Feasibility of Using Vitamin E-Loaded Poly(ε-caprolactone)/Gelatin Nanofibrous Mat to Prevent Oxidative Stress in Skin

Some occupational skin exposures lead to the formation of reactive oxygen species (ROS). The occupational exposure of workers to ROS has been found to be associated with an increased risk of developing skin injuries; therefore, it is essential to protect skin against ROS formation. Recently, some studies have been conducted on introducing better alternatives for skin protection. Nanofibers are good candidates for this purpose. The current study was carried out to assess vitamin E-loaded hybrid Poly(ε-caprolactone) (PCL)/gelatin (Gt) nanofibres mats as protective layers of skin exposed to occupational exposures. Vitamin E (VE) was successfully incorporated into PCL/Gt nanofibers while they were formed by electrospinning method. Nanofibers mats were characterized using scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR). Their degradation behavior, in vitro release, biocompatibility, and antioxidant activity were studied. The diameters of the PCL/Gt/VE nanofibers decreased with the addition of vitamin E. The degradation rate of nanofibers was equal to 42.98 and 50.69% during 7 and 14 days, respectively. Nanofibers containing vitamin E showed an initial burst followed by a sustained release. The PCL/Gt/VE nanofibers exhibited good free radical scavenging activities despite being exposed to a high electrical potential during electrospinning. PCL/Gt/VE nanofibers supported a higher level of viability compared to PCL/Gt ones and significantly assisted human skin cells against tert-Butyl hydroperoxide (t-BHP) induced oxidative stress. Overall, PCL/Gt/VE nanofibers can potentially be used to protect skin against oxidative stress as a novel approach for worker’s healthcare.

Download Full-text

Uremic Toxins and Their Relation with Oxidative Stress Induced in Patients with CKD

International Journal of Molecular Sciences ◽

10.3390/ijms22126196 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 22 (12) ◽

pp. 6196

Author(s):

Anna Pieniazek ◽

Joanna Bernasinska-Slomczewska ◽

Lukasz Gwozdzinski

Keyword(s):

Oxidative Stress ◽

Uremic Toxins ◽

Water Medium ◽

Induce Insulin Resistance ◽

Risk Of Mortality ◽

Increased Risk ◽

Stage Renal Disease ◽

End Stage

The presence of toxins is believed to be a major factor in the development of uremia in patients with chronic kidney disease (CKD) and end-stage renal disease (ESRD). Uremic toxins have been divided into 3 groups: small substances dissolved in water, medium molecules: peptides and low molecular weight proteins, and protein-bound toxins. One of the earliest known toxins is urea, the concentration of which was considered negligible in CKD patients. However, subsequent studies have shown that it can lead to increased production of reactive oxygen species (ROS), and induce insulin resistance in vitro and in vivo, as well as cause carbamylation of proteins, peptides, and amino acids. Other uremic toxins and their participation in the damage caused by oxidative stress to biological material are also presented. Macromolecules and molecules modified as a result of carbamylation, oxidative stress, and their adducts with uremic toxins, may lead to cardiovascular diseases, and increased risk of mortality in patients with CKD.

Download Full-text

In Vitro and In Vivo Antioxidant Properties of Taraxacum officinale in Nω-Nitro-l-Arginine Methyl Ester (L-NAME)-Induced Hypertensive Rats

Antioxidants ◽

10.3390/antiox8080309 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 8 (8) ◽

pp. 309

Author(s):

Olukayode O. Aremu ◽

Adebola O. Oyedeji ◽

Opeoluwa O. Oyedeji ◽

Benedicta N. Nkeh-Chungag ◽

Constance R. Sewani Rusike

Keyword(s):

Oxidative Stress ◽

Free Radical ◽

Methyl Ester ◽

Leaf Extract ◽

Radical Scavenging ◽

Free Radical Scavenging ◽

Hypertensive Rats ◽

Total Antioxidant

Oxidative stress has gained attention as one of the fundamental mechanisms responsible for the development of hypertension. The present study investigated in vitro and in vivo antioxidant effects of 70% ethanol-water (v/v) leaf and root extracts of T. officinale (TOL and TOR, respectively). Total phenolic and flavonoid content of plant extracts were assessed using Folin Ciocalteau and aluminium chloride colorimetric methods; while, 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrlhydrazyl (DPPH), 2,2-azinobis (3-ethylbenzothiazoline-6-sulfonic acid (ABTS) and ferric reducing antioxidant power (FRAP) protocols were used to determine the free radical scavenging and total antioxidant capacities (TAC), respectively. The in vivo total antioxidant capacity and malondialdehyde acid (MDA) levels for lipid peroxidation tests were performed on organ homogenate samples from Nω-nitro-L-arginine methyl ester (L-NAME)-induced hypertensive rats treated with leaf extract, TOL (500 mg/kg/day) and TOR (500 mg/kg/day) for 21 days. Results showed that compared to TOR, TOL possessed significantly higher (p < 0.01) polyphenol (4.35 ± 0.15 compared to 1.14 ± 0.01) and flavonoid (23.17 ± 0.14 compared to 3 ± 0.05) content; free radical scavenging activity (EC50 0.37 compared to 1.34 mg/mL) and total antioxidant capacities (82.56% compared to 61.54% ABTS, and 156 ± 5.28 compared to 40 ± 0.31 FRAP) and both extracts showed no toxicity (LD50 > 5000 mg/kg). TOL and TOR significantly (p < 0.01) elevated TAC and reduced MDA levels in targets organs. In conclusion, T. officinale leaf extract possesses significant anti-oxidant effects which conferred significant in vivo antioxidant protection against free radical-mediated oxidative stress in L-NAME-induced hypertensive rats.

Download Full-text

A Comparative Study of the Antioxidative Effects of Helichrysum italicum and Helichrysum arenarium Infusions

Antioxidants ◽

10.3390/antiox10030380 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 10 (3) ◽

pp. 380

Author(s):

Katja Kramberger ◽

Zala Jenko Pražnikar ◽

Alenka Baruca Arbeiter ◽

Ana Petelin ◽

Dunja Bandelj ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Oxidative Stress ◽

High Performance ◽

Radical Scavenging Activity ◽

Radical Scavenging ◽

Morphological Type ◽

Mass Spectrometry Analysis ◽

In Vitro Assays ◽

Spectrometry Analysis ◽

Stress Related Genes

Helichrysum arenarium (L.) Moench (abbrev. as HA) has a long tradition in European ethnomedicine and its inflorescences are approved as a herbal medicinal product. In the Mediterranean part of Europe, Helichrysum italicum (Roth) G. Don (abbrev. as HI) is more common. Since infusions from both plants are traditionally used, we aimed to compare their antioxidative potential using in vitro assays. Two morphologically distinct HI plants, HIa and HIb, were compared to a commercially available HA product. Genetic analysis using microsatellites confirmed a clear differentiation between HI and HA and suggested that HIb was a hybrid resulting from spontaneous hybridization from unknown HI subspecies. High-performance liquid chromatography–mass spectrometry analysis showed the highest amounts of hydroxycinnamic acids and total arzanol derivatives in HIa, whereas HIb was richest in monohydroxybenzoic acids, caffeic acids, and coumarins, and HA contained the highest amounts of flavonoids, especially flavanones. HIa exhibited the highest radical scavenging activity; it was more efficient in protecting different cell lines from induced oxidative stress and in inducing oxidative stress-related genes superoxide dismutase 1, catalase, and glutathione reductase 1. The antioxidative potential of HI was not only dependent on the morphological type of the plant but also on the harvest date, revealing important information for obtaining the best possible product. Considering the superior properties of HI compared to HA, the evaluation of HI as a medicinal plant could be recommended.

Download Full-text

Vitamin E-Coated Dialyzer Inhibits Oxidative Stress

Blood Purification ◽

10.1159/000478971 ◽

2017 ◽

Vol 44 (4) ◽

pp. 288-293 ◽

Cited By ~ 4

Author(s):

Shiho Yamadera ◽

Yuya Nakamura ◽

Masahiro Inagaki ◽

Isao Ohsawa ◽

Hiromichi Gotoh ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Oxidative Stress ◽

Vitamin E ◽

Synthetic Polymer ◽

Intracellular Reactive Oxygen Species ◽

Ros Production ◽

Oxygen Species ◽

In Vitro Methods ◽

Stress Effects ◽

Intracellular Ros

Aim: To examine the effects of vitamin E-coated dialyzer on oxidative stress in vitro. Methods: A dialyzer with a synthetic polymer membrane (APS-11SA) and vitamin E-coated dialyzer (VPS-11SA) were connected to a blood tubing line, and U937 cells were circulated in the device. The circulating fluid was collected at 1, 2, 5, 10, 25, and 50 cycles, which are estimated numbers of passes through the dialyzer. Intracellular reactive oxygen species (ROS) production, malondialdehyde (MDA), and Cu/Zn-superoxide dismutase (SOD) were quantified. Results: Intracellular ROS production was increased in the first cycle by APS-11SA and was decreased throughout the experiment by VPS-11SA. Intracellular ROS production in the VPS-11SA device was lower, and MDA levels were decreased. MDA levels were lower during VPS-11SA processing than during APS-11SA processing. Cu/Zn-SOD levels remained unchanged. Conclusion: Our results highlight anti-oxidative-stress effects of a vitamin E-coated dialyzer.

Download Full-text

8. Evaluation of Snow Fungus Polysaccharides on benzo[a]pyrene-induced DNA Damage

Inquiry@Queen's Undergraduate Research Conference Proceedings ◽

10.24908/iqurcp.10074 ◽

2018 ◽

Author(s):

Daisy Liu

Keyword(s):

Oxidative Stress ◽

Dna Damage ◽

Free Radical ◽

Radical Scavenging ◽

Chinese Hamster ◽

Negative Control ◽

Lung Fibroblasts ◽

Protective Effects ◽

Tremella Fuciformis

Snow fungus, Tremella fuciformis, has been demonstrated to have numerous health benefits including purported chemopreventive properties due to free radical-scavenging ability. Protective effects derived from snow fungus polysaccharides are evaluated on Chinese hamster lung fibroblasts (CCL-39) exposed to carcinogen benzo[a]pyrene known to cause free radical formation and oxidative stress to cells. In this experiment, it was hypothesized that the naturally occurring polysaccharides in snow fungus are able to protect against or reduce oxidative stress-induced DNA damage. Polysaccharides were isolated through an alkaline extraction and in-vitro digestion. DNA damage was measured using the single-cell gel electrophoresis comet assay after exposure to benzo[a]pyrene and polysaccharide extract to lung fibroblasts. Results were calculated using the mean and standard deviation data of tail length and area, respectively. Each damaged cell was measured and analyzed through ImageJ Editing Software. The results indicate a promising trend which depict snow fungus polysaccharides yielding lower levels of DNA damage compared to cells exposed to benzo[a]pyrene and compared to the negative control (phosphate buffered saline and Dulbecco’s cell medium). This study suggests polysaccharides from Tremella fuciformis could truly prevent cellular DNA damage by protecting against oxidative stress.

Download Full-text

Antioxidative 1,4-Dihydropyridine Derivatives Modulate Oxidative Stress and Growth of Human Osteoblast-Like Cells In Vitro

Antioxidants ◽

10.3390/antiox7090123 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 7 (9) ◽

pp. 123 ◽

Cited By ~ 8

Author(s):

Lidija Milkovic ◽

Tea Vukovic ◽

Neven Zarkovic ◽

Franz Tatzber ◽

Egils Bisenieks ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Oxidative Stress ◽

Cell Growth ◽

Cell Model ◽

Second Messengers ◽

Human Osteoblast ◽

Tert Butyl Hydroperoxide ◽

Human Stress ◽

Set Up ◽

Dihydropyridine Derivatives

Oxidative stress has been implicated in pathophysiology of different human stress- and age-associated disorders, including osteoporosis for which antioxidants could be considered as therapeutic remedies as was suggested recently. The 1,4-dihydropyridine (DHP) derivatives are known for their pleiotropic activity, with some also acting as antioxidants. To find compounds with potential antioxidative activity, a group of 27 structurally diverse DHPs, as well as one pyridine compound, were studied. A group of 11 DHPs with 10-fold higher antioxidative potential than of uric acid, were further tested in cell model of human osteoblast-like cells. Short-term combined effects of DHPs and 50 µM H2O2 (1-h each), revealed better antioxidative potential of DHPs if administered before a stressor. Indirect 24-h effect of DHPs was evaluated in cells further exposed to mild oxidative stress conditions induced either by H2O2 or tert-butyl hydroperoxide (both 50 µM). Cell growth (viability and proliferation), generation of ROS and intracellular glutathione concentration were evaluated. The promotion of cell growth was highly dependent on the concentrations of DHPs used, type of stressor applied and treatment set-up. Thiocarbatone III-1, E2-134-1 III-4, Carbatone II-1, AV-153 IV-1, and Diethone I could be considered as therapeutic agents for osteoporosis although further research is needed to elucidate their bioactivity mechanisms, in particular in respect to signaling pathways involving 4-hydroxynoneal and related second messengers of free radicals.

Download Full-text

Coenzyme Q10, Ageing and the Nervous System: An Overview

Antioxidants ◽

10.3390/antiox11010002 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 11 (1) ◽

pp. 2

Author(s):

David Mantle ◽

Robert A. Heaton ◽

Iain P. Hargreaves

Keyword(s):

Oxidative Stress ◽

Coenzyme Q10 ◽

Neurological Disorders ◽

Neurological Disease ◽

Age Related ◽

Increased Risk ◽

Potential Therapeutic Role ◽

Ageing Brain ◽

And Oxidative Stress

The ageing brain is characterised by changes at the physical, histological, biochemical and physiological levels. This ageing process is associated with an increased risk of developing a number of neurological disorders, notably Alzheimer’s disease and Parkinson’s disease. There is evidence that mitochondrial dysfunction and oxidative stress play a key role in the pathogenesis of such disorders. In this article, we review the potential therapeutic role in these age-related neurological disorders of supplementary coenzyme Q10, a vitamin-like substance of vital importance for normal mitochondrial function and as an antioxidant. This review is concerned primarily with studies in humans rather than in vitro studies or studies in animal models of neurological disease. In particular, the reasons why the outcomes of clinical trials supplementing coenzyme Q10 in these neurological disorders is discussed.

Download Full-text

A novel mitochondrial enriched antioxidant protects neurons against acute oxidative stress

10.1101/109439 ◽

2017 ◽

Author(s):

Nicola J. Drummond ◽

Nick O. Davies ◽

Janet E. Lovett ◽

Mark R. Miller ◽

Graeme Cook ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Oxidative Stress ◽

Cell Damage ◽

Radical Scavenging ◽

Head Group ◽

Neural Cells ◽

Zebrafish Model ◽

Free System ◽

Age Related

AbstractExcessive reactive oxygen species (ROS) can damage proteins, lipids, and DNA, which result in cell damage and death. The outcomes can be acute, as seen in stroke, or more chronic as observed in age-related diseases such as Parkinson’s disease. Here we investigate the antioxidant ability of a novel synthetic flavonoid, Proxison (7-decyl-3-hydroxy-2-(3,4,5-trihydroxyphenyl)-4-chromenone), using a range of in vitro and in vivo approaches. We show that, while it has radical scavenging ability on par with other flavonoids in a cell-free system, Proxison is orders of magnitude more potent than natural flavonoids at protecting neural cells against oxidative stress and is capable of rescuing damaged cells. The unique combination of a lipophilic hydrocarbon tail with a modified polyphenolic head group promotes efficient cellular uptake and mitochondrial localisation of Proxison. Importantly, in vivo administration of Proxison demonstrated effective and well tolerated neuroprotection against oxidative stress in a zebrafish model of dopaminergic neuronal loss.

Download Full-text

In Vitro and In Vivo Antioxidant Activity of the New Magnetic-Cerium Oxide Nanoconjugates

Nanomaterials ◽

10.3390/nano9111565 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 9 (11) ◽

pp. 1565 ◽

Cited By ~ 7

Author(s):

Turin-Moleavin ◽

Fifere ◽

Lungoci ◽

Rosca ◽

Coroaba ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Oxidative Stress ◽

Antioxidant Activity ◽

Iron Oxide ◽

Cerium Oxide ◽

Chemical Activation ◽

Radical Scavenging ◽

Cerium Oxide Nanoparticles ◽

Oxide Nanoparticles

Background. Cerium oxide nanoparticles present the mimetic activity of superoxide dismutase, being able to inactivate the excess of reactive oxygen species (ROS) correlated with a large number of pathologies, such as stents restenosis and the occurrence of genetic mutations that can cause cancer. This study presents the synthesis and biological characterisation of nanoconjugates based on nanoparticles of iron oxide interconnected with cerium oxide conjugates. Methods. The synthesis of magnetite-nanoceria nanoconjugates has been done in several stages, where the key to the process is the coating of nanoparticles with polyethyleneimine and its chemical activation-reticulation with glutaraldehyde. The nanoconjugates are characterised by several techniques, and the antioxidant activity was evaluated in vitro and in vivo. Results. Iron oxide nanoparticles interconnected with cerium oxide nanoparticles were obtained, having an average diameter of 8 nm. Nanoconjugates prove to possess superparamagnetic properties and the saturation magnetisation varies with the addition of diamagnetic components in the system, remaining within the limits of biomedical applications. In vitro free-radical scavenging properties of nanoceria are improved after the coating of nanoparticles with polyethylenimine and conjugation with magnetite nanoparticles. In vivo studies reveal increased antioxidant activity in all organs and fluids collected from mice, which demonstrates the ability of the nanoconjugates to reduce oxidative stress. Conclusion. Nanoconjugates possess magnetic properties, being able to scavenge free radicals, reducing the oxidative stress. The combination of the two properties mentioned above makes them excellent candidates for theranostic applications.

Download Full-text

In Vitro and In Vivo Antioxidant Activity of Agave sisalana Agro-Industrial Residue

Biomolecules ◽

10.3390/biom10101435 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 10 (10) ◽

pp. 1435 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Stella Maria Andrade Gomes Barreto ◽

Cesar Orlando Muñoz Cadavid ◽

Rafael Amir de Oliveira Moura ◽

Giovanna Melo Martins Silva ◽

Samara Vitória Ferreira de Araújo ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Oxidative Stress ◽

Antioxidant Activity ◽

Direct Action ◽

Radical Scavenging ◽

Reducing Power ◽

New Production ◽

Industrial Residue ◽

Agave Sisalana

Agave sisalana agro-industrial residue has considerable potential against damage associated with oxidative stress and skin aging. This study aims to demonstrate, in vitro and in vivo, the potential of Agave sisalana agro-industrial residue as a safe and effective alternative for the prevention of damage caused by oxidative stress and aging. The antioxidant activity was evaluated in vitro (total antioxidant capacity, reducing power, DPPH radical scavenging, metal chelating (Fe2+ and Cu2+), and hydroxyl radical scavenging) and in vivo using the Caenorhabditis elegans organism model. The extract showed in vitro antioxidant activity in all tests performed. Tests with C. elegans showed that the extract was able to reduce the intracellular levels of reactive oxygen species (ROS) and increase the survival rate of worms. A downregulation of gst-4::GFP expression suggests a direct action against free radicals. Agave sisalana agro-industrial residue extract (AsRE) can therefore be considered as a source of antioxidant biomolecules, and the use of this agro-industrial residue in a new production process can lead to sustainability and socioeconomic development.

Download Full-text