scholarly journals The Perception of Premarital Genetic Screening within Young Jordanian Individuals

2021 ◽  
pp. 1-7
Author(s):  
Zaid Altaany ◽  
Omar F. Khabour ◽  
Karem H. Alzoubi ◽  
Almuthanna K. Alkaraki ◽  
Ghaith Al-Taani
Keyword(s):  
Genetic Screening ◽  
Positive Attitude ◽  
Genetic Disorders ◽  
Genetic Diseases ◽  
Female Gender ◽  
University Education ◽  
High Rate ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Convenience Sample ◽  
The Government

<b><i>Background:</i></b> During the past two decades, the attention of public health has been drawn to premarital genetic screening (PGS) programs to reduce birth defects and avoid genetic disorders. In Jordan, the high rate of genetic hemoglobinopathies compelled the government to implement an obligatory PGS program before marriage. Therefore, the objective of this study was to investigate the knowledge, opinion, and practice of young Jordanians concerning PGS. <b><i>Methods:</i></b> Using a pretested questionnaire, this cross-sectional study was conducted on a convenience sample from Jordan. The measures included respondents’ demographics, and beliefs/opinions regarding PGS. <b><i>Results:</i></b> A total of 432 participants completed the survey. The majority (87.8%) had a positive attitude toward PGS program. Reasons behind this positive attitude were preventing transmission of genetic diseases, reducing family breakdown/psychosocial problems, and financial burdens of having a child with genetic disease. In fact, 49.8% of participants were willing to change their marriage decision in case of receiving incompatible results. Moreover, most of the participants (75.1%) demanded the implementation of a law that prohibits incompatible marriages. A positive attitude toward PGS was found to be associated with female gender and having a university education. <b><i>Conclusions:</i></b> Young Jordanians have a positive attitude toward the implementation of PGS. Yet, educational programs should be drawn up to the target population before getting married emphasizing the important role of PGS in the wellness of the community.

scholarly journals HUBUNGAN TINGKAT PENGETAHUAN DAN SIKAP IBU TERHADAP PERILAKU PENGGUNAAN KONTRASESPSI KB DI PUSKESMAS SIKO KECAMATAN KOTA TERNATE UTARA TAHUN 2013

2018 ◽  
Vol 7 (2) ◽  
pp. 37
Author(s):  
Hetty Astri ◽  
Farida Alhadar
Keyword(s):  
Family Planning ◽  
Standard Deviation ◽  
Positive Attitude ◽  
Statistical Tests ◽  
High Rate ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Level Of Knowledge ◽  
Knowledge And Attitude ◽  
The Government ◽  
Chi Square Analysis

Abstract : The high rate of maternal mortality in Indonesia prompted the government to re-optimize the Family Planning . There are several factors that influence a person's behavior, two of which are knowledge and attitude. Factors to be observed in this study, which aims to determine the relationship of mother's level of knowledge and attitude towards the behavior of the use of contraception in the health center district of Siko in 2013. Design research is a descriptive cross-sectional study with a sample size of 49 people with accidential sampling. The analysis used in this research is using chi square analysis (X2). Instrumen in this study was a questionnaire that includes the data of respondents, questionnaires knowledge, attitudes, and behaviors. The results were obtained an average of 12.18 knowledge, median 12.00, with a standard deviation of 2.369. Respondents who have a good knowledge of as much as 16%, just 61%, less than 22%. Knowledge is lowest at the highest 8 17. While the average maternal attitude is 8.33, median 9.0 with a standard deviation 1.329. The number of respondents who have a negative attitude is 49% and that 51% have a positive attitude. The minimum value of 5 attitudes and values maksmimum attitude is 11. To obtain the behavior of the average value of 0.73, the median standard deviation of 1.00 and 0.446. The number of respondents who behave using birth control as much as 73.5% and were not as much as 26.5%. Based on the results obtained by statistical tests where X2 (3.560) is smaller than X2 table (11.07). This shows a lack of correlation between knowledge and attitude toward the behavior, in other words, a high level of knowledge and a positive attitude does not mean behaviour be positive. From the results of this study are expected to examine other factors that relate more to the behavior that family planning programs launched by the government can be optimized, effective and efficient.

scholarly journals The Importance of Early Detection of Genetic Diseases

2021 ◽  
Vol 4 (2) ◽  
pp. 133-141
Author(s):  
Suma Elcy Varghese ◽  
Rana Hassan Mohammad El Otol ◽  
Fatma Sultan Al Olama ◽  
Salah Ahmad Mohamed Elbadawi
Keyword(s):  
Early Detection ◽  
Newborn Screening ◽  
Health Authority ◽  
Genetic Screening ◽  
Screening Program ◽  
Genetic Disorders ◽  
Genetic Diseases ◽  
Inborn Errors ◽  
The Usa ◽  
Premarital Screening

<b><i>Background:</i></b> Early detection of diseases in newborn may help in early intervention and treatment, which may either cure the disease or improve the outcome of the patient. Dubai’s Health Authority has a newborn screening program which includes screening for metabolic and genetic conditions, for hearing and vision, and for congenital heart disease. <b><i>Objectives:</i></b> The objectives of this study are to assess the outcome of the newborn genetic screening program, to correlate the association between the outcome of the program and demographic variables and to find out the percentage of the number of infants who were confirmed to have the genetic disease (by confirmatory tests) out of the total infants who had positive screening test results. <b><i>Methods:</i></b> During the period of the study from January 2018 to December 2018, a total of 7,027 newborns were tested in Dubai Health Authority facilities by the newborn genetic screening program (known as the “Step One Screening”). Blood samples were collected by heel prick on a collection paper. All samples were transported to PerkinElmer Genomics in the USA where the tests were done. The genetic disorders identified were correlated with different variables like gender and nationality. The data were entered in an excel sheet and analyzed by using SPSS software. All infants aged 0–3 months who have done newborn genetic screening at Dubai Health Authority facilities between January and December 2018 were included. <b><i>Results:</i></b> The incidence of screened disorders was 1:7,027 for congenital adrenal hyperplasia, 1:1,757 for congenital hypothyroidism, 1:1,757 for inborn errors of metabolism, 1:2,342 for biotinidase deficiency, 1:1,171 for hemoglobinopathies, 1:12 for hemoglobinopathy traits, and 1:10 for different genetic mutations of G6PD deficiency. <b><i>Conclusions:</i></b> There is a high incidence of different genetic diseases detected by newborn screening. These results justify unifying the program in the UAE and preventive programs like premarital screening and genetic counseling.

scholarly journals Demographic and Clinical Characteristics of Epilepsy in Childhood: A Prospective Cross Sectional Study from Sudan

2021 ◽  
pp. 6
Author(s):  
Keyword(s):  
Low Socioeconomic Status ◽  
Clinical Characteristics ◽  
Genetic Disorders ◽  
Positive Family History ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
High Rate ◽  
Idiopathic Epilepsy ◽  
Cns Infection ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Cross Sectional

Background: Epilepsy is a common neurological disorder affecting around 1% of children. The incidence in Sudan is likely to be higher given the high rate of genetic disorders related to consanguity and acquired disorders caused by CNS infection and birth injury. Epilepsy can be idiopathic or non-idiopathic, symptomatic epilepsy indicates a known cause while cryptogenic epilepsy implies a presumed unknown cause. Objective: To understand the demographic and clinical characteristics of epilepsy in children in the setting of a tertiary epilepsy clinic in Khartoum, Sudan. Methods: This is a hospital-based cross sectional study recruiting patients with epilepsy attending a tertiary pediatric neurology clinic. All patients attending the clinic in the 6 month period were included. Data was collected by medical students and was analyzed on IBM SPSS Version 20.0 in a descriptive fashion. Results: 284 Children were recruited. The mean age for children with epilepsy was 5.74 (range 0-12 Years). Females constituted 59.9%; while 94.7% of patients were of low socioeconomic status. The most common type of seizures found were generalized tonic clinic at 51.8% (147/284), followed by focal seizures at 21.1% (60/284). 71% of our patients (201/284) had no identifiable cause (idiopathic), while 29% were non-idiopathic. Of the non-idiopathic group; 41% were due to congenital anomalies, followed by HIE at 24.1%, infections at 16.9% trauma at 10.8% and tumors at 7.2%. Only 18.3% (52/284) had a positive family history of epilepsy. Conclusions: There appears to be a higher incidence of epilepsy in Children with low socio – economic status with a slight female predominance. The incidence of idiopathic epilepsy appears to be similar to inter-national figures. We recommend broader community based and long-term studies for better understanding of epilepsy in Sudan.

scholarly journals Parental Support, Beliefs about Mental Illness, and Mental Help-Seeking among Young Adults in Saudi Arabia

2020 ◽  
Vol 17 (15) ◽  
pp. 5615 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alaa Mahsoon ◽  
Loujain Sharif ◽  
Maram Banakhar ◽  
Nofaa Alasmee ◽  
Esraa Almowallad ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mental Illness ◽  
Young Adults ◽  
Saudi Arabia ◽  
Parental Support ◽  
Help Seeking ◽  
Positive Attitude ◽  
Mental Illnesses ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Convenience Sample ◽  
Beliefs About Mental Illness

Mental illness is not uncommon among young adults, but negative attitudes towards mental disorders and lack of parental support might be associated with hesitancy in seeking professional help. This study aimed to examine the relationships of parental support, beliefs about mental illness, and mental help-seeking among young adults in Saudi Arabia. This quantitative cross-sectional study included a convenience sample of 236 young adults (ages 18–25) with the majority of the total (86.4%) being female. Data were collected via three self-administered questionnaires: The Perceived Parental Support Scale, Beliefs toward Mental Illness scale, and Mental Help Seeking Attitude Scale. Results indicated that the participants had a moderately negative attitude toward mental illness, a moderately positive attitude toward parental support, and a highly positive attitude toward mental help-seeking. No significant relationships were found among the study variables. The study highlights that despite young adults’ positive attitude toward mental help-seeking and parental support, they have negative views toward people with mental illnesses. Educational programs in schools and media are needed to improve attitudes and enhance readiness to interact with people with mental illness.

scholarly journals Maternal factors associated with stillbirth among women in Marsabit County, Kenya

2021 ◽  
Vol 15 (1) ◽  
pp. 1-11
Author(s):  
Badane Amina Wako ◽  
Isabella Epiu ◽  
Samuel Otor
Keyword(s):  
Quantitative Data ◽  
Illicit Drugs ◽  
Public Hospitals ◽  
High Rate ◽  
Insurance Fund ◽  
Maternal Factors ◽  
Maternal Weight ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Factors Associated ◽  
The Government

Background/Aim Stillbirth refers to fetal death occurring at or after 28 weeks of gestation. Worldwide, 130 million babies are born every year and approximately 4 million are stillborn; more than 98% of these deaths occur in developing countries. The government of the Republic of Kenya has put in place several measures, such as the National Health Insurance Fund and Free Child Delivery Programmes for pregnant women, in order to meet the Sustainable Development Goals on health. However, the problem of stillbirth continues to prevail in the country. This study sought to determine maternal factors associated with occurrence of stillbirth in selected hospitals in Marsabit County, Kenya. Methods The study employed a cross-sectional descriptive study design, targeting 387 women who delivered in selected hospitals in Marsabit County, to collect qualitative and quantitative data. Quantitative data were analysed using the Statistical Package for Social Sciences version 24.0 while qualitative data were analysed using N-Vivo software version 11. Inferential statistics were calculated using Chi Square and Fisher's Exact Tests at 95% confidence interval and P<0.05 was considered significant. Results The rate of stillbirth occurrence was 5.9%. Maternal factors significantly associated with the occurrence of stillbirth included antenatal attendance (P=0.031), use of illicit drugs (P=0.041), low maternal weight (P=0.043) and tough domestic work (P=0.004). Conclusions The respondents from Marsabit County experienced relative high rates of stillbirth compared to the national figure. The outcome of delivery was significantly influenced by maternal factors. These results may help address the high rate of stillbirth across the country and improve the delivery outcomes of pregnancies among mothers delivering in public hospitals.

scholarly journals Community attitude towards Community Health Fund on Health Security in Kalambo District, Rukwa Region, Tanzania

2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (2) ◽  
pp. 311
Author(s):  
Alexander D. Kasonso ◽  
Emanuel E. Chingonikaya ◽  
Anna N. Sikira
Keyword(s):  
Community Health ◽  
Positive Attitude ◽  
Service Providers ◽  
Negative Attitude ◽  
Sampling Technique ◽  
Simple Random Sampling ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Health Security ◽  
Health Fund ◽  
The Government

Community Health Fund (CHF) is one among health insurance schemes found in Tanzania. It was established in 1996 with the aim of improving the health of people who work in informal sectors. However, since its formulation, it has not performed well; the majority of HHs are not members, and some members are withdrawing from the scheme. The overall objective was to assess the attitude of community members towards the importance of CHF for health security. Specifically, the paper assesses the attitude towards CHF interventions among members and non-members of CHF and compares the attitude between members and non-members of CHF on health security. Cross sectional research design was used in this study. Simple random sampling technique using the lottery method was employed to select 354 respondents. Data were collected using a household questionnaire survey, Focus Group Discussions guide, Key Informant Interviews checklist and documents’ reviews. Descriptive statistics, inferential statistics and content analysis were used to analyze the data. The findings show that CHF has inclusive benefits to its members as it covers costs of health treatment rather than paying money every time they attend medical treatments. Furthermore, the attitude towards CHF among members and non-members was accounted for 9.3% and 51.9 negative, 2.3% and 4.1 neutral and 88.4 and 44.0 positive. This indicates that the majority of people in the study area had a positive attitude towards CHF services. Thus, the study concludes that a great proportion of members of CHF in Kalambo District have positive attitude towards CHF intervention while the majority of non-members have negative attitude towards CHF intervention because they were not aware of it due to lack of knowledge. It is recommended that the government should mainstream CHF intervention to all communities so that non-members can join the scheme and hence get better health services.  Also, the study recommends that the CHF service providers should put more emphasis on sensitising communities against negative attitudes from non-members of CHF.

scholarly journals MOTHERS KNOWLEDGE RELATED PREVENTIVE MEASURE OF PNEUMONIA IN SLUM COMMUNITY, KARACHI, PAKISTAN

2018 ◽  
Vol 8 (3) ◽  
pp. 156-159
Author(s):  
Adeel Eliyas ◽  
Badil Das Goil ◽  
Shaheen Sherali ◽  
Imran Khan ◽  
Kamran Khan ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Study Participant ◽  
Preventive Measure ◽  
Female Gender ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Mortality And Morbidity ◽  
Number Of Children ◽  
Present Cross Sectional Study ◽  
The Government ◽  
Slum Community

Background: Pneumonia is the leading cause of death of children under five years of age. The considerable number of children having pneumonia has difficulty to reach health services in the appropriate time due to their mother's failure to recognize the seriousness of their infection. Methods: Present cross-sectional study was performed by using a close-ended, adapted questionnaire comprising of 15 closed-ended items. Data was gathered through a convenient sampling method. The calculated sample size was 120 subjects of the female gender. Written consent was taken from each participant before filling of the questionnaire. Data was entered and analyzed in SPSS version 21.00. Results: Out of 120 subjects, 59.2% study participant was illiterate, 51.6% subjects were in the age group of 31 to 41 years. 15.8% of women had fair knowledge whereas 55.5% of women did not have knowledge about pneumonia. And 28.7% of women they did not know what is pneumonia. 60.8 % of respondents were unable to recognize sign and symptoms of pneumonia. Only 19.2% of participants know vaccination of pneumonia should be made essential for children. Conclusion: The study concluded that mother had scanty knowledge of pneumonia its preventive measure, and immunization. The government should also provide awareness through mass media, so that the mortality and morbidity rates can be reduced and many valuable lives can be protected.

scholarly journals Does Multiparity Affect Periodontitis Associated Adverse Pregnancy Outcomes' Awareness?

2021 ◽  
pp. 359-370
Author(s):  
Mohamed Abdelrasoul ◽  
Bashayer Bahamdain ◽  
Raghad Hasanain ◽  
Renad Barayan ◽  
Nada Bugis ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Saudi Arabia ◽  
Pregnancy Outcomes ◽  
Adverse Pregnancy Outcome ◽  
Oral Bacteria ◽  
Adverse Pregnancy Outcomes ◽  
University Education ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Convenience Sample ◽  
Validated Questionnaire ◽  
Adverse Pregnancy

Background: Periodontal disease is a very common, undesirable, and neglected bacterial infection causing destruction of the connective tissue and dental bone support. During pregnancy, the oral bacteria could lead to tissue damage and mediate immune response which can impair the development and fetal growth in the placenta that it may be a risk factor for pre-term birth (before 37 weeks of gestation). The goal of this study to measure the knowledge and awareness of women in Jeddah, Saudi Arabia toward the relation between periodontitis and adverse pregnancy outcome. Methodology: A cross-sectional study was done in Jeddah, Saudi Arabia from January 2020 until November 2021. based on a validated questionnaire developed by the authors. A convenience sample size of 966 women, aged 20-50 years, with a confidence level of 95%, and a 5% margin of error was selected. The questionnaire was divided into three main sections: demographics, knowledge and attitude. Results: The study showed a mean score of awareness of 3.801.26 (54.35 ± 17.98%) while the mean score of attitudes was 1.60 ± 0.98 (39.91 ± 24.42%). There was no statistically significant relationship to age group, nationality, or parity, however, scores were significant to university education level. Conclusion: Learning from previous multigravidas did not influence knowledge and awareness towards adverse pregnancy outcomes associated with PD.

Comparison of the psychological health of students at the higher institutes of nursing and health techniques: A Moroccan multicentre study

2021 ◽  
pp. 002076402110621
Author(s):  
Ali Ikrou ◽  
Sam Gnanapragasam ◽  
Redouane Abouqal ◽  
Jihane Belayachi
Keyword(s):  
Psychological Distress ◽  
Academic Success ◽  
Nursing Students ◽  
Psychological Health ◽  
General Health Questionnaire ◽  
Female Gender ◽  
Sociodemographic Factors ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Convenience Sample

Background: Mental health is essential to students’ academic success as well as their ability to participate fully and meaningfully throughout all aspects of their lives and throughout their lifespan. Aims: This study aims to determine the psychological health status of Moroccan nursing and technique health students. In doing so, it also seeks to compare differences based on sociodemographic factors. Method: A multicenter cross-sectional study with a convenience sample was conducted with 2,054 participants in the academic year of 2018/2019. A set of socio-demographic information were collected, and The General Health Questionnaire-12 (GHQ-12) was used. Results: The mean GHQ-12 score was 4.33 ± 2.61, and 58.7% respondents scored 4 and above in the GHQ-12 scores and thus were considered to be in psychological distress. Students’ psychological distress was associated with female gender (60.4% for female compared to 52.4% for men, p = .003); living in parental residence (61.6% compared to 54.7% living away parental residence; p = .02 ), the second and the third training level year respectively (64.6%; 59.2%) compared to first-year (55.2%, p = .001), and midwifery and nursing students (61.6%; 60.3%) as compared to technique health students (43.6%, p = .001). Conclusions: It appears that a substantial number of students have psychological distress and this is likely to have negative effects on students’ educational attainment and wider wellbeing.

Informal caregivers of older Muslims diagnosed with cancer: A portrait of depression, social support, and faith

2021 ◽  
pp. 1-7
Author(s):  
Lea Baider ◽  
Gil Goldzweig ◽  
Jeremy M. Jacobs ◽  
Ibtisam M. Ghrayeb ◽  
Eli Sapir ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Social Support ◽  
Informal Caregivers ◽  
Depression Scale ◽  
Female Gender ◽  
Well Being ◽  
World Population ◽  
Optimal Care ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Convenience Sample ◽  
The World

Abstract Objective Islamic population constitute more than 20% of the world population and is growing rapidly. Nevertheless, data concerning informal caregiving to older Muslim patients diagnosed with cancer are scarce. Improving the well-being of caregivers is a vital step to optimal care for the patients themselves throughout the Muslim community and the world. This study focuses on a sample of Palestinian caregivers of older Muslim patients diagnosed with cancer living in East Jerusalem, the West Bank, and Gaza. The study aims to describe the socio-demographic characteristics of the caregivers and to understand their social support, and identify predictors of caregivers’ depression. Methods A cross-sectional study of a convenience sample of 99 dyads of Palestinian patients (age ≥65) and their informal caregivers. Depression and social support were measured using the five items of the Geriatric Depression Scale and the Cancer Perceived Agents of Social Support questionnaire. Results Caregivers were most frequently adult children (52%) or spouses (32%), with male patients cared for by spouses (47.5%) or sons (32%), and female patients by daughters (50%). Clinical levels of depression were reported by 76% of the caregivers and 85% of patients. The significant predictors of caregiver depression were female gender, lower education, lower perceived social support from spouse and family, and higher perceived support from faith. Significance of results Healthcare providers serving the study population should determine the position and role of the caregiver within the social and family structure surrounding the patients’ families. This understanding may facilitate overcoming barriers to effective and meaningful social support.

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