scholarly journals Antibacterial Activities of Selected Cameroonian Plants and Their Synergistic Effects with Antibiotics against Bacteria Expressing MDR Phenotypes

2012 ◽  
Vol 2012 ◽  
pp. 1-11 ◽  
Author(s):  
Stephen T. Lacmata ◽  
Victor Kuete ◽  
Jean P. Dzoyem ◽  
Simplice B. Tankeo ◽  
Gerald Ngo Teke ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Medicinal Plants ◽  
Bacterial Infections ◽  
Synergistic Effects ◽  
Antibacterial Properties ◽  
Efflux Pumps ◽  
Antibacterial Activities ◽  
Garcinia Kola ◽  
Active Efflux ◽  
Minimal Inhibitory Concentrations ◽  
Methanol Extracts

The present work was designed to assess the antibacterial properties of the methanol extracts of some Cameroonian medicinal plants and the effect of their associations with currently used antibiotics on multidrug resistant (MDR) Gram-negative bacteria overexpressing active efflux pumps. The antibacterial activities of twelve methanol extracts of medicinal plants were evaluated using broth microdilution. The results of this test showed that three extractsGarcinia lucidawith the minimal inhibitory concentrations (MIC) varying from 128 to 512 μg/mL,Garcinia kola(MIC of 256 to 1024 μg/mL), andPicralima nitida(MIC of 128 to 1024 μg/mL) were active on all the twenty-nine studied bacteria including MDR phenotypes. The association of phenylalanine arginineβ-naphthylamide (PAβN or efflux pumps inhibitor) to different extracts did not modify their activities. At the concentration of MIC/2 and MIC/5, the extracts ofP. nitidaandG. kolaimproved the antibacterial activities of some commonly used antibiotics suggesting their synergistic effects with the tested antibiotics. The results of this study suggest that the tested plant extracts and mostly those fromP. nitida,G. lucidaandG. kolacould be used alone or in association with common antibiotics in the fight of bacterial infections involving MDR strains.

Medicinal Plants: Antibacterial Effects and Chemical Composition of Essential Oil of Foeniculum vulgare

2017 ◽  
Vol 8 (01) ◽  
Author(s):  
Azadeh Foroughi ◽  
Pouya Pournaghi ◽  
Fariba Najafi ◽  
Akram Zangeneh ◽  
Mohammad Mahdi Zangeneh ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Chemical Composition ◽  
Medicinal Plants ◽  
Essential Oil ◽  
Antibacterial Properties ◽  
Screen Test ◽  
Antibacterial Activities ◽  
Gas Chromatography Mass Spectrometry ◽  
Resistant Bacteria ◽  
Antibacterial Effects ◽  
Foeniculum Vulgare

Medicinal plants are considered modern resources for producing agents that could act as alternatives to antibiotics in demeanor of antibiotic-resistant bacteria. The aim of the study was to evaluate the chemical composition and antibacterial activities of essential oil of Foeniculum vulgare (FV) against Pseudomonas aeruginosa and Bacillus subtilis. Gas chromatography mass spectrometry was done to specify chemical composion. As a screen test to detect antibacterial properties of the essential oil, agar disk and agar well diffusion methods were employed. Macrobroth tube test was performed to determinate MIC. The results indicated that the most substance found in FV essential oil was Trans-anethole (47.41 %), also the essential oil of FV with 0.007 g/ml concentration has prevented P. aeruginosa and with 0.002 g/ml concentration has prevented B. subtilis from the growth. Thus, the research represents the antibacterial effects of the medical herb on test P. aeruginosa and B. subtilis. We believe that the article provide support to the antibacterial properties of the essential oil. The results indicate the fact that the essential oil from the plant can be useful as medicinal or preservatives composition.

scholarly journals Synthesis, Structure Elucidation, Antibacterial Activities, and Synergistic Effects of Novel Juglone and Naphthazarin Derivatives Against Clinical Methicillin-Resistant Staphylococcus aureus Strains

2021 ◽  
Vol 9 ◽  
Author(s):  
Valentin Duvauchelle ◽  
Chaimae Majdi ◽  
David Bénimélis ◽  
Catherine Dunyach-Remy ◽  
Patrick Meffre ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Synergistic Effects ◽  
Antibacterial Properties ◽  
Clinical Importance ◽  
Antibacterial Activities ◽  
Multidrug Resistant ◽  
Resistant Bacteria ◽  
Global Public Health ◽  
Gram Positive ◽  
Drug Resistant Bacteria ◽  
Mrsa Strains

Infections caused by drug-resistant bacteria are a serious threat to human and global public health. Moreover, in recent years, very few antibiotics have been discovered and developed by pharmaceutical companies. Therefore, there is an urgent need to discover and develop new antibacterial agents to combat multidrug-resistant bacteria. In this study, two novel series of juglone/naphthazarin derivatives (43 compounds) were synthesized and evaluated for their antibacterial properties against various clinical and reference Gram-positive MSSA, clinical Gram-positive MRSA, and clinical and reference Gram-negative bacteria E. coli and P. aeruginosa. These strains are of clinical importance because they belong to ESKAPE pathogens. Compounds 3al, 5ag, and 3bg showed promising activity against clinical and reference MSSA (MIC: 1–8 µg/ml) and good efficacy against clinical MRSA (MIC: 2–8 µg/ml) strains. 5am and 3bm demonstrated better activity on both MSSA (MIC: 0.5 µg/ml) and MRSA (MIC: 2 µg/ml) strains. Their MICs were similar to those of cloxacillin against clinical MRSA strains. The synergistic effects of active compounds 3al, 5ag, 5am, 3bg, and 3bm were evaluated with reference antibiotics, and it was found that the antibiotic combination with 3bm efficiently enhanced the antimicrobial activity. Compound 3bm was found to restore the sensitivity of clinical MRSA to cloxacillin and enhanced the antibacterial activity of vancomycin when they were added together. In the presence of 3bm, the MIC values of vancomycin and cloxacillin were lowered up to 1/16th of the original MIC with an FIC index of 0.313. Moreover, compounds 3al, 5ag, 5am, 3bg, and 3bm did not present hemolytic activity on sheep red blood cells. In silico prediction of ADME profile parameter results for 3bm is promising and encouraging for further development.

scholarly journals Efflux Pumps of Burkholderia thailandensis Control the Permeability Barrier of the Outer Membrane

2019 ◽  
Vol 63 (10) ◽  
Author(s):  
Ganesh Krishnamoorthy ◽  
Jon W. Weeks ◽  
Zhen Zhang ◽  
Courtney E. Chandler ◽  
Haotian Xue ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Outer Membrane ◽  
Lipid A ◽  
Efflux Pumps ◽  
Underlying Mechanism ◽  
Antibacterial Activities ◽  
Permeability Barrier ◽  
Contributing Factors ◽  
Burkholderia Thailandensis ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Active Efflux

ABSTRACT Burkholderia comprises species that are significant biothreat agents and common contaminants of pharmaceutical production facilities. Their extreme antibiotic resistance affects all classes of antibiotics, including polycationic polymyxins and aminoglycosides. The major underlying mechanism is the presence of two permeability barriers, the outer membrane with modified lipid A moieties and active drug efflux pumps. The two barriers are thought to be mechanistically independent and act synergistically to reduce the intracellular concentrations of antibiotics. In this study, we analyzed the interplay between active efflux pumps and the permeability barrier of the outer membrane in Burkholderia thailandensis. We found that three efflux pumps, AmrAB-OprA, BpeEF-OprC, and BpeAB-OprB, of B. thailandensis are expressed under standard laboratory conditions and provide protection against multiple antibiotics, including polycationic polymyxins. Our results further suggest that the inactivation of AmrAB-OprA or BpeAB-OprB potentiates the antibacterial activities of antibiotics not only by reducing their efflux, but also by increasing their uptake into cells. Mass spectrometry analyses showed that in efflux-deficient B. thailandensis cells, lipid A species modified with 4-amino-4-deoxy-l-aminoarabinose are significantly less abundant than in the parent strain. Taken together, our results suggest that changes in the outer membrane permeability due to alterations in lipid A structure could be contributing factors in antibiotic hypersusceptibilities of B. thailandensis cells lacking AmrAB-OprA and BpeAB-OprB efflux pumps.

scholarly journals Bactericidal Potential of Local Medicinal Plants of Kashmir Valley in Fishes: A Review

2021 ◽  
pp. 21-27
Author(s):  
Inain Jaies ◽  
Feroz Ahmad Shah ◽  
Shabir Ahmad Dar ◽  
Syed Shariq Nazir Qadiri ◽  
Asifa Wali ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Medicinal Plants ◽  
Bacterial Infections ◽  
Antibacterial Activities ◽  
Significant Loss ◽  
Human Consumption ◽  
Kashmir Valley ◽  
Antibacterial Drugs ◽  
Bacterial Diseases ◽  
Natural Herb

Bacterial diseases in fishes create one of the alarming situations that render significant loss to the fishing industries and aquacultural farm units worldwide. Various drugs have been formulated, standardized, and used in the industry to combat bacterial infections. However, non-judicious drugs can lead to pharmacological problems and induction of toxicity in fishes, leaving them less suitable for human consumption. These drugs can be supplemented with the natural herb plants having antibacterial activities, although they cannot be used solely to curb the menace. Therefore, the review put forth an idea, which plant herbs can be used as antibacterial drugs in fishes.

scholarly journals Antibacterial properties of an Indian traditional medicinal plant, Rhynchosia scarabaeoides (L.) DC. (Fabaceae)

2011 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
pp. 17 ◽  
Author(s):  
Surekha Challa ◽  
Kiran K. Rajam ◽  
Vishnu V. V. Satyanarayana Kasapu ◽  
Suresh Kumar Tanneeru ◽  
Venkata Siva Satyanarayana Kantamreddi
Keyword(s):  
Ethyl Acetate ◽  
Bacterial Infections ◽  
Antibacterial Properties ◽  
Inhibition Zone ◽  
Antibacterial Activities ◽  
Traditional Healers ◽  
Diffusion Method ◽  
Bacterial Strains ◽  
Plant Parts ◽  
Ethanol Extracts

<em>Rhynchosia scarabaeoides </em>(L.) DC plant parts are extensively used by traditional healers in India to treat a variety of bacterial diseases, such as dysentery, diarrohea and skin disorders. This article reports the antibacterial activities of n-hexane, ethyl acetate and ethanol extracts belonging to the leaf, stem and root parts of <em>R. scarabaeoides</em> against five bacterial strains, <em>Bacillus subtilis</em>, <em>Escherichia coli</em>, <em>Klebseilla pneumonia</em>, <em>Proteus vulgaris</em> and <em>Staphylococcus aureus</em>, using an agar gel diffusion method. The range of inhibition zone (IZ) was found to be 15-24 mm and the minimum inhibitory activity (MIC) was found to be 1 mL/well. The IZ was found to be higher in ethyl acetate extracts while this was moderate in ethanol extracts, and no activity was seen with n-hexane extracts or root extracts. The MIC value of leaf ethyl acetate extract was found to be 1 mg against bacterial strains <em>P. vulgaris</em> and <em>S. aureus</em>, whereas 2 mg was found against <em>B. subtilis</em>, <em>K. pneumoniae</em> and <em>E. coli</em>. These results support the traditional usage of R. scarabaeoides plant parts in the treatment of bacterial infections. Interestingly, this plant was screened for antibacterial activity for the first time and was found to be active. Detailed chemical investigations are, therefore, warranted.

scholarly journals Anti-bacterial properties and GC-MS analysis of extracts and essential oils of selected plant product

2018 ◽  
Vol 16 (1) ◽  
pp. 44-58
Author(s):  
OMBUNA DINAH NYAITONDI ◽  
RUTH NDUTA WANJAU ◽  
HUDSON NYAMBAKA ◽  
AHMED HASSANALI
Keyword(s):  
Antibacterial Activity ◽  
Essential Oils ◽  
Bacterial Infections ◽  
Antimicrobial Agents ◽  
Antibacterial Properties ◽  
Salmonella Typhi ◽  
Retention Indices ◽  
Methanol Extracts ◽  
Plant Product ◽  
Ms Analysis

Nyaitondi OD, Wanjau R, Nyambaka H, Hassanali A. 2018. Anti-bacterial properties and GC-MS analysis of extracts and essential oils of selected plant product. Biofarmasi J Nat Prod Biochem 16: 44-58. Plants are traditionally used for the treatment of bacterial infections though they are not clinically regulated due to lack of awareness and sufficient data to support the reported therapeutic claims. Some plants used as food and vegetables are hardly considered in such studies. This study aimed to investigate the antibacterial properties associated with garlic, ginger, turmeric, lemon, and onion in the form of juices, methanol extracts, and essential oils. These materials were tested against Staphylococcus aureus, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Escherichia coli, and Salmonella typhi. Identification of suspected antibacterial compounds was made by comparison of retention indices and the mass spectra with those in National Institute of Standards and Technology (NIST) libraries using GC-MS analyses. Garlic juice was bactericidal against all tested strains. Lemon/garlic juice exhibited significantly higher activity against E. coli and S. typhi. Turmeric/lemon/garlic methanol extracts blend was most active against S. aureus. Preliminary screening of the essential oils indicated significant antibacterial activity of lemon/garlic essential oil blend against P. aeruginosa. GC-MS analysis of the active samples confirmed the presence of compounds containing-OOH,-OH,-N,-Cl,-F,-NH2 and-S groups which are associated with bacterial inhibition in conventional antibiotics. The 10 major constituents obtained from samples suspected to contain antibacterial activity, include limonene; 3-vinyl-1,2-dithiacyclohex-4- ene; α-zingiberene; diallyl disulphide; 2-butanone,4-(-hydroxy-3-methoxyphenyl); 3-chlorothiophene; methanehydrazonic acid,N-[3- (methylthio)-1,-2,4-thiadiazol-5-yl]-,ethyl ester; n-hexadecanoic acid; γ-sitosterol and propanamide,2-amino-3-phenyl. Juices of garlic, lemon and lemon/garlic blend were found to be active against one or more of the bacteria tested unlike methanol extracts and essential oils, and they should be used in raw form as heating and drying is likely to render them inactive. Further studies on methanol extract and fresh juice of lemon/garlic blend need to be undertaken to elucidate the active principles in these extracts and may lead to the discovery of novel antimicrobial agents and models for the new generation of synthetic antibiotics.

The antibacterial activity of isatin hybrids

2021 ◽  
Vol 21 ◽  
Author(s):  
Bi Liu ◽  
Dan Jiang ◽  
Guowen Hu
Keyword(s):  
Bacterial Infections ◽  
Rational Design ◽  
Synergistic Effects ◽  
Antibacterial Properties ◽  
Resistance Mechanisms ◽  
Patient Morbidity ◽  
Hybrid Molecules ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Spectrum Activity ◽  
Broad Spectrum Activity

: Bacterial infections which cause a wide range of host immune disorders leading to local and systemic tissue damage, are still one of the main causes of patient morbidity and mortality worldwide. Treatment of bacterial infections is challenging, which is mainly attributed to the rapidly evolving resistance mechanisms, creating an urgent demand to develop novel antibacterial agents. Hybridization is one of the most promising strategies in the development of novel antibacterial drugs with the potential to address drug resistance since different pharmacophores in the hybrid molecules could modulate multiple targets and exert synergistic effects. Isatin, distributed widely in nature, can exert antibacterial properties through acting on diverse enzymes, proteins, and receptors. Accordingly, hybridization of isatin pharmacophores with other antibacterial pharmacophores in one molecule may provide novel antibacterial candidates with broad-spectrum activity against various pathogens, including drug-resistant forms. This review aims to outline the recent advances of natural and synthetic isatin hybrids with antibacterial potential and summarize the structure-activity relationship (SAR) to provide an insight for the rational design of more active candidates, covering articles published between January 2012 and June 2021.

scholarly journals Assessment of Total Phenolic, Antioxidant, and Antibacterial Activities ofPassifloraSpecies

2014 ◽  
Vol 2014 ◽  
pp. 1-10 ◽  
Author(s):  
Shiamala Devi Ramaiya ◽  
Japar Sidik Bujang ◽  
Muta Harah Zakaria
Keyword(s):  
Antioxidant Activity ◽  
Pathogenic Bacteria ◽  
Methanol Extract ◽  
Antibacterial Properties ◽  
Antibacterial Activities ◽  
Phenolic Antioxidant ◽  
Diffusion Method ◽  
Total Phenolic ◽  
Leaf Extracts ◽  
Methanol Extracts

This study focused on total phenolic content (TPC) and antioxidant and antibacterial activities of the leaves and stems ofPassiflora quadrangularis,P. maliformis, andP. edulisextracted using three solvents: petroleum ether, acetone, and methanol. The maximum extraction yields of antioxidant components from the leaves and stems were isolated using methanol extracts ofP. edulis(24.28%) andP. quadrangularis(9.76%), respectively. Among the leaf extracts, the methanol extract ofP. maliformishad the significantly highest TPC and the strongest antioxidant activity, whereas among the stem extracts, the methanol extract ofP. quadrangularisshowed the highest phenolic amount and possessed the strongest antioxidant activity. The antibacterial properties of thePassifloraspecies were tested using the disc diffusion method against 10 human pathogenic bacteria. The largest inhibition zone was observed for the methanol extract ofP. maliformisagainstB. subtilis. Generally, extracts from thePassifloraspecies exhibit distinct inhibition against Gram-positive but not Gram-negative bacteria. Based on the generated biplot, three clusters of bacteria were designated according to their performance towards the tested extracts. The present study revealed that methanol extracts of thePassifloracontain constituents with significant phenolic, antioxidant, and antibacterial properties for pharmaceutical and nutraceutical uses.

scholarly journals In vitro antimicrobial activity of ethanolic extracts obtained from Ficus spp. leaves against the fish pathogen Aeromonas hydrophila

2016 ◽  
Vol 24 (4) ◽  
pp. 219-230 ◽  
Author(s):  
Halyna Tkachenko ◽  
Lyudmyla Buyun ◽  
Elżbieta Terech-Majewska ◽  
Zbigniew Osadowski
Keyword(s):  
Antimicrobial Activity ◽  
Aeromonas Hydrophila ◽  
Bacterial Infections ◽  
Antibacterial Properties ◽  
Antibacterial Activities ◽  
Diffusion Method ◽  
Moderate Activity ◽  
In Vitro Antimicrobial Activity ◽  
Ethanolic Extracts

Abstract The main goal of this study was to determine in vitro antimicrobial activity of ethanolic extracts obtained from the leaves of various Ficus species against Aeromonas hydrophila isolated locally from infected rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss Walbaum) with the aim of providing scientific rationale for the use of the plant in the treatment of bacterial infections induced by Aeromonas spp. in fish. Antimicrobial susceptibility testing was done on Muller-Hinton agar with the disc diffusion method. In the present study, most ethanolic extracts proved effective against the A. hydrophila tested, with 10-12 mm inhibition zones observed. A. hydrophila demonstrated the highest susceptibility to F. pumila. Among various species of Ficus with moderate activity against A. hydrophila, the highest antibacterial activities were noted for F. benghalensis, F. benjamina, F. deltoidea, F. hispida, and F. lyrata. Thus, Ficus can be used as a natural antiseptic and antimicrobial agent in veterinary practice. Further investigations need to be conducted to isolate and identify the bioactive compounds that can then be subjected to detailed pharmacological studies and the development of clinical applications. The alarming rate of increasing resistance in bacterial pathogens in aquaculture environments means that medicinal plants with antibacterial properties are very important as natural resources of new active compounds.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document