Serum metabolomics identifies citrulline as a predictor of adverse outcomes in an equine model of gut-derived sepsis

2014 ◽  
Vol 46 (10) ◽  
pp. 339-347 ◽  
Author(s):  
Samantha M. Steelman ◽  
Philip Johnson ◽  
Amy Jackson ◽  
James Schulze ◽  
Bhanu P. Chowdhary
Keyword(s):  
Critically Ill ◽  
Acid Metabolism ◽  
Gastrointestinal Disease ◽  
Weight Bearing ◽  
Multiple Organ ◽  
Adverse Outcomes ◽  
Serum Samples ◽  
Plasma Citrulline ◽  
Normal Ranges ◽  
Serum Metabolomics

Acute laminitis is an inflammatory disease of the equine foot that often occurs secondarily to sepsis or systemic inflammation associated with gastrointestinal disease. It has been suggested that laminitis is similar to multiple organ dysfunction syndrome in humans, although in horses the weight-bearing laminar epithelium of the foot appears to be the tissue most sensitive to insult and the first “organ” to fail. Metabolomics performed on serum samples collected before (Con) and after (Lmn) experimental induction of gastrointestinal-associated sepsis in six horses detected 1,177 metabolites of both mammalian and bacterial origin in equine serum. Network and correlation analyses suggested a dysregulation of fatty acid metabolism in the Lmn group, as well as an accumulation of organic acids such as lactate. Furthermore, concentrations of the amino acid citrulline were decreased in Lmn samples from all study animals, suggesting that citrulline might be useful as a biomarker to identify critically ill animals that are at risk of developing laminitis. We therefore established normal ranges of plasma citrulline concentrations in a separate group of horses ( n = 36) and tested the ability of citrulline to predict adverse outcomes (laminitis or death) in critically ill horses ( n = 23). Plasma citrulline was significantly lower in critically ill horses that went on to experience adverse outcomes ( n = 6). Further study is required to accurately determine a diagnostic cutoff, but the present data are suggestive of the predictive value of citrulline as a biomarker for laminar failure in equine sepsis.

scholarly journals Management of patients with comorbidity during novel coronavirus (COVID-19) pandemic. National Consensus Statement 2020

2020 ◽  
Vol 19 (4) ◽  
pp. 2630 ◽  
Author(s):  
V. B. Grinevich ◽  
I. V. Gubonina ◽  
V. L. Doshchitsin ◽  
Yu. V. Kotovskaya ◽  
Yu. A. Kravchuk ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Gastrointestinal Disease ◽  
Multiple Organ ◽  
Adverse Outcomes ◽  
Chronic Obstructive ◽  
The Novel ◽  
Vulnerable Group ◽  
Obstructive Pulmonary Disease ◽  
Medical Facilities ◽  
Coronavirus Infection ◽  
Novel Coronavirus

The pandemic of the novel coronavirus infection (COVID-19), caused by SARS‑CoV‑2, has become a challenge to healthcare systems in all countries of the world. Patients with comorbidity are the most vulnerable group with the high risk of adverse outcomes. The problem of managing these patients in context of a pandemic requires a comprehensive approach aimed both at the optimal management in self-isolated patients not visiting medical facilities, and management of comorbidities in patients with COVID-19. The presented consensus covers these two aspects of managing patients with cardiovascular disease, diabetes, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, gastrointestinal disease, and also pay attention to the multiple organ complications of COVID-19.

scholarly journals Airway Microbiome and Serum Metabolomics Analysis Identify Differential Candidate Biomarkers in Allergic Rhinitis

2022 ◽  
Vol 12 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yuze Yuan ◽  
Chao Wang ◽  
Guoqiang Wang ◽  
Xiaoping Guo ◽  
Shengyu Jiang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Allergic Rhinitis ◽  
Linoleic Acid ◽  
Acid Metabolism ◽  
Prediction Models ◽  
Inferior Turbinate ◽  
Leukotriene B4 ◽  
Arachidonic Acid Metabolism ◽  
Prostaglandin D2 ◽  
Serum Samples ◽  
Serum Metabolomics

Allergic rhinitis (AR) is a common heterogeneous chronic disease with a high prevalence and a complex pathogenesis influenced by numerous factors, involving a combination of genetic and environmental factors. To gain insight into the pathogenesis of AR and to identity diagnostic biomarkers, we combined systems biology approach to analyze microbiome and serum composition. We collected inferior turbinate swabs and serum samples to study the microbiome and serum metabolome of 28 patients with allergic rhinitis and 15 healthy individuals. We sequenced the V3 and V4 regions of the 16S rDNA gene from the upper respiratory samples. Metabolomics was used to examine serum samples. Finally, we combined differential microbiota and differential metabolites to find potential biomarkers. We found no significant differences in diversity between the disease and control groups, but changes in the structure of the microbiota. Compared to the HC group, the AR group showed a significantly higher abundance of 1 phylum (Actinobacteria) and 7 genera (Klebsiella, Prevotella and Staphylococcus, etc.) and a significantly lower abundance of 1 genus (Pelomonas). Serum metabolomics revealed 26 different metabolites (Prostaglandin D2, 20-Hydroxy-leukotriene B4 and Linoleic acid, etc.) and 16 disrupted metabolic pathways (Linoleic acid metabolism, Arachidonic acid metabolism and Tryptophan metabolism, etc.). The combined respiratory microbiome and serum metabolomics datasets showed a degree of correlation reflecting the influence of the microbiome on metabolic activity. Our results show that microbiome and metabolomics analyses provide important candidate biomarkers, and in particular, differential genera in the microbiome have also been validated by random forest prediction models. Differential microbes and differential metabolites have the potential to be used as biomarkers for the diagnosis of allergic rhinitis.

scholarly journals A non-targeted LC–MS metabolic profiling of pregnancy: longitudinal evidence from healthy and pre-eclamptic pregnancies

Metabolomics ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 17 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Tiina Jääskeläinen ◽  
◽  
Olli Kärkkäinen ◽  
Jenna Jokkala ◽  
Anton Klåvus ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Large Scale ◽  
Scale Effects ◽  
Late Pregnancy ◽  
Metabolite Profile ◽  
Adverse Outcomes ◽  
Liquid Chromatography Mass Spectrometry ◽  
Targeted Metabolomics ◽  
Serum Samples ◽  
Healthy Women ◽  
Maternal Metabolism

Abstract Introduction Maternal metabolism changes substantially during pregnancy. However, few studies have used metabolomics technologies to characterize changes across gestation. Objectives and methods We applied liquid chromatography–mass spectrometry (LC–MS) based non-targeted metabolomics to determine whether the metabolic profile of serum differs throughout the pregnancy between pre-eclamptic and healthy women in the FINNPEC (Finnish Genetics of Preeclampsia Consortium) Study. Serum samples were available from early and late pregnancy. Results Progression of pregnancy had large-scale effects to the serum metabolite profile. Altogether 50 identified metabolites increased and 49 metabolites decreased when samples of early pregnancy were compared to samples of late pregnancy. The metabolic signatures of pregnancy were largely shared in pre-eclamptic and healthy women, only urea, monoacylglyceride 18:1 and glycerophosphocholine were identified to be increased in the pre-eclamptic women when compared to healthy controls. Conclusions Our study highlights the need of large-scale longitudinal metabolomic studies in non-complicated pregnancies before more detailed understanding of metabolism in adverse outcomes could be provided. Our findings are one of the first steps for a broader metabolic understanding of the physiological changes caused by pregnancy per se.

Developing an adolescent and adult Fontan Management Programme

2021 ◽  
pp. 1-6
Author(s):  
Adam M. Lubert ◽  
Tarek Alsaied ◽  
Andrew T. Trout ◽  
Jonathan R. Dillman ◽  
Joseph J. Palermo ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Single Ventricle ◽  
Fontan Procedure ◽  
Multiple Organ ◽  
Fontan Circulation ◽  
Management Programme ◽  
Adverse Outcomes ◽  
Cardiac Complications ◽  
Organ Systems ◽  
Adolescents And Adults ◽  
Care Models

Abstract Patients with single-ventricle CHD undergo a series of palliative surgeries that culminate in the Fontan procedure. While the Fontan procedure allows most patients to survive to adulthood, the Fontan circulation can eventually lead to multiple cardiac complications and multi-organ dysfunction. Care for adolescents and adults with a Fontan circulation has begun to transition from a primarily cardiac-focused model to care models, which are designed to monitor multiple organ systems, and using clues from this screening, identify patients who are at risk for adverse outcomes. The complexity of care required for these patients led our centre to develop a multidisciplinary Fontan Management Programme with the primary goals of earlier detection and treatment of complications through the development of a cohesive network of diverse medical subspecialists with Fontan expertise.

Epidemiology and outcomes of obese critically ill patients in Australia and New Zealand

2020 ◽  
Vol 22 (1) ◽  
pp. 35-44
Author(s):  
Paul Secombe ◽  
◽  
Richard Woodman ◽  
Sean Chan ◽  
David Pilcher ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
New Zealand ◽  
Hospital Mortality ◽  
Critically Ill ◽  
Critically Ill Patients ◽  
Adult Population ◽  
Diagnostic Category ◽  
Class Ii ◽  
Adverse Outcomes ◽  
Class I ◽  
Class I Obesity

OBJECTIVE: The apparent survival benefit of being overweight or obese in critically ill patients (the obesity paradox) remains controversial. Our aim is to report on the epidemiology and outcomes of obesity within a large heterogenous critically ill adult population. DESIGN: Retrospective observational cohort study. SETTING: Intensive care units (ICUs) in Australia and New Zealand. PARTICIPANTS: Critically ill patients who had both height and weight recorded between 2010 and 2018. OUTCOME MEASURES: Hospital mortality in each of five body mass index (BMI) strata. Subgroups analysed included diagnostic category, gender, age, ventilation status and length of stay. RESULTS: Data were available for 381 855 patients, 68% of whom were overweight or obese. Increasing level of obesity was associated with lower unadjusted hospital mortality: underweight (11.9%), normal weight (7.7%), overweight (6.4%), class I obesity (5.4%), and class II obesity (5.3%). After adjustment, mortality was lowest for patients with class I obesity (adjusted odds ratio, 0.78; 95% CI, 0.74– 0.82). Adverse outcomes with class II obesity were only seen in patients with cardiovascular and cardiac surgery ICU admission diagnoses, where mortality risk rose with progressively higher BMIs. CONCLUSION: We describe the epidemiology of obesity within a critically ill Australian and New Zealand population and confirm that some level of obesity is associated with lower mortality, both overall and across a range of diagnostic categories and important subgroups. Further research should focus on potential confounders such as nutritional status and the appropriateness of BMI in isolation as an anthropometric measure in critically ill patients.

Urinary biomarkers predict progression and adverse outcomes ofacute kidney injury in critical illness

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Stephen Duff ◽  
Ruairi Irwin ◽  
Jean Maxime Cote ◽  
Lynn Redahan ◽  
Blaithin A McMahon ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Critically Ill ◽  
Cystatin C ◽  
Critically Ill Patients ◽  
Kidney Injury ◽  
Adverse Outcomes ◽  
Urinary Biomarkers ◽  
High Morbidity ◽  
Diagnostic Analysis ◽  
Prognostic Analysis ◽  
Stage 1

Abstract Background Acute Kidney Injury (AKI) is common in hospitalized patients and is associated with high morbidity and mortality. The Dublin Acute Biomarker Group Evaluation (DAMAGE) Study is a prospective cohort study of critically ill patients (n = 717). We hypothesised that novel urinary biomarkers would predict progression of AKI and associated outcomes. Methods The primary (diagnostic) analysis assessed the ability of biomarkers levels at the time of early Stage 1 or2 AKI to predict progression to higher AKI Stage, RRT or Death within 7 days of ICU admission. In the secondary (prognostic) analysis, we investigated the association between biomarker levels and RRT or Death within 30 days. Results In total, 186 patients had an AKI within 7 days of admission. In the primary (diagnostic) analysis, eight of the 14 biomarkers were independently associated with progression. The best predictors were Cystatin C (aOR 5.2; 95% CI, 1.3-23.6), IL-18 (aOR 5.1; 95% CI, 1.8-15.7), Albumin (aOR 4.9; 95% CI, 1.5-18.3) and NGAL (aOR 4.6; 95% CI, 1.4-17.9). ROC and Net Reclassification Index analyses similarly demonstrated improved prediction by these biomarkers. In the secondary (prognostic) analysis of Stage 1-3 AKI cases, IL-18, NGAL, Albumin, and MCP-1 were also independently associated with RRT or Death within 30 days. Conclusions Among 14 novel urinary biomarkers assessed, Cystatin C, IL-18, Albumin and NGAL were the best predictors of Stage 1-2 AKI progression. These biomarkers, after further validation, may have utility to inform diagnostic and prognostic assessment and guide management of AKI in critically ill patients.

scholarly journals Muscle and Serum Metabolomics for Different Chicken Breeds under Commercial Conditions by GC–MS

Foods ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (9) ◽  
pp. 2174
Author(s):  
Chengkeng Tan ◽  
Jinap Selamat ◽  
Nuzul Noorahya Jambari ◽  
Rashidah Sukor ◽  
Suganya Murugesu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Principal Component ◽  
Pectoralis Major ◽  
Untargeted Metabolomics ◽  
Gas Chromatography Mass Spectrometry ◽  
Serum Samples ◽  
Food Fraud ◽  
Village Chicken ◽  
Premium Price ◽  
Chicken Breeds ◽  
Serum Metabolomics

Globally, village chicken is popular and is known as a premium meat with a higher price. Food fraud can occur by selling other chicken breeds at a premium price in local markets. This study aimed to distinguish local village chicken from other chicken breeds available in the market, namely, colored broiler (Hubbard), broiler (Cobb), and spent laying hen (Dekalb) in pectoralis major and serum under commercial conditions using an untargeted metabolomics approach. Both pectoralis major and serum were analyzed using gas chromatography–mass spectrometry (GC–MS). The principal component analysis (PCA) results distinguished four different chicken breeds into three main groups for pectoralis major and serum. A total of 30 and 40 characteristic metabolites were identified for pectoralis major and serum, respectively. The four chicken breeds were characterized by the abundance of metabolites such as amino acids (L−glutamic acid, L−threonine, L−serine, L−leucine), organic acids (L−lactic acid, succinic acid, 3−hydroxybutyric acid), sugars (D−allose, D−glucose), sugar alcohols (myo−inositol), and fatty acids (linoleic acid). Our results suggest that an untargeted metabolomics approach using GC–MS and PCA could discriminate chicken breeds for pectoralis major and serum under commercial conditions. In this study, village chicken could only be distinguished from colored broiler (Hubbard) by serum samples.

scholarly journals Analysis of Serum Metabolomics in Rats with Osteoarthritis by Mass Spectrometry

Molecules ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 26 (23) ◽  
pp. 7181
Author(s):  
Jingtong Zhao ◽  
Meng Liu ◽  
Tongfei Shi ◽  
Mohan Gao ◽  
Yuqian Lv ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mass Spectrometry ◽  
Metabolic Pathways ◽  
Acid Metabolism ◽  
Principal Component ◽  
Male Rats ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Liquid Chromatography Mass Spectrometry ◽  
Disease Mechanisms ◽  
Periarticular Tissue ◽  
Serum Metabolomics

Osteoarthritis is a common multifactorial chronic disease that occurs in articular cartilage, subchondral bone, and periarticular tissue. The pathogenesis of OA is still unclear. To investigate the differences in serum metabolites between OA and the control group, liquid chromatography/mass spectrometry (LC/MS)-based metabolomics was used. To reveal the pathogenesis of OA, 12 SD male rats were randomly divided into control and OA groups using collagenase to induce OA for modeling, and serum was collected 7 days after modeling for testing. The OA group was distinguished from the control group by principal component analysis and orthogonal partial least squares-discriminant analysis, and six biomarkers were finally identified. These biomarkers were metabolized through tryptophan metabolism, glutamate metabolism, nitrogen metabolism, spermidine metabolism, and fatty acid metabolism pathways. The study identified metabolites that may be altered in OA, suggesting a role in OA through relevant metabolic pathways. Metabolomics, as an important tool for studying disease mechanisms, provides useful information for studying the metabolic mechanisms of OA.

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