Variations in Dental Anxiety among Middle-aged and Elderly Women in Sweden: A Longitudinal Study between 1968 and 1996

1999 ◽  
Vol 78 (10) ◽  
pp. 1655-1661 ◽  
Author(s):  
C. Hägglin ◽  
U. Berggren ◽  
M. Hakeberg ◽  
T. Hallstrom ◽  
C. Bengtsson
Keyword(s):  
Longitudinal Study ◽  
Elderly Women ◽  
Dental Anxiety ◽  
Age Groups ◽  
Cohort Effect ◽  
The Elderly ◽  
Epidemiological Studies ◽  
Older Individuals ◽  
Dental Services ◽  
Cross Sectional

Cross-sectional studies have shown that older individuals are significantly less dentally anxious than younger ones. However, research has not been able to show if this is a cohort effect or an effect of fear declining with age. If it is a cohort effect, dental anxiety among the elderly may pose a greater-than-expected problem for the providers of dental services. With the exception of longitudinal studies in children and a three-year follow-up on adults, no truly longitudinal epidemiological studies concerning dental anxiety have been performed. The aim of this project was to investigate how dental anxiety changes with aging. In a longitudinal population study of women in Goteborg, Sweden, starting in 1968, 1462 women aged 38 to 54 participated. A representative subsample of 778 women took part in a psychiatric examination where an investigation of dental anxiety was included. The same questions were also included when these women were re-examined in 1974,1992, and 1996. Three hundred seventy-five women were still eligible for investigation in 1996. In 1968-69, 48 (12.8%) of the participating women assessed themselves as "very afraid" or "terrified" when visiting the dentist, and in 1996 the frequency was 21 (5.6%) among the same women. In 1968-69, 180 women (48%) reported no dental anxiety when visiting the dentist, and 28 years later the frequency was 230 (61%). In the three youngest age groups, dental anxiety decreased significantly (p < 0.001) over the 28-year period. Older compared with younger women reported significantly less dental anxiety, and this was an age effect rather than a cohort effect. Thus, this longitudinal study supported the hypothesis that dental fear, like many other general and specific phobias, declines with age.

scholarly journals Anthropometry of elderly residents in the city of São Paulo, Brazil

2005 ◽  
Vol 21 (6) ◽  
pp. 1929-1938 ◽  
Author(s):  
Aline R. Barbosa ◽  
José M. P. Souza ◽  
Maria L. Lebrão ◽  
Ruy Laurenti ◽  
Maria de Fátima N. Marucci
Keyword(s):  
Body Mass ◽  
Age Groups ◽  
Household Survey ◽  
The Elderly ◽  
Skinfold Thickness ◽  
Epidemiological Studies ◽  
Sao Paulo ◽  
São Paulo ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
The City

The article presents gender and age-specific selected anthropometric data for a representative sample of elderly Brazilians in the city of São Paulo. This was a cross-sectional, population-based household survey. A total of 1,894 older adults (men and women, > 60 years) were examined from January to March 2001. Data were presented as means and percentiles for body mass (BM); height or stature (ST); body mass index (BMI); waist (WC), hip (HC), arm (AC), and calf (CC) circumferences; triceps skinfold thickness (TST); and arm muscle circumference (AMC), and differences were described according to age (all variables) and gender (BMI). Except for HC (men), all anthropometric variables were lower in the oldest than in the youngest individuals (p < 0.01) in both genders. BMI was significantly higher (p < 0.01) in women than men (all age groups). The observations suggest that there is loss of muscle mass and redistribution and reduction of fat mass with age (both genders). The data can be used in clinical practice and epidemiological studies based on interpretation of anthropometric measurements in the elderly in São Paulo.

scholarly journals Dietary Antioxidant and Flavonoid Intakes Are Reduced in the Elderly

2015 ◽  
Vol 2015 ◽  
pp. 1-8 ◽  
Author(s):  
Małgorzata Elżbieta Zujko ◽  
Anna Maria Witkowska ◽  
Anna Waśkiewicz ◽  
Iwona Mirończuk-Chodakowska
Keyword(s):  
Antioxidant Capacity ◽  
Food Consumption ◽  
Elderly Women ◽  
Middle Age ◽  
Age Groups ◽  
The Elderly ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Dietary Recall ◽  
Nutrient Density

The objective of this study was to determine sources and patterns of antioxidant and flavonoid intakes in the elderly (61–74 yrs) in comparison with young (20–40 yrs) and middle age (41–60 yrs) groups in a cross-sectional study. More than 6000 subjects of both genders, aged 20–74 years, participants of the National Multicenter Health Survey (WOBASZ) took part in this study. Daily food consumption was estimated by the single 24-hour dietary recall. Dietary total antioxidant capacity (TAC) and flavonoid content (FC) were calculated according to the amount of food consumed by the participants combined with antioxidant capacity and flavonoid contents in foods. Food consumption, dietary TAC, and FC were significantly lower in the elderly, especially elderly women in comparison to the young and middle age groups. The consumption of tea, coffee, and apples was associated with the largest contribution to dietary TAC and FC in all participants. Despite high nutrient density of the energy-adjusted diet of ageing people, the elderly consumed the lowest amounts of antioxidants and flavonoids due to the lowest food intake.

scholarly journals Dental Expenditure by Household Income in Korea over the Period 2008–2017: A Review of the National Dental Insurance Reform

2021 ◽  
Vol 18 (8) ◽  
pp. 3859
Author(s):  
Hosung Shin ◽  
Han-A Cho ◽  
Bo-Ra Kim
Keyword(s):  
Health Insurance ◽  
Concentration Index ◽  
Dental Health ◽  
Age Groups ◽  
The Elderly ◽  
Dental Service ◽  
Delta Method ◽  
Dental Services ◽  
Insurance Reform ◽  
Health Insurance Reform

Since 2009, the National Health Insurance in Korea (NHI) has been implementing a series of policies to expand the scope of dental benefits. This study reviewed the changes in co-payments and dental use patterns before (2008 to 2012) and after (2013 to 2017) the NHI’s dental health insurance reform. The study used Korea Health Panel data of 7681 households (16,493 household members) from a 10-year period (2008–2017). Dental expenditures and equivalent income using square root of household size were analyzed. Dental services were categorized into 13 types and a concentration index and 95% confidence interval using the delta method was calculated to identify income-related inequalities by a dental service. Dental expenditures and the number of dental services used increased significantly, while the proportion of out-of-pocket spending by the elderly decreased. The expenditure ratio for implant services to total dental expenditures increased substantially in all age groups, but the ratio of expenditures for dentures and fixed bridges decreased relatively. The concentration index of implant services was basically in favor of the rich, but there was no longer a significant bias favoring the better-off after the reforms. The dental health insurance reform in Korea appears to contribute not only to lowering the ratio of out-of-pocket to total dental expenses per episode in the elderly but also to improving the inequality of dental expenses.

scholarly journals Faktor-Faktor yang Mempengaruhi Depresi pada Lansia Pensiunan di Kecamatan Jekan Raya Kota Palangka Raya

2019 ◽  
Vol 5 (1) ◽  
pp. 209-220
Author(s):  
Syam'ani Syam'ani
Keyword(s):  
Elderly People ◽  
Employment Status ◽  
Selection Criteria ◽  
Age Groups ◽  
Sampling Technique ◽  
The Elderly ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Consecutive Sampling ◽  
The World ◽  
Day By Day

The population of the population in the world is increasing day by day. One of the age groups that have a significant increase in the elderly group. Projections and data found about the elderly are a concern that is of interest to the whole world because along with the increase in population it is accompanied by physical and psychological problems that accompany it. This study aims to identify factors that affect depression in retired elderly people. The design used in this study uses a research design: "CROSS-SECTIONAL". In this study, the population is elderly retirees who live in the area of Jekan Raya Subdistrict, Palangka Raya City. The sampling technique in this study uses consecutive sampling technique, which is the best type of non-probability sampling, that is, all objects that come sequentially and meet the selection criteria are included in the study until the number of subjects needed is fulfilled, namely as many as 100 people. The results showed that there was no significant relationship between sex (p: 0.671), employment status (p: 0.994), marital status (p: 0.726), education (p: 0.988), and the level of depression in retired civil servants in Jekan Subdistrict Raya Kota Palangka Raya. This research is expected to contribute positively to the management of elderly people with depression so that they are able to adapt to changes that occur due to the aging process.

scholarly journals Prevalence and Factors Influencing Elderly Abuse: A Descriptive Study of Jureli Village, Bakaiya

2021 ◽  
Vol 2 (2) ◽  
pp. 38-49
Author(s):  
Keshab Prasad Timalsina
Keyword(s):  
Health Status ◽  
Family Environment ◽  
Age Groups ◽  
Household Survey ◽  
The Elderly ◽  
Structured Interview ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Elderly Abuse ◽  
Policies And Programs

The elderly abuse in a family is one of the most challenging problems in a society. The present study aims to assess the prevalence of elderly abuse in the family environment of JureliTole of Bakaiya Rural Municipality. The study also presents various risk factors that influence the prevalence of Elderly abuse. A descriptive cross-sectional study was carried out among 103 elders taken from household survey by using census method. The data were collected through a face-to-face structured interview schedule. The descriptive and regression analysis of the collected data showed that the prevalence of elderly abuse was 46.6% in the study population. This study measured significant association (p<0.05) of overall abuse against the elder with only two socio-demographic variables (literacy status and health status) among the variables (gender, age groups, living with or without spouse, literacy status, health status, dependency status, and income level). The results showed that the elders with/without spouse had the highest odds ratio to be abused (2.19 times) followed by gender (1.64 times), and health status (1.25 times). Although this study found lower prevalence than many previous studies, it is still significant and needs to be prevented. Based on the study, it can be said that living without a spouse, with poor health, and being female are the major predictive descriptors for elderly abuse.The policies and programs are needed for the prevention of elderly abuse which may require collective action from social, health and justice sectors. 

scholarly journals Age-related mortality in 61,993 confirmed COVID-19 cases over three epidemic waves in Aragon, Spain. Implications for vaccination programmes

PLoS ONE ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 16 (12) ◽  
pp. e0261061
Author(s):  
Diego Casas-Deza ◽  
Vanesa Bernal-Monterde ◽  
Angel Nicolás Aranda-Alonso ◽  
Enrique Montil-Miguel ◽  
Ana Belen Julián-Gomara ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Age Groups ◽  
Case Fatality ◽  
The Elderly ◽  
Progressive Increase ◽  
University Hospital ◽  
Rapid Progression ◽  
Targeted Prevention ◽  
Older Individuals ◽  
Prevention Measures ◽  
Age Related

Background Risk for severe COVID-19 increases with age. Different vaccination strategies are currently being considered, including those aimed at slowing down transmission and those aimed at providing direct protection to those most at risk. Methods The objectives of the current study were i) to assess age-related incidence and survival between PCR-diagnosed COVID-19 cases (n = 61,993) in the Autonomous Community of Aragon from March to November 2020, and ii) to characterize age differences regarding the course of the disease in hospitalized patients in a tertiary university hospital. Results We found a similar incidence of COVID-19 in individuals between 10 and 79 years. Incidence increased in those over 80 years possibly because of the elevated transmission within the nursing homes. We observed a profound disparity among age groups; case fatality rates (CFRs) were near 0 in cases younger than 39 years throughout different waves. In contrast, there was an age-dependent and progressive increase in the CFRs, especially during the first pandemic wave. SARS-CoV-2 infection caused a more severe and rapid progression in older patients. The elderly required faster hospitalization, presented more serious symptoms on admission, and had a worse clinical course. Hospitalized older individuals, even without comorbidities, had an increased mortality risk directly associated with their age. Lastly, the existence of comorbidities dramatically increased the CFRs in the elderly, especially in males. Conclusion The elevated incidence of COVID-19 and the vulnerability of the elderly call for their prioritization in vaccination and targeted prevention measures specifically focused on this aged population.

scholarly journals Clinical and laboratory findings in elderly with Community-Acquired Pneumonia in Babol, northern Iran – 2017-2019

2021 ◽  
Vol 0 (0) ◽  
Author(s):  
Saleh Habibi ◽  
Arefeh Babazadeh ◽  
Soheil Ebrahimpour ◽  
Parisa Sabbagh ◽  
Mehran Shokri
Keyword(s):  
Older Adults ◽  
Age Groups ◽  
Clinical Manifestations ◽  
Gastrointestinal Symptoms ◽  
Vital Signs ◽  
The Elderly ◽  
Community Acquired Pneumonia ◽  
Northern Iran ◽  
Laboratory Findings ◽  
Cross Sectional

Abstract Morbidity and mortality are higher in older adults with community-acquired pneumonia (CAP) than in other age groups. Also, CAP in older adults has various clinical manifestations with other. A higher mortality rate in the elderly with CAP may contribute to a delay in management. Consequently, the purpose of this study was to investigate the clinical and laboratory manifestations of CAP in the elderly. This cross-sectional study was conducted on 221 elderly patients with CAP who were admitted to Ayatollah Rouhani Hospital, in Babol, northern of Iran, in 2017-2019. Patient outcomes included 170 cases that recovered from CAP, and 51 cases that died of complications. Patients were evaluated in terms of their clinical and laboratory manifestations. The most common symptoms of pneumonia were cough (79.6%), sputum (73.8%), weakness (72.9%), fever (56%), dyspnea (46.2%). The most frequent underlying disease was ischemic heart disease (43.9%). In our study, clinical and laboratory characteristics in older patients with CAP were evaluated and compared with other studies confirming past findings, but there were differences in some cases, such as vital signs, gastrointestinal symptoms, and disturbance of the level of consciousness. Therefore, it recommends carefully taking the patients’ initial histories and accurately recording their clinical and laboratory symptoms.

scholarly journals Cerebrovascular diseases mortality in the elderly in the state of São Paulo

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Isaac Rêgo Purificação ◽  
Allêh Kauãn Santos Nogueira ◽  
Matheus Araújo de Souza ◽  
Camila de Almeida Costa Alencar ◽  
Sancha Mohana Brito Goes Rios
Keyword(s):  
Age Groups ◽  
The Elderly ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Cerebrovascular Diseases ◽  
Sao Paulo ◽  
Primary Objective ◽  
The State ◽  
São Paulo ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Lack Of Information

Background: Cerebrovascular disease (CVD) is the world 2nd death cause and the main cause of disability. Nevertheless, there is a lack of information regarding the mortality profile for this etiology in the last decade. Objective and Methods: Using prospectively collected data available in TabNet (DataSUS) platform, a descriptive and cross-sectional study was conducted. The primary objective is to access the demographic information most associated with DCV mortality in individuals older than 50 years-old, in São Paulo (SP), from 2010 to 2019. Results: The highest mortality in the state of SP was in 2019 (16,945 deaths), according to the growing trend; in the 2010-2019 period, the annual mean by city of deaths (± standard deviation [SD]) was 14,885 (± 1,341). During these years, the number of deaths was higher in the municipality of São Paulo (57,013; 31%). The annual mean deaths (± SD) in the capital and in the interior cities were, respectively: 4,684 (± 269) and 31 (± 58). The age groups from 70 to 79 years and over 80 years were the most affected. Caucasian race represents 71% of deaths. Individuals with 1 to 3 years of school were more affected (38%). The ratio of male deaths to female deaths was 1.02. Conclusion: In the last decade, there was an increasing mortality by CVD among the elderly population, and the city of São Paulo leads the number of cases.

scholarly journals Sex differences in non-communicable disease prevalence in China: a cross-sectional analysis of the China Health and Retirement Longitudinal Study in 2011

BMJ Open ◽  
2017 ◽  
Vol 7 (12) ◽  
pp. e017450 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yan Liu ◽  
Guofeng Liu ◽  
Hongjiang Wu ◽  
Weiyan Jian ◽  
Sarah H Wild ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Sex Differences ◽  
Heart Disease ◽  
Longitudinal Study ◽  
Lung Disease ◽  
Chronic Lung Disease ◽  
Communicable Disease ◽  
Age Groups ◽  
Sociodemographic Factors ◽  
Age Group ◽  
Cross Sectional

ObjectivesTo describe the sex differences in the prevalence of non-communicable diseases (NCDs) in adults aged 45 years or older in China.DesignCross-sectional study.SettingNationally representative sample of the Chinese population 2011.Participants8401 men and 8928 women over 45 years of age who participated in the first wave of the China Health and Retirement Longitudinal Study (CHARLS).Outcome measuresSelf-reported data on overall health and diagnosis of hypertension, dyslipidaemia, diabetes, heart disease, stroke, chronic lung disease, cancer or arthritis. Sex differences in NCDs were described using logistic regression to generate odds ratios (OR) with adjustment for sociodemographic factors and health-related behaviours. All analyses were stratified by age group for 45–64-year-old and ≥65-year-old participants.ResultsIn both age groups, men reported better overall health than women. The crude prevalence of heart disease, cancer and arthritis was higher while that of stroke and chronic lung disease was lower in women than in men. After adjustment, ORs (95% CI) for the 45–64 and ≥65 year age groups were 0.70 (0.58 to 0.84) and 0.66 (0.54 to 0.80), respectively, for arthritis for men compared with women. In contrast, ORs were 1.66 (1.09 to 2.52) and 2.12 (1.36 to 3.30) for stroke and 1.51 (1.21 to 1.89) and 1.43 (1.09 to 1.88) for chronic lung disease for men compared with women. ORs for heart disease (0.65 (0.52 to 0.80)) were lower in men than in women only in the 45–64 year age group.ConclusionsOdds of arthritis were lower while those of stroke and chronic lung disease were higher in men than in women in both age groups. However, odds of heart disease were lower in men than in women, but only in the group of individuals aged 45–64 years.

scholarly journals Knowledge about mammography and associated factors: population surveys with female adults and elderly

2013 ◽  
Vol 16 (4) ◽  
pp. 930-942 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ione Jayce Ceola Schneider ◽  
Marui Weber Corseuil ◽  
Antonio Fernando Boing ◽  
Eleonora d'Orsi
Keyword(s):  
Associated Factors ◽  
Elderly Women ◽  
Descriptive Analysis ◽  
Age Groups ◽  
The Elderly ◽  
Cancer Information ◽  
Population Surveys ◽  
Factors Associated ◽  
Younger Age ◽  
Adjusted Model

The purpose of this paper is to describe the knowledge about mammography and to identify associated factors in female adults and elderly. Data were obtained from two population surveys, one with female adults and another with elderly women from Florianópolis (SC) in 2009 - 2010. A descriptive analysis of the variables was carried out, the appropriate mean of responses about mammography was estimated and crude and adjusted Poisson regression was conducted to identify associated factors. Among adults, 23.1% answered all of the questions appropriately and the appropriate average responses was 7.2 (95%CI 7.1 - 7.3) in a total of 9. In the adjusted model, older age, higher education and income were associated with knowledge about mammography. For the elderly, 15.3% answered all questions appropriately and the average of appropriate responses was 6.4 (95%CI 5.2 - 6.5) and the factors associated with knowledge about mammography in the adjusted model were younger age groups, increased education and income, and identification of mammography as the main diagnostic method for breast cancer. Information about mammography can neither be transmitted in a clear way nor be easily understood; there are also demographic and socioeconomic differences concerning the knowledge about the exam.

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