scholarly journals Hippocampal Brain Derived Neurothropic Factor Levels in Response to Anaerobic Physical Exercises

2017 ◽  
Vol 6 (2) ◽  
pp. 134
Author(s):  
Mohammad Zulkarnain ◽  
Rostika Flora ◽  
Juliastuti Juliastuti ◽  
Anita Apriany ◽  
Dewi Pujiana ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Physical Exercise ◽  
Cognitive Functions ◽  
Wistar Rat ◽  
Treadmill Running ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Bdnf Level ◽  
Treatment Groups ◽  
Physical Exercises ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Post Test

Anaerobic physical exercise does not only improve body fitness, but it also increases cognitive functions. The increase of cognitive functions is mediated by the increase of Brain Derived Neurothropic Factor (BDNF) level. Several studies revealed that anaerobic physical exercise can increase the BDNF level inhippocampal tissues. However, it is still questionable whether or notthe frequency of exercise influences the production of BDNF inhippocampal tissues. This study was to find out the BDNF mean level inhippocampal tissue of Wistarrats which were treated with anaerobic physical exercises conducted in different frequencies.This study used post test only control groupdesign. The research subject was 28 rats of Rattusnorvegicus strain wistar divided into 4 groups; 1 control group and 3 treatment groups (one-time, three-time, and five times a week treatment). The anaerobic physical exercise used animal treadmill running in the speed of 35m/min for 20 minutes at four-minute intervals. The mean levels of BDNF were increased in all treatment groups compared with control group (151.588 vs 57.059). The highest mean level of hippocampal tissue BDNF was found in the treatment group of three times a week (177.701). There was a significant difference in BDNF mean levels of Wistar rat brain tissues among the treatment groups.

scholarly journals Hippocampal Brain Derived Neurothropic Factor Levels in Response to Anaerobic Physical Exercises

2017 ◽  
Vol 6 (2) ◽  
pp. 136
Author(s):  
Mohammad Zulkarnain ◽  
Rostika Flora ◽  
Juliastuti Juliastuti ◽  
Anita Apriany ◽  
Dewi Pujiana ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Physical Exercise ◽  
Cognitive Functions ◽  
Wistar Rat ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Bdnf Level ◽  
Treatment Groups ◽  
Physical Exercises ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Post Test ◽  
The Mean

Anaerobic physical exercise does not only improve body fitness, but it also increases cognitive functions. The increase of cognitive functions is mediated by the increase of <em>Brain Derived Neurothropic Factor</em> (BDNF) level. Several studies revealed that anaerobic physical exercise can increase the BDNF level inhippocampal tissues. However, it is still questionable whether or notthe frequency of exercise influences the production of BDNF inhippocampal tissues. This study was to find out the BDNF mean level inhippocampal tissue of Wistarrats which were treated with anaerobic physical exercisesconducted in different frequencies.This study used <em>post test only control groupdesign. </em>The research subject was 28 rats of<em>Rattusnorvegicus strain wistar</em>divided into 4 groups; 1 control group and 3 treatment groups (one-time, three-time, and five times a week treatment). The anaerobic physical exercise used <em>animal treadmill</em>running in the speed of 35m/min for 20 minutes at four-minute intervals. The mean levels of BDNF were increased in all treatment groups compared with control group (151.588 vs 57.059). The highest mean level of hippocampal tissue BDNF was found in the treatment group of three times a week (177.701). There was a significant difference in BDNF mean levels of Wistar rat brain tissues among the treatment groups.<p> </p>

scholarly journals Ujitoksisitasakut ekstrakbatangpisangambon(Musa paradisiacavar sapientum) terhadap hati mencit (Mus musculus) dengan parameter LD (Acute toxicity test of ambonese banana (Musa paradisiaca var sapientum) stem extract in liver of mice (Mus musculus) with LD 50 parameters 50

2014 ◽  
Vol 13 (2) ◽  
pp. 86
Author(s):  
Hendrik Setia Budi ◽  
Ira Arundina ◽  
Retno Indrawati ◽  
Leonita Widyana Mahardikasari
Keyword(s):  
Wound Healing ◽  
Mus Musculus ◽  
Toxicity Test ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Treatment Groups ◽  
Musa Paradisiaca ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Post Test ◽  
Stem Extract ◽  
Banana Stem

The sap of ambonese banana (Musa paradisiaca var sapientum) contain flavonoids, saponins, tannins which have beenwidely used by people in Trunyan Bali as traditional medicine on wound healing, and it has been reported as apotential wound healing after tooth extraction. The aim of this research was to determine the level of safety of usingherbal medicine, ambonese banana stem extract on histopatology liver of mice with LDparameters. This experimentalstudy was performed bythe post test only controlled group design. The sample were 28 mice (Mus musculus) randomlydivided into 4 groups. K group as control group was given aquadest. P1, P2, and P3, as treatment groups were givenambonese banana stem extract with dose 0.42g/20gbw, 2.1g/20gbw, 4.2g/20gbw. The extract was given per-oral withsonde on the first day. On day 3, the mice were terminated, and the livers were microscopically histopathological observed. The observed at 3th50 day, there were no deaths in every groups of mice (K, P1, P2, and P3) on the third day observation. Kruskal Wallis test showed there was not significant difference in histopathological appearance on liverof mice (p=0.771). It wasconcluded that the maximumsafety dose that can still be administered is 0.42g/20gbw followingthe LDparameter. Theacute toxicity test of ambonese banana stem extract did not show necrosis on liver but it showedthe highest simple degeneration than all groups which were given 0.42g/20gbw dose.

scholarly journals Fostering Students’ Retention in Photosynthesis Using Concept Mapping and Cooperative Mastery Learning Instructional Strategies

2022 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
pp. 103-116
Author(s):  
Emmanuel Bizimana ◽  
Dieudonné Mutangana ◽  
Adrian Mwesigye
Keyword(s):  
Instructional Strategies ◽  
Concept Mapping ◽  
Mastery Learning ◽  
Analysis Of Covariance ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Treatment Groups ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Post Test ◽  
Quasi Experimental ◽  
Equivalent Control

<p style="text-align: justify;">The performance in biology at the secondary level has not been as good as expected. This has been a matter of concern. Thus, there has been a continuous focus on exploring newer innovative learner-centered and friendly instructional strategies to enhance understanding and retention in biology. This study, therefore, determined the effects of Concept Mapping (CM) and Cooperative Mastery Learning (CML) on fostering retention in photosynthesis among secondary schools in Nyamagabe district, Rwanda. A pre-test and post-test non-equivalent control group quasi-experimental design was used. Data were obtained from 151 students taught with CM, 144 students taught with CML, and 154 students taught with Conventional Teaching Methods (CTM). The Photosynthesis Retention Test (KR-21= 0.82) was used for data collection. The data were mainly analyze d using mean and Analysis of Covariance (ANCOVA). The results showed that the CM and CML treatment groups outperformed the CTM group in retention in photosynthesis. There was a statistically significant difference in favor of the CM between the two experimental groups. The male and female students taught using CM retained equally in photosynthesis while gender difference was revealed in the mean retention scores of the students exposed to the CML, with females retained significantly higher than males. The study concluded that the CM and CML strategies were more effective than CTM. It was suggested, among other things, that teachers should be encouraged to apply CM and CML strategies when teaching biology.</p>

scholarly journals Fifty percent of food restriction during gestation reduced the dendritic density of cerebrum and cerebellum of Rattus norvegicus newborn

2019 ◽  
Vol 26 (3) ◽  
pp. 112
Author(s):  
Anwar Fauzi ◽  
Widjiati Widjiati ◽  
Hermanto T Joewono
Keyword(s):  
Rattus Norvegicus ◽  
Food Restriction ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Control Group Design ◽  
Treatment Groups ◽  
Group Design ◽  
Treatment Models ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Post Test ◽  
Single Blind

Objectives: To analyze the influence of 50 percent food  restriction during pregnancy to the dendritic density of cerebellum and cerebellum of newborn Rattus norvegicus.Materials and Methods: Laboratory experimental study with single blind randomized post-test only control group design using animal model; pregnant Rattus norvegicus as treatment models. Subjects were divided into two groups: control group and treatment group which was exposed to 50% food restriction (FR 50%). At day 21, both group sacrificed and the cerebrum and cerebelum of the offsprings were prepared and stained with silver impregnation. We used parametric independent t-test in analyzing dendritic density.Results: In the cerebrum there was a significant difference in dendritic density between control (4.98+2.17) and treatment (2.69+0.76) groups with p=0.001 (p<0.05). In the cerebellum there was ALSO a significant difference in dendritic density between control (7.37+2.23) and treatment groups (3.01+0.64) with p=0.000 (p<0.05).Conclusions: The dendritic density of cerebrum and cerebellum of newborn Rattus norvegicusexposed to 50 percent of food restriction during pregnancy  were lower than control. 

scholarly journals Perbedaan Penurunan Suhu Tubuh Tikus Wistar Jantan Dan Betina Yang Mati Akibat Diinduksi Metanol

2021 ◽  
Vol 4 (2) ◽  
pp. 51
Author(s):  
Abdul Hakim Nitiprodjo ◽  
Titik Kusumawinakhyu
Keyword(s):  
Body Temperature ◽  
Wistar Rats ◽  
Wistar Rat ◽  
The Body ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Control Group Design ◽  
Male And Female ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Post Test ◽  
Female Wistar Rats

Someone who dies will experience a decrease in body temperature from body temperature at the beginning of death, both within normal and abnormal limits to room temperature. Decrease in body temperature according to sex may differ in duration. Coupled with exposure to methanol, it is also possible to influence a decrease in body temperature of the corpse. This study aimed to analyze the differences in body temperature reduction in male and female Wistar rats  induced with methanol.This research is an experimental study with a pre and post test control group design approach. The design of this study was to observe the body temperature of male and female Wistar rats while still alive and after death and the duration of decrease in body temperature of male and female Wistar mice after being induced with methanol. The population studied was male and female Wistar rat. Based on the results from analysis test, it can be concluded that there is no significant difference between the decrease in body temperature of male and female Wistar rats that died induced by methanol, but there is a significant difference between the decrease in body temperature of male and female Wistar rats who died induced by methanol and without methanol.

Subchronic Treatment of Combination Extract Detam 1 Soybean and Jati Belanda Leaves has No Toxic Effect on Function, Weight, and Histopathological of Wistar Rat Kidney

2016 ◽  
Vol 1 (4) ◽  
Author(s):  
Meilinah Hidayat ◽  
Sijani Prahastuti ◽  
Vibiola Chikita ◽  
Dewi Safitri ◽  
Siti F. Rahmawati ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Kidney Function ◽  
Rat Kidney ◽  
Ethanol Extract ◽  
Wistar Rat ◽  
Good Effect ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Test Results ◽  
Treatment Groups ◽  
Subchronic Treatment ◽  
Significant Difference

The combination of Detam 1 soybean and Jati Belanda leaves proved to have effect of weight loss. Since it will become longterm using, toxicity effectvresearch is needed.  This study was conducted to determine the effect of subchronic combination of ethanol extract of soybean Detam 1 (EEDS) and Jati belanda (EEJB) on kidney function, with parameters: urea and creatinine, macroscopic and histopathological of kidney. This study were conducted on 120 Wistar rats (60 males, 60 females), 90 days (treatment group) and 120 days (satellite group). Rats were divided into six treatment groups. Test results of urea and creatinine levels of all treatment groups was lower than control group (p <0.05). The treatment turned out to have a good effect on kidney function. Kidney weight of all groups showed no significant difference with the control group (p> 0.05). Histopathological score interpretation’s result of low dose group male and female kidney rats were not disturbed. In conclusion, the combination of EEDS and EEJB  have a good effect on kidney function, did  not lead to changes in organ weight and at low doses did not cause disturbance of  renal histopathology. Key words: combination of soybean jati Belanda, subchronic treatment, kidney function, kidney’s  weight, kidney’s histopathology

scholarly journals PENGARUH LATIHAN TERATUR TERHADAP DIAMETER SERAT OTOT JANTUNG TIKUS WISTAR

2019 ◽  
Vol 9 (1) ◽  
pp. 68
Author(s):  
Prayogi Dwi Darsana ◽  
Rias Gesang Kinanti ◽  
Desiana Merawati
Keyword(s):  
Heart Muscle ◽  
Combined Treatment ◽  
Wistar Rat ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Regular Exercise ◽  
Exercise Frequency ◽  
Test Analysis ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Post Test ◽  
Treatment Observation

ABSTRACT: This research is very useful to know exercise to diametercardiomyocyte hypertrophy of wistar rat. The experimental method usingexperimental laboratories with a succe design randomized the post testcontrol group only design. Samples were white rattus norvegicus wistarmale rats of 10 males, divided into two groups (K1: Regular Exercise andK2: Control). Combined treatment with regular exercise frequency 3 timesa week, and moderate 20 minutes / day with an additional 3% of initialbody weight, do at 7:00 pm to 2:00 pm for 8 weeks, and with a 30ºC pooltemperature treatment. Observation of histology of heart muscle as muchas 5 field width with 400x enlargement on microscope randomly selected.The result of paired T-Test Analysis shows sig = 0,570 <0,01. Inconclusion there was a significant difference between the group of regularexercise and the control group on the magnification of diameter on leftventricular heart muscle fibers of wistar rats.Keyword: regular exercise, hypertrophy myocardial, wistar ratsABSTRAK: Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui pengaruhsignifikan latihan teratur terhadap pembesaran diameter serat otot jantung.Penelitian experimental laboratories dengan rancangan randomize controlgroup post test only design menggunakan sampel tikus putih jenis rattusnorvegicus wistar, berjenis kelamin jantan, sebanyak 10 ekor, terbagimenjadi dua kelompok (K1: Latihan teratur dan K2: Kontrol). Perlakuanberupa renang dengan frekuensi latihan teratur 3 kali seminggu dan kontroltanpa perlakuan, intensitas moderat, dan durasi 20 menit/tikus dengantambahan beban 3% dari berat badan awal, dilakukan pada pukul 19.00-22.00 selama 8 minggu, dan dengan memperhatikan suhu kolam 30ºC.Pengamatan gambaran histologi otot jantung sebanyak 5 luas lapangpandang dengan pembesaran 400x pada mikroskop dipilih secara acak.Hasil analisa Uji-T berpasangan menunjukkan tingkat sig = 0,570 < 0,01.Kesimpulannya terdapat perbedaan yang signifikan antara kelompoklatihan teratur dan kelompok kontrol terhadap pembesaran diameter padaserat otot jantung ventrikel kiri tikus wistar.Kata kunci: latihan teratur, pembesaran otot jantung, tikus wistar

scholarly journals Different types of bhastrika pranayama: repeated measures trials with different treatments to study the trend of the effects on static balance ability

2017 ◽  
Vol 18 (4) ◽  
Author(s):  
Rajeev Choudhary ◽  
Vineeta Singh ◽  
Krzysztof Stec ◽  
Lesław Kulmatycki ◽  
Tilak Raj Meena
Keyword(s):  
Repeated Measures ◽  
Male Students ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Static Balance ◽  
Treatment Groups ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Different Types ◽  
Post Test ◽  
Balance Ability

AbstractPurpose. The objective of the study was to find out the trend of the effects of 4 varieties of bhastrika pranayama on static balance ability. Methods. The total of 75 male students were selected as subjects. The age of the subjects ranged 17-25 years. The participants were divided randomly into 5 groups, 15 students each. They practiced 4 varieties of bhastrika pranayama. Results. Quadratic components for overall trends were found significant in static balance ability. A significant difference was observed between linear components of the trends for the treatment groups and the control group in static balance ability. Also, a significant difference was noted between quadratic components of the trends for the treatment groups and the control group as for static balance ability. Conclusions. There was a significant difference among the adjusted post-test means of 4 experimental groups and the control group in static balance ability.

scholarly journals The Effect of Music Therapy on Pain The Level of Postoperative Patients' with Caesarean Section at Islamic Hospital A.Yani, Surabaya

2015 ◽  
Vol 5 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Nanik Handayani
Keyword(s):  
Treatment Group ◽  
Caesarean Section ◽  
Music Therapy ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Pain Level ◽  
Pharmacological Management ◽  
Treatment Groups ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Post Test ◽  
Test Control

Pain is the most common effects in patients after undergoing surgery of Caesarean section. Pain management using pharmacological and non pharmacological management, one of non-pharmacological management is using music therapy The purpose of this study was to analyze the effect of music therapy on pain level of postoperative patients' with Caesarean section. The type of study is analytic with True Experimental type with Pre Post Test Control Group Design done by Random Allocation. The study population is post-operative Caesarean section mothers who are hospitalized in Surabaya Islamic Hospital Surabaya Jl. A Yani since May 2011. The Sample are some populations above mentioned with amount of 24 respondents, 12 respondents as a control and 12 respondents were given music therapy. The Sampling technique uses Consecutive Sampling. Independent variable is music therapy and dependent variable is pain level. The instrument used to measure the independent variables is a check sheet lists while the dependent variable is Descriptive Pain Intensity Scale. To analyze the changes of pain level in the control group and the treatment used Paired T Test, the result showed that values of ρ is 0.166 or (ρ > 0.05), so there is no significant change of pain level on a pre test and post test control group, whereas in treatment group obtained value of ρ is 0.000 or (ρ < 0.05), so there is a significant change of pain level on a pre test and post test. To analyze differences of pain levels in control group and treatment group is used Independent T Test. The results of study got value of ρ is 0.807 (ρ > 0.05). So there is no significant difference of pain level pre test in control and treatment groups, while the post test value of ρ is 0.024 (ρ < 0.05). So there is a significant difference of pain level post test in control and treatment groups. So it can be conclude that there is influence of music therapy toward pain levels of postoperative patients of Caesarean section. Music therapy is expected to be used as a Complementary Therapy to reduce pain at the incision Caesarean section.

scholarly journals Pengaruh C-Phycocyanin Terhadap Kadar Soluble Glikoprotein (Sgp130) Pada Trofoblas Tikus Wistar Yang Dipapar Interleukin-6 (IL-6)

2018 ◽  
Vol 6 (1) ◽  
pp. 23
Author(s):  
Elizabeth Haryanti ◽  
Harry K Gondo
Keyword(s):  
Treatment Group ◽  
Interleukin 6 ◽  
Wistar Rats ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Placental Development ◽  
Successful Pregnancy ◽  
Treatment Groups ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Post Test ◽  
One Way Anova

The placenta is a joint organ of the uterus surface mother and fetus. One of cytokines of the placenta is IL-6 which is essential for normal placental development and successful pregnancy. Sgp130 binds Interleukin-6-sIL-6R complex, so Interleukin-6 signal cannot be passed on. Both factors play an important role in pre-eclampsia which has high levels of IL-6 and sgp130. They are expected to be suppressed by administration of C-phycocyanin. The aim of this study to prove effect of C-phycocyanin on sgp130 levels among wistar rats’ trophoblasts exposed to IL-6. The design of the study was Experiment, Post Test Only Control, analyse with One way Anova. The samples were 25 rats divided four treatment groups. Dose of C-Phycocyanin (10mg, 20mg, 40mg). The results significant difference between control and treatment group IL-6, IL-6 + CPC10, IL-6 + CPC20. But there was no significant difference between control group and IL-6 + CPC40, sig value. 0.214 (sig. <0.05). Conclusion. There is an effect of C-Phycocyanin on Sgp130 levels in wistar rats’ trophoblasts exposed to IL-6 at a dose of C-Phycocyanin 40mg.  

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