scholarly journals Determinants of Childhood Obesity in Representative Sample of Children in North East of Iran

Cholesterol ◽  
2012 ◽  
Vol 2012 ◽  
pp. 1-5 ◽  
Author(s):  
Fereshteh Baygi ◽  
Ahmad Reza Dorosty ◽  
Roya Kelishadi ◽  
Mostafa Qorbani ◽  
Hamid Asayesh ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
Logistic Regression ◽  
Childhood Obesity ◽  
Urban Areas ◽  
Representative Sample ◽  
Weight Status ◽  
Public Health Problem ◽  
Case Group ◽  
Global Public Health ◽  
North East

Childhood obesity has become, a global public health problem, and epidemiological studies are important to identify its determinants in different populations. This study aimed to investigate factors associated with obesity in a representative sample of children in Neishabour, Iran. This study was conducted among 1500 randomly selected 6–12-year-old students from urban areas of Neishabour, northeast of Iran. Then, through a case-control study, 114 obese (BMI≥95th percentile of Iranian reference) children were selected as the case group and were compared with 102 controls (15th≤BMI<85th percentile). Factors suggested to be associated with weight status were investigated, for example, parental obesity, child physical activity levels, socio-economic status (SES), and so forth. The analysis was conducted using univariate and multivariate logistic regression (MLR) in SPSS version 16. In univariate logistic regression model, birth weight, birth order, family extension, TV watching, sleep duration, physical activity, parents’ job, parents’ education, parental obesity history, and SES were significantly associated with children’s obesity. After MLR analysis, physical activity and parental obesity history remained statistically significant in the model. Our findings showed that physical activity and parental obesity history are the most important determinants for childhood obesity in our population. This finding should be considered in implementation of preventive interventions.

scholarly journals Utilisasi Kelambu Berinsektisida Pada Daerah Endemis Tinggi Malaria di Indonesia: Analisis Data Riset Kesehatan Dasar (Riskesdas) 2018

2021 ◽  
Vol 49 (1) ◽  
pp. 9-20
Author(s):  
Asep Hermawan
Keyword(s):  
Logistic Regression ◽  
Rural Areas ◽  
Urban Areas ◽  
Household Head ◽  
Public Health Problem ◽  
Bed Nets ◽  
Global Public Health ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Endemic Areas ◽  
Insecticide Treated Bed Nets

Malaria is still a global public health problem, especially in the tropical countries including Indonesia. The use of insecticide-treated bed nets (ITN’s) is an effective way to reduce the prevalence of malaria. However, the proportion of households that use ITN’s in low to high malaria edemic areas in Indonesia is still low (15.8%). The purpose of the analysis is to asses the determinants affecting the use of ITN’s in high endemic areas in Indonesia in 2018. The analysis uses the Basic Health Research (Riskesdas) 2018 data whose design is a cross-sectional study. The population is residents in 28 high malaria endemic districts/ cities with the number of samples interviewed were 33,001 people. The dependent variable was the habit of using ITN’s, while the independent variable is sociodemographic factors (relationship with household head, age group, education , occupations, and residential/ urban or rural areas) and the other ways to prevent mosquito bites. Data were analyzed using logistic regression test. The logistic regression analysis showed that the population with the characteristics of living in urban areas (aOR 2.55, 95% CI 2.38-2.74), parents (aOR 1.29, 95% CI 1.02-1.64), farmers (aOR 1.69, 95% CI 1.49-1.92) and completed Junior High (aOR 1.61, 95% CI 1.35-1.91), have the opportunity to use insecticide-treated bed nets, while the method of preventing mosquito bites others, most of them are protective of this habit. A new canal initiative is needed to increase people's knowledge about the importance of using insecticide-treated bed nets. Keyword: insecticide-treated bed nets, high malaria endemic areas Abstrak Malaria masih menjadi masalah kesehatan masyarakat global, terutama di daerah tropis termasuk Indonesia. Penggunaan kelambu berinsektisida merupakan cara efektif untuk mengurangi prevalensi malaria. Namun, proporsi rumah tangga yang menggunakan kelambu berinsektisida di daerah edemis rendah sampai tinggi di Indonesia masih rendah (15,8%). Tujuan analisis ini adalah untuk mengetahui determinan yang berpengaruh terhadap penggunaan kelambu berinsektisida di daerah endemis tinggi malaria di Indonesia pada 2018. Analisis ini menggunakan data Riset Kesehatan Dasar (Riskesdas) 2018 yang desainnya adalah studi potong lintang. Populasi pada studi ini adalah penduduk di 28 kabupaten/ kota dengan katagori endemis malaria tinggi dengan jumlah sampel yang diwawancara sebanyak 33.001 orang. Variabel dependen adalah kebiasaan penggunaan kelambu berinsektisida, sedangkan variabel independen adalah faktor sosiodemografi (hubungan dengan KRT, kelompok usia, tingkat pendidikan, jenis pekerjaan, dan wilayah tempat tinggal/ perkotaan atau pedesaan) dan cara pencegahan gigitan nyamuk. Data dianalisis menggunakan uji logistic regression. Hasil analisis logistic regression menunjukkan bahwa penduduk dengam dengan karakteristik tinggal di perkotaan (aOR 2,55, 95%CI2,38-2,74), orang tua (aOR1,29, 95%CI 1,02-1,64), petani (aOR1,69, 95%CI 1,49-1,92) dan tamat SLTP/MTS (aOR 1,61, 95%CI 1,35-1,91), berpeluang menggunakan kelambua berinsektisida, sedangkan cara pencegahan gigitan nyamuk lainnya, sebagian besar bersifat protektif terhadap kebiasaan ini. Perlu inisiatif kanal baru untuk meningkatkan pengetahuan penduduk tentang pentingnya utilisasi kelambu berinsektisida. Kata kunci: kelambu berinsektisida, daerah endemis malaria tinggi

scholarly journals Does Physical Activity Predict Obesity—A Machine Learning and Statistical Method-Based Analysis

2021 ◽  
Vol 18 (8) ◽  
pp. 3966
Author(s):  
Xiaolu Cheng ◽  
Shuo-yu Lin ◽  
Jin Liu ◽  
Shiyong Liu ◽  
Jun Zhang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
Machine Learning ◽  
Logistic Regression ◽  
Weight Status ◽  
Normal Weight ◽  
Moderate Intensity ◽  
Random Subspace ◽  
Global Public Health ◽  
Obesity Prevalence ◽  
Fuzzy Classifier

Background: Obesity prevalence has become one of the most prominent issues in global public health. Physical activity has been recognized as a key player in the obesity epidemic. Objectives: The objectives of this study are to (1) examine the relationship between physical activity and weight status and (2) assess the performance and predictive power of a set of popular machine learning and traditional statistical methods. Methods: National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES, 2003 to 2006) data were used. A total of 7162 participants met our inclusion criteria (3682 males and 3480 females), with average age ranging from 48.6 (normal weight) to 52.1 years old (overweight). Eleven classifying algorithms—including logistic regression, naïve Bayes, Radial Basis Function (RBF), local k-nearest neighbors (k-NN), classification via regression (CVR), random subspace, decision table, multiobjective evolutionary fuzzy classifier, random tree, J48, and multilayer perceptron—were implemented and evaluated, and they were compared with traditional logistic regression model estimates. Results: With physical activity and basic demographic status, of all methods analyzed, the random subspace classifier algorithm achieved the highest overall accuracy and area under the receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve (AUC). The duration of vigorous-intensity activity in one week and the duration of moderate-intensity activity in one week were important attributes. In general, most algorithms showed similar performance. Logistic regression was middle-ranking in terms of overall accuracy, sensitivity, specificity, and AUC among all methods. Conclusions: Physical activity was an important factor in predicting weight status, with gender, age, and race/ethnicity being less but still essential factors associated with weight outcomes. Tailored intervention policies and programs should target the differences rooted in these demographic factors to curb the increase in the prevalence of obesity and reduce disparities among sub-demographic populations.

scholarly journals The Relationships between Total Protein Intake, Protein Sources, Physical Activity, and Lean Mass in a Representative Sample of the US Adults

Nutrients ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (10) ◽  
pp. 3151
Author(s):  
Furong Xu ◽  
Jacob E. Earp ◽  
Maya Vadiveloo ◽  
Alessandra Adami ◽  
Matthew J. Delmonico ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
Lean Mass ◽  
Total Protein ◽  
Representative Sample ◽  
Protein Intake ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Weight Status ◽  
Protein Sources ◽  
Total Protein Intake ◽  
Study Results

Background: Although dietary protein and physical activity play essential roles in developing and preserving lean mass, studies exploring these relationships are inconsistent, and large-scale studies on sources of protein and lean mass are lacking. Accordingly, the present study examined the relationship between total protein intake, protein sources, physical activity, and lean mass in a representative sample of US adults. Methods: This cross-sectional study analyzed data from 2011–2016 US National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey and corresponding Food Patterns Equivalents Database (n = 7547). Multiple linear regression models were performed to examine the sex-specific associations between total protein intake, protein sources (Dairy, Total Protein Foods, Seafood, and Plant Proteins), physical activity, and lean mass adjusting for demographics, weight status, and total daily energy intake. Results: Total protein intake was inversely related to lean mass in females only (Lean mass index: β= −0.84, 95%CI: −1.06–−0.62; Appendicular lean mass index: β= −0.35, 95%CI: −0.48–−0.22). However, protein sources and physical activity was positively associated with lean mass in males and/or females (p < 0.05). Conclusion. Study results suggest that consuming more protein daily had a detrimental influence on lean mass in females whereas eating high-quality sources of proteins and being physically active are important for lean mass for men and women. However, the importance of specific protein sources appears to differ by sex and warrants further investigation.

scholarly journals Obesidade em adolescentes do Sul do Brasil: associação com fatores sociodemográficos, estilo de vida e estágio maturacional

2016 ◽  
Vol 18 (5) ◽  
pp. 557 ◽  
Author(s):  
Carlos Alencar Souza Alves Junior ◽  
Eliane Cristina de Andrade Gonçalves ◽  
Diego Augusto Santos Silva
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
High School Students ◽  
Body Fat ◽  
Sexual Maturation ◽  
Parental Education ◽  
Dietary Habits ◽  
Public Health Problem ◽  
Global Public Health ◽  
School Students ◽  
Pubertal Stage

DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.5007/1980-0037.2016v18n5p557 Excess body fat is associated with chronic degenerative diseases, being a global public health problem. The aim of this study was to investigate the association of obesity with sociodemographic factors, lifestyle (physical activity, dietary habits) and sexual maturation in high school students of a city in southern Brazil. This is a crosssectional study with 820 adolescents enrolled in public high schools of São José, Santa Catarina, Brazil, aged 14-17 years. Obesity was estimated by body fat percentage (BF%). BF% was calculated using the Lohman equation, which considers the sum of skinfolds (triceps and subscapularis). Cutoff points proposed by William et al. were used to classify individuals into normal weight or obese. Independent variables were sex, age, economic status, parental education, eating habits, physical activity and sexual maturation. The prevalence of obesity was 17.2%. Females (OR: 4.22; 95% CI: 2.72-6.54) and young people at post-pubertal stage of sexual maturation (OR: 1.95; 95% CI: 1.33-2.86) were more likely to have obesity. These results may help health authorities in the planning of public policies to prevent obesity.

scholarly journals Faktor risiko obesitas pada ibu rumah tangga miskin

2012 ◽  
Vol 9 (1) ◽  
pp. 1
Author(s):  
Digna Niken Purwaningrum ◽  
Hamam Hadi ◽  
I Made Alit Gunawan
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
Risk Factors ◽  
Logistic Regression ◽  
Risk Factor ◽  
Food Insecurity ◽  
Energy Intake ◽  
Conditional Logistic Regression ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Case Group ◽  
Fat Intake

Background: Food insecurity is associated with allocation of income for high energy density food consumption that may cause obesity in poor family. In addition, low physical activity may lead to obesity, particularly in individual living in disadvantaged situation.Objective: To identify risk factors of obesity among poor housewives in Yogyakarta.Method: This was a case control study, case group was obese housewives and the control group was non obese housewives. The locations of the study were Bumijo and Pringgokusuman which have high population density. The samples were taken purposively. Each group consisted of 70 housewives (1:1) and were matched according to age. Mc.Nemar test and conditional logistic regression were used to identify the risk factors of obesity.Results: There was no difference in characteristics between the two groups. Food insecurity reached 91,43% in the control group, proportion of excessive energy intake reached 37.86% in the case group, higher than in control group (24.29%). Excessive fat intake in the case group reached 30% whereas in the control group was 28.57%. Low physical activity reached 40% in the case group, and 10% in the control group. The result of Mc.Nemar test showed that food insecurity, energy and fat intake had no significant association with obesity (p>0.05). While physical activity was associated with obesity (p=0.0001). The result of conditional logistic regression showed physical activity was dominant risk factor for obesity among poor housewives (R2=0.1916).Conclusion: Food security status was not a risk factor for obesity in poor families; energy intake and fat intake contributed to the prevalence of obesity though the influence was smaller than physical activity.

scholarly journals Low birth weight and birth weight status in Bangladesh: A systematic review and meta-analysis

2021 ◽  
Vol 84 (3) ◽  
pp. 257-274
Author(s):  
Saijuddin Shaikh ◽  
Md. Tanvir Islam ◽  
Rebecca K. Campbell
Keyword(s):  
Birth Weight ◽  
Low Birth Weight ◽  
Urban Areas ◽  
Weight Status ◽  
Meta Analysis ◽  
Average Birth Weight ◽  
North East ◽  
Pooled Prevalence ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Urban Rural

Abstract The prevalence of low birth weight (LBW) is high in Bangladesh, but no study has collated recent estimates of LBW prevalence from throughout the country. The aim of this meta-analysis was to evaluate the prevalence of LBW and birth weight status in Bangladesh. We searched PubMed, Medline, Ovo and Google Scholar to find published articles in national and international journals from 2000–2020 and reviewed for relevance. Meta-analysis and Q test were performed to estimate the prevalence and heterogeneity of LBW from all included articles. Meta-regression was done to quantify associations with sample size and study year. Stratified analysis was conducted and effect size calculated for differences in LBW prevalence by sex, division and urban/rural area. In total 48 studies with 166,520 births were found and included in this meta-analysis. The pooled prevalence of LBW was 29.1% (95% CI, 28.9–29.3%) in overall, 29.9% (29.7–30.2%) in rural and 15.7% (14.9–16.6%) in urban areas. There was no significant difference in average birth weight between boys and girls (SD, 0.71; 95% CI, −0.43–1.83). Prevalence of LBW was higher in north-east Bangladesh compared to other zones (p<0.05). The pooled prevalence of LBW did not change significantly for last two decades. The prevalence of LBW in Bangladesh remains high. Lack of improvement suggests an urgent need for scaled up maternal and prenatal interventions and services known to reduce LBW. Urban/rural and divisional differences in rates suggest areas of greatest need.

Developing the capacity of general practice staff to support healthier weight status in children

2018 ◽  
Vol 68 (suppl 1) ◽  
pp. bjgp18X697037
Author(s):  
Raheelah Ahmad ◽  
Vida Cunningham ◽  
Bimpe Oki ◽  
Fiona Sim
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
General Practice ◽  
Childhood Obesity ◽  
Capacity Building ◽  
Weight Status ◽  
Systems Approach ◽  
Care Pathway ◽  
Overweight Child ◽  
Healthy Weight

BackgroundLambeth has implemented a healthy weight care pathway including capacity building of multi-agency staff. Successes include being the only borough in the country to see statistical reductions in childhood obesity over 5 years; but the challenge of 39.2% of 10–11-year olds leaving primary school as overweight/obese persists. When families approach GPs to validate the National Child Measurement Programme feedback, challenges include interpretation and explanation of body mass index (BMI). GPs have also felt uncomfortable raising the issue in routine consultations.AimTo understand potential enablers to raising the issue of unhealthy weight in children in general practice.Method70 staff (GPs 58%; Nurses 25%; GP registrar/trainee 7%; and HCA/other 10%) completed a bespoke childhood obesity capacity building workshop (accredited by the Royal College of GPs). Using scenario-based activities and end of session written questionnaire we gathered: knowledge and perceptions of weight measures, role of diet, nutrition and physical activity, as well as current blocks and potential enablers for brief intervention.ResultsLess than 5% of participants were able to identify a very overweight child by visual inspection. Confidence in raising the issue was reported due to enhanced knowledge of energy intake, physical activity and provision of a BMI wheel (40%), new ways of raising the issue (30%), understanding of supportive services in Lambeth (30%).ConclusionSupportive measures identified within a whole systems approach including role of schools, government, public health and the CCG are informing future planning.

scholarly journals A Narrative Review of Motor Competence in Children and Adolescents: What We Know and What We Need to Find Out

2020 ◽  
Vol 18 (1) ◽  
pp. 18
Author(s):  
Luís Lopes ◽  
Rute Santos ◽  
Manuel Coelho-e-Silva ◽  
Catherine Draper ◽  
Jorge Mota ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
Children And Adolescents ◽  
Current Knowledge ◽  
Public Health Problem ◽  
Positive Association ◽  
Premature Mortality ◽  
Narrative Review ◽  
Global Public Health ◽  
Motor Competence ◽  
Physically Active

Lack of physical activity is a global public health problem causing not only morbidity and premature mortality, but it is also a major economic burden worldwide. One of the cornerstones of a physically active lifestyle is Motor Competence (MC). MC is a complex biocultural attribute and therefore, its study requires a multi-sectoral, multi-, inter- and transdisciplinary approach. MC is a growing area of research, especially in children and adolescents due to its positive association with a plethora of health and developmental outcomes. Many questions, however, remain to be answered in this field of research, with regard to: (i) Health and Developmental-related Associations of MC; (ii) Assessment of MC; (iii) Prevalence and Trends of MC; (iv) Correlates and Determinants of MC; (v) MC Interventions, and (vi) Translating MC Research into Practice and Policy. This paper presents a narrative review of the literature, summarizing current knowledge, identifying key research gaps and presenting questions for future investigation on MC in children and adolescents. This is a collaborative effort from the International Motor Competence Network (IMCNetwork) a network of academics and researchers aiming to promote international collaborative research and knowledge translation in the expansive field of MC. The knowledge and deliverables generated by addressing and answering the aforementioned research questions on MC presented in this review have the potential to shape the ways in which researchers and practitioners promote MC and physical activity in children and adolescents across the world.

scholarly journals Correlates of childhood obesity in Athens, Greece

2008 ◽  
Vol 11 (9) ◽  
pp. 940-945 ◽  
Author(s):  
Areti Lagiou ◽  
Maria Parava
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
Childhood Obesity ◽  
Energy Intake ◽  
Primary Schools ◽  
Activity Patterns ◽  
Public Health Problem ◽  
School Students ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Physical Activity Patterns ◽  
Eating Occasions

AbstractObjectiveChildhood obesity is a growing public health problem. We have examined the association between sociodemographic profile and eating and physical activity patterns with overweight among primary-school students in Athens, Greece.DesignCross-sectional study.SettingEleven primary schools in the greater Athens area, Greece.SubjectsA total of 633 children aged 10–12 years (50 % boys, 50 % girls) were interviewed in person during spring 2003. Multivariate logistic regression was used to investigate the association between eating and physical activity patterns and overweight (≥85th sex- and age-specific BMI centile). Results are presented as odds ratios and 95 % confidence intervals.ResultsOverweight was more common among girls than among boys (OR=1·73; 95% CI 1·11, 2·69) and substantially less common among children born outside Greece (OR=0·46; CI 0·22, 0·95). Reported physical activity (per 1·5 h per day) was unrelated to overweight (OR=0·97; CI 0·85, 1·12) but patent physical inactivity, operationalised as time spent watching television or working/playing with the computer (per 1·5 h per day) was a highly significant predictor of overweight (OR=1·20; CI 1·05, 1·36). Composition of diet was unrelated to overweight but the daily number of eating occasions, controlling for total energy intake, was significantly inversely associated with overweight (OR=0·61; CI 0·48, 0·76).ConclusionsThe principal factor underlying overweight among children in Athens appears to be the extended inactivity imposed by modern childhood lifestyles. An intriguing finding is that spreading a given energy intake over several eating occasions was inversely associated with the likelihood of childhood obesity.

scholarly journals Geography Influences Dietary Intake, Physical Activity and Weight Status of Adolescents

2012 ◽  
Vol 2012 ◽  
pp. 1-6 ◽  
Author(s):  
Shauna M. Downs ◽  
Shawn N. Fraser ◽  
Kate E. Storey ◽  
Laura E. Forbes ◽  
John C. Spence ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
Urban Youth ◽  
Urban Areas ◽  
Weight Status ◽  
Activity Levels ◽  
Dietary Intakes ◽  
Nutrient Intakes ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Lifestyle Behaviours ◽  
Rural And Urban

Purpose. The purpose of this study was to assess rural and urban differences in the dietary intakes, physical activity levels and weight status of a large sample of Canadian youth in both 2005 and 2008.Materials and Methods. A cross-sectional study of rural and urban adolescents (n=10,023) in Alberta was conducted in both 2005 and 2008 using a web-based survey.Results. There was an overall positive change in nutrient intakes between 2005 and 2008; however, rural residents generally had a poorer nutrient profile than urban residents (P<.001). They consumed less fibre and a greater percent energy from saturated fat. The mean physical activity scores increased among rural youth between 2005 and 2008 (P<.001), while remaining unchanged among urban youth. Residence was significantly related to weight status in 2005 (P=.017), but not in 2008.Conclusion. Although there were small improvements in nutrient intakes from 2005 to 2008, several differences in the lifestyle behaviours of adolescents living in rural and urban areas were found. The results of this study emphasize the importance of making policy and program recommendations to support healthy lifestyle behaviours within the context of the environments in which adolescents live.

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