scholarly journals The Influence of Surgery on Cytokines in Patients with Intra-Abdominal Sepsis

1996 ◽  
Vol 24 (4) ◽  
pp. 430-434 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. M. J. Hammond ◽  
P. D. Potgieter
Keyword(s):  
Organ Dysfunction ◽  
Perioperative Period ◽  
Serum Levels ◽  
Abdominal Sepsis ◽  
Controlled Study ◽  
Patients With Cancer ◽  
Tnf Α ◽  
Cytokine Levels ◽  
Pre Treatment ◽  
Cytokine Cascade

The cytokine cascade which is triggered by severe sepsis may contribute to progressive organ dysfunction and death from sepsis. This cascade may be accentuated by surgery for sepsis and pre-treatment with cytokine blockers could possibly ameliorate the response. This prospective controlled study determined the effect of surgery in 11 haemodynamically stable patients undergoing laparotomy for intra-abdominal sepsis. Serum levels of endotoxin, IL-1, IL-6, IL-8 and TNF-α were determined; blood cultures, features of systemic inflammatory response, and organ dysfunction were monitored over the perioperative period. There was considerable variation in the serum cytokine levels. The preoperative IL-6 levels were significantly elevated in the septic patients and a threefold increase in IL-6 levels occurred in both groups postoperatively. An increase in TNF-α did not achieve significance because of high levels in control patients with cancer. Cytokine release which occurs during abdominal surgery is increased in patients with intra-abdominal sepsis.

scholarly journals Study of Adverse Effect Profile of Zoledronic Acid Infusion Among Patients with Cancer: A Retrospective Analysis

2020 ◽  
Vol 13 (10) ◽  
Author(s):  
Lina Elsalem ◽  
Haneen A. Basheer ◽  
Ayat Alshoh ◽  
Abdullah Abu-Aqoulah ◽  
Hussein Alsa'di ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Zoledronic Acid ◽  
Adverse Effects ◽  
Biochemical Parameters ◽  
Symptomatic Treatment ◽  
Serum Levels ◽  
Mean Values ◽  
Protein Levels ◽  
Patients With Cancer ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Pre Treatment

Background: Zoledronic acid (ZA) is widely used in the management of cancer-related bone events. It, however, might be associated with serious adverse effects. Objectives: To evaluate ZA adverse effects and changes in biochemical parameters related to ZA toxicities among patients with cancer. Methods: Ninety-eight oncology patients, who were prescribed ZA intravenous (IV) infusion, were interviewed to assess whether they experienced ZA related symptoms, including acute events and serious adverse effects. ZA’s effects on the serum levels of different biochemical parameters were retrospectively assessed by checking patients’ electronic medical records. Results: The most commonly reported adverse effects were: myalgia (48%), bone pain (36.7%), influenza-like symptoms (34.7%), headache (31.6%), and pyrexia (22.45%) with decreasing frequency of such adverse effects upon repeated infusions. Serious side effects including jaw osteonecrosis, cardiac, and renal problems were not reported. A small, but statistically significant reduction in serum calcium, creatinine, and total protein levels was observed upon comparing levels before and after the first IV infusion of ZA (P ≤ 0.031). No significant change was recorded with other serum electrolytes including phosphorus, sodium, potassium, and magnesium as well as urea levels (P ≥ 0.271). No significant difference was determined in terms of final serum levels of all parameters in comparison to pre-treatment (P ≥ 0.059), except for potassium, where a significant reduction was observed (P = 0.003). Notably, the mean values of all parameters were within the normal range. Conclusions: ZA acute events resolved with symptomatic treatment and reduced with repeated IV infusions. ZA appears as a safe treatment modality for skeletal-related events among patients with cancer and the reported adverse effects should not affect patients’ compliance.

scholarly journals Trifluorobenzamidine prevents allergic rhinitis by regulating IgE, IL-4 and IL-5 in T-cells

2020 ◽  
Vol 19 (5) ◽  
pp. 1023-1029
Author(s):  
Yongbo Zhang ◽  
Zhuo Wu ◽  
Yihui Yang ◽  
Lu Ding
Keyword(s):  
Allergic Rhinitis ◽  
Serum Levels ◽  
Eosinophil Infiltration ◽  
Spleen Weight ◽  
Caspase 1 ◽  
Tnf Α ◽  
Cytokine Levels ◽  
Enzymelinked Immunosorbent Assay ◽  
Inhibitory Potential ◽  
New Treatment

Purpose: To investigate the effect of trifluorobenzamidine (TBI) on a mouse model of ovalbumin (OVA)- induced allergic rhinitis. Methods: Allergic rhinitis was established in mice via sensitization on days 1, 5 and 14 through intraperitoneal injection of OVA (100 μg) in PBS. On day 15, the mice were subjected to intranasal exposure to OVA (1.5 mg dissolved in PBS). Prior to 10 days of intranasal exposure to OVA, the micewere treated with TBI at doses of 5, 10 and 20 μg/kg. Cytokine levels were determined using enzymelinked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) kits, while cyclooxygenase (COX)-2 and caspase-1 activity were assayed with western blotting. Results: Treatment with TBI significantly (p < 0.05) reduced OVA-mediated increases in nasal rub scores, and decreased serum levels of IgE, TNF-α, thymic stromal lymphopoietin (TSLP), IL-1β and histamine in mice. It also significantly regulated spleen weight and IL-4 secretion (p < 0.05) in OVAadministered mice. TBI significantly downregulated the expressions of IL-5, IL-13, TNFα, TSLP, IL-1β and IL-6 (p < 0.05). Administration of TBI caused a marked reduction in OVA-mediated increase in caspase-1 activity in mice intranasal tissues, and also significantly reduced OVA-induced excessive production of MIP-2 and ICAM-1 (p < 0.05). Moreover, TBI prevented OVA-induced infiltration of eosinophils and mast cells into intranasal tissues (p < 0.05). Conclusion: TBI reduces levels of IgE and various pro-inflammatory cytokines in OVA-administered mice. It also regulates Th1:Th2 ratio, inhibited activity of caspase-1, suppressed mast cell/eosinophil infiltration and reduced ICAM-1 and MIP-2 levels. Therefore, TBI possesses inhibitory potential against rhinitis allergy, and thus can potentially be developed as a new treatment strategy for asthma. Keywords: Trifluorobenzamidine, Anti-inflammation, Allergic rhinitis, Cytokines, Caspase-1, Itching

scholarly journals Proinflammatory Cytokines Correlate with Depression and Anxiety in Colorectal Cancer Patients

2014 ◽  
Vol 2014 ◽  
pp. 1-5 ◽  
Author(s):  
Diego Oliveira Miranda ◽  
Taís Aparecida Soares de Lima ◽  
Lucas Ribeiro Azevedo ◽  
Omar Feres ◽  
José Joaquim Ribeiro da Rocha ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Colorectal Cancer ◽  
Proinflammatory Cytokines ◽  
Molecular Mechanisms ◽  
Depression Scale ◽  
Serum Levels ◽  
Anxiety And Depression ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Depression And Anxiety ◽  
Tnf Α ◽  
Cytokine Levels

The objective of this study was to investigate whether serum cytokine levels correlate with depression and anxiety in colorectal cancer (CRC) patients. Twenty patients hospitalized for surgical resection of CRC were included in the study group and twenty healthy volunteers comprised the control group. Depression and anxiety were analyzed using the Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale (HADS), and serum levels of IL-1β, IL-6, IL-8, IL-10, IL-12, TNF-α, and TGF-βwere measured by Cytometric Bead Array. We found that more than half of CRC patients presented clinically significant levels of anxiety or depression, and 65% of them manifested a combination of severe anxiety and depression. CRC patients had increased serum levels of IL-1β, IL-6, IL-8, and TNF-α but lower IL-10 concentrations. Correlation analysis between HADS score and cytokine levels revealed a positive association of anxiety and/or depression with IL-1β, IL-6, IL-8, and TNF-α and a negative correlation with IL-10. These results indicate that circulating proinflammatory cytokines are involved in the pathophysiology of anxiety and depression in CRC patients. A better understanding of the molecular mechanisms involved in these psychological disorders will allow the design of therapeutic interventions that lead to an improved quality of life and overall survival of CRC patients.

Evaluation of Anti-inflammatory and Antioxidant Effects of Sumatriptan on Carbon Tetrachloride-induced Hepatotoxicity in Rats

Drug Research ◽  
2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ahmad Reza Dehpour ◽  
Hasan Yousefi-Manesh ◽  
Mohammad Sheibani ◽  
Mohammad Amin Sadeghi ◽  
Sara Hemmati ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Carbon Tetrachloride ◽  
Histopathological Examination ◽  
Serum Levels ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Adult Rats ◽  
Toxic Agents ◽  
Tnf Α ◽  
Anti Oxidant ◽  
Anti Inflammatory ◽  
Pre Treatment

AbstractThe liver detoxifies and metabolizes many drugs and xenobiotics which may cause hepatotoxicity due to some toxic agents. Carbon tetrachloride (CCl4) is metabolized in cytochrome P450 and its reactive radical metabolites cause lipid peroxidation, cellular injury, and apoptosis. Sumatriptan (SUM), 5-HT1B/1D receptor agonist, had anti-inflammatory and anti-oxidant effects. In this research the effect of SUM pre-treatment against CCl4-induced hepatotoxicity was examined. Adult rats received SUM (0.1, 0.3 and 1 mg/kg; i.p.) for 3 consecutive days before CCl4 (2 ml/kg; i.p. on the 3rd day). The aminotransferases serum levels, tissue levels of anti-oxidant and pro-inflammatory markers and histopathological examination were evaluated. SUM (0.3 mg/kg) prevented significantly the elevation of aminotransferases versus the control group (CCl4 group) (P<0.0001) and also, reversed meaningfully the changes of the MPO, MDA, SOD and CAT, IL-1β and TNF-α levels. Additionally, CCl4-intoxication resulted to the disruption of lobular and cellular structures and inflammation in histopathological evaluation which is prevented by SUM (0.3 mg/kg). These data revealed that SUM (0.3 mg/kg), but no at doses 0.1 and 1 mg/kg, decreases the hepatotoxicity of induced by CCl4 in rats.

scholarly journals Endotoxin Modulates the Expression of Renal Drug Transporters in HIV-1 Transgenic Rats

2018 ◽  
Vol 21 (1s) ◽  
pp. 117s-129s ◽  
Author(s):  
Navaz Karimian Pour ◽  
Micheline Piquette-Miller
Keyword(s):  
Mrna Expression ◽  
Bacterial Infections ◽  
Drug Transporters ◽  
Serum Levels ◽  
Low Grade ◽  
Western Blots ◽  
Tnf Α ◽  
Cytokine Levels ◽  
Associated Conditions ◽  
Ifn Γ

PURPUSE: Bacterial co-infections and low grade endotoxemia are common in HIV patients. Inflammation due to endotoxin or HIV may influence the expression and activity of transporters. Kidney transporters influence renal drug clearances including many antiretroviral agents. Our objective was to study the effect of endotoxin and HIV on the renal expression of drug transporters in an HIV-transgenic (HIV-Tg) rat model. These rats develop immune dysfunction and AIDS-associated conditions like humans. METHODS: Endotoxin or saline was administered intraperitoneally to HIV-Tg or wild type (WT) littermates and kidneys were collected 18 hours later. Expression of transporters and cytokines were measured by qRT-PCR and Western blots. Serum cytokine levels were measured by ELISA. RESULTS: Endotoxin induced serum levels of IL-6, TNF-α and IFN-γ in both HIV-Tg and WT animals. The basal mRNA expression of Oct2, Oct3, Octn1, Mate1, Urat1 and Ent1was significantly lower (33-60%) and the expression of Ent2 and Pept2 was significantly higher (33-45%) in HIV-Tg as compared to WT. While endotoxin significantly downregulated the mRNA expression of Mdra1 and Pept2 in both HIV and WT groups (69-78%), it imposed a significant reduction on the mRNA expression of Oct2, Oct3, Octn1, Mate1, Oat2, urat1, and Ent1 (54-83%) only in the WT group. Endotoxin significantly increased the mRNA expression of Pept1 (140%) in both WT and HIV groups. CONCLUSIONS: HIV and endotoxin each imposed alterations in the expression of many clinically important renal drug transporters although co-infection did not augment this effect. Viral and/or bacterial infections may impact the renal clearance of drug substrates in patients and could potentially be a source of drug-disease interactions.

scholarly journals Relationship between depression and blood cytokine levels in lung cancer patients

2018 ◽  
Vol 34 ◽  
pp. 113-115 ◽  
Author(s):  
Wen-Juan Liu ◽  
Xiao-Dan Wang ◽  
Wei Wu ◽  
Xiao Huang
Keyword(s):  
Lung Cancer ◽  
Cancer Patients ◽  
Rating Scale ◽  
Serum Levels ◽  
Advanced Lung Cancer ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Mild Depression ◽  
Lung Cancer Patients ◽  
Tnf Α ◽  
Cytokine Levels

Objective: To study the correlation between depression and blood cytokine levels in lung cancer patients.Methods: 92 patients with advanced lung cancer were evaluated for depression using the scoring index of depression self-rating scale. Lack of depression (n=24), mild depression (n=45), and moderate depression (n=23) were found in the cohort. Meanwhile, 40 healthy subjects were selected as the control group. The levels of IL-10, IL-6, IL-8, and TNF-α in each group were detected by sandwich enzyme-linked immunosorbent assays, and their correlation with the degree of depression was analyzed.Results: The levels of IL-10, IL-6, IL-8, and TNF-α were all higher than those in the control group (P<0.05). Moreover, the depression statuses of patients with lung cancer were positively correlated with IL-10, IL-6, and TNF-α levels (r = 0.705, 0.301, and 0.446, P<0.01); however, the level of IL-8 was not relevant (r=0.136, p>0.05).Conclusion: Serum levels of IL-10, IL-6, and TNF-α are associated with depression scoring in patients with lung cancer.

scholarly journals Neurotrophins, cytokines, oxidative parameters and funcionality in Progressive Muscular Dystrophies

2015 ◽  
Vol 87 (3) ◽  
pp. 1809-1818 ◽  
Author(s):  
CLARISSA M. COMIM ◽  
GISIANE B. MATHIA ◽  
ANDREZA HOEPERS ◽  
LISIANE TUON ◽  
FLÁVIO KAPCZINSKI ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Superoxide Dismutase ◽  
Muscular Dystrophy ◽  
Inflammatory Cytokine ◽  
Serum Levels ◽  
Superoxide Dismutase Activity ◽  
Age And Gender ◽  
Tnf Α ◽  
Cytokine Levels ◽  
And Gender ◽  
Anti Inflammatory Cytokine

We investigated the levels of brain derived-neurotrophic factor (BDNF), cytokines and oxidative parameters in serum and tried to correlate them with the age and functionality of patients with Progressive Muscle Dystrophies (PMD). The patients were separated into six groups (case and controls pared by age and gender), as follows: Duchenne Muscular Dystrophy (DMD); Steinert Myotonic Dystrophy (SMD); and Limb-girdle Muscular Dystrophy type-2A (LGMD2A). DMD patients (±17.9 years old) had a decrease of functionality, an increase in the IL-1β and TNF-α levels and a decrease of IL-10 levels and superoxide dismutase activity in serum. SMD patients (±25.8 years old) had a decrease of BDNF and IL-10 levels and superoxide dismutase activity and an increase of IL-1β levels in serum. LGMD2A patients (±27.7 years old) had an decrease only in serum levels of IL-10. This research showed the first evidence of BDNF involvement in the SMD patients and a possible unbalance between pro-inflammatory and anti-inflammatory cytokine levels, along with decreased superoxide dismutase activity in serum of DMD and SMD patients.

scholarly journals Serum levels of IL-6, IL-10 and TNF-α in patients with bipolar disorder and schizophrenia: differences in pro- and anti-inflammatory balance

2011 ◽  
Vol 33 (3) ◽  
pp. 268-274 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mauricio Kunz ◽  
Keila Maria Ceresér ◽  
Pedro Domingues Goi ◽  
Gabriel Rodrigo Fries ◽  
Antonio L. Teixeira ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Bipolar Disorder ◽  
Sandwich Elisa ◽  
Serum Levels ◽  
Inflammatory Factor ◽  
Tnf Α ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Cytokine Levels ◽  
Anti Inflammatory ◽  
Gender Based ◽  
Inflammatory Syndrome

OBJECTIVE: Previous reports suggest that cytokines act as potential mediators of the interaction between the immune and neuroendocrine systems, and that a proinflammatory state may be associated with bipolar disorder and schizophrenia. The aim is to compare cytokine levels in both disorders. METHOD: Twenty euthymic bipolar disorder patients, 53 chronic stabilized schizophrenia patients and 80 healthy controls were recruited. Subjects were all non-smokers and non-obese. Cytokines TNF-α, IL-6, and IL-10 were examined by sandwich ELISA. RESULTS: IL-6 levels were increased in schizophrenia patients when compared to controls (p < 0.0001) and euthymic bipolar disorder patients (p < 0.0001). IL-6 levels were no different in controls compared to euthymic bipolar disorder patients (p = 0.357). IL-10 was lower in controls compared to schizophrenia patients (p = 0.001) or to bipolar disorder patients (p = 0.004). There was no significant difference in TNF-α serum levels among the groups (p = 0.284). Gender-based classification did not significantly alter these findings, and no correlation was found between the antipsychotic dose administered and cytokine levels in patients with schizophrenia. DISCUSSION: These findings evidence a chronic immune activation in schizophrenia. Bipolar disorder seems to present an episode-related inflammatory syndrome. Increased anti-inflammatory factor IL-10 in bipolar disorder and schizophrenia suggests different patterns of inflammatory balance between these two disorders. Results further support the need to investigate cytokines as possible biomarkers of disease activity or treatment response.

scholarly journals EFFECT OF PNEUMOPERITONEUM IN MODEL OF ABDOMINAL SEPSIS

2020 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
pp. 31-38
Author(s):  
Cybelle Dutra Silva ◽  
Evelynne Mayara Araújo Silva ◽  
Vítor Brasil Medeiros ◽  
Aldo Cunha Medeiros
Keyword(s):  
Cecal Ligation ◽  
Serum Levels ◽  
Abdominal Sepsis ◽  
Sepsis Group ◽  
C Reactive Protein ◽  
Serum Cytokine ◽  
Reactive Protein ◽  
Cytokine Levels ◽  
Group 2 ◽  
Group 1

ABSTRACT Purpose: This study aims to examine the effects of CO2 pneumoperitoneum on the level of inflammation biomarkers in a model of abdominal sepsis in rats. Methods: Twelve Wistar rats were randomly assigned to two groups of 6 rats each. Under anesthesia, abdominal sepsis was induced by cecal ligation and puncture (CLP). Rats were observed for 24 hours. Group 1: sepsis; group 2: sepsis + pneumoperitoneum with CO2 for 30 min. Six hours after pneumoperitoneum deflation, blood samples were collected by cardiac puncture to measure (TNFα), interleukin-1β (IL-1β), interleukin-6 (IL-6), C-reactive protein (PCR) and procalcitonin (PCT). Statistical analysis using Student t test (p<0.05). Results: All animals survived. The rats with sepsis + pneumoperitoneum had levels of TNFα, IL-1β and IL-6 (542.4 ± 21pg / mL; 312.1 ± 12 pg / mL and 115.4 ± 11 pg / mL (respectively ), significantly lower than in the sepsis group (p = 0.01). Serum cytokine levels in the sepsis group were TNFα = 733.2 ± 24pg / mL; IL-1β = 432.1 ± 15 pg / mL and IL-6 = 232.3 ± 16 pg / mL. Serum levels of PCT and CRP were significantly lower in the sepsis + pneumoperitoneum group than in the sepsis group. (p=0.01). Conclusion: In conclusion, pneumoperitoneum CO2 attenuates the biomarkers of the acute phase inflammatory response associated with perioperative sepsis by PLC.

scholarly journals Parasitic helminth infections in humans modulate Trefoil Factor levels in a manner dependent on the species of parasite and age of the host

2021 ◽  
Vol 15 (10) ◽  
pp. e0009550
Author(s):  
Babatunde Adewale ◽  
Jonathan R. Heintz ◽  
Christopher F. Pastore ◽  
Heather L. Rossi ◽  
Li-Yin Hung ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Helminth Infection ◽  
Serum Levels ◽  
Dependent Manner ◽  
Hookworm Infection ◽  
Trefoil Factor ◽  
Interleukin 33 ◽  
Helminth Infections ◽  
Tnf Α ◽  
Cytokine Levels ◽  
And Control

Helminth infections, including hookworms and Schistosomes, can cause severe disability and death. Infection management and control would benefit from identification of biomarkers for early detection and prognosis. While animal models suggest that Trefoil Factor Family proteins (TFF2 and TFF3) and interleukin-33 (IL-33) -driven type 2 immune responses are critical mediators of tissue repair and worm clearance in the context of hookworm infection, very little is known about how they are modulated in the context of human helminth infection. We measured TFF2, TFF3, and IL-33 levels in serum from patients in Brazil infected with Hookworm and/or Schistosomes, and compared them to endemic and non-endemic controls. TFF2 was specifically elevated by Hookworm infection in females, not Schistosoma or co-infection. This elevation was correlated with age, but not worm burden. TFF3 was elevated by Schistosoma infection and found to be generally higher in females. IL-33 was not significantly altered by infection. To determine if this might apply more broadly to other species or regions, we measured TFFs and cytokine levels (IFNγ, TNFα, IL-33, IL-13, IL-1β, IL-17A, IL-22, and IL-10) in both the serum and urine of Nigerian school children infected with S. haematobium. We found that serum levels of TFF2 and 3 were reduced by infection, likely in an age dependent manner. In the serum, only IL-10 and IL-13 were significantly increased, while in urine IFN-γ, TNF-α, IL-13, IL-1β, IL-22, and IL-10 were significantly increased in by infection. Taken together, these data support a role for TFF proteins in human helminth infection.

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