scholarly journals Grape Preservation Using Chitosan Combined withβ-Cyclodextrin

2013 ◽  
Vol 2013 ◽  
pp. 1-8 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yu Youwei ◽  
Ren Yinzhe
Keyword(s):  
Weight Loss ◽  
Hydrogen Bond ◽  
Superoxide Dismutase ◽  
Storage Time ◽  
Good Method ◽  
Crystal Form ◽  
Hydroxyl Group ◽  
Content Increase ◽  
Chitosan Coating ◽  
Compound Coating

The effect of 1% chitosan combined with 2%β-cyclodextrin to the preservation of fresh grapes under ambient temperature was investigated. The results indicated that the hydrogen bond formed between the hydroxyl group ofβ-cyclodextrin and the amidogen or hydroxyl group of chitosan and the crystal form of chitosan was also changed when cyclodextrin was doped into chitosan coating. The compound coating could prolong the shelf life of grapes, maintain lower respiration rate and higher activities of superoxide dismutase, peroxidase, and catalase during storage time, and restrain weight loss and malonaldehyde content increase. Coating grapes with chitosan +β-cyclodextrin was a good method in postharvested grape preservation.

scholarly journals Effects of 1-Methylcyclopropene Treatment on Physicochemical Attributes of “Hai Jiang” Yardlong Bean during Cold Storage

2018 ◽  
Vol 2018 ◽  
pp. 1-7
Author(s):  
Zitao Jiang ◽  
Jiaoke Zeng ◽  
Yunke Zheng ◽  
Hong Tang ◽  
Wen Li
Keyword(s):  
Weight Loss ◽  
Superoxide Dismutase ◽  
Cold Storage ◽  
Skin Color ◽  
Storage Time ◽  
Physicochemical Characteristics ◽  
Mda Content ◽  
Nonclimacteric Fruit ◽  
Yardlong Bean ◽  
Postharvest Senescence

The yardlong bean belongs to nonclimacteric fruit. The objective of this study was to investigate the effects of 1-methylcyclopropene (1-MCP) treatment on physicochemical characteristics of yardlong beans during cold storage. Freshly harvested yardlong beans were treated with different concentrations of 1-MCP (0, 0.75, 1.0, 1.25, and 1.5 μL ·L−1) and stored at 8°C for 21 days. The results showed that, compared with the control, the decrease in firmness and good fruit rate and the degradation of chlorophyll and vitamin C (Vc) content could be inhibited, change in skin color could be delayed, activities of superoxide dismutase (SOD) and peroxidase (POD) could be improved, and the increasing of malondialdehyde (MDA) content and weight loss could be inhibited significantly by 1-MCP treatments. Of the different concentrations of 1-MCP, 1.0 μL·L−1 proved to have the best preservative effects, extending storage time and delaying ripening and senescence of yardlong beans. These results indicated that 1-MCP treatment provided an effective method for delaying the postharvest senescence of fresh yardlong beans.

scholarly journals Effect of Chitosan Coating with Cinnamon Oil on the Quality and Physiological Attributes of China Jujube Fruits

2015 ◽  
Vol 2015 ◽  
pp. 1-10 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yage Xing ◽  
Hongbin Lin ◽  
Dong Cao ◽  
Qinglian Xu ◽  
Wenfeng Han ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Weight Loss ◽  
Storage Time ◽  
Sensory Quality ◽  
Cinnamon Oil ◽  
Soluble Phenolics ◽  
Chitosan Coating ◽  
Titratable Acid ◽  
Physiological Attributes ◽  
And Control

Effects of chitosan coating with cinnamon oil on the physiological attributes and preservation quality of China jujube fruits during storage at 4°C for 60 days were investigated. Results indicated that weight loss and decay of jujube fruits were significantly reduced by chitosan-oil coating during the period of 60-day storage, which also exhibited a quite beneficial effect on maintaining the sensory quality for jujube fruits. Meanwhile, the contents of vitamin C and titratable acid decreased to 3.08 mg·g−1and 0.342% for the fruits treated by chitosan-oil coating (1.0% + 0.10%), respectively. Polyphenol oxidase, superoxide dismutase, and peroxidase activities were 13.40 U·g−1, 14.53 U·g−1, and 63.6 U·g−1at the end of storage, respectively. The contents of total soluble phenolics and MDA were 34.51 mg·g−1and 19.43μmol·g−1for the combined coating treated samples and control fruits, respectively. These results suggested that the chitosan-oil coating might be recognized as one efficiency technology on the preservation quality of jujube fruits during the storage time.

scholarly journals Effects of Sources and Forms of Vitamin K3 on Its Storage Stability in Vitamin Premixes or Vitamin Trace Mineral Premixes

Animals ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (4) ◽  
pp. 1140
Author(s):  
Huakai Wang ◽  
Pan Yang ◽  
Longxian Li ◽  
Nan Zhang ◽  
Yongxi Ma ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Relative Humidity ◽  
Storage Time ◽  
Storage Stability ◽  
Choline Chloride ◽  
Crystal Form ◽  
Negative Effects ◽  
Trace Mineral ◽  
Vitamin K3 ◽  
Choline Group ◽  
Micro Sphere

Six types of vitamin K3 (VK3); two sources (menadione sodium bisulfite, MSB; menadione nicotinamide bisulfite, MNB), and three different forms (crystal, micro-capsule, and micro-sphere) were used to determine the retention of VK3 in vitamin premixes (Experiment 1) or vitamin trace mineral (VTM) premixes (Experiment 2) after 1, 2, 3, and 6 months of storage. The retention of VK3 in vitamin premixes was evaluated at 25 °C/60% relative humidity or 40 °C/75% relative humidity in an incubator in Experiment 1 and in VTM premixes (choline chloride: 0 vs. 16,000 mg/kg) stored at room temperature in Experiment 2. The VK3 retention in vitamin premix or VTM premix decreased significantly with the extension of storage time (p < 0.05). In Experiment 1, the VK3 retention was higher in the 25 °C/60% incubator (56%) than in the 40 °C/75% incubator (28%). The MNB retention (52%) was higher than MSB retention (32%). The retention of VK3 in micro-capsules (43%) or micro-spheres (48%) was higher than the crystal form (35%) after six months of storage. In Experiment 2, there was no difference between the retention of MSB (49%) or MNB (47%). The retention of VK3 of micro-capsule (51%) or micro-sphere (54%) was higher than that of crystal form (40%). The VK3 retention was higher in the choline-free group (51%) than in the choline group (47%) after six months of storage. Finally, the predicted equations of VK3 retention with storage time in vitamin premixes or VTM premixes were established. The R2 of the prediction equations was ≥0.9005, indicating that time is an important factor in predicting VK3 retention. In conclusion, the higher temperature-relative humidity, choline had negative effects on VK3 retention during premix storage. MNB retention was higher than MSB during storage of vitamin premix. The encapsulated forms of VK3, micro-capsules and micro-spheres, could improve VK3 storage stability in vitamin premix and VTM premix.

scholarly journals Pengaruh Perlakuan Waktu dan Suhu Penyimpanan Dingin terhadap Mutu Kubis Bunga (Brassica Oleracea Var. Botrytis L.)

2019 ◽  
Vol 8 (1) ◽  
pp. 138
Author(s):  
Chyntia Wulandari Eka Saputri ◽  
I. A. Rina Pratiwi Pudja ◽  
Pande Ketut Diah Kencana
Keyword(s):  
Weight Loss ◽  
Shelf Life ◽  
Cold Storage ◽  
Storage Time ◽  
Consumption Rate ◽  
Storage Temperature ◽  
Treatment Time ◽  
O2 Consumption ◽  
Damage Level ◽  
Four Levels

Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah untuk menentukan waktu perlakuan optimal dan suhu penyimpanan dingin untuk mutu kubis bunga. Penelitian ini menggunakan rancangan acak lengkap (RAL) yang terdiri dari dua faktor, faktor pertama adalah suhu yang digunakan dan faktor kedua adalah waktu selama show case. Faktor pertama terdiri dari dua level, yaitu (P1): show case temperature 8oC, dan (P2): show case temperature 15oC dan tambah kontrol (P0). Faktor kedua terdiri dari empat level, yaitu (A0): penyimpanan selama 0 jam, (A1): penyimpanan selama 12 jam, (A2): penyimpanan selama 16 jam, (A3): penyimpanan selama 20 jam dan diulang untuk 3 kali ulangan. Kubis bunga sebagai kontrol disimpan pada suhu kamar (28 ± 1 ?). Parameter kualitas yang diamati dalam penelitian ini termasuk penurunan berat badan, tingkat konsumsi O2, warna (warna berbeda), uji organoleptik termasuk umur simpan dan tingkat kerusakan. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan parameter penurunan susut bobot, laju konsumsi O2, warna, umur simpan, tingkat kerusakan pada suhu perlakuan suhu terbaik adalah suhu 8 ? dan waktu penyimpanan 20 jam (P1A3).Kata kunci: kembang kol, waktu penyimpanan, suhu penyimpanan dingin   The purpose of this study was to determine the optimal treatment time and cold storage temperature for the quality of cabbage flowers. This study uses a completely randomized design (CRD) consisting of two factors, the first factor is the temperature used and the second factor is the time during the showcase. The first factor consists of two levels, namely (P1): showcase temperature of 8oC, and (P2): showcase temperature of 15oC and added a control (P0). The second factor consists of four levels, namely (A0): storage for 0 hours, (A1): storage for 12 hours, (A2): storage for 16 hours, (A3): storage for 20 hours and repeated for 3 replications. Flower cabbage as control was stored at room temperature (28 ± 1 ?). The quality parameters observed in this study included weight loss, O2 consumption rate, color (color different), organoleptic tests including shelf life and damage level. The results showed the parameters of weight loss, O2 consumption rate, color, shelf life, damage rate at the best temperature of 8 ? and storage time of 20 hours (P1A3). Keywords: cauliflower, storage time, cold storage temperature

scholarly journals Complexation of Cu(BF4)2 with 3-hydroxyflavone in acetonitrile: quantum chemical calculation

2018 ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Hydrogen Bond ◽  
Hydrogen Atom ◽  
Intramolecular Hydrogen Bond ◽  
Quantum Chemical ◽  
Phenyl Ring ◽  
Fluorine Atom ◽  
Quantum Chemical Study ◽  
Hydroxyl Group ◽  
Chemical Calculation ◽  
Intramolecular Hydrogen

In the article the results of the quantum chemical study of copper (II) solvato-complexes with acetonitrile (AN), tetrafluoroborate anion (BF4–) and 3-hydroxyflavone (flv) of the composition [Cu(AN)6]2+, [Cu(BF4)(AN)5]+, [Cu(flv)(AN)5]2+, [Cu(flv)(BF4)(AN)4]+ are presented. Calculations were done using density function theory (DFT) on the M06-2X/6-311++G(d,p) level of theory. Obtained results were interpreted in terms of complexes geometry and topology of electron density distribution using non-covalent interactions (NCI) approach. It was shown that flv molecule is a monodentate ligand in copper (II) complexes and coordinates central atom via carbonyl oxygen. Intramolecular hydrogen bond that exists in an isolated flv molecule was found to be broken upon [Cu(flv)(AN)5]2+ complex formation. In [Cu(flv)(AN)5]2+ complex, a significant rotation of phenyl ring over the planar chromone fragment was spotted as a consequence of intramolecular hydrogen bond breaking. Upon inclusion of BF4– anion to the first solvation shell of Cu2+, an intracomplex hydrogen bond was formed between hydrogen atom of hydroxyl group of flv molecule and the closest fluorine atom of BF4– anion. NCI analysis had shown that a hydrogen bond between hydrogen atom of hydroxyl group of flv molecule and the closest fluorine atom of BF4– anion is significantly stronger than intramolecular hydrogen bond in an isolated flv molecule. In addition, flexible phenyl ring of flv molecule in [Cu(flv)(BF4)(AN)4]+ complex was found to be internally stabilized by the weak van der Waals attraction between oxygen atoms of chromone ring and phenyl hydrogens. These evidences led to a conclusion that [Cu(flv)(BF4)(AN)4]+ complex is more stable, comparing to the in [Cu(flv)(AN)5]2+ complex.

scholarly journals Molecular interactions in nanocellulose assembly

2017 ◽  
Vol 376 (2112) ◽  
pp. 20170047 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yoshiharu Nishiyama
Keyword(s):  
Hydrogen Bond ◽  
Hydrogen Bonds ◽  
Molecular Modelling ◽  
Hydroxyl Group ◽  
Enthalpy Of Sublimation ◽  
Dispersion Force ◽  
Hydroxyl Groups ◽  
Range Interaction ◽  
Simple Arithmetic ◽  
London Dispersion

The contribution of hydrogen bonds and the London dispersion force in the cohesion of cellulose is discussed in the light of the structure, spectroscopic data, empirical molecular-modelling parameters and thermodynamics data of analogue molecules. The hydrogen bond of cellulose is mainly electrostatic, and the stabilization energy in cellulose for each hydrogen bond is estimated to be between 17 and 30 kJ mol −1 . On average, hydroxyl groups of cellulose form hydrogen bonds comparable to those of other simple alcohols. The London dispersion interaction may be estimated from empirical attraction terms in molecular modelling by simple integration over all components. Although this interaction extends to relatively large distances in colloidal systems, the short-range interaction is dominant for the cohesion of cellulose and is equivalent to a compression of 3 GPa. Trends of heat of vaporization of alkyl alcohols and alkanes suggests a stabilization by such hydroxyl group hydrogen bonding to be of the order of 24 kJ mol −1 , whereas the London dispersion force contributes about 0.41 kJ mol −1  Da −1 . The simple arithmetic sum of the energy is consistent with the experimental enthalpy of sublimation of small sugars, where the main part of the cohesive energy comes from hydrogen bonds. For cellulose, because of the reduced number of hydroxyl groups, the London dispersion force provides the main contribution to intermolecular cohesion. This article is part of a discussion meeting issue ‘New horizons for cellulose nanotechnology’.

scholarly journals Study on the Dissolution Mechanism of Cellulose by ChCl-Based Deep Eutectic Solvents

Materials ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 13 (2) ◽  
pp. 278 ◽  
Author(s):  
Heng Zhang ◽  
Jinyan Lang ◽  
Ping Lan ◽  
Hongyan Yang ◽  
Junliang Lu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Hydrogen Bond ◽  
Oxalic Acid ◽  
Deep Eutectic Solvents ◽  
Solvent System ◽  
Hydroxyl Group ◽  
Regenerated Cellulose ◽  
Dissolution Mechanism ◽  
Hydroxyl Groups ◽  
Type I ◽  
Hydrogen Bond Donor

Four deep eutectic solvents (DESs), namely, glycerol/chlorocholine (glycerol/ChCl), urea/ChCl, citric acid/ChCl, and oxalic acid/ChCl, were synthesized and their performance in the dissolution of cellulose was studied. The results showed that the melting point of the DESs varied with the proportion of the hydrogen bond donor material. The viscosity of the DESs changed considerably with the change in temperature; as the temperature increased, the viscosity decreased and the electrical conductivity increased. Oxalic acid/ChCl exhibited the best dissolution effects on cellulose. The microscopic morphology of cellulose was observed with a microscope. The solvent system effectively dissolved the cellulose, and the dissolution method of the oxalic acid/ChCl solvent on cellulose was preliminarily analyzed. The ChCl solvent formed new hydrogen bonds with the hydroxyl groups of the cellulose through its oxygen atom in the hydroxyl group and its nitrogen atom in the amino group. That is to say, after the deep eutectic melt formed an internal hydrogen bond, a large number of remaining ions formed a hydrogen bond with the hydroxyl groups of the cellulose, resulting in a great dissolution of the cellulose. Although the cellulose and regenerated cellulose had similar structures, the crystal form of cellulose changed from type I to type II.

scholarly journals Potential Anti-Acetylcholinesterase Activity of Cassia timorensis DC.

Molecules ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 25 (19) ◽  
pp. 4545
Author(s):  
Nurul Amira Nurul Azman ◽  
Maram B. Alhawarri ◽  
Mira Syahfriena Amir Rawa ◽  
Roza Dianita ◽  
Amirah Mohd Gazzali ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Hydrogen Bond ◽  
Acetylcholinesterase Activity ◽  
The Other ◽  
Hydroxyl Group ◽  
Anionic Site ◽  
Methanol Extracts ◽  
Plant Parts ◽  
Ache Inhibitory Activity ◽  
First Time ◽  
Hydrolysis Of

Seventeen methanol extracts from different plant parts of five different Cassia species, including C. timorensis, C. grandis, C. fistula, C. spectabilis, and C. alata were screened against acetylcholinesterase (AChE). C. timorensis extracts were found to exhibit the highest inhibition towards AChE whereby the leaf, stem, and flower methanol extracts showed 94–97% inhibition. As far as we are aware, C. timorensis is one of the least explored Cassia spp. for bioactivity. Further fractionation led to the identification of six compounds, isolated for the first time from C. timorensis: 3-methoxyquercetin (1), benzenepropanoic acid (2), 9,12,15-octadecatrienoic acid (3), β-sitosterol (4), stigmasterol (5), and 1-octadecanol (6). Compound 1 showed moderate inhibition towards AChE (IC50: 83.71 μM), while the other compounds exhibited poor to slightly moderate AChE inhibitory activity. Molecular docking revealed that the methoxy substitution of 1 formed a hydrogen bond with TYR121 at the peripheral anionic site (PAS) and the hydroxyl group at C5 formed a covalent hydrogen bond with ASP72. Additionally, the OH group at the C3′ position formed an interaction with the protein at the acyl pocket (PHE288). This possibly explains the activity of 1 in blocking the entry of acetylcholine (ACh, the neurotransmitter), thus impeding the hydrolysis of ACh.

scholarly journals N-(5′-Phosphopyridoxyl)glutamic acid and N-(5′-phosphopyridoxyl)-2-oxopyrrolidine-5-carboxylic acid and their action on the apoenzyme of aspartate aminotransferase

1971 ◽  
Vol 124 (1) ◽  
pp. 99-106 ◽  
Author(s):  
R M. Khomutov ◽  
H B. F. Dixon ◽  
L V. Vdovina ◽  
M P. Kirpichnikov ◽  
Y V. Morozov ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Hydrogen Bond ◽  
Carboxylic Acid ◽  
Glutamic Acid ◽  
Aspartate Aminotransferase ◽  
Fluorescence Spectra ◽  
Pyridoxal Phosphate ◽  
Hydroxyl Group ◽  
Side Chain ◽  
Compound I ◽  
Compound Ii

1. N-(5′-Phosphopyridoxyl)-l-glutamic acid (P-Pxy-Glu, compound I) is readily converted at pH3 into a substance (P-Pxy-Glp, compound II) characterized as N-(5′-phosphopyridoxyl)-2-oxopyrrolidine-5-carboxylic acid. 2. The u.v., i.r. and fluorescence spectra of P-Pxy-Glu and P-Pxy-Glp have been determined; from the u.v. spectra their pK values have been found and compared. 3. The apoenzyme of aspartate aminotransferase is rapidly and irreversibly inactivated by P-Pxy-Glu, but is inactivated more slowly by P-Pxy-Glp. The complex with P-Pxy-Glp is stable enough to be isolated, but it is slowly reactivated in the presence of excess of pyridoxal phosphate. 4. The u.v. spectrum of the complex of apoenzyme and P-Pxy-Glp suggests that it contains a hydrogen bond between the phenolic hydroxyl group and the pyrrolidone nitrogen; this specifies the conformation of most of the molecule of P-Pxy-Glp. This conformation is similar to that previously postulated for the enzyme–glutamate complex except for the side chain of glutamate. Hence both the affinity of P-Pxy-Glp for the apoenzyme and the fact that it is more easily removed than P-Pxy-Glu are explicable.

scholarly journals Effects of Chitosan Coating Structure and Changes during Storage on Their Egg Preservation Performance

Coatings ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 8 (9) ◽  
pp. 317 ◽  
Author(s):  
Dan Xu ◽  
Jing Wang ◽  
Dan Ren ◽  
Xiyu Wu
Keyword(s):  
Weight Loss ◽  
Acetic Acid ◽  
Fourier Transform ◽  
Acetic Acid Solution ◽  
Chitosan Solution ◽  
Coating Structure ◽  
Chitosan Coating ◽  
Structure Changes ◽  
Coating Layers ◽  
Haugh Unit

To explore the influences of chitosan coating structure and structure changes during storage on egg preservation, eggs coated by chitosan solution for single time (CS1), two times (CS2), and three times (CS3) were prepared separately and stored with untreated eggs (CK1), eggs washed by water (CK2) and eggs treated by acetic acid solution (CK3) at 25 °C, 80% RH. The weight loss, Haugh unit, yolk index, albumen pH, eggshell morphologies and infrared (FTIR—Fourier Transform Infrared) spectra of all the samples were monitored. CS2 and CS3 presented the lowest weight loss, highest Haugh unit and yolk index, stabilized pH, and the highest thickness of chitosan coating layers (>2 μm) among all the groups, which extended egg shelf life for 20 days longer compared to CK1 and CK2. CS1 with very thin chitosan coating showed similar egg qualities with CK3, which are second only to CS2 and CS3. Furthermore, destructions were found on chitosan coatings during storage as revealed by the eggshell morphologies and FTIR spectra, which caused the quality deterioration of eggs. The results demonstrated that eggs with the thickest coating showed the best qualities during storage, while destructions on coating layers led to the quality drop of eggs.

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