scholarly journals Cartesian Control of Sit-to-Stand Motion Using Head Position Feedback

2020 ◽  
Vol 2020 ◽  
pp. 1-13
Author(s):  
Samina Rafique ◽  
M. Najam-ul-Islam ◽  
M. Shafique ◽  
A. Mahmood
Keyword(s):  
Well Being ◽  
Human Motion ◽  
Head Position ◽  
Head Orientation ◽  
Motor Execution ◽  
Modeling Framework ◽  
Task Control ◽  
Low Level ◽  
Sit To Stand ◽  
High Level

Sit-to-stand (STS) motion is an indicator of an individual’s physical independence and well-being. Determination of various variables that contribute to the execution and control of STS motion is an active area of research. In this study, we evaluate the clinical hypothesis that besides numerous other factors, the central nervous system (CNS) controls STS motion by tracking a prelearned head position trajectory. Motivated by the evidence for a task-oriented encoding of motion by the CNS, we adopt a robotic approach for the synthesis of STS motion and propose this scheme as a solution to this hypothesis. We propose an analytical biomechanical human CNS modeling framework where the head position trajectory defines the high-level task control variable. The motion control is divided into low-level task generation and motor execution phases. We model CNS as STS controller and its Estimator subsystem plans joint trajectories to perform the low-level task. The motor execution is done through the Cartesian controller subsystem that generates torque commands to the joints. We do extensive motion and force capture experiments on human subjects to validate our analytical modeling scheme. We first scale our biomechanical model to match the anthropometry of the subjects. We do dynamic motion reconstruction through the control of simulated custom human CNS models to follow the captured head position trajectories in real time. We perform kinematic and kinetic analyses and comparison of experimental and simulated motions. For head position trajectories, root mean square (RMS) errors are 0.0118 m in horizontal and 0.0315 m in vertical directions. Errors in angle estimates are 0.55 rad, 0.93 rad, 0.59 rad, and 0.0442 rad for ankle, knee, hip, and head orientation, respectively. RMS error of ground reaction force (GRF) is 50.26 N, and the correlation between ground reaction torque and the support moment is 0.72. Low errors in our results validate (1) the reliability of motion/force capture methods and anthropometric technique for customization of human models and (2) high-level task control framework and human CNS modeling as a solution to the hypothesis. Accurate modeling and detailed understanding of human motion can have significant scope in the fields of rehabilitation, humanoid robotics, and virtual characters’ motion planning based on high-level task control schemes.

scholarly journals Do wage and wage satisfaction compensate for the effects of a dissatisfying job on life satisfaction?

2019 ◽  
Vol 45 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jacob A. De Coning ◽  
Sebastiaan Rothmann ◽  
Marius W. Stander
Keyword(s):  
Job Satisfaction ◽  
Life Satisfaction ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Ethical Behaviour ◽  
Satisfaction Level ◽  
Wage Level ◽  
Data Set ◽  
Convenience Sample ◽  
Low Level ◽  
High Level

Orientation: Research regarding subjective well-being (including life satisfaction and domain-specific satisfaction) is necessary, given the effects thereof on health, work performance, social relationships and ethical behaviour of employees.Research purpose: This study aimed to investigate the relationships among life satisfaction, job satisfaction and wage satisfaction, as well as how these relationships related to gross wage category in a South African sample.Motivation for the study: While research has shown that wage level and wage satisfaction are positively associated with both job and life satisfaction, the question arises whether wage level and satisfaction would compensate for the negative effect of a dissatisfying job on life satisfaction.Research approach/design and method: A cross-sectional design was used. A non-probability convenience sample (N = 763) in the form of the WageIndicator data set was obtained. Hierarchical log-linear analyses and cross-tabulations were carried out to determine the relationships that existed among the constructs.Main findings: Although job satisfaction and wage satisfaction were strongly related at a low level of wage satisfaction, fewer people were satisfied with their jobs at a high level of wage satisfaction level. Moreover, while job and life satisfaction were strongly related at a low level of job satisfaction level, relatively fewer people were satisfied with their lives at a high level of job satisfaction level. Wage dissatisfaction was associated with dissatisfaction with life but was more strongly associated with life satisfaction at a high level of wage satisfaction. Wage category and wage satisfaction did not interact with the job satisfaction level in affecting life satisfaction.Practical/managerial implications: Managers should attend to the perceptions of wage dissatisfaction at low wage and wage satisfaction levels. Such dissatisfaction may have a negative impact on the job and life satisfaction of employees and result in detrimental effects on employees and organisations.Contribution/value-add: This study contributes to scientific knowledge regarding the relationships between wage, wage satisfaction, job dissatisfaction and life satisfaction.

scholarly journals Investigating The Benefits of Online Running Groups On The Well-Being of Their Female Running Members

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Susan Hughes ◽  
Anne Moorhead
Keyword(s):  
Social Media ◽  
Research Design ◽  
Online Survey ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Mental Wellbeing ◽  
Perceived Benefits ◽  
Low Level ◽  
High Level ◽  
Moderate Range ◽  
Over Time

Abstract BackgroundOnline running communities are becoming increasingly prevalent within social media, and many groups have been exclusively established for female runners. The aim of this study was to investigate the wellbeing benefits and limitations of using Facebook running groups among women. MethodologyThe research design was a quantitative online survey. This survey was completed by 349 adult members of Facebook running groups for women. The online survey consisted of a validated scale, the Warwick-Edinburgh Mental Wellbeing Scale (WEMWBS), to calculate individual wellbeing scores. Data were analysed using SPSS, conducting descriptives, frequencies and correlations tests. ResultsThe results showed that 14% of participants’ scores indicated a high level of wellbeing, 66% had a wellbeing score in the moderate range and 21% of participants scored in the range of low-level wellbeing. Participants specified how they perceived women’s running Facebook groups to benefit or limit areas of wellbeing. Responses indicated perceived benefits to sense of optimism, interest in other people and sense of feeling good about themselves. There were negligible perceived wellbeing limitations. Members who had been running for the longest reported to engage more frequently with the groups, which may suggest their identities as runners have strengthened over time. ConclusionOverall, this study clearly found that women’s running Facebook groups can provide wellbeing benefits for their members.

scholarly journals Spiritual Well-Being among Medical and Nonmedical Science Students

Scientifica ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 2021 ◽  
pp. 1-6
Author(s):  
Mahboobeh Maazallahi ◽  
Asma Ghonchepour ◽  
Mostafa Sohrabi ◽  
Zakiyeh Golestani ◽  
Peiman Parandeh Afshar ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Medical Science ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Moderate Level ◽  
Science Students ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Low Level ◽  
Spiritual Well Being ◽  
Quota Sampling ◽  
High Level

Spiritual well-being is one dimension of health that provides a person with stability, meaning, fulfillment in life, and self-belief. This study aimed to compare the spiritual well-being among students of Kerman University of Medical Sciences and the Shahid Bahonar University of Kerman. With the demographic questionnaire and 20-item spiritual well-being scale of the “Paloutzian and Ellison” questionnaire, a cross-sectional study was conducted on 626 students of the universities of medical and nonmedical sciences by the quota sampling method in Kerman in 2017-2018. The scores of spiritual well-being and its two components were significantly higher in nonmedical science students (89.83 ± 16.79) than in the medical science students (81.61 ± 15.21) ( p < 0.05 ). In addition, one percent of the nonmedical science students had a low level, 67.7% had a moderate level, and 31.3% had a high level of spiritual well-being. 0.3% of the medical science students had a low level, 84% had a moderate level, and 15.7% had a high level of spiritual well-being. Since spirituality is important for the profession of medical science students, it may be necessary to expand this component in their curriculum.

scholarly journals Conclusions about well-being being necessary but not sufficient for resilience may be unwarranted

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kimmo Sorjonen ◽  
Bo Melin
Keyword(s):  
Well Being ◽  
Necessary Condition ◽  
Extended Version ◽  
Low Level ◽  
High Level

After conducting necessary condition analysis (NCA), researchers have concluded that a certain, not too low, level of well-being is necessary but not sufficient for a high level of resilience. However, as acknowledged by the developers of the test, NCA only evaluates if the association between two variables is characterized by some unspecified type of non-randomness and not conditions of necessity. The present findings, based on re-analyses of data, indicate a significant necessity effect of resilience on overall well-being, which is not logically compatible with well-being being necessary but not sufficient for resilience. Analyses with an extended version of NCA suggest that the association between overall well-being and resilience is characterized by equal degrees of necessity and sufficiency.

Caratteristiche del lavoro e qualitŕ della vita lavorativa: effetti sull'engagement e sulla propensione all'innovazione

RISORSA UOMO ◽  
2009 ◽  
pp. 415-429
Author(s):  
Fabio Massei ◽  
Salvatore Zappalŕ
Keyword(s):  
Research Design ◽  
Positive Emotion ◽  
Longitudinal Research ◽  
Job Demands ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Work Environments ◽  
Work Characteristics ◽  
Low Level ◽  
Longitudinal Research Design ◽  
High Level

- Research have shown that characteristics of the work environments are related to employees' well-being, performance and individual innovation. The study, carried out in a small manufacturing company (N = 32), using the Karasek's model and a longitudinal research design, shows that characteristics of the work environments influence workers' engagement and the frequency with which employees experienced positive emotion on the job. The level of employees' innovativeness at T1 predicts job demands perceived at T2. Work characteristics are not related to employees' performance and to employees' propensity in suggesting ideas. Instead, an high level of control and a low level of demands fostering ideas implementation.

scholarly journals SOCIAL AND PSYCHOLOGICAL ADAPTATION OF YOUNGER SCHOOLCHILDREN TO THE LEARNING ENVIRONMENT AS A FACTOR OF THEIR EMOTIONAL WELL-BEING

2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (4) ◽  
pp. 63-70
Author(s):  
Vadim Anatolevich Shumakov ◽  
Darya Aleksandrovna Dubrovina ◽  
Anna Vladimirovna Platonova
Keyword(s):  
First Graders ◽  
Negative Attitude ◽  
Psychological Adaptation ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Favorable Attitude ◽  
Average Level ◽  
Daily Routine ◽  
Low Level ◽  
School Anxiety ◽  
High Level

Abstract: The article considers the phenomenon of socio-psychological adaptation of younger schoolchildren to learning at school. In this period, the usual daily routine changes, children are forced to obey the rules of school life, fulfilling the requirements of the teacher. Aim. The purpose of the article is to identify the role of socio-psychological adaptation of first graders to schooling in the formation of their emotional well-being. Materials and methods. 107 first-graders, including 42 boys and 65 girls, aged from 7 to 8 years (average age 7.5 ± 0.5 years) participated in the study. The following psychodiagnostic techniques were used: the technique "Ladder" (V.G. Schur) assesses the level of emotional well-being; “School drawing” methodology, which determines the attitude of a first-grader to school and the level of school anxiety; diagnosis of school anxiety (A.M. Prikhozhan) between children, communication with an adult and a teacher. Mathematical and statistical processing is carried out using Spearman's rank correlation coefficients, cluster analysis, qualitative analysis of research results. The calculations were performed using SPSS Statistics v. 17.0. Results. Three levels of socio-psychological changes were revealed: a high level of adaptation (n = 52) – primary classes with an emotionally favorable attitude to school, an average level of adaptation (n = 35) – students with an emotionally neutral attitude to school, a low level of adaptation (n = 20) – students with an emotionally negative attitude towards school. Conclusion. Younger schoolchildren with different indicators of socio-psychological adaptation differ in terms of emotional well-being. It is proved that with a high level of adaptation, first-graders show an emotionally favorable attitude towards school, with an average level of adaptation – an emotionally neutral attitude towards school, and with a low level of adaptation – an emotionally negative attitude towards school.

scholarly journals Getting on the Same Page: Consolidating Terminology to Facilitate Cross-Disciplinary Health-Related Blast Research

2021 ◽  
Vol 12 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jennifer N. Belding ◽  
Michael Egnoto ◽  
Robyn M. Englert ◽  
Shannon Fitzmaurice ◽  
Cynthia J. Thomsen
Keyword(s):  
Scoping Review ◽  
Focal Point ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Fiscal Year ◽  
National Defense ◽  
Low Level ◽  
Universal Language ◽  
Blast Exposure ◽  
Health Related ◽  
High Level

The consequences of blast exposure (including both high-level and low-level blast) have been a focal point of military interest and research for years. Recent mandates from Congress (e.g., National Defense Authorization Act for Fiscal Year 2018, section 734) have further accelerated these efforts, facilitating collaborations between research teams from a variety of disciplinary backgrounds. Based on findings from a recent scoping review, we argue that the scientific field of blast research is plagued by inconsistencies in both conceptualization of relevant constructs and terminology used to describe them. These issues hamper our ability to interpret study methods and findings, hinder efforts to integrate findings across studies to reach scientific consensus, and increase the likelihood of redundant efforts. We argue that multidisciplinary experts in this field require a universal language and clear, standardized terminology to further advance the important work of examining the effects of blast exposure on human health, performance, and well-being. To this end, we present a summary of descriptive conventions regarding the language scientists currently use when discussing blast-related exposures and outcomes based on findings from a recent scoping review. We then provide prescriptive conventions about how these terms should be used by clearly conceptualizing and explicitly defining relevant constructs. Specifically, we summarize essential concepts relevant to the study of blast, precisely distinguish between high-level blast and low-level blast, and discuss how the terms acute, chronic, exposure, and outcome should be used when referring to the health-related consequences of blast exposure.

scholarly journals An Exploratory Study of Factors That Affect Psychological Well-Being of 4-Year College Freshmen in South Korea

2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (9) ◽  
pp. 5230
Author(s):  
Jiyoung Yoon ◽  
Eunjung Hur
Keyword(s):  
College Freshmen ◽  
Risk Group ◽  
College Major ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Total Sample ◽  
Psychological Problems ◽  
Psychological Well Being ◽  
Psychological States ◽  
Low Level ◽  
High Level

The purpose of this study is to classify college freshmen based on the level of psychological states related to psychological well-being they experience, and to explore the factors influencing these psychological states. Group 1 had low levels of negative psychological states and high levels of positive psychological states (constituting 35% of the total sample); Group 2 had relatively high level of negative psychological states and very low level of life satisfaction (constituting 13% of the total sample), and Group 3 had moderate level of psychological states (constituting 52% of the total sample). First, it was identified that a group with high level of negative psychological states does not necessarily have a low level of positive psychological states in factors such as their self-esteem, resilience, or life goals. Second, female students were more likely to belong to the group with high manifestations of psychological problems. Students who get higher self-satisfaction from their income than their actual annual income, students with more allowance, students with lower burden relating to their tuition, and students who worked less part-time jobs (falls under the financial factor) were less likely to belong to the group with high manifestations of psychological problems. Students who had numerous communications with their peers and had a sense of trust in their school, and students who felt less alienated were also less likely to belong to the group with high manifestations of psychological problems (falls under the social relationship factor). In addition, students who selected their college major in accordance to their aptitudes and interests, or through the influence of their school teachers, were less likely to belong to the mild risk group or the risk group than the students who decided their college major based on employment prospects or recommendations (falls under the enrollment motivation factor). Meanwhile, students with a higher dependency to their mobile phones had higher probability of belonging to the risk group, and students who had higher computer use frequency, such as using a computer to chat or play games, had a lower probability of belonging to the mild risk group or the risk group (falls under the media utilization factor). The results of the study indicate the need for the following: (1) a three-dimensional diagnosis of the psychological state of college freshmen; (2) measures that can improve social relationships, such as support in the curriculum and linkage to counseling institutions; and (3) the selection of a major in accordance to one’s aptitude, calling for the need for a linkage with career guidance at the high school stage.

scholarly journals CURRENT STATE AND TRENDS OF THE NATIONAL ECONOMY OF SOCIAL CAPITAL DEVELOPMENT OF UKRAINE

2020 ◽  
Vol 1 (4) ◽  
pp. 77-83
Author(s):  
Yurii Malakhovskyi ◽  
Ali Kanso
Keyword(s):  
Social Capital ◽  
Sustainable Development ◽  
National Economy ◽  
Sustainable Development Goals ◽  
Well Being ◽  
General Level ◽  
Low Level ◽  
Current State ◽  
Development Goals ◽  
High Level

The purpose of the publication is to summarize the practice of quantitative assessment of the current state and trends in the change of social capital of national economy (SCNE) of Ukraine on the basis of the use of the index system, which comprehensively take into account numerous aspects of its functioning as a basic factor in ensuring stable competitiveness of the national economy (NE), high level of human development, key conditions for prosperity and well-being of all segments of the population. The results of the benchmarking of indices and analysis of the actual level of SCNE are based on data about the factors of current level of the national economy’s formation for individual countries in the process of ensuring in the strategic perspective the UN Sustainable Development Goals – Measuring Social Capital (SC) for Sustainable Development Goals (SDG). For SCNE of Ukraine is inherent in the simultaneous deep commitment of the domestic community to the values of survival (at the level of Russia, Moldova, Romania, Albania, Bulgaria) in combination with a high level of confession of secular rational values (at the level of Lithuania, South Korea, the Czech Republic, Germany, Denmark). Based on the above data, Ukraine has a low level of direct interpersonal social trust (the level of distrust/caution in relations practically exceeds it three times) combined with a low level of trust in political institutions. The necessary information for the assessment of the environment and the general level of development of SCNE of Ukraine is contained in the already mentioned international indices, which in their aggregate comprehensively characterize the subject of our research.

scholarly journals The Influence of Spiritual Quotient Toward Subjective Well-Being of Student of Muhammadiyah Boarding School Yogyakarta High School

2019 ◽  
Vol 3 (12) ◽  
pp. 49-54
Keyword(s):  
High School ◽  
Quantitative Research ◽  
Boarding School ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Moderate Level ◽  
Subjective Well Being ◽  
Low Level ◽  
The Subject ◽  
High Level ◽  
Positive Effect

The purpose of this study was to determine the effect of spiritual quotient towards subjective well-being of students in Muhammadiyah Boarding School Yogyakarta High School. This research was quantitative research. The subject of this research was students of class X and XI of Muhammadiyah Boarding School Yogyakarta High School as many as 227 students. The technique of data collection was using scale of spiritual quotient and scale of subjective well-being in theform of questionnaire. Data analysis was using simple linier regression analysis. The results of this study indicated that: (1) as many as 211 students (92,95%) have high level of spiritual quotient, 16 students (7,05%) have moderate level of spiritual quotient and there was no low level of spiritual quotient of student, (2) as many as 176 students (77,53%) have high level of subjective wellbeing, 51 students (22,47%) have moderate level of subjective well-being and there was no low level of subjective well-being of student, (3) Spiritual quotient has positive effect and significant toward subjective well-being of students in Muhammadiyah Boarding School Yogyakarta High School as big as 48% with significant value (Sig.) of 0,000 and t-count as big as 14,418.

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