lawrence Sandberg ◽  
Kangling Zhang ◽  
Hansel M. Fletcher
Keyword(s):  
Oxidative Stress ◽  
Dna Damage ◽  
Porphyromonas Gingivalis ◽  
Parent Strain ◽  
Excision Repair ◽  
Periodontal Pocket ◽  
Chromosomal Dna ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Nucleotide Excision ◽  
Base Excision

ABSTRACT The persistence of Porphyromonas gingivalis in the inflammatory environment of the periodontal pocket requires an ability to overcome oxidative stress. DNA damage is a major consequence of oxidative stress. Unlike the case for other organisms, our previous report suggests a role for a non-base excision repair mechanism for the removal of 8-oxo-7,8-dihydroguanine (8-oxo-G) in P. gingivalis. Because the uvrB gene is known to be important in nucleotide excision repair, the role of this gene in the repair of oxidative stress-induced DNA damage was investigated. A 3.1-kb fragment containing the uvrB gene was PCR amplified from the chromosomal DNA of P. gingivalis W83. This gene was insertionally inactivated using the ermF-ermAM antibiotic cassette and used to create a uvrB-deficient mutant by allelic exchange. When plated on brucella blood agar, the mutant strain, designated P. gingivalis FLL144, was similar in black pigmentation and beta-hemolysis to the parent strain. In addition, P. gingivalis FLL144 demonstrated no significant difference in growth rate, proteolytic activity, or sensitivity to hydrogen peroxide from that of the parent strain. However, in contrast to the wild type, P. gingivalis FLL144 was significantly sensitive to UV irradiation. The enzymatic removal of 8-oxo-G from duplex DNA was unaffected by the inactivation of the uvrB gene. DNA affinity fractionation identified unique proteins that preferentially bound to the oligonucleotide fragment carrying the 8-oxo-G lesion. Collectively, these results suggest that the repair of oxidative stress-induced DNA damage involving 8-oxo-G may occur by a still undescribed mechanism in P. gingivalis.

scholarly journals MEASUREMENT OF DNA DAMAGE, OXIDATIVE STRESS, AND GENE EXPRESSION OF β-CATENIN AND P53 GENES IN LIVER AND BRAIN OF MALE MICE RECEIVING MONOSODIUM L-GLUTAMATE MONOHYDRATE

2020 ◽  
pp. 127-132
Author(s):  
NOHA IBRAHIM SAID SALEM ◽  
HANAN R.H. MOHAMED ◽  
AREEG MOHAMED ABD-ELRAZEK
Keyword(s):  
Oxidative Stress ◽  
Gene Expression ◽  
Dna Damage ◽  
Oxidative Dna Damage ◽  
Quantitative Polymerase Chain Reaction ◽  
Significant Decline ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Group I ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
P53 Genes

Introduction: Monosodium L-glutamate (MSG) monohydrate is a widespread nutritional additive and flavoring agent frequently consumed all over the world. In this study, we investigate the action of daily oral intake of MSG monohydrate in vivo using mammalian systems. Methods: Mice divided as follows: Group I (normal control), Group II, and Group III treated with MSG for 2 and 4 weeks, respectively. Brain and liver dissected out for the detection of fragmented DNA, DNA damage, and assay of oxidative stress markers. Moreover, expression levels of ß-Cat and p53 genes were measured by a real-time quantitative polymerase chain reaction. Results: The results showed a significant difference in MSG-treated group at the 2-time intervals than the control one regarding parameters of oxidative stress, and these were accompanied by a significant decline in glutathione (GSH) and a ratio of oxidized and reduced GSH in both tissues. Significant elevation of laddered DNA and oxidative DNA damage was observed in groups treated with MSG. In addition, a significant decline in gene expression of ß-Catenin in liver and brain tissues with elevations in the gene expression of p53 in the brain. Furthermore, the p53 gene in liver tissue was significantly upregulated in mice administered MSG for 15 days and was downregulated after 30 days of MSG intake compared with the control. Conclusion: According to our results, oral consumption of MSG leads to oxidative stress-mediated DNA damage and apoptosis.

scholarly journals Resveratrol Reverses Thioacetamide-Induced Renal Assault with respect to Oxidative Stress, Renal Function, DNA Damage, and Cytokine Release in Wistar Rats

2019 ◽  
Vol 2019 ◽  
pp. 1-8 ◽  
Author(s):  
Seema Zargar ◽  
Mona Alonazi ◽  
Humaira Rizwana ◽  
Tanveer A. Wani
Keyword(s):  
Oxidative Stress ◽  
Lipid Peroxidation ◽  
Dna Damage ◽  
Creatine Kinase ◽  
Renal Function ◽  
Treated Group ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Cytokine Release ◽  
Kidney Toxicity ◽  
Significant Difference

Background. Thioacetamide (TAA), a class 2B-type carcinogen, is a potent toxicant. Toxicities caused by this compound in various tissues due to oxidative stress, increase of proinflammatory markers, and apoptosis have been reported; however, reports on kidney toxicity are negligible. Resveratrol (RSV), on the other hand, has demonstrated antioxidant and anti-inflammatory effects in different cases. Resveratrol’s protective effects against TAA kidney toxicity were investigated in four rat groups. Methodology. Four groups of rats were studied as follows (n=8): control group, where rats were fed normal diet and water; TAA group, where rats received 0.3% TAA in water for two weeks; RSV group, where rats received 10 mg/kg body weight (bw) of RSV as oral suspension for two weeks; and treated group, where rats orally received 10 mg/kg bw RSV and simultaneously received 0.3% TAA for two weeks. Kidney homogenates from all groups were analyzed for cytokine release (IL-4, TNF-α, and IFN-γ) and oxidative stress (lipid peroxidation, catalase, and 8-OHdG). The serum of rats was analyzed for the quantification of renal function markers (blood urea nitrogen (BUN), creatinine, and creatine kinase). Result. A significant increase in the renal function markers (BUN, 240%; creatinine, 187%; and creatine kinase, 117%), oxidative stress parameters (lipid peroxidation, 192% increase; catalase, 30.5% decrease), cytokines (IL-4, 120%; TNF-α, 129%; and IFN-γ, 133%), and DNA damage was observed in the TAA-treated group. All changes were significantly reversed in the group treated with RSV and TAA (P<0.05) in combination, with no significant difference compared to the control group. Conclusion. We conclude that resveratrol shows protection against TAA toxicity in rat kidney with respect to DNA damage, oxidative stress, renal function and cytokine release.

scholarly journals Assessment of Air Way Resistance Indexes and Exercise-Induced Asthma after a Single Session of Submaximal Incremental Aerobic Exercise

2010 ◽  
Vol 25 (1) ◽  
pp. 59-65 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rouholah Fatemi ◽  
Mohsen Ghanbarzadeh
Keyword(s):  
Aerobic Exercise ◽  
Body Height ◽  
Exercise Group ◽  
Exercise Session ◽  
Test Results ◽  
Single Session ◽  
Test Protocol ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Post Test ◽  
Exercise Induced

Assessment of Air Way Resistance Indexes and Exercise-Induced Asthma after a Single Session of Submaximal Incremental Aerobic ExerciseThe present study aimed at assessing air way resistance indexes that include FEV1 (Force expiration Volume in one second), FVC (Forced vital capacity) and FEV1/FVC and exercise-induced asthma (EIA) after one session of sub maximal incremental aerobic exercise. Fifty healthy male subjects (age 19-26) from the faculty of Physical Education, University of Shahid Chamran served as the participants of the study. They were randomly assigned to either exercise or control groups. Body height, body mass and pulmonary factors were measured in the pre-test conditions. The study protocol included a sub maximal incremental Astrand - Rhyming test on an ergocycle. After performing this test by the exercise group, FEV1, FVC and FEV1/FVC, were measured again for both groups and compared with pre test evaluations. The data were analyzed through descriptive and inferential statistics (dependent and independent t test). Results showed that there was a significant difference in FEV1 between the two groups after the exercise protocol (p ≤ 0.05). There was no significant difference in FVC between the two groups after exercise, and a significant difference was registered in FEV1 and FEV1/FVC between pre-test and post-test results in the group that performed the aerobic test protocol (p ≤ 0.05). Our results indicate that one sub maximal incremental aerobic exercise session causes a significant change in FEV1 and FEV1/FVC, and causes exercise-induced asthma.

scholarly journals Elevated Oxidative Stress and DNA Damage in Cortical Neurons of Chemotherapy Patients

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Matthew Torre ◽  
Adwitia Dey ◽  
Jared K Woods ◽  
Mel B Feany
Keyword(s):  
Oxidative Stress ◽  
Dna Damage ◽  
Cancer Patients ◽  
Frontal Lobe ◽  
Cortical Neurons ◽  
Patient Morbidity ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Neurologic Sequelae ◽  
Markers Of Oxidative Stress ◽  
Chemotherapy Patients

Abstract The unintended neurologic sequelae of chemotherapy contribute to significant patient morbidity. Chemotherapy-related cognitive impairment (CRCI) is observed in up to 80% of cancer patients treated with chemotherapy and involves multiple cognitive domains including executive functioning. The pathophysiology underlying CRCI and the neurotoxicity of chemotherapy is incompletely understood, but oxidative stress and DNA damage are highly plausible mechanisms based on preclinical data. Unfortunately, validating pathways relevant to CRCI in humans is limited by an absence of relevant neuropathologic studies of patient brain tissue. In the present study, we stained sections of frontal lobe autopsy tissue from cancer patients treated with chemotherapy (n = 15), cancer patients not treated with chemotherapy (n = 10), and patients without history of cancer (n = 10) for markers of oxidative stress (nitrotyrosine, 4-hydroxynonenal) and DNA damage (pH2AX, pATM). Cancer patients treated with chemotherapy had increased staining for markers of oxidative stress and DNA damage in frontal lobe cortical neurons compared to controls. We detected no statistically significant difference in oxidative stress and DNA damage by the duration between last administration of chemotherapy and death. The study highlights the potential relevance of oxidative stress and DNA damage in the pathophysiology of CRCI and the neurotoxicity of chemotherapy.

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